Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1971986
Sara L. Lampert, Estée C. H. Feldman, Lindsay K. Durkin, W. Davies, R. Greenley
ABSTRACT Identifying factors associated with medication adherence among emerging adults (EA) is critical, given their elevated risk for nonadherence and because health behavior patterns during this developmental period persist into adulthood. Patient-healthcare provider communication and patient personality traits correlate with adherence in adult samples, but the independent and interactive influences of these factors on EA adherence are understudied. This study examined the individual and interactive influences of patient-provider communication and patient personality on EA’s medication adherence and adherence barriers in a sample of 399 EA with and without chronic health conditions. Participants (75% female, 77% White) completed questionnaires assessing study constructs (i.e., EA demographics, provider communication, EA personality) and reported on adherence and adherence barriers for recently prescribed medications (43% reported on a new prescription, 70% of the prescriptions were for long-term medications). Provider communication was associated with higher adherence (BCa CI [.032, .260]) and fewer adherence barriers (BCa CI [−.250, −.035]). Extraversion moderated the association between communication and adherence (BCa CI [−10.44, −2.18]) such that individuals with low and average levels of extraversion benefited more from provider communication. Results expand knowledge of factors related to EA adherence and highlight the value of evaluating more complex models of patient and provider influences on adherence.
{"title":"Medication adherence among emerging adults: the influence of provider communication and patient personality","authors":"Sara L. Lampert, Estée C. H. Feldman, Lindsay K. Durkin, W. Davies, R. Greenley","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1971986","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1971986","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Identifying factors associated with medication adherence among emerging adults (EA) is critical, given their elevated risk for nonadherence and because health behavior patterns during this developmental period persist into adulthood. Patient-healthcare provider communication and patient personality traits correlate with adherence in adult samples, but the independent and interactive influences of these factors on EA adherence are understudied. This study examined the individual and interactive influences of patient-provider communication and patient personality on EA’s medication adherence and adherence barriers in a sample of 399 EA with and without chronic health conditions. Participants (75% female, 77% White) completed questionnaires assessing study constructs (i.e., EA demographics, provider communication, EA personality) and reported on adherence and adherence barriers for recently prescribed medications (43% reported on a new prescription, 70% of the prescriptions were for long-term medications). Provider communication was associated with higher adherence (BCa CI [.032, .260]) and fewer adherence barriers (BCa CI [−.250, −.035]). Extraversion moderated the association between communication and adherence (BCa CI [−10.44, −2.18]) such that individuals with low and average levels of extraversion benefited more from provider communication. Results expand knowledge of factors related to EA adherence and highlight the value of evaluating more complex models of patient and provider influences on adherence.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44385556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-29DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1967754
C. West, Clarissa V Shields, Kara V. Hultstrand, Miranda L. Frank, Amy F. Sato
ABSTRACT The present study examined associations between COVID-19-related negative impact and parental distress and aspects of the home food environment. Parents (N= 189) of children ages 7–17 completed an online survey assessing COVID-19-related impact and distress, household meals, feeding practices, and weight concern. Results suggested an inverse association between impact and distress and structured meals and positive associations with both restrictive feeding practices and weight concern. Food insecurity significantly moderated the association between impact and structured meals and remains a necessary target for intervention. Future research should explore factors that may mitigate the impact of COVID-19-related distress on the home food environment.
{"title":"Pandemic-related parental distress: examining associations with family meals and child feeding practices during the COVID-19 pandemic","authors":"C. West, Clarissa V Shields, Kara V. Hultstrand, Miranda L. Frank, Amy F. Sato","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1967754","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1967754","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The present study examined associations between COVID-19-related negative impact and parental distress and aspects of the home food environment. Parents (N= 189) of children ages 7–17 completed an online survey assessing COVID-19-related impact and distress, household meals, feeding practices, and weight concern. Results suggested an inverse association between impact and distress and structured meals and positive associations with both restrictive feeding practices and weight concern. Food insecurity significantly moderated the association between impact and structured meals and remains a necessary target for intervention. Future research should explore factors that may mitigate the impact of COVID-19-related distress on the home food environment.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47752228","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1961581
Javiera Ortega, N. Vázquez, Camila Flores, I. Amayra
ABSTRACT The diagnosis of a pediatric neuromuscular disease has a psychological impact on parents. The study aimed to describe mental health and psychological adaptation in parents of children with neuromuscular diseases. The evaluation of parents (n = 35) through the Psychological Adaptation Scale and Adult Self-Report Questionnaire showed that (a) 82.4% of the participants had an adequate level of psychological adaptation; (b) parents presented high levels of mental health problems, (c) significant correlations were found between the mental health problems and psychological adaptation. This study highlights the need for psychological interventions which aim to promote psychological adaptation to NMD diagnoses and protect parental mental health.
{"title":"Mental health and psychological adaptation on parents of children with neuromuscular diseases","authors":"Javiera Ortega, N. Vázquez, Camila Flores, I. Amayra","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1961581","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1961581","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The diagnosis of a pediatric neuromuscular disease has a psychological impact on parents. The study aimed to describe mental health and psychological adaptation in parents of children with neuromuscular diseases. The evaluation of parents (n = 35) through the Psychological Adaptation Scale and Adult Self-Report Questionnaire showed that (a) 82.4% of the participants had an adequate level of psychological adaptation; (b) parents presented high levels of mental health problems, (c) significant correlations were found between the mental health problems and psychological adaptation. This study highlights the need for psychological interventions which aim to promote psychological adaptation to NMD diagnoses and protect parental mental health.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48177455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-04DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-638564/v1
Berit M Gustafsson, Märtha Sund Levander
Background: ESSENCE (early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations) is a collective term for all conditions involving early-onset behavioural problems and/or cognitive difficulties. These lead to consultation with a variety of specialists, who often have no close collaboration with each other. Parents experience frustration about the lack of cooperation between care providers, and helplessness and despair over the lack of structure or routines within the care system. The aim of this study was to elicit parents’ experiences of support and interventions from child healthcare, child and adolescent psychiatry and child and youth habilitation.Method: An explorative, qualitative design taking an inductive approach. Data were collected through semi-structured focus group interviews, with 13 parents of children with behavioural and/or ESSENCE problems. Firstly, a conventional analysis of the interviews was performed. Then the revealed categories were interpreted using the bioecological model to illustrate the effects on the child’s interaction with the surrounding context, i.e. micro-, meso-, exo- and macrosystems. Results: The analysis revealed four main categories: confidence, information, competence and collaboration, affecting parents’ experiences of the encounter with child healthcare, child and adolescent psychiatry and child and youth habilitation providers. Consistent across all four themes was the importance of time, i.e. the parents’ experiences of how the process of getting help and support was constantly delayed.Conclusion: While waiting for an investigation of ESSENCE problems, parents experience anxiety, worry, frustration, lack of information, lack of confidence and doubts about their parenting ability, which also affects the child. They experience a lack of competence among care staff when their concerns about their child’s development are not taken seriously, and demand a comprehensive approach regarding investigation and treatment. Collaboration within the exosystem between the various professionals involved is perceived to have great potential for improvement.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered clinical Trials 2021, PLUSS identifier, NCT04815889.
{"title":"Parents’ Experiences of Investigations and Interventions by Child Healthcare, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Child and Youth Habilitation","authors":"Berit M Gustafsson, Märtha Sund Levander","doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-638564/v1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-638564/v1","url":null,"abstract":"\u0000 Background: ESSENCE (early symptomatic syndromes eliciting neurodevelopmental clinical examinations) is a collective term for all conditions involving early-onset behavioural problems and/or cognitive difficulties. These lead to consultation with a variety of specialists, who often have no close collaboration with each other. Parents experience frustration about the lack of cooperation between care providers, and helplessness and despair over the lack of structure or routines within the care system. The aim of this study was to elicit parents’ experiences of support and interventions from child healthcare, child and adolescent psychiatry and child and youth habilitation.Method: An explorative, qualitative design taking an inductive approach. Data were collected through semi-structured focus group interviews, with 13 parents of children with behavioural and/or ESSENCE problems. Firstly, a conventional analysis of the interviews was performed. Then the revealed categories were interpreted using the bioecological model to illustrate the effects on the child’s interaction with the surrounding context, i.e. micro-, meso-, exo- and macrosystems. Results: The analysis revealed four main categories: confidence, information, competence and collaboration, affecting parents’ experiences of the encounter with child healthcare, child and adolescent psychiatry and child and youth habilitation providers. Consistent across all four themes was the importance of time, i.e. the parents’ experiences of how the process of getting help and support was constantly delayed.Conclusion: While waiting for an investigation of ESSENCE problems, parents experience anxiety, worry, frustration, lack of information, lack of confidence and doubts about their parenting ability, which also affects the child. They experience a lack of competence among care staff when their concerns about their child’s development are not taken seriously, and demand a comprehensive approach regarding investigation and treatment. Collaboration within the exosystem between the various professionals involved is perceived to have great potential for improvement.Trial registration: Retrospectively registered clinical Trials 2021, PLUSS identifier, NCT04815889.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-08-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48677116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1949319
K. Forslund Frykedal, Michael Rosander, M. Barimani, Anita Belin
ABSTRACT New parents are offered parental education groups as a way to support their transition to parenthood. Interactive approaches in these groups are of importance, but studies have reported a lack of activities that support interaction. Cooperative learning is a structured method when working with groups and based on five elements essential to maximizing the cooperative potential of groups. The aim was to investigate the leadership skills of child healthcare nurses as leaders for parental education groups, their ideas about creating conditions for well-functioning groups, and what is required to achieve this. The results were analyzed and discussed using social interdependence theory as a framework and especially the five elements of cooperative learning. Further, the study used a qualitative descriptive design, and eight qualitative interviews were analyzed deductively using thematic analysis. The results showed that in their narratives the nurses display vocational knowledge and describe conditions important for their groups from a cooperative learning perspective. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the nurses had difficulty explicitly instructing parents to use their personal experiences and social skills to get groups to function effectively. Knowledge developed in the workplaces from the experience of leading groups is mostly implicit, and formal knowledge and awareness of leadership is necessary for development of the role.
{"title":"Cooperative learning in parental education groups – child healthcare nurses’ views on their work as leaders and on the groups","authors":"K. Forslund Frykedal, Michael Rosander, M. Barimani, Anita Belin","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1949319","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1949319","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT New parents are offered parental education groups as a way to support their transition to parenthood. Interactive approaches in these groups are of importance, but studies have reported a lack of activities that support interaction. Cooperative learning is a structured method when working with groups and based on five elements essential to maximizing the cooperative potential of groups. The aim was to investigate the leadership skills of child healthcare nurses as leaders for parental education groups, their ideas about creating conditions for well-functioning groups, and what is required to achieve this. The results were analyzed and discussed using social interdependence theory as a framework and especially the five elements of cooperative learning. Further, the study used a qualitative descriptive design, and eight qualitative interviews were analyzed deductively using thematic analysis. The results showed that in their narratives the nurses display vocational knowledge and describe conditions important for their groups from a cooperative learning perspective. Nevertheless, the results indicate that the nurses had difficulty explicitly instructing parents to use their personal experiences and social skills to get groups to function effectively. Knowledge developed in the workplaces from the experience of leading groups is mostly implicit, and formal knowledge and awareness of leadership is necessary for development of the role.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02739615.2021.1949319","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49495520","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-05DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1919112
Li Zhang, Yao Zhang, Liya Qiu, Guangxing Yang, Haiyan Jiang, Mengyi Zheng, Jie-song Wang
ABSTRACT Childhood obesity is related to impaired health and to some diseases in adulthood. Overweight children and adolescents have also been shown to experience social and psychological problems such as stigmatization and poor self-esteem. Thus, it is imperative to investigate the determinants of children and adolescents’ weight outcomes. Through analyzing the 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 waves of survey data released by China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), this paper studied how parental feeding knowledge and practices have impacted the weight status of Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 17. The paper focused on exploring how such impacts varied by parental gender and rural-urban residence. Logistic regression was used to conduct the analyses. The results showed that parental feeding knowledge and practices varied by gender and by rural-urban residence. Specifically, food preferences, energy intake (such as carbohydrate, protein and fat intake) and numbers of meals sharing with children showed different patterns among mothers and fathers. Maternal intervention on children and adolescents’ eating and physical activities, parental energy intakes and meal sharing also showed rural and urban differences. The results further highlighted that the ways in which parental feeding knowledge and practices influenced children and adolescents’ weight status also differed by parental gender and residence. Mothers were “gatekeepers” of children and adolescents’ food choices and selection; their feeding practices played a more decisive role when influencing Chinese youth’s weight status.
{"title":"Parental feeding knowledge, practices and Chinese children and adolescents’ weight status","authors":"Li Zhang, Yao Zhang, Liya Qiu, Guangxing Yang, Haiyan Jiang, Mengyi Zheng, Jie-song Wang","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1919112","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1919112","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Childhood obesity is related to impaired health and to some diseases in adulthood. Overweight children and adolescents have also been shown to experience social and psychological problems such as stigmatization and poor self-esteem. Thus, it is imperative to investigate the determinants of children and adolescents’ weight outcomes. Through analyzing the 2004, 2006, 2009 and 2011 waves of survey data released by China Health and Nutrition Survey (CHNS), this paper studied how parental feeding knowledge and practices have impacted the weight status of Chinese children and adolescents aged 6 to 17. The paper focused on exploring how such impacts varied by parental gender and rural-urban residence. Logistic regression was used to conduct the analyses. The results showed that parental feeding knowledge and practices varied by gender and by rural-urban residence. Specifically, food preferences, energy intake (such as carbohydrate, protein and fat intake) and numbers of meals sharing with children showed different patterns among mothers and fathers. Maternal intervention on children and adolescents’ eating and physical activities, parental energy intakes and meal sharing also showed rural and urban differences. The results further highlighted that the ways in which parental feeding knowledge and practices influenced children and adolescents’ weight status also differed by parental gender and residence. Mothers were “gatekeepers” of children and adolescents’ food choices and selection; their feeding practices played a more decisive role when influencing Chinese youth’s weight status.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-07-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02739615.2021.1919112","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48287930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-15DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1928499
Paulina S. Lim, Kathryn A. Balistreri, A. Silverman, W. Davies
ABSTRACT Caregivers of children with feeding problems (FP) experience more stress and mental health concerns. This study examines the relationship between disruptive mealtime interactions and symptoms of FP with caregiver stress and mental health concerns. A community sample of 198 caregivers of school-age children completed an online survey about child mealtime problems, caregiver perceptions of the severity of their child’s FP, disrupted mealtime interactions severity, caregiver stress, and caregiver depression and anxiety (i.e., internalizing symptoms). Two-thirds of caregivers reported at least 1 mealtime problem. Child picky eating was commonly reported and occurred before and after age 6. Increase in disrupted mealtime interactions and mealtime problem severity was associated with higher ratings of caregiver stress and increased internalizing symptoms. Feeding is an interactive activity between caregivers and children. Caregiver’s perception of FP is important as negative attributions about child feeding behaviors lead to increased risks of caregiver mental health problems. Integrative care providers and psychologists are encouraged to evaluate caregivers’ feeding concerns in addition to traditional objective measures of child nutrition (e.g., growth charts), as the interactions between caregiver stress, internalizing symptoms, and child FP result in poor outcomes.
{"title":"Disrupted mealtime interactions are associated with stress and internalizing symptoms in caregivers of school-age children","authors":"Paulina S. Lim, Kathryn A. Balistreri, A. Silverman, W. Davies","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1928499","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1928499","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Caregivers of children with feeding problems (FP) experience more stress and mental health concerns. This study examines the relationship between disruptive mealtime interactions and symptoms of FP with caregiver stress and mental health concerns. A community sample of 198 caregivers of school-age children completed an online survey about child mealtime problems, caregiver perceptions of the severity of their child’s FP, disrupted mealtime interactions severity, caregiver stress, and caregiver depression and anxiety (i.e., internalizing symptoms). Two-thirds of caregivers reported at least 1 mealtime problem. Child picky eating was commonly reported and occurred before and after age 6. Increase in disrupted mealtime interactions and mealtime problem severity was associated with higher ratings of caregiver stress and increased internalizing symptoms. Feeding is an interactive activity between caregivers and children. Caregiver’s perception of FP is important as negative attributions about child feeding behaviors lead to increased risks of caregiver mental health problems. Integrative care providers and psychologists are encouraged to evaluate caregivers’ feeding concerns in addition to traditional objective measures of child nutrition (e.g., growth charts), as the interactions between caregiver stress, internalizing symptoms, and child FP result in poor outcomes.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02739615.2021.1928499","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48346465","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1937172
Kinsey Pebley, L. Robinson, K. Campbell, K. Berlin
ABSTRACT Cigarette use is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, with most smokers beginning cigarette use in adolescence. Despite not being of legal age to make tobacco purchases, adolescents are quite successful in their acquisition. The current study used latent variable mixture modeling to identify smoking typologies among adolescents and examine associations with various sources of cigarettes (i.e., stealing, obtaining from friends, obtaining from family members, purchasing), social influences (parental objection to smoking, smoking friends), and demographics. Participants were 195 high school students caught with tobacco in school who completed surveys questions about their cigarette use, and cigarette use of family and friends. Results identified three latent classes pertaining to smoking patterns: recent, heavy, frequent smokers (RHFS), low infrequent smokers (LIS), and recent moderate smokers (RMS). Students in the RHFS and RMS groups were more likely to obtain cigarettes by purchasing or borrowing from a friend, and reported more friends who smoke and lower parental objection compared to LIS members. RHFS members also were more likely to obtain cigarettes from family and be of White race compared to the other groups. These findings highlight the need for tailored prevention or intervention programs depending on risk profile.
{"title":"Statistically derived patterns of smoking typologies among adolescents and their associations with demographic characteristics, interpersonal influences, and sources of cigarettes","authors":"Kinsey Pebley, L. Robinson, K. Campbell, K. Berlin","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1937172","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1937172","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Cigarette use is one of the leading causes of death in the United States, with most smokers beginning cigarette use in adolescence. Despite not being of legal age to make tobacco purchases, adolescents are quite successful in their acquisition. The current study used latent variable mixture modeling to identify smoking typologies among adolescents and examine associations with various sources of cigarettes (i.e., stealing, obtaining from friends, obtaining from family members, purchasing), social influences (parental objection to smoking, smoking friends), and demographics. Participants were 195 high school students caught with tobacco in school who completed surveys questions about their cigarette use, and cigarette use of family and friends. Results identified three latent classes pertaining to smoking patterns: recent, heavy, frequent smokers (RHFS), low infrequent smokers (LIS), and recent moderate smokers (RMS). Students in the RHFS and RMS groups were more likely to obtain cigarettes by purchasing or borrowing from a friend, and reported more friends who smoke and lower parental objection compared to LIS members. RHFS members also were more likely to obtain cigarettes from family and be of White race compared to the other groups. These findings highlight the need for tailored prevention or intervention programs depending on risk profile.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02739615.2021.1937172","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44001188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-09DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1933985
E. Rosenthal, Sara R. Franklin Gillette, G. DuPaul
ABSTRACT Using data from the 2018 National Survey for Children’s Health , this study examined relationships between several adaptive psychological and psychosocial factors among siblings of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) compared to siblings of children without SHCN and the role of family resilience within those relationships. We conducted independent samples t-tests to determine if outcomes of interest differed between the siblings of CSHCN (n = 1486) and the siblings of typically-developing children (n = 1429). We then conducted simple linear regressions to examine family resilience as a correlate of all outcomes. Siblings of CSHCN exhibit significantly worse outcomes in academic and social school engagement, flourishing, and family resilience. Family resiliency is significantly associated with relationships involving school engagement, flourishing, and bullying. Siblings of CSHCN are at increased risk for important negative outcomes. Preventive intervention research is warranted, specifically to enhance resilience of families with CSHCN.
{"title":"Pediatric siblings of children with special health care needs: Well-being outcomes and the role of family resilience","authors":"E. Rosenthal, Sara R. Franklin Gillette, G. DuPaul","doi":"10.1080/02739615.2021.1933985","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/02739615.2021.1933985","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Using data from the 2018 National Survey for Children’s Health , this study examined relationships between several adaptive psychological and psychosocial factors among siblings of children with special health care needs (CSHCN) compared to siblings of children without SHCN and the role of family resilience within those relationships. We conducted independent samples t-tests to determine if outcomes of interest differed between the siblings of CSHCN (n = 1486) and the siblings of typically-developing children (n = 1429). We then conducted simple linear regressions to examine family resilience as a correlate of all outcomes. Siblings of CSHCN exhibit significantly worse outcomes in academic and social school engagement, flourishing, and family resilience. Family resiliency is significantly associated with relationships involving school engagement, flourishing, and bullying. Siblings of CSHCN are at increased risk for important negative outcomes. Preventive intervention research is warranted, specifically to enhance resilience of families with CSHCN.","PeriodicalId":46607,"journal":{"name":"Childrens Health Care","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2021-06-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/02739615.2021.1933985","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41946416","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-08DOI: 10.1080/02739615.2021.1926250
H. Yilmaz Kafali, Binay Kayan Ocakoğlu, Adem Işık, Ümran Gül Ayvalık Baydur, Gizem Müjdecioğlu Demir, Müge Şahin Erener, Ö. Üneri
ABSTRACT This study investigated whether poor performance in the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET) and emotion dysregulation (ED) contributes to involvement in bullying among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). Altogether, 105 adolescents with ADHD aged 10–18 years (mean: 13.9±1.8 years, 77% boys) were recruited. RMET was applied to evaluate the ToM abilities. Participants completed the Difficulties in Emotion Regulation Scale (DERS) and the Olweus Bully/Victim Questionnaire to measure ED and evaluate involvement in bullying, respectively. Among the subjects, 24.8% were victims, 23.8% were perpetrators. The perpetrators and victims exhibited significantly lower RMET scores and higher DERS awareness scores than non-victims/non-perpetrators. The perpetrators also exhibited significantly higher DERS impulse scores and DERS total scores than non-victims/non-perpetrators. Binary logistic regression analysis revealed that a 1-point decrease in the RMET score increased the odds of bullying victimization by 53% and bullying perpetration by 21.6%, while a 1-point increase in DERS impulse scores increased the risk of bullying perpetration by 14.9%. This study is the first to show an association between poor ToM ability and involvement in bullying as victims/perpetrators among children with ADHD. Both victims and perpetrators had problems with emotional awareness, while only perpetrators had difficulties controlling their impulses.
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