Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1177/00219096231207892
Gladys R. Nera, Tawanda Nyikadzino
Globally, many countries are grappling with educational inequities. Despite the Government of Zimbabwe’s pursuit of universal education since 1980, inequities and poor quality education challenges persist unabated in rural schools. The continuing challenges prompted this study to investigate the factors hampering the realization of equity and quality education in rural communities. The article provides a case-specific account anchored on the lived experiences of rural teachers and school heads in Chipinge central circuit. Drawing on key informant interviews coupled with documentary review, the article revealed a multiplicity of factors, namely, funding, family and community support barriers, child labour and dropouts, child hunger and distance challenges, shortage of teaching resources, shortage of teachers, inadequate physical structures, electricity, among others, that undermine the realization of equity and quality education in rural schools. The article recommends improved government funding and support, digital skills capacity development for rural school teachers and retention strategies for rural teachers. Through such capacity-building interventions, rural schools will have the needed infrastructure, modern technologies and adequately qualified teachers to provide quality education to rural learners.
{"title":"Factors Hampering the Realization of Equity and Quality Education in Zimbabwe’s Rural Schools: Experiences of Chipinge Central Circuit, Manicaland","authors":"Gladys R. Nera, Tawanda Nyikadzino","doi":"10.1177/00219096231207892","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231207892","url":null,"abstract":"Globally, many countries are grappling with educational inequities. Despite the Government of Zimbabwe’s pursuit of universal education since 1980, inequities and poor quality education challenges persist unabated in rural schools. The continuing challenges prompted this study to investigate the factors hampering the realization of equity and quality education in rural communities. The article provides a case-specific account anchored on the lived experiences of rural teachers and school heads in Chipinge central circuit. Drawing on key informant interviews coupled with documentary review, the article revealed a multiplicity of factors, namely, funding, family and community support barriers, child labour and dropouts, child hunger and distance challenges, shortage of teaching resources, shortage of teachers, inadequate physical structures, electricity, among others, that undermine the realization of equity and quality education in rural schools. The article recommends improved government funding and support, digital skills capacity development for rural school teachers and retention strategies for rural teachers. Through such capacity-building interventions, rural schools will have the needed infrastructure, modern technologies and adequately qualified teachers to provide quality education to rural learners.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"12 12","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135972641","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1177/00219096231207885
Ibrahim A. Salawu
There has hardly been any study that focuses on mentorship as a way of bringing more women into the political sphere in Nigeria. This study seeks to find out the role of female politicians in mentoring other aspiring female politicians in Nigeria. It adopts qualitative research methods using interview instrument. Responses were obtained from two female politicians from a purposively sampled population based on their mentorship qualities. The study finds that mentorship activities are restricted because women themselves barely get enough opportunities to enable them to become mentors. It recommends an improvement in mentorship by successful female politicians.
{"title":"Are Female Politicians Interested in Mentoring Female Aspirants? A Study of Selected Female Politicians in Nigeria","authors":"Ibrahim A. Salawu","doi":"10.1177/00219096231207885","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231207885","url":null,"abstract":"There has hardly been any study that focuses on mentorship as a way of bringing more women into the political sphere in Nigeria. This study seeks to find out the role of female politicians in mentoring other aspiring female politicians in Nigeria. It adopts qualitative research methods using interview instrument. Responses were obtained from two female politicians from a purposively sampled population based on their mentorship qualities. The study finds that mentorship activities are restricted because women themselves barely get enough opportunities to enable them to become mentors. It recommends an improvement in mentorship by successful female politicians.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"30 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863406","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1177/00219096231206954
Lomarsh Roopnarine
{"title":"Book Review: Fleeting Agencies: A Social History of Indian Coolie Women in British Malaya","authors":"Lomarsh Roopnarine","doi":"10.1177/00219096231206954","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231206954","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"168 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135862972","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1177/00219096231207891
Mahbubeh Moqadam
The literature on Ali Shariati, “the ideologue’’ of ‘‘the Iranian revolution,” and his arguments about women presents varied views, including rejection, criticism, and confirmation. While this literature is instructive, it primarily interprets Shariati’s texts from today’s socio-political perspective, and it thus lacks an analytical dimension that examines how and why Shariati’s ideas profoundly influenced numerous Iranian women in the 1970s. By revisiting the global and local socio-historical context of the 1970s and analyzing its influence on Iranian society, particularly the youth, as well as on Shariati’s perceptions and ideas about women’s social role within that socio-political context, this paper argues that Shariati crafted a “collective revolutionary Islamic identity” for women. This concept underscores the socio-historical and political significance of Shariati’s arguments about Muslim women in the political setting leading up to the revolution of 1979.
{"title":"Ali Shariati and Crafting a Collective Revolutionary Islamic Identity for Women: A Socio-Historical Perspective","authors":"Mahbubeh Moqadam","doi":"10.1177/00219096231207891","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231207891","url":null,"abstract":"The literature on Ali Shariati, “the ideologue’’ of ‘‘the Iranian revolution,” and his arguments about women presents varied views, including rejection, criticism, and confirmation. While this literature is instructive, it primarily interprets Shariati’s texts from today’s socio-political perspective, and it thus lacks an analytical dimension that examines how and why Shariati’s ideas profoundly influenced numerous Iranian women in the 1970s. By revisiting the global and local socio-historical context of the 1970s and analyzing its influence on Iranian society, particularly the youth, as well as on Shariati’s perceptions and ideas about women’s social role within that socio-political context, this paper argues that Shariati crafted a “collective revolutionary Islamic identity” for women. This concept underscores the socio-historical and political significance of Shariati’s arguments about Muslim women in the political setting leading up to the revolution of 1979.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"218 ","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135863680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1177/00219096231207883
Godfrey Maringira, Simbarashe Gukurume
While social media spaces have been explored, including the understanding of how political activism is enacted on social media and how those spaces have become spaces of political engagement and resistance, the question of the present and politically visible youth on social media remains critical in analysing youth as active political subjects. In this paper, we examine the ways in which authoritarian regimes have been challenged by tech-savvy millennials through social media spaces. We argue that social media spaces are not just spaces of entertainment but political and politicised spaces as well. The cyber activism of youth activists in Africa has made authoritarian regimes rethink political accountability and transparency in their governance systems. Similarly, social media has also compelled authoritarian regimes to respond to issues of political violence and police brutality, which have become commonplace in many African countries such as Zimbabwe. The paper utilises an ethnography of being in the social media space to examine the ways in which political engagement and resistance to authoritarian regimes on social media spaces manifest and are articulated. We assert that social media spaces have created political spaces in which citizens challenge the notion of despositif from below. Thus, regimes of power and knowledge are fluid and can be challenged from below, through social media spaces.
{"title":"Youth Politics of Engagement and Resistance: Agency on Social Media Spaces in Contexts of Crisis","authors":"Godfrey Maringira, Simbarashe Gukurume","doi":"10.1177/00219096231207883","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231207883","url":null,"abstract":"While social media spaces have been explored, including the understanding of how political activism is enacted on social media and how those spaces have become spaces of political engagement and resistance, the question of the present and politically visible youth on social media remains critical in analysing youth as active political subjects. In this paper, we examine the ways in which authoritarian regimes have been challenged by tech-savvy millennials through social media spaces. We argue that social media spaces are not just spaces of entertainment but political and politicised spaces as well. The cyber activism of youth activists in Africa has made authoritarian regimes rethink political accountability and transparency in their governance systems. Similarly, social media has also compelled authoritarian regimes to respond to issues of political violence and police brutality, which have become commonplace in many African countries such as Zimbabwe. The paper utilises an ethnography of being in the social media space to examine the ways in which political engagement and resistance to authoritarian regimes on social media spaces manifest and are articulated. We assert that social media spaces have created political spaces in which citizens challenge the notion of despositif from below. Thus, regimes of power and knowledge are fluid and can be challenged from below, through social media spaces.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136068135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1177/00219096231207880
Ke Zhang, Huibin Zhuang
Same-sex sexuality remains a prevalent taboo in many cultures and societies globally. In the past decade, scholars from various fields have increasingly examined how sexual minorities (SMs) are represented. The present paper contributes to this growing research by addressing two notable gaps. First, since much of the existing research centers on Western contexts, there is limited study on the portrayal of SMs within the Chinese cultural framework. Second, past studies emphasize verbal portrayals, often sidelining the importance of visual representations. This article will report and analyze the photos gathered from two prominent Chinese newspapers, China Daily and Global Times, pertaining to SMs in mainland China. By drawing on Van Leeuwen’s visual social actor network, the article reveals that Chinese SMs most often are visually represented as victims, disguisers, warriors, and elitists. Finally, we explore the socio-cultural influences behind these representation patterns.
{"title":"Visual Representations of Sexual Minorities in Chinese Newspapers","authors":"Ke Zhang, Huibin Zhuang","doi":"10.1177/00219096231207880","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231207880","url":null,"abstract":"Same-sex sexuality remains a prevalent taboo in many cultures and societies globally. In the past decade, scholars from various fields have increasingly examined how sexual minorities (SMs) are represented. The present paper contributes to this growing research by addressing two notable gaps. First, since much of the existing research centers on Western contexts, there is limited study on the portrayal of SMs within the Chinese cultural framework. Second, past studies emphasize verbal portrayals, often sidelining the importance of visual representations. This article will report and analyze the photos gathered from two prominent Chinese newspapers, China Daily and Global Times, pertaining to SMs in mainland China. By drawing on Van Leeuwen’s visual social actor network, the article reveals that Chinese SMs most often are visually represented as victims, disguisers, warriors, and elitists. Finally, we explore the socio-cultural influences behind these representation patterns.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"20 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136103719","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Despite several existing legal provisions to provide equal rights for women and men, Indian women agricultural workers remain restricted from getting their agricultural entitlements due to various socio-cultural reasons including discriminatory gendered norms. The study attempts to understand the accessibility of entitlements among women agricultural workers in the Goalpara district of Assam – the region where women’s dependency on agriculture is overwhelming. The study is based on a mixed-methods approach, using data collected from the field survey. The study reveals that rural agricultural women workers face substantial hindrances in accessing basic agricultural entitlements like land, credit and modern technology, making them socially and economically vulnerable.
{"title":"Accessibility of Entitlements among Women Agricultural Workers: A Case Study from Goalpara District of Assam, India","authors":"Narayan Barman, Pintu Paul, Lakshminarayan Satpati","doi":"10.1177/00219096231206843","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231206843","url":null,"abstract":"Despite several existing legal provisions to provide equal rights for women and men, Indian women agricultural workers remain restricted from getting their agricultural entitlements due to various socio-cultural reasons including discriminatory gendered norms. The study attempts to understand the accessibility of entitlements among women agricultural workers in the Goalpara district of Assam – the region where women’s dependency on agriculture is overwhelming. The study is based on a mixed-methods approach, using data collected from the field survey. The study reveals that rural agricultural women workers face substantial hindrances in accessing basic agricultural entitlements like land, credit and modern technology, making them socially and economically vulnerable.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"144 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135112659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.1177/00219096231200592
Abdul Fahad, Siti Ezaleila Mustafa, Muhammad Luqman
This research paper examines the impact of social media on the perception of religion among young people in Delhi. The study explores the role of religious feelings and religious-political discourse that occur on social media platforms such as Instagram and WhatsApp, an instant messaging platform. The research uses a qualitative method in which interviews with young people in Delhi played a pivotal role in highlighting major aspects of the study. The findings indicate that social media has a significant impact on young people’s perceptions of religion in Delhi. While social media has provided young people with an opportunity to express their religious beliefs and engage in interfaith dialogue, it has also exposed them to extreme religious views and made it easier for political parties to influence their perception of religion and sometimes dehumanise other coreligionists on the basis of their system of belief and cultural context.
{"title":"Religious-Political Discussion on Instagram and WhatsApp and Perception of Religion among Youths in Delhi","authors":"Abdul Fahad, Siti Ezaleila Mustafa, Muhammad Luqman","doi":"10.1177/00219096231200592","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231200592","url":null,"abstract":"This research paper examines the impact of social media on the perception of religion among young people in Delhi. The study explores the role of religious feelings and religious-political discourse that occur on social media platforms such as Instagram and WhatsApp, an instant messaging platform. The research uses a qualitative method in which interviews with young people in Delhi played a pivotal role in highlighting major aspects of the study. The findings indicate that social media has a significant impact on young people’s perceptions of religion in Delhi. While social media has provided young people with an opportunity to express their religious beliefs and engage in interfaith dialogue, it has also exposed them to extreme religious views and made it easier for political parties to influence their perception of religion and sometimes dehumanise other coreligionists on the basis of their system of belief and cultural context.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136032904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.1177/00219096231200588
Yishak Lailulo Abraham, A Sathiya Susuman, Philomene Nsengiyumva
Age at first marriage has a significant effect on birth interval. This study investigates the relationship between age at marriage to birth interval and its associated factors in Ethiopia. The objective of the study is to examine the estimated age at first marriage to first birth interval and its main associated factors by age at first marriage and place of residence in Ethiopia. Data from the Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2011 were used. The Cox proportional hazard model is used to determine the significant factors contributing towards age at marriage to first birth interval in Ethiopia. The findings from the Cox proportional hazard model indicate that age at first marriage, religion, region, educational level and work status are the most important significant covariates of ‘age at first marriage to first birth interval’ in Ethiopia. Age at first marriage of women and their socio-economic factors contribute to differences in first birth interval. On the contrary, in Muslim-dominated regions such as Somali, the time of transition to motherhood is early due to their religious belief.
{"title":"Correlates of Age at Marriage and Birth Interval in Ethiopia: A Survival Analysis","authors":"Yishak Lailulo Abraham, A Sathiya Susuman, Philomene Nsengiyumva","doi":"10.1177/00219096231200588","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231200588","url":null,"abstract":"Age at first marriage has a significant effect on birth interval. This study investigates the relationship between age at marriage to birth interval and its associated factors in Ethiopia. The objective of the study is to examine the estimated age at first marriage to first birth interval and its main associated factors by age at first marriage and place of residence in Ethiopia. Data from the Ethiopia Demographic Health Survey (EDHS) 2011 were used. The Cox proportional hazard model is used to determine the significant factors contributing towards age at marriage to first birth interval in Ethiopia. The findings from the Cox proportional hazard model indicate that age at first marriage, religion, region, educational level and work status are the most important significant covariates of ‘age at first marriage to first birth interval’ in Ethiopia. Age at first marriage of women and their socio-economic factors contribute to differences in first birth interval. On the contrary, in Muslim-dominated regions such as Somali, the time of transition to motherhood is early due to their religious belief.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135996057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study applies geospatial information techniques in the study of the influence of African traditional religion on biodiversity conservation in Anambra East Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Satellite images of the sacred forests captured along with their surrounding environment constitute spatial data sets which were analyzed for land use/land cover changes (LULCC). Results showed that vegetal covers around Udude Onogu and Olio-olio forest shrines decreased by 10.66% and 30.73%, respectively, while built-up areas of the same environment grew by 15.93% and 7.45% between 1980 and 2020. Findings show that the African traditional religious belief system influences biodiversity conservation.
{"title":"The Influence of African Traditional Religion on Biodiversity Conservation in Anambra East LGA of Anambra State, Southeastern, Nigeria: A Geospatial Information System Study","authors":"Uchenna Paulinus Okafor, Godson Chinonyerem Asuoha, Charity Ngozi Uzuegbu, Lilian Chinedu Mba, Christopher Okonkwor Okwor, Chioma Patricia Onuorah, Nkechi Gloria Onah, Omaka Kalu Ngele, Blessing Anuli Okoli, Chukwuemeka Anthony Onyekwelu","doi":"10.1177/00219096231200589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/00219096231200589","url":null,"abstract":"This study applies geospatial information techniques in the study of the influence of African traditional religion on biodiversity conservation in Anambra East Local Government Area of Anambra State, Nigeria. Satellite images of the sacred forests captured along with their surrounding environment constitute spatial data sets which were analyzed for land use/land cover changes (LULCC). Results showed that vegetal covers around Udude Onogu and Olio-olio forest shrines decreased by 10.66% and 30.73%, respectively, while built-up areas of the same environment grew by 15.93% and 7.45% between 1980 and 2020. Findings show that the African traditional religious belief system influences biodiversity conservation.","PeriodicalId":46881,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Asian and African Studies","volume":"118 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136208783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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