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The Way I Feel, the Way I Play? The role of affect in goal realization in musical practice 我的感觉,我演奏的方式?情感在音乐实践中实现目标的作用
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231212578
Zofia Mazur-Socha, Mariola Laguna
We examined practice-related affect to determine the role it plays in four phases of goal realization in musical practice. Study 1 with a sample of 171 piano students and Study 2 with 235 students playing various instruments allowed for testing the relationships between four types of affect differing in valence and activation level based on the circumplex model and the phases of goal realization: practice intention, practice planning, actional phase of practice, and performance evaluation. In Study 2 we also analyzed longitudinal relationships between affect measured at Time 1 and actional phase of practice and performance evaluation measured 2 weeks later at Time 2. In both studies, highactivation positive affect was related to higher practice intention, while both high- and low-activation negative affect were related to more negative performance evaluation. The results are important for advancing affect and goal theories and for improving theoretical models of musical practice. They are relevant for music educators and music education researchers and can be used in screening and progressmonitoring efforts, shaping interventions to enhance students’ motivation to practice their instruments.
我们考察了与练习相关的情感,以确定它在音乐实践中目标实现的四个阶段中所起的作用。研究1以171名钢琴学生为样本,研究2以235名演奏不同乐器的学生为样本,测试基于环复模型的四种不同效价和激活水平的情感与目标实现阶段:练习意图、练习计划、练习行动阶段和表现评价之间的关系。在研究2中,我们还分析了在时间1和行动阶段测量的情感与2周后在时间2测量的绩效评估之间的纵向关系。在两项研究中,高激活的积极情绪与较高的练习意图相关,而高激活和低激活的消极情绪与较高的消极绩效评价相关。研究结果对情感和目标理论的发展以及音乐实践理论模型的完善具有重要意义。它们与音乐教育家和音乐教育研究人员相关,可用于筛选和进度监测工作,形成干预措施,以增强学生练习乐器的动机。
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引用次数: 0
Where is Mi Gente? Codeswitching (Afro)Latinidad in the music classroom Mi Gente 在哪里?音乐课堂上的(非洲)拉丁编码转换
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-12-04 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231215807
Marjoris Regus, Teresa Satterfield
Musical codeswitching (CS) entails mixing musical ideas and genres. The term CS originated in linguistics, based on language alternations attested in bilinguals. Switches in sociocultural behaviors also now receive scholarly attention as CS. The current multiple case study explores CS domains (music, language, and behavior) in the context of music education programs, where CS remains under-researched. This study also fills a gap by examining historically underrepresented individuals’ (HURIs) participation in music education. Here, a CS-based account provides a deeper understanding of the complex sociocultural capital, linguistic resources and lived experiences that HURIs navigate. As part of an interpretive qualitative study design, semi-structured interviews were carried out with a HURI subpopulation (bilingual, [Afro]Latina/o/x faculty, and students) in music education. Findings show participants perceive CS to be mandatory for accessing dominant U.S. music school culture. Additional findings reveal HURIs must master CS in musical, linguistic, and behavioral domains to avoid negative outcomes, yet sustained multi-CS scenarios may have psychological and even physical costs. Insights from CS are thus critical for pinpointing institutional barriers to greater HURI involvement in music education.
音乐编码转换(CS)需要混合音乐思想和流派。CS一词起源于语言学,基于双语者所证实的语言交替。社会文化行为的转变现在也作为CS受到学术界的关注。当前的多个案例研究探讨了音乐教育计划背景下的CS领域(音乐,语言和行为),其中CS仍未得到充分研究。本研究还通过检查历史上代表性不足的个人(huri)参与音乐教育来填补空白。在这里,基于cs的描述提供了对复杂的社会文化资本、语言资源和生活经历的更深入的理解。作为解释性定性研究设计的一部分,对HURI音乐教育亚群(双语,[非洲裔]拉丁裔/非裔/非裔教师和学生)进行了半结构化访谈。研究结果显示,参与者认为CS是进入主流美国音乐学校文化的必修课。其他研究结果表明,高智商人群必须掌握音乐、语言和行为领域的CS,以避免负面结果,然而持续的多CS情景可能会带来心理甚至身体上的代价。因此,来自CS的见解对于查明阻碍HURI更多地参与音乐教育的制度障碍至关重要。
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引用次数: 0
Can the professional study of a musical instrument be associated with the development of cognitive processes? A meta-analytic study 乐器专业学习是否与认知过程的发展有关?一项元分析研究
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-30 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231211351
Miren Pérez-Eizaguirre, E. Vergara-Moragues, Jesús Privado
The objective of this work was to carry out a systematic review and meta-analysis to understand the effect that formal music training has on cognitive development, specifically on executive functions, memory, and intelligence. Of the 84 studies identified in the meta-analysis, 16 met the inclusion criteria. The cognitive processes analyzed were divided into three different cognitive domains: executive function, memory, and intelligence, with two moderating variables, age and professional experience. The results indicated that professional musicians score higher in the three cognitive domains: executive function, memory and intelligence. Taking into account age and musical experience, these differences lessen for executive function and increase for memory and intelligence, but always with higher scores for professional musicians. This data indicates that formal music training might go along with cognitive development, and thus be indicative of the development of cognitive processes, which remains over time.
这项工作的目的是进行系统回顾和荟萃分析,以了解正规音乐培训对认知发展的影响,特别是对执行功能、记忆力和智力的影响。在荟萃分析确定的 84 项研究中,有 16 项符合纳入标准。分析的认知过程分为三个不同的认知领域:执行功能、记忆和智力,以及两个调节变量:年龄和专业经验。结果表明,专业音乐家在执行功能、记忆和智力这三个认知领域的得分较高。考虑到年龄和音乐经验,这些差异在执行功能方面有所减小,在记忆和智力方面有所增大,但专业音乐家的得分始终较高。这些数据表明,正规的音乐训练可能与认知能力的发展相伴而行,因此可以表明认知过程的发展,并随着时间的推移而保持不变。
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引用次数: 0
Didactic transposition in music education: Exploring didactical suitability in three Navarrese schools 音乐教育中的教学转换:探索纳瓦拉三所学校的教学适用性
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-20 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231204895
R. Angel-Alvarado, Olga Belletich, Miguel R. Wilhelmi
Didactic transposition occurs when scholarly knowledge is transformed into knowledge to be taught in order to reach didactical suitability. In this study, we explore didactic transposition implemented in music lessons from the perspective of didactical suitability. Utilising Design-Based Research, the current study collected qualitative and quantitative data from three urban schools in the Chartered Community of Navarre, Spain. Findings reveal that didactic transposition depends on the teacher’s beliefs because, while one-to-one teaching and academicism are preferred by educators who prioritise music theory, collective teaching and creativity are promoted by teachers who favour holistic development. In conclusion, didactic transposition enables the aspiration to didactical suitability, explaining the characteristics of didactic contracts. Lastly, some pedagogical implications are provided.
当学术知识转化为教学知识以达到教学适宜性时,就会发生教学转换。在本研究中,我们从教学适宜性的角度探讨了在音乐课中实施的教学转换。本研究采用基于设计的研究方法,从西班牙纳瓦拉特许社区的三所城市学校收集定性和定量数据。研究结果表明,教学换位取决于教师的理念,因为优先考虑音乐理论的教育者倾向于一对一教学和学术主义,而倾向于全面发展的教师则提倡集体教学和创造性。总之,教学换位可以实现教学适宜性的愿望,从而解释教学契约的特点。最后,提出了一些教学启示。
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引用次数: 0
Pre-college piano teaching practice in China and the United States: An international comparative study from the piano teachers’ perspectives 中国和美国的大学预科钢琴教学实践:钢琴教师视角下的国际比较研究
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-18 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231208236
Yuan Jiang, D. Dumlavwalla
In an increasingly interconnected world, it is crucial that music educators understand pedagogical practices across national boundaries. While China and the United States are representatives of different social norms, they do share common ground in the field of piano teaching practices. The purpose of this study is two-fold: (1) to promote a greater understanding of the current state of pre-college piano teaching practices in China and the United States and (2) to identify the similarities and differences between pre-college piano education in these two countries from the teachers’ perspectives. The researchers examined the research questions through a self-reporting survey. Data was collected in 2021 from piano teachers in China ( n = 40) and the United States ( n = 25), who completed a 22-item questionnaire. A summary of pre-college piano instructors’ demographics, studio settings, pedagogical practices, and their students’ study environments were presented, and comparisons between the two countries were explored. Results indicated that there were statistical differences between the two countries regarding many aspects of pre-college piano teaching practice such as teaching materials, approaches, and student performance activities. Similarities were found in the teachers’ most frequent teaching activity in piano lessons and the students’ study environment.
在一个日益相互联系的世界中,音乐教育工作者了解跨国界的教学实践至关重要。虽然中美两国代表着不同的社会规范,但在钢琴教学实践领域却有着共同点。本研究的目的有二:(1)促进对中美两国大学预科钢琴教学实践现状的进一步了解;(2)从教师的角度找出两国大学预科钢琴教育的异同。研究人员通过自我报告调查对研究问题进行了研究。数据收集于 2021 年,来自中国(40 人)和美国(25 人)的钢琴教师,他们填写了一份包含 22 个项目的调查问卷。调查概述了大学预科钢琴教师的人口统计学特征、工作室设置、教学实践及其学生的学习环境,并探讨了两国之间的比较。结果表明,两国在大学预科钢琴教学实践的许多方面,如教材、教学方法和学生表演活动等方面存在统计学差异。教师在钢琴课上最常进行的教学活动和学生的学习环境则具有相似性。
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引用次数: 0
Rent-a-crowd! Understanding how applause magnitude impacts music performance appraisal 租借人群了解掌声大小如何影响音乐表演评估
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231201918
Olivia Utharntharm, Helen F Mitchell
Applause is ubiquitous in the reception of music performance. Applause magnitude can reveal and sway audience reactions, and it is critical for musicians and educators to understand how audiences and evaluators respond to this extramusical effect in the appraisal of music performance. This study investigated how listeners respond to applause magnitude and prompted discussions about extramusical effects and social influence. Three applause levels (polite, strong and vocal) were added to two identical solo trumpet performances (one Fanfare and one Vocalise). Thirty listeners rated these six performances for overall quality and five performance dimensions (intonation, expression, balance, rhythmic accuracy and dynamic control). Vocal applause significantly impacted ratings of overall quality, expression and dynamic control compared to polite applause. Listeners were aware of varying applause levels and the majority were susceptible to unconscious or conscious bias in their evaluations. Most listeners were unaware of the identical audio and found the experiential learning process ‘enlightening’. Listeners became cognisant of their susceptibility to extramusical effects and reflected on evaluation strategies. Future studies should employ experiential learning to inform emerging music professionals about perceptual vulnerabilities and enhance critical thinking and expert evaluation skills.
掌声在音乐表演的接受过程中无处不在。掌声的大小可以揭示和左右听众的反应,因此,音乐家和教育家必须了解听众和评价者在评价音乐表演时如何对这种外部效应做出反应。本研究调查了听众如何对掌声大小做出反应,并引发了有关外部效应和社会影响的讨论。在两段相同的小号独奏表演中加入了三种程度的掌声(礼貌掌声、强烈掌声和声乐掌声),其中一段为 "Fanfare",另一段为 "Vocalise"。30 名听众对这六次演奏的整体质量和五个演奏维度(音调、表情、平衡、节奏准确性和动态控制)进行了评分。与礼貌性鼓掌相比,声乐性鼓掌对整体质量、表现力和动态控制的评分有明显影响。听众意识到了不同程度的掌声,大多数人在评价时容易出现无意识或有意识的偏差。大多数听众没有意识到相同的音频,并认为体验式学习过程 "具有启发性"。听众开始认识到自己容易受到外部效应的影响,并对评价策略进行了反思。未来的研究应采用体验式学习的方法,让新兴的音乐专业人士了解感知上的弱点,提高批判性思维和专家评价技能。
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引用次数: 0
Teacher expectation effects on vocal and instrumental performance: A focus on student gender 教师期望对声乐和器乐表现的影响:关注学生性别
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231208235
Shangpeng Li, Yu Sun, Zheng Li
In this study, the researchers examined teachers’ differential expectations for male and female students and the effects on music performance within the higher education context. The participants were 91 teachers and 480 second-year undergraduate students majoring in vocal and instrumental performance from two universities. Data of teacher expectations and students’ prior achievement were collected at the beginning of the 2021–2022 school year as well as students’ later achievement at the end of the school year. Researchers found that teachers held higher expectations for female students learning vocal performance than for males, and higher expectations for male students learning instrumental performance than for females. With students’ prior achievement being controlled, teacher expectations had significant effects on student year-end musical performance. Furthermore, the magnitude of teacher expectations was moderated by student gender. Specifically, males learning vocal performance and females learning instrumental performance were more susceptible to teacher expectations than their counterparts. Implications for addressing gender inequity in music education were also discussed.
在这项研究中,研究人员考察了高等教育背景下教师对男女学生的不同期望及其对音乐成绩的影响。参与者包括两所大学的 91 名教师和 480 名声乐和器乐表演专业的二年级本科生。研究人员收集了 2021-2022 学年初教师对学生的期望和学生之前的成绩数据,以及学年末学生的成绩数据。研究人员发现,教师对学习声乐表演的女生的期望高于男生,对学习器乐表演的男生的期望高于女生。在控制了学生先前成绩的情况下,教师的期望对学生的年终音乐成绩有显著影响。此外,教师期望值的大小受学生性别的影响。具体来说,学习声乐表演的男生和学习器乐表演的女生比他们的同龄人更容易受到教师期望的影响。研究还讨论了解决音乐教育中性别不平等问题的意义。
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引用次数: 0
Perceived preparedness to teach over time: A longitudinal case study of instrumental music teachers 随着时间的推移,教学的感知准备:器乐教师的纵向案例研究
3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-10 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231204440
John Denis
Music teacher education programs are an integral part of preparing novice music teachers for a successful start to their careers. Despite that, many studies show that music educators often feel unprepared by their education. This three-and-a-half year longitudinal case study examined instrumental music educators’ perceptions of the preparation provided by their education as they completed university coursework and entered the profession. Participants were four instrumental music education majors who were in their upper-level courses at the beginning of the study and participants completed five focus group discussions. Participants were four instrumental music education majors who were in their upper-level courses at the beginning and participants completed five focus group discussions starting at the end of their third year, continuing through both semesters of their final year, and at the end of their first 2 years in the classroom. I identified three emergent themes from the data: the importance of authenticity and contextualization; the core practices of classroom management, secondary instrument knowledge/skills, and rehearsing ensembles were central to feelings of preparedness; and a shifting focus over time. Findings indicated various perceptions of preparedness and their connection to music teacher education experiences, including implications for future research.
音乐教师教育计划是准备新手音乐教师成功开始他们的职业生涯的一个组成部分。尽管如此,许多研究表明,音乐教育者经常对他们的教育感到措手不及。这项为期三年半的纵向案例研究考察了器乐教育工作者在完成大学课程并进入该行业时对其教育提供的准备的看法。参与者是四名在研究开始时正在上高级课程的器乐教育专业的学生,参与者完成了五次焦点小组讨论。参与者是四名器乐教育专业的学生,他们一开始就在上高级课程,从第三年结束开始,参与者完成了五次焦点小组讨论,一直持续到最后一年的两个学期,直到他们在教室里的前两年结束。我从数据中确定了三个新兴主题:真实性和情境化的重要性;课堂管理的核心实践、辅助乐器知识/技能和排练合奏是准备感觉的核心;随着时间的推移,重心也在转移。研究结果显示了对准备的不同看法及其与音乐教师教育经验的联系,包括对未来研究的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Orchestrating gender equality: How Australian female musicians navigate bias and achieve career success 编曲性别平等:澳大利亚女音乐家如何克服偏见并取得事业成功
3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-11-08 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231208233
Emily R Green, Helen F Mitchell
Women’s participation in professional orchestras has changed the gender dynamics in the Australian music workplace. Traditional binary gender bias is pervasive in all industries, but little is known about how women in music navigate misogyny to achieve equality and realise career success. Thirteen Australian female principal players took part in semi-structured interviews to explore their experiences of the Australian musical workplace. Female principal players felt they encountered unconscious and conscious bias from tertiary training to their professional lives. The audition process, designed to promote impartiality, left women feeling disempowered with opaque and confusing criteria for job selection. Women believed they were treated differently to men and often felt isolated and unsupported. navigated prejudice and stereotyping within established male cultures and promoted inclusivity and diplomacy to achieve the best musical outcomes. Female principal players balanced family responsibilities with their professional careers and recognised more efficient ways of working. Women overcame self-doubt and fostered equality in the workplace. They were undeterred by the lack of female role models and determined to be strong female role models for the next generation. Future studies will investigate how awareness of bias in music can equip young musicians to demand and promote change in the industry.
女性参与专业管弦乐队改变了澳大利亚音乐工作场所的性别动态。传统的二元性别偏见在所有行业都很普遍,但很少有人知道音乐行业的女性是如何克服厌女症,实现平等和事业成功的。13位澳大利亚女主手参加了半结构化访谈,探讨她们在澳大利亚音乐工作场所的经历。女性主要球员认为,从高等教育到职业生涯,她们遇到了无意识和有意识的偏见。旨在促进公正性的面试过程,让女性感到被不透明和令人困惑的工作选择标准剥夺了权力。女性认为她们受到与男性不同的待遇,经常感到孤立无援。在既定的男性文化中克服偏见和刻板印象,促进包容和外交,以取得最好的音乐成果。女性主要参与者平衡了家庭责任与职业生涯,并认识到更有效的工作方式。女性克服了自我怀疑,促进了工作场所的平等。她们没有因为缺乏女性榜样而气馁,决心成为下一代坚强的女性榜样。未来的研究将探讨对音乐偏见的认识如何使年轻音乐家能够要求并促进行业的变革。
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引用次数: 0
‘Wayfarers: Confronting the past through traditional music in schools’ “旅行者:通过学校的传统音乐面对过去”
3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2023-10-31 DOI: 10.1177/02557614231205307
Philip Tonner, Oscar Odena, Joshua Dickson, Angela Jaap, Dougie Pincock, Rosalyn Potter
This paper discusses an inquiry-based school-university partnership project conducted by history and music education specialists in Scotland. The project was music-led with history underpinning it, namely the musical migration of Scots and Irish to the Eastern United States. From the 18th century onwards thousands of Scots and Irish moved to Appalachia – ‘the wayfarers’ in our title. Their heritage now features in the Scottish school curriculum. However, the wayfarers encountered a range of challenging factors, including forced migration and segregation, which are not yet fully considered in schools. To address this need we co-developed resources with a specialist school to enhance secondary school practices surrounding music education and pupil engagement with challenging histories. This paper critically considers the project stages, supported by secondary and primary sources, including group interviews. In the conclusions we make suggestions for future policy, research and practice, such as to frame traditional songs in schools in their historical context.
本文讨论了苏格兰历史和音乐教育专家开展的研究性校际合作项目。这个项目以音乐为主导,以历史为基础,即苏格兰人和爱尔兰人向美国东部的音乐移民。从18世纪开始,成千上万的苏格兰人和爱尔兰人移居阿巴拉契亚——我们标题中的“旅行者”。他们的遗产现在出现在苏格兰学校的课程中。然而,这些徒步旅行者遇到了一系列具有挑战性的因素,包括被迫迁移和种族隔离,这些因素在学校中尚未得到充分考虑。为了满足这一需求,我们与一所专业学校共同开发了资源,以加强中学围绕音乐教育和学生参与具有挑战性的历史的实践。本文批判性地考虑了项目阶段,由次要和主要来源支持,包括小组访谈。在结论中,我们对未来的政策、研究和实践提出了建议,例如在历史背景下构建学校传统歌曲。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Music Education
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