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The role of active and passive music engagement in cognitive development: A systematic review 主动和被动音乐参与在认知发展中的作用:系统回顾
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241268049
Katarina Stekić
The aim of this study is to provide a systematic review of the effects of active and passive music engagement on cognitive development. Out of the 66 studies uncovered by the initial search, methods, and conclusions of 12 quantitative, 2 qualitative, and 12 review studies were analyzed. The present review shows active music engagement may improve cognitive skills in near transfer domains, such as verbal and motor skills, as well as auditory discrimination. Improvements in distant transfer domains have also been reported, such as enhanced general IQ, memory skills, numeracy and spatial skills, executive skills, and problem-solving. Benefits for affective and social skill development have also been shown for both active and passive music engagement, while passive engagement is specifically beneficial in clinical settings. However, there are studies that don’t report significant effects. Potential sources of bias are further explored, suggesting that this field may be victim to confirmation and publication bias. Method variety in measurements, sample size, and intervention length, along with the lack of methodological rigor and control groups, prevent us from concluding a direct causal relationship between music engagement and cognitive development. Implications for controlling confounding factors and identifying potential moderator mechanisms are discussed.
本研究旨在对主动和被动音乐参与对认知发展的影响进行系统回顾。在初步搜索到的 66 项研究中,我们分析了 12 项定量研究、2 项定性研究和 12 项综述研究的方法和结论。本综述显示,积极的音乐参与可提高近迁移领域的认知技能,如语言和运动技能以及听觉辨别能力。也有报道称,远迁移领域的技能也有所提高,如提高了一般智商、记忆技能、计算和空间技能、执行技能和解决问题的能力。主动和被动音乐参与对情感和社交技能发展的益处也已得到证实,而被动音乐参与尤其有益于临床环境。不过,也有一些研究报告称其效果并不显著。研究还进一步探讨了潜在的偏差来源,认为这一领域可能存在确认和发表偏差。由于测量方法、样本大小和干预时间长短不一,加上缺乏严谨的方法学和对照组,我们无法得出音乐参与与认知发展之间存在直接因果关系的结论。本文还讨论了控制混杂因素和识别潜在调节机制的意义。
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引用次数: 0
What and how? Or why and for whom? A content analysis of middle school general music literature 怎么做?或者为什么和为了谁?初中普通音乐文献内容分析
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-08-04 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241269061
Kelly Bylica, Betty Bauman-Field
The purpose of this content analysis is to analyze available peer-reviewed middle school general music literature to determine the ways in which middle school general music has been conceived of in extant literature in the United States. The researchers performed a content analysis of peer-reviewed empirical and practitioner articles relating to middle school general music ( N = 45), creating a coding scheme of categorical clusters that related to the Association of Middle Level Education’s position paper: This We Believe. Content coding revealed curricular content (78%) and pedagogical practice (42%) as the most common topics. Several topics were underrepresented in the literature including student opinion/voice (11%), inclusive practice (18%), adolescent development (20%), cultural awareness (18%), classroom culture (20%), and teacher preparation and development (16%). These findings may have important implications for preservice music teacher educators preparing teachers for the context of middle school general music, as well as for researchers within this domain.
本内容分析的目的是对现有的同行评议的中学普通音乐文献进行分析,以确定美国现存文献中对中学普通音乐的构思方式。研究人员对同行评阅的与初中普通音乐相关的实证性和实践性文章(45 篇)进行了内容分析,创建了与初中教育协会立场文件相关的分类群组编码方案:我们相信这一点。内容编码显示,课程内容(78%)和教学实践(42%)是最常见的主题。一些主题在文献中的代表性不足,包括学生意见/声音(11%)、全纳实践(18%)、青少年发展(20%)、文化意识(18%)、课堂文化(20%)以及教师准备和发展(16%)。这些研究结果可能会对职前音乐教师教育者培养初中普通音乐教师以及该领域的研究人员产生重要影响。
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引用次数: 0
Music education alumni perceptions of undergraduate degree experiences, skills development, and job satisfaction 音乐教育校友对本科学位经历、技能发展和工作满意度的看法
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241268336
Josef Hanson
The purpose of this study was to investigate U.S. undergraduate music education degree alumni ( n = 3,731) perceptions of and satisfaction with their baccalaureate educational experiences, professional skills development, and careers post-graduation. A secondary aim was to determine the extent to which key aspects of undergraduate music education degree programs and/or demographic variables predicted positive career outcomes. Data for this study were gleaned from the Strategic National Arts Alumni Project’s (SNAAP) 2015, 2016, and 2017 surveys of arts alumni in the United States. Results indicated that respondents were largely satisfied with the training and experiences they received in their undergraduate degree programs, especially development of artistic technique, teaching skills, and a broad knowledge base. A large majority (85.09%) found employment relevant to their training within 1 year of graduation, and although many departed teaching to work in other career fields, those who stayed were generally satisfied with their jobs, although less so regarding compensation levels and career advancement opportunities. Skills gaps in interpersonal relations and communication suggest that collaborative work might be a weak area in undergraduate music teacher education. Logistic regression revealed statistically significant associations between several institutional satisfaction/demographic variables and high subsequent job satisfaction.
本研究旨在调查美国本科音乐教育学位校友(人数=3731)对其本科教育经历、专业技能发展和毕业后职业的看法和满意度。另一个目的是确定音乐教育本科学位课程和/或人口统计学变量的关键方面在多大程度上预示着积极的职业结果。本研究的数据来自国家艺术校友战略项目(SNAAP)2015、2016和2017年对美国艺术校友的调查。结果表明,受访者对他们在本科学位课程中接受的培训和经历基本满意,尤其是在艺术技巧、教学技能和广泛的知识基础方面的发展。大多数人(85.09%)在毕业后一年内找到了与他们所受培训相关的工作,尽管许多人离开了教学岗位,转而从事其他职业领域的工作,但留下来的人普遍对他们的工作感到满意,只是对薪酬水平和职业晋升机会不太满意。人际关系和沟通方面的技能差距表明,合作工作可能是本科音乐教师教育的一个薄弱环节。逻辑回归显示,机构满意度/人口统计学变量与随后的高工作满意度之间存在显著的统计学关联。
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引用次数: 0
Adapting music education to pandemic regulations: Conceptualizing the school demands-resource theoretical innovation through autoethnography 使音乐教育适应流行病条例:通过自我民族志实现学校需求-资源理论创新的概念化
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241267829
Jordan Laidlaw
The COVID-19 pandemic profoundly impacted the wellbeing of students and teachers around the world. Job demands-resource theory has been an integral theoretical framework to understand how workers navigate strenuous conditions. Further, the study demands-resource model was conceptualized to understand how students’ school-based responsibilities affect their wellbeing and performance. There is a gap, however, in unifying these models to understand how teachers’ and students’ wellbeing are co-influenced by school-based demands and resources. To address this, I conceptualized the school demands-resource model to explore the intersections of this phenomena. Through autoethnography, I reflected upon my own professional practices as a public school music teacher facilitating learning experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic. Findings generated provide new understandings into the intersections of job demands-resources and study demands-resources and how public health regulations impacted music program function. Increased school demands included physical distancing, teaching and learning without singing or movement, and increased sanitation of classroom materials, but were alleviated via successful job/study crafting. School resources were also affected by pandemic-related health protocols, including changes in classroom relationships, school materials, and self-efficacy. Implications for future research include exploring how classroom relationships and job/study crafting may optimize engagement and wellbeing in school music programs.
COVID-19 大流行对全世界师生的福祉产生了深远影响。工作需求-资源理论一直是理解工人如何在艰苦条件下工作的一个不可或缺的理论框架。此外,学习需求-资源模型被概念化,以了解学生的校本责任如何影响他们的福祉和表现。然而,在统一这些模型以理解教师和学生的幸福感如何受到校本需求和资源的共同影响方面还存在差距。为了解决这个问题,我将学校需求-资源模式概念化,以探索这一现象的交叉点。通过自述,我反思了自己作为公立学校音乐教师在 COVID-19 大流行期间促进学习体验的专业实践。研究结果让我对工作需求(资源)和学习需求(资源)的交叉点以及公共卫生法规如何影响音乐课程功能有了新的认识。学校需求的增加包括身体上的距离、没有歌唱或动作的教学和学习,以及教室材料卫生的增加,但通过成功的工作/学习工艺得到了缓解。学校资源也受到了与大流行病相关的卫生协议的影响,包括课堂关系、学校材料和自我效能的变化。未来研究的意义包括探索课堂关系和工作/学习制作如何优化学校音乐课程中的参与度和幸福感。
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives of international teaching assistants on working in music disciplines in American higher education 国际助教对在美国高等教育音乐学科工作的看法
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241268168
Siyu Tian
Previous researchers have identified the barriers faced by international teaching assistants (ITAs), yet few studies have specifically explored these barriers within music disciplines. Teaching assistants at American universities often encounter linguistic and sociocultural challenges, while those working in music schools may face additional obstacles due to the unique nature of the subject. The qualitative research method was used to conduct semi-structured interviews with five individuals who currently were or who had been teaching assistants in music departments of colleges and universities. This study explored the challenges faced by international teaching assistants in terms of communication, language and cultural barriers, differences in teaching methods, and difficulties in balancing learning and teaching. Tutor support became an important resource, but the support resources available varied from university to university. The result of this study highlighted the need for professional music teaching training, regular mentor meetings, and support in the daily work and professional development of international teaching assistants.
以往的研究人员已经指出了国际助教(ITA)面临的障碍,但很少有研究专门探讨音乐学科中的这些障碍。美国大学的助教经常会遇到语言和社会文化方面的挑战,而在音乐学校工作的助教则可能会因学科的特殊性而面临额外的障碍。本研究采用定性研究方法,对五位现任或曾任高校音乐系助教的人员进行了半结构化访谈。这项研究探讨了国际助教在沟通、语言和文化障碍、教学方法差异以及在平衡学习和教学方面遇到的困难等方面所面临的挑战。导师支持成为一项重要资源,但各大学提供的支持资源各不相同。这项研究的结果凸显了国际助教对专业音乐教学培训、定期导师会议以及日常工作和专业发展支持的需求。
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引用次数: 0
Developing the music listening skills test (MLST) for pre-school and elementary school teacher candidates 为学前和小学教师候选人开发音乐聆听技能测试(MLST)
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-07-30 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241268010
Ebru Şen
In this study, it was aimed to develop a music listening skill test for primary school teacher candidates to determine their levels of perception of basic musical structures through listening. A total of 260 teacher candidates studying in the department of primary education (early childhood and elementary education) of a public university in Türkiye formed the study group of the research. KR-20 internal consistency coefficient of the Music Listening Skills Test (MLST) was determined as 0.731. The mean of the item difficulty index of the test is 0.60, and the mean of the item distinctiveness index is 0.38. The MLST consists of a total of 27 questions with 53 listening contents converted into audio files in MP3 format to be played by the practitioner. The MLST can be used as a preliminary assessment tool in studies on the development of musical competencies. In addition, the musical structures in the test content can be handled in the music education processes of teacher candidates. Assessing music listening skills can also make it easier to follow the steps to be followed in the education of teacher candidates. In this way, educational contents can be developed and music education programs can be updated.
本研究旨在为小学师范生开发一种音乐听力技能测试,以确定他们通过听力对基本音乐结构的感知水平。共有 260 名就读于土耳其一所公立大学小学教育系(幼儿教育和小学教育)的师范生组成了研究小组。经测定,音乐聆听技能测试(MLST)的 KR-20 内部一致性系数为 0.731。测验项目难度指数的平均值为 0.60,项目独特性指数的平均值为 0.38。MLST 由总共 27 个问题组成,其中 53 个听力内容已转换成 MP3 格式的音频文件,供练习者播放。MLST 可作为音乐能力发展研究的初步评估工具。此外,测试内容中的音乐结构可在师范生的音乐教育过程中加以处理。对音乐聆听能力的评估还可以使师范生的教育步骤更容易跟上。通过这种方式,可以开发教育内容,更新音乐教育课程。
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引用次数: 0
What does research-led teaching mean for music performance programs? Students and educators perspectives from Swedish higher music education 研究导向型教学对音乐表演课程意味着什么?瑞典高等音乐教育中学生和教育工作者的观点
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-07-28 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241268286
Sam de Boise
Higher music education (HME) institutions, globally, have increasingly been expected to incorporate research into teaching in music performance programs (MPPs). This feature of “musical academization” arguably conflicts with a longstanding focus on the development of practical playing skills as part of a music performance education. Whilst academic literature has outlined how to conduct research supervision in performance programs at universities, the question of how students and educators understand research-led teaching and implementation strategies is lacking. This article highlights challenges to implementing research-led teaching in HME, exploring how research and research-led teaching is understood and implemented in MPPs at a medium sized Swedish university. Drawing on 13 semi-structured interviews with students and educators across different MPPs, it asks: (1) how are research and research-led teaching conceptualized and understood amongst music performance students and educators? and (2) what do students and educators see as the potential of research-led teaching for MPPs specifically? The article divides research in music performance programs into three themes: research as a noun, research-competent educators, and student-centered artistic research. Through this, the article informs discussions relating to implementing research in HME and to demonstrate students and educators’ perspectives on the value of research-led teaching in music performance programs.
全球高等音乐教育(HME)机构越来越多地将研究融入音乐表演课程(MPPs)的教学中。这种 "音乐学术化 "的特点与长期以来音乐表演教育中注重培养实际演奏技能的理念相冲突。虽然学术文献概述了如何在大学表演专业中开展研究督导,但对于学生和教育工作者如何理解研究引导型教学和实施策略的问题却缺乏研究。本文强调了在高等音乐教育中实施研究引导型教学所面临的挑战,探讨了瑞典一所中等规模大学的音乐专业如何理解和实施研究及研究引导型教学。文章通过对不同音乐表演专业的学生和教育工作者进行的 13 次半结构式访谈,提出了以下问题:(1) 音乐表演专业的学生和教育工作者是如何理解研究和研究引导型教学的?文章将音乐表演课程中的研究分为三个主题:作为名词的研究、具有研究能力的教育者以及以学生为中心的艺术研究。通过这些主题,文章为在高等音乐教育中实施研究的相关讨论提供了信息,并展示了学生和教育工作者对音乐表演课程中以研究为主导的教学价值的看法。
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引用次数: 0
‘We hear with our eyes!’ Unlocking tacit knowledge about multisensory music performing 我们用眼睛听开启多感官音乐表演的隐性知识
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241264900
Helen F Mitchell, Diana Blom, Peter Long
Music performance is now recognised as a multisensory experience where both sound and sight contribute to its transmission and reception. The challenge for music education is to disseminate recent performance science research findings in this area into the curriculum using engaging and meaningful strategies. Practice without access to key research does not adequately prepare future music professionals as critical thinkers about, and evaluators of, music performance production and reception by themselves and by others. This study reports on a multisensory experiential learning workshop which aimed to equip university music students with knowledge and skills to capitalise on their inherent perceptual capacities. In doing so, students’ responses demonstrated an understanding of how to unlock tacit knowledge about performing and appropriate music perception skillsets which can be drawn into their own performing.
现在,音乐表演被认为是一种多感官体验,声音和视觉都有助于其传播和接收。音乐教育所面临的挑战是如何利用有吸引力和有意义的策略,在课程中传播该领域最新的表演科学研究成果。在没有接触到关键研究成果的情况下进行实践,并不能充分培养未来的音乐专业人员,使其成为对自己和他人的音乐表演制作和接受进行批判性思考和评估的人。本研究报告介绍了一个多感官体验式学习研讨会的情况,该研讨会旨在让大学音乐专业学生掌握知识和技能,以利用其固有的感知能力。在此过程中,学生们的反应表明,他们了解了如何在自己的表演中发掘有关表演的隐性知识和适当的音乐感知技能。
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引用次数: 0
Investigating the health and wellbeing of music students: Perspectives from schools of music in Switzerland and the UK 调查音乐学生的健康和福祉:瑞士和英国音乐学校的观点
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241262798
Dawn Rose, Karen Burland, Kate Blackstone, Elena Alessandri
It is a strange paradox that whilst music is increasingly considered an important part of health and wellbeing, musicians themselves endure physical and psychological challenges within a competitive industry. We compared music student wellbeing in two higher education schools of music; one in the UK, the other in Switzerland, to explore cultural similarities and differences. The study was completed in German (78%) and English (22%) via an online survey and hard copy using a range of psychometric measures. When using the WHO QoL BREF, we found both schools scored lower than norms for physical and psychological health ( p < .001), but higher than norms for social relations ( p < .01) and the Swiss school also for the environment ( p < .001). Self-efficacy predicted physical health (12.3%) whilst psychological health was predicted by self-efficacy and fixed mindset (23.1%). 95% of participants stated that their institution was at least 20% responsible for the wellbeing. This study suggested more similarities than differences between schools of music in different countries in terms of student wellbeing. Whilst physical and psychological health remain risk areas for musicians, the environment and social culture of the school plays an important supportive role in wellbeing and should be considered when preparing music students for professional life.
音乐越来越被视为健康和幸福的重要组成部分,而音乐家本身却在竞争激烈的行业中经受着身体和心理的挑战,这真是一个奇怪的悖论。我们比较了英国和瑞士两所高等音乐院校音乐专业学生的健康状况,以探索文化上的异同。这项研究通过在线调查和硬拷贝,使用一系列心理测量方法,以德语(78%)和英语(22%)完成。通过使用世界卫生组织的 QoL BREF,我们发现两所学校在生理和心理健康方面的得分都低于标准值(p < .001),但在社会关系方面高于标准值(p < .01),瑞士学校在环境方面也高于标准值(p < .001)。自我效能预测身体健康(12.3%),而自我效能和固定心态预测心理健康(23.1%)。95%的参与者表示,他们所在的机构对他们的健康至少负有 20% 的责任。这项研究表明,不同国家的音乐学校在学生健康方面的相似之处多于不同之处。虽然生理和心理健康仍然是音乐家面临的风险领域,但学校的环境和社会文化对身心健康起着重要的支持作用,在培养音乐学生适应职业生活时应加以考虑。
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引用次数: 0
High-pressure in music education: Understanding the phenomenon and empowering students 音乐教育中的高压:了解这一现象并增强学生的能力
IF 1.8 3区 教育学 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH Pub Date : 2024-07-27 DOI: 10.1177/02557614241265907
Oksana Komarenko, Gerardo Ramirez, Kristie Speirs Neumeister
Music education students frequently encounter high-pressure situations that significantly impact their performance and development. These scenarios, which range from public recitals to evaluative sessions, present both challenges and opportunities for growth. This paper examines the nature of these high-pressure environments and explores their effects on music students. We offer practical strategies and evidence-based techniques specifically designed for music educators. Our objective is to provide a comprehensive resource that equips educators with effective tools to support their students in excelling under pressure.
音乐教育专业的学生经常会遇到对其表现和发展有重大影响的高压情况。这些情景从公开演奏会到评估会议,既是挑战,也是成长的机遇。本文研究了这些高压环境的本质,并探讨了它们对音乐专业学生的影响。我们提供了专为音乐教育工作者设计的实用策略和循证技巧。我们的目标是提供一个全面的资源,让教育工作者掌握有效的工具,帮助学生在压力下取得优异成绩。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
International Journal of Music Education
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