CoDAS最新文献

Purpose: To find evidence of criterion and construct validity for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment Hearing Impairment (MoCA-H) protocol in Brazilian Portuguese.

Methods: The sample consisted of 70 elderly people divided into two groups: Group 1-50 subjects with hearing loss and no cognitive decline; Group 2-20 subjects with hearing loss and cognitive decline. Criterion validity was obtained by comparing Group 1 and 2 considering the overall score and the eight domains assessed in the MoCA-H. The data were analyzed using the Mann-Whitney U-test and Student's T-test, respecting the characteristics of the data collected. To verify construct validity, the correlation between the total scores of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and the MoCA-H obtained by Group 2 was analyzed. Spearman's Correlation Test was used for this purpose.

Results: The analysis of criterion validity showed a difference between the groups with and without decline in naming, attention, language, abstraction, memory and delayed recall skills, as well as the MoCA-H total score, indicating significantly higher performance of Group 1. The construct validity correlation analysis was weak and non-significant (Rho=0.384; p=0.095) between the MoCA-H and MMSE scores.

Conclusion: The MoCA-H protocol showed good criterion validity for this specific population, making it a reliable tool for screening mild cognitive decline. However, it did not show satisfactory construct validity, indicating the need for further studies with this instrument using another protocol as a reference.

Purpose: The hospital is often where individuals with aphasia encounter an enigmatic linguistic condition involving different speaking/listening/writing methods. This article aims to analyze the implications of linguistic symptoms in the care provided by a health team to individuals with aphasia in a general hospital linked to the Unified Health System (SUS).

Methods: This qualitative exploratory study used semi-structured interviews. It included professionals from the following categories: nursing, physiotherapy, speech-language-hearing therapy, medicine, nutrition, psychology, nursing technician, occupational therapy, and social work.

Results: The research participants highlighted the difficulties and challenges imposed by the communicative restrictions experienced in hospital care for individuals with aphasia and the implications of linguistic symptoms for multiprofessional care. Language symptoms raise questions and anxiety in health professionals, who face concerns triggered by providing care for these patients.

Conclusion: The interviews showed that aphasia imposes challenges, given the effects of communicative restrictions on the health team in hospital care. It is important to establish comprehensive care based on interprofessionality, the different dimensions of healthcare, and the diversity of ways of life.

Purpose: This study aimed to validate the Leicester Cough Questionnaire (LCQ) for Brazilian Portuguese.

Methods: Validation followed the Consensus-Based Standards for the Selection of Health Measurement Instruments (COSMIN). Data collection included a sociodemographic questionnaire, the translated version of LCQ-Brazil (LCQ-Br), self-perception of laryngeal sensitivity, cough frequency and intensity, the Cough Severity Index (CSI-Br), and the Newcastle Laryngeal Hypersensitivity Questionnaire (LHQ-Br). The LCQ-Br retained its original structure with 19 items across physical, psychological, and social domains. Participants completed the LCQ-Br on three occasions to assess validity, reliability, and responsiveness.

Results: Ninety-eight patients with chronic cough (79% women; mean age of 49) participated. Construct validation confirmed the LCQ-Br's factorial structure. For concurrent validity, negative correlations were observed between LCQ-Br domains and self-perceived laryngeal sensitivity, cough frequency and intensity, and CSI-Br factors (physical, social, psychological, and total scores). A positive correlation was found between the LCQ-Br total and LHQ-Br scores. Internal consistency was high (Cronbach's alpha = 0.952), and test-retest reliability yielded a coefficient of 0.455. The responsiveness analysis demonstrated significant reductions in LCQ-Br scores post-intervention for physical, psychological, and total domains.

Conclusion: The LCQ-Br is a valid, reliable, and responsive tool for assessing health status in chronic cough patients, making it suitable for clinical practice and research applications.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the language attitudes of Generation Z in responding to teacher questions in the classroom interaction. The focus of the study was the problems of the diversity of language forms and strategies, the influencing factors, and their implications for learning dynamics.

Methods: This study used a qualitative approach, and the data collection was conducted through observation and semi-structured interviews. Researchers observe and record students' speech and its contexts related to their responses to teacher questions during Indonesian language, arts and culture, and mathematics lessons. After class activities, the researcher conducted semi-structured interviews with students to explore causal factors related to language habits and the use of digital social media. The researchers also interviewed teachers to explore the impact of these speeches use in learning interaction.

Results: The study reveals that Generation Z students respond to teachers' questions frequently using informal Indonesian, slang, regional languages, and mixed language styles, reflecting their preference for familiarity and self-expression over strict formality in classroom interactions. Students employ diverse language strategies to respond to teachers' questions, such as short answers, humor, metaphoric appeals, and challenges. The study found that Generation Z's speech in responding to teacher questions is influenced by social media exposure, informal teacher-student relationships, and socio-cultural backgrounds, leading to a preference for informal and digital-influenced language in the classroom and social interactions.

Conclusion: This study concludes that Generation Z's language attitudes in the classroom are different from previous generations in responding to teacher questions. Generation Z's language attitudes are influenced by language in digital social media and local culture, fostering egalitarian interactions while posing challenges in maintaining academic formality.

Purpose: To correlate the empathy of undergraduate Speech-Language Pathology students with their preference for the person-centered care (PCC) model.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional quantitative study using a questionnaire. Undergraduate Speech Language Pathology students from any academic year, enrolled in any Higher Education Institution (HEI), aged 18 years or older, participated in the study. Participants completed the Brazilian Portuguese version of the Patient-Practitioner Orientation Scale (PPOS) and the Empathy Inventory via an online form. A simple descriptive statistical analysis and data analysis based on total scores and dimensions of the applied instruments were performed. A significance level of p < 0.05 was adopted.

Results: Forty undergraduate Speech-Language Pathology students participated, with an average age of 26.25 years. Of these, 82.5% were students from private HEIs, and 67.5% were from the southern region of the country. Regarding the PPOS scale, participants scored higher in the "caring" dimension. For the Empathy Inventory, higher scores were observed in the "affective sensitivity" factor and lower scores in the "interpersonal flexibility" factor. A significant positive correlation was found between the total scores of the questionnaires, between the "interpersonal flexibility" factor and the "caring" dimension, and between the "altruism" factor and the "caring" dimension.

Conclusion: In the evaluated sample, undergraduate Speech-Language Pathology students with higher levels of empathy, particularly altruism and interpersonal flexibility, demonstrated a tendency to prefer the PCC model. Thus, investing in strategies to enhance empathy in undergraduate students may encourage the adoption of the PCC model, contributing to improved patient care quality in Speech-Language Pathology.

Purpose: to compare the maximum pressure, average pressure, and labial resistance of healthy adults undergoing myotherapy combined with photobiomodulation at different doses.

Methods: a randomized, double-blind clinical trial was conducted. The non-probabilistic sample consisted of 12 individuals with a mean age of 21.8 years, randomly assigned to three distinct groups for intervention with photobiomodulation. The exercises were the same for all participants. In group 1 (G1), participants received photobiomodulation at a dose of 7 J per point; in group 2 (G2), participants received 9 J per point; and in the placebo group (PG), participants underwent the same procedures as in the other groups, but the device was turned on without being activated (placebo). The wavelength used was infrared. Participants received photobiomodulation three times a week, with a 48-hour interval, for eight weeks. Myotherapy was performed at home by participants three times a day, five times a week, for eight weeks. Clinical assessment of the lips, maximum pressure, average pressure, and labial resistance were conducted using the Iowa Oral Performance Instrument (IOPI) before and after intervention.

Results: There were no results indicating an increase in maximum or average lip pressure; however, there was an increase in labial resistance in G1.

Conclusion: Photobiomodulation associated with myotherapy, with the parameters and methodology used in this study, did not result in an increase in lip pressure but promoted an increase in resistance in the group exposed to 7 J per point.

Purpose: This study sought to analyze the swallowing function of cancer patients undergoing palliative care according to the degree of functionality and nutritional status.

Methods: observational, cross-sectional study, conducted with advanced cancer patients outside the head and neck and upper gastrointestinal tract, in an outpatient palliative care setting at a Brazilian oncology center, conducted between March 2022 and August 2023. In the first stage, sociodemographic, clinical, functional, and nutritional data were collected. Subsequently, a speech therapy assessment was performed to classify swallowing disorders and feeding route associated with swallowing ability. Descriptive, univariate, and multivariate analyses were conducted using logistic regression.

Results: 39 individuals participated in the study, the majority were female, with functional performance between fair and good, moderately undernourished. Regarding the assessment of swallowing abilities, the sample mostly exhibited fully functional swallowing, followed by functional swallowing with occasional minimal cues, additional time, or avoidance of specific foods. As for the classification of swallowing, most participants had either normal swallowing or functional swallowing, with only one patient presenting mild oropharyngeal dysphagia. Multivariate analysis revealed a significant association between a decline in swallowing ability and poorer functional performance and nutritional status.

Conclusion: Poorer swallowing ability in patients with advanced cancer, excluding those with head, neck, and upper gastrointestinal tract cancers, was associated with lower global functionality and nutritional status.

Purpose: To verify the efficacy of PROCICLOS-A in children with SSD, according to the weekly frequency of sessions, and the severity's influence on the sessions' performance.

Methods: Eight children with SSD participated, both sexes, ages between 5:03 and 7:07 years, divided into two groups: C1, once a week; C2, twice a week. The efficacy of PROCICLOS-A was verified in C1 and C2 by analyzing variables from the phonology tests of the ABFW assessment across three evaluation moments. The performance in the sessions was obtained through scoring the activities.

Results: All measures significantly differed, indicating improved performance in the evaluations after the intervention. Regarding the influence of the frequency of the sessions, there was no significant difference between C1 and C2 in the three evaluation moments. Blocks of sessions analyzed the performance in the sessions: A (sessions 1, 4, 7, 10), B (sessions 2, 5, 8, 11), C (sessions 3, 6, 9, 12). The analysis revealed lower performance during the sessions of Block A, while Blocks B and C demonstrated better performance.

Conclusion: The study provided evidence for the efficacy of PROCICLOS-A, regardless of the dosage and frequency of sessions. It suggests that maintaining the cumulative intensity of the intervention is vital, indicating that the total number of intervention hours may have a greater impact than the number of sessions held per week. There was an improvement in each child's performance throughout the program, regardless of the target sound and severity at the beginning of the intervention.

Purpose: To describe speech profiles in individuals with Huntington's Disease (HD), correlate them with cognitive and clinical aspects, and compare them with healthy controls.

Methods: Symptomatic individuals with a clinical and molecular diagnosis of HD were included. Seven healthy controls, matched by age and sex, were also included. Clinical and sociodemographic data were obtained from medical records. The Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale was used to measure severity. Cognitive data were collected using verbal fluency, symbol digit modalities, and Stroop tests. Auditory perceptual assessments were used to evaluate speech, and acoustic analysis extracted information about the following tasks: sustained vowel /a/, utterances with different intonations, oral diadochokinesis, spontaneous speech, and the repeated diphthong /ju:/.

Results: Of the seven individuals with HD, four women with a mean age of 48.86 (±16.03), presented severe (57.15%), moderate (28.57%), and mild (14.28%) dysarthria. Speech impairment in HD case subjects was related to overall motor decline; the worse the motor symptoms, the worse the speech impairment. There was no correlation with the other clinical data or cognition. The case subjects were significantly worse than the control group, specifically regarding the subsystems of phonation (fundamental frequency, phonation time, local jitter, local shimmer), respiration (maximum phonation time) and articulation (speech rate, phonation time in spontaneous speech, number of syllables in spontaneous speech, average duration of syllables and duration of spontaneous speech).

Conclusion: In HD subjects, the most affected speech subsystems were articulation, phonation, and respiration. Poor motor speech patterns were associated with overall motor decline. Speech assessments may provide biomarkers that predict HD progression.