Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341542
R. Kolawole
This article examines the Nigerian media framing of the perennial conflict between herdsmen and farmers in North Central of Nigeria. Content analysis of two national dailies – Nigerian Tribune and Vanguard – was conducted while farmers and herdsmen were interviewed. Findings reveal that the media adopted name-calling using the instrumentality of framing to construct identities for the conflict actors. Findings also reflect the paradox of the stakeholders’ views of the construction of identity for the conflict actors by the media. The article ultimately reflects the Nigerian social issues vis-à-vis the role of the mass media on society. It recommends an emphasis on peace journalism as a panacea to conflict de-escalation which war journalism promotes to achieve harmonious inter-group social relations.
{"title":"Labeling-Driven Identity Construction in Nigerian Media Framing of Farmer-Herder Conflict","authors":"R. Kolawole","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341542","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341542","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article examines the Nigerian media framing of the perennial conflict between herdsmen and farmers in North Central of Nigeria. Content analysis of two national dailies – Nigerian Tribune and Vanguard – was conducted while farmers and herdsmen were interviewed. Findings reveal that the media adopted name-calling using the instrumentality of framing to construct identities for the conflict actors. Findings also reflect the paradox of the stakeholders’ views of the construction of identity for the conflict actors by the media. The article ultimately reflects the Nigerian social issues vis-à-vis the role of the mass media on society. It recommends an emphasis on peace journalism as a panacea to conflict de-escalation which war journalism promotes to achieve harmonious inter-group social relations.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48164691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341541
C. Nwakasi, Kate de Medeiros, Mahmoud Kafayat
This case study highlights challenges such as financial strain and risk of domestic violence experienced by dementia caregivers. Using methods described by Yin (2003), two cases – a 76-year-old woman (Ada) who cared for her husband, and a 32-year old woman (Chika) who cared for her father were selected from a larger study on dementia caregiving in Anambra state. Data, including interview transcripts and field notes, were analyzed for themes. For both women, extreme financial hardship further complicated dementia caregiving challenges. For Chika, there was also the issue of physical assault by her husband who accused her of neglecting her duties at home to care for her father. Despite this, she continued caregiving at the risk of more retribution. The implications of the findings are discussed.
{"title":"Poverty, Domestic Violence or Both","authors":"C. Nwakasi, Kate de Medeiros, Mahmoud Kafayat","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341541","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341541","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This case study highlights challenges such as financial strain and risk of domestic violence experienced by dementia caregivers. Using methods described by Yin (2003), two cases – a 76-year-old woman (Ada) who cared for her husband, and a 32-year old woman (Chika) who cared for her father were selected from a larger study on dementia caregiving in Anambra state. Data, including interview transcripts and field notes, were analyzed for themes. For both women, extreme financial hardship further complicated dementia caregiving challenges. For Chika, there was also the issue of physical assault by her husband who accused her of neglecting her duties at home to care for her father. Despite this, she continued caregiving at the risk of more retribution. The implications of the findings are discussed.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44072542","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341543
Ifeanyi Onwuzuruigbo
‘August Meeting’ is the annual homecoming or convention of Igbo women hometown associations of Southeastern Nigeria. For local communities in Southeastern Nigeria, August Meeting is a veritable platform for driving development, managing conflicts and building peace. But August Meeting is also a tool for hatching and promoting conflicts. While the conflict resolution and peacebuilding role of August Meeting has been acknowledged and applauded, its capacity for producing conflicts has been largely ignored. Drawing on a Nollywood film, August Meeting, and empirical research findings, this article exposes the ways in which August Meeting promotes interpersonal and intracommunal conflicts in Southeastern Nigeria.
{"title":"Rethinking ‘August Meeting’ in Southeastern Nigeria","authors":"Ifeanyi Onwuzuruigbo","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341543","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341543","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 ‘August Meeting’ is the annual homecoming or convention of Igbo women hometown associations of Southeastern Nigeria. For local communities in Southeastern Nigeria, August Meeting is a veritable platform for driving development, managing conflicts and building peace. But August Meeting is also a tool for hatching and promoting conflicts. While the conflict resolution and peacebuilding role of August Meeting has been acknowledged and applauded, its capacity for producing conflicts has been largely ignored. Drawing on a Nollywood film, August Meeting, and empirical research findings, this article exposes the ways in which August Meeting promotes interpersonal and intracommunal conflicts in Southeastern Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41932095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341540
O. Akanle, Lilian F. Ogunkan
In the African kinship system, elders have significant roles. Especially within families, roles including care and socialization are established by cultural normativity. Since socialization processes are intergenerational, older generations inculcate these norms and the values of the society in the younger generation. This makes mothers-in-law relevant in families. The roles of mothers-in-law in younger families are widely acknowledged as key in providing intergenerational training and general family support in Nigeria. However, these intergenerational roles are complex and variously interpreted and constructed to the extent that they may engender inherent conflicts across generations in Nigerian families. These differential interpretations and constructions form perspectives of how people interpret the roles of mothers-in-law. They have implications for family wellbeing, social change, and demographic ethos, yet previous studies have not sufficiently captured these nuances. Therefore, this article empirically examines the intersectionalities of Mothers-in-Law (MsIL) roles, perspectives, social constructions of roles, and existentialities in the context of Nigeria within a broader framework of family demographic change and social development. Specific objectives of this article include understanding constructions and drivers of opinions, ideas, and worldviews about mothers-in-law and examining the preferred choice of family and perceived continuities and discontinuities relative to MsIL realities among unmarried youths.
{"title":"Mothers-in-Law or Monsters-in-Law","authors":"O. Akanle, Lilian F. Ogunkan","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341540","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341540","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 In the African kinship system, elders have significant roles. Especially within families, roles including care and socialization are established by cultural normativity. Since socialization processes are intergenerational, older generations inculcate these norms and the values of the society in the younger generation. This makes mothers-in-law relevant in families. The roles of mothers-in-law in younger families are widely acknowledged as key in providing intergenerational training and general family support in Nigeria. However, these intergenerational roles are complex and variously interpreted and constructed to the extent that they may engender inherent conflicts across generations in Nigerian families. These differential interpretations and constructions form perspectives of how people interpret the roles of mothers-in-law. They have implications for family wellbeing, social change, and demographic ethos, yet previous studies have not sufficiently captured these nuances. Therefore, this article empirically examines the intersectionalities of Mothers-in-Law (MsIL) roles, perspectives, social constructions of roles, and existentialities in the context of Nigeria within a broader framework of family demographic change and social development. Specific objectives of this article include understanding constructions and drivers of opinions, ideas, and worldviews about mothers-in-law and examining the preferred choice of family and perceived continuities and discontinuities relative to MsIL realities among unmarried youths.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42162393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341539
O. K. Oyelade, Oluwaseun Oludele Jegede, A. Akintunde, A. O. Omobowale
The secularization of the sacred and the sanctification of the secular are two ongoing processes in contemporary urban areas in Nigeria. Although, profanity and sacredness are two distinct ‘realities’ in every religious arena, observations reveal some convergences of the duo in urban market settings. This is a departure from Durkheim’s distinction between the sacred and the profane; hence, this calls for further contextual scholarly attention. Qualitative data were collected via observations, Key Informant Interviews (KII) and In-depth Interviews (IDI) which were conducted with traders and religious leaders whose churches/mosques provided trading shops/spaces to these traders, and who organized prayer sessions for traders. Data were subjected to content analysis and findings revealed that churches have shopping malls in the markets; also, a mosque let out its open space for trading. Letting was done without religious sentiment, thus, it is evident that economic bias is more important than religious sentimentality. Both Christian and Muslim traders meet from time to time at designated places in the markets for religious rituals. As a result, traders create the consciousness of divine worship and prayer to integrate sacredness and profanity into everyday market transactions, and also advance mutual trader-cohesion for individual and market success.
{"title":"The Intersection of the Sacred and the Profane in Urban Markets in Ibadan, Nigeria","authors":"O. K. Oyelade, Oluwaseun Oludele Jegede, A. Akintunde, A. O. Omobowale","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341539","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341539","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 The secularization of the sacred and the sanctification of the secular are two ongoing processes in contemporary urban areas in Nigeria. Although, profanity and sacredness are two distinct ‘realities’ in every religious arena, observations reveal some convergences of the duo in urban market settings. This is a departure from Durkheim’s distinction between the sacred and the profane; hence, this calls for further contextual scholarly attention. Qualitative data were collected via observations, Key Informant Interviews (KII) and In-depth Interviews (IDI) which were conducted with traders and religious leaders whose churches/mosques provided trading shops/spaces to these traders, and who organized prayer sessions for traders. Data were subjected to content analysis and findings revealed that churches have shopping malls in the markets; also, a mosque let out its open space for trading. Letting was done without religious sentiment, thus, it is evident that economic bias is more important than religious sentimentality. Both Christian and Muslim traders meet from time to time at designated places in the markets for religious rituals. As a result, traders create the consciousness of divine worship and prayer to integrate sacredness and profanity into everyday market transactions, and also advance mutual trader-cohesion for individual and market success.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48903006","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-12DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341544
A. O. Olutayo, Oluwaseun Olutayo, O. Liadi
This article focuses on the higher education system as an object of developmental analysis by examining the challenges and prospects of decolonizing the knowledge base of higher education systems across the Continent of Africa. The purpose of the article is to show that African countries’ seeming lack of progress relates to the character of her education system, which is deeply rooted in the context of coloniality and ‘metacolonialism.’ Using an analogical approach, the article discusses the attachment problem, which forms the pedestal for the continued undermining of indigenous knowledge as the basis of the pursuit of developmental goals. Universities in Africa have developed several kinds of attachments to and have been uncritical of received knowledge from the Western societies through their colonial roots. What African societies need at this moment is a knowledge system that integrates with the existential realities of African students and intellectuals.
{"title":"Decolonizing the African University","authors":"A. O. Olutayo, Oluwaseun Olutayo, O. Liadi","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341544","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341544","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 This article focuses on the higher education system as an object of developmental analysis by examining the challenges and prospects of decolonizing the knowledge base of higher education systems across the Continent of Africa. The purpose of the article is to show that African countries’ seeming lack of progress relates to the character of her education system, which is deeply rooted in the context of coloniality and ‘metacolonialism.’ Using an analogical approach, the article discusses the attachment problem, which forms the pedestal for the continued undermining of indigenous knowledge as the basis of the pursuit of developmental goals. Universities in Africa have developed several kinds of attachments to and have been uncritical of received knowledge from the Western societies through their colonial roots. What African societies need at this moment is a knowledge system that integrates with the existential realities of African students and intellectuals.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49354548","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10042
Dan Gabrielsson
This article analyzes the interplay between national identity and democracy. Multilevel models were tested using European Value Survey (EVS 2017), which includes 30 countries in total. On the individual level, emphasis on non-voluntary features of national identity, where national membership depends on the accident of origin, relates to lower support for democracy. At the country level, the level of actual democracy was taken in to account (Varieties of Democracy 2017). In general, higher levels of actual democracy correlate with stronger support for the ideal democracy, yet, a high level of actual democracy amplifies the negative relationship between non-voluntary national identity and support for democracy.
{"title":"The Role of Actual Democracy in the Link between National Identity and Support for Democracy","authors":"Dan Gabrielsson","doi":"10.1163/15691330-bja10042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10042","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000This article analyzes the interplay between national identity and democracy. Multilevel models were tested using European Value Survey (EVS 2017), which includes 30 countries in total. On the individual level, emphasis on non-voluntary features of national identity, where national membership depends on the accident of origin, relates to lower support for democracy. At the country level, the level of actual democracy was taken in to account (Varieties of Democracy 2017). In general, higher levels of actual democracy correlate with stronger support for the ideal democracy, yet, a high level of actual democracy amplifies the negative relationship between non-voluntary national identity and support for democracy.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45483849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1163/15691330-bja10039
Ingilab Shahbazov, Zaur Afandiyev
The majority of the studies exploring the relationship between socioeconomic factors and crime levels are confined to major industrialized nations. As a post-Soviet, transitional economy with a predominantly Muslim population, Azerbaijan provides a different setting to explore how socioeconomic indicators affect police-recorded violent and property crime levels across cities and districts. This study finds a positive relationship between GRP per capita, the proportion of pupils admitted to university and population size property crime levels. The relationship was linear in all cases. The geographical units with more social benefit (pensions, disability, and family care) recipients had lower acquisitive crime levels, though the significance was marginal. The higher the number of targeted social assistance recipients for poverty alleviation is, the higher the rate of violent crime is, which differs from the findings of similar previous studies. Overall, socioeconomic predictors were significantly better in explaining variations for offences against the property (r=.481) than violent crimes (r=.073). These findings suggest that different crime types are better explained by different economic indicators in the Azerbaijani context. Furthermore, the study shows that most of the covariates function in ways which are observed in the societies covered by the literature.
{"title":"The Socioeconomic Covariates of Violent and Property Crime Rates in Azerbaijan","authors":"Ingilab Shahbazov, Zaur Afandiyev","doi":"10.1163/15691330-bja10039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-bja10039","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The majority of the studies exploring the relationship between socioeconomic factors and crime levels are confined to major industrialized nations. As a post-Soviet, transitional economy with a predominantly Muslim population, Azerbaijan provides a different setting to explore how socioeconomic indicators affect police-recorded violent and property crime levels across cities and districts. This study finds a positive relationship between GRP per capita, the proportion of pupils admitted to university and population size property crime levels. The relationship was linear in all cases. The geographical units with more social benefit (pensions, disability, and family care) recipients had lower acquisitive crime levels, though the significance was marginal. The higher the number of targeted social assistance recipients for poverty alleviation is, the higher the rate of violent crime is, which differs from the findings of similar previous studies. Overall, socioeconomic predictors were significantly better in explaining variations for offences against the property (r=.481) than violent crimes (r=.073). These findings suggest that different crime types are better explained by different economic indicators in the Azerbaijani context. Furthermore, the study shows that most of the covariates function in ways which are observed in the societies covered by the literature.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48841339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1163/15691330-12341536
Olof Reichenberg
The present study aimed to predict job control (i.e., task discretion) based on class and occupation with skill use as a (hypothesized) mechanism in four Western European countries by using the OECD adult skill survey (PIAAC). The countries were Denmark, Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom (UK). The study used a Bayesian approach that included multilevel models combined with measurement models. The study uses the international standard classification of occupations with two digits (clustering variable) as well as the European socioeconomic classification (ESeC) measured with three social classes. The results indicate that greater worker technical skills (computer use) and social skills (e.g., negotiate and influence) predict higher levels of job control. Social classes interact with skills to predict job control (except Belgium). Occupational computer skills predict job control (in Belgium and Italy). In conclusion, the study supports predictions by neo-Durkheimians, neo-Weberians, New Structuralists, and relational approaches to inequality.
{"title":"In and Out of Control","authors":"Olof Reichenberg","doi":"10.1163/15691330-12341536","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/15691330-12341536","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000The present study aimed to predict job control (i.e., task discretion) based on class and occupation with skill use as a (hypothesized) mechanism in four Western European countries by using the OECD adult skill survey (PIAAC). The countries were Denmark, Belgium, Italy, and the United Kingdom (UK). The study used a Bayesian approach that included multilevel models combined with measurement models. The study uses the international standard classification of occupations with two digits (clustering variable) as well as the European socioeconomic classification (ESeC) measured with three social classes. The results indicate that greater worker technical skills (computer use) and social skills (e.g., negotiate and influence) predict higher levels of job control. Social classes interact with skills to predict job control (except Belgium). Occupational computer skills predict job control (in Belgium and Italy). In conclusion, the study supports predictions by neo-Durkheimians, neo-Weberians, New Structuralists, and relational approaches to inequality.","PeriodicalId":46584,"journal":{"name":"COMPARATIVE SOCIOLOGY","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47216200","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：