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Exploring Message Framing's Impact on Parent-Child Communication about Sport-Related Concussions in Youth Sports 探索信息框架对青少年运动中与运动相关的脑震荡问题亲子沟通的影响
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241287413
Daniel E. Hartman, Brian Quick
Recognizing the pivotal role parents play in shaping their children’s attitudes and behaviors regarding sport-related concussions (SRCs), this study investigates message framing on parents’ intentions to discuss SRCs with their children. More specifically, parents were encouraged to talk to their children about the importance of recognizing SRCs and well as reporting them to their coach. In doing so, one message emphasized the benefits of youth athletes recognizing and reporting SRCs and the other highlighted the barriers. Among 249 parents with a child between the ages of 9 and 15, parents perceived benefits to SRC communication positively predicted communication intentions, while SRC knowledge and barriers had no effect. Knowledge interacted with both barriers and benefits to predict parent communication intentions. The study underscores the importance of carefully crafted messaging promoting parent-child SRC communication, highlighting the need for interventions emphasizing parents to initiate conversations about SRC with their child by highlighting the benefits of child reporting and recognizing SRCs. The results are discussed with an emphasis on the practical implications of these findings with a focus on promotional efforts aimed at parents and youth coaches.
认识到父母在塑造子女对运动相关脑震荡(SRCs)的态度和行为方面起着关键作用,本研究调查了父母与子女讨论 SRCs 的意向的信息框架。更具体地说,研究鼓励家长与子女谈论认识到脑震荡并向教练报告的重要性。在此过程中,一条信息强调了青少年运动员识别和报告 SRC 的好处,另一条信息则强调了其中的障碍。在 249 名子女年龄介于 9 岁至 15 岁之间的家长中,家长对 SRC 沟通益处的认知对沟通意愿有积极的预测作用,而 SRC 知识和障碍则没有影响。知识与障碍和益处相互作用,预测家长的沟通意愿。这项研究强调了精心设计促进亲子 SRC 沟通的信息的重要性,突出了通过强调儿童报告和认识 SRC 的益处来强调父母与子女开展 SRC 对话的干预措施的必要性。研究结果的讨论重点是这些发现的实际意义,重点是针对家长和青少年教练的宣传工作。
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引用次数: 0
Individuals’ Motivations and Engagement With Paralympic Content on Social Media: A Longitudinal Analysis Across Six Summer and Winter Games 社交媒体上残奥会内容的个人动机和参与度:对六届夏季和冬季奥运会的纵向分析
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-24 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241286478
Yoseph Z. Mamo, Justin A. Haegele
Despite the recent growth in Paralympic sport programming and viewership on social media, there remains a limited understanding of social media users’ motivations for consuming and engaging with Paralympic content. Drawing on Uses and Gratifications (U&G) theory, the purpose of this study is to examine the motivations of social media users for consuming Paralympic content and the relationship between different types of motivations and social media engagement. Our data collection spanned six Paralympic Games, both Summer and Winter, from 2012 to 2022, resulting in the analysis of 1,297 tweets from unique X (formerly known as Twitter) users. Findings suggest that the prevalent motives for consuming Paralympics content on X include information, integration and interaction, political stance, empowerment, inspiration, and entertainment. Regarding engagement, inspirational content is most likely to be liked, while integration and interaction, and entertainment are more likely to be retweeted.
尽管近来残奥会体育节目和社交媒体上的观众人数不断增加,但人们对社交媒体用户消费和参与残奥会内容的动机仍然了解有限。本研究借鉴 "使用与满足"(U&G)理论,旨在研究社交媒体用户消费残奥会内容的动机,以及不同类型的动机与社交媒体参与之间的关系。我们的数据收集跨越了从 2012 年到 2022 年的六届夏季和冬季残奥会,分析了来自 X(以前称为 Twitter)独特用户的 1,297 条推文。研究结果表明,在 X 上消费残奥会内容的普遍动机包括信息、融合与互动、政治立场、赋权、激励和娱乐。在参与方面,鼓舞人心的内容最有可能被点赞,而整合与互动和娱乐性内容则更有可能被转发。
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引用次数: 0
Using Psychological Reactance and Bandwagon Cues to Explain High School Sports Coaches’ Resistance to Concussion Communucation Policies 利用心理反应和带队线索解释高中体育教练对脑震荡宣传政策的抵触情绪
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-10 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241281803
Daniel E. Hartman, Gregory Cranmer
Sport-related concussions (SRC) are a significant health risk for athletes amalgamated by issues with underreporting. Coaches play a pivotal role in promoting safety and health, but coach-player SRC communication efforts have been insufficient at improving players’ reporting behaviors. This study considers coaches’ responses to a proposed mandate to engage in SRC communication with athletes via psychological reactance theory (PRT), with bandwagoning cues positioned as a form of social proof that heightens or mitigates persuasion. Two hundred five coaches from 20 distinct sports were exposed to one of four messages addressing a proposed SRC management policy mandating biweekly coach-player communication about SRCs. The message variations incorporated different bandwagon cues (positive, negative, absent, mixed), manipulated through user comments and emoji reactions on a simulated social media environment. Results demonstrate direct and mediated relationships between exposure to negative bandwagon cues, bandwagon perceptions, freedom threat, reactance, and opposition intentions. Our findings provide valuable insights into the dynamics of coaches’ attitudes towards SRC communication in a social media context, bridging gaps in the literature and introducing PRT to the SRC domain.
与运动有关的脑震荡(SRC)对运动员的健康构成重大威胁,同时还存在报告不足的问题。教练在促进安全和健康方面发挥着举足轻重的作用,但教练与运动员之间的 SRC 沟通工作却不足以改善运动员的报告行为。本研究通过心理反应理论(PRT)研究了教练员对与运动员进行 SRC 沟通的建议任务的反应,并将带队线索定位为一种社会证明形式,可提高或降低说服力。来自 20 个不同运动项目的 25 名教练员收到了四条信息中的一条,该信息涉及一项建议的 SRC 管理政策,该政策规定教练员与运动员每两周就 SRC 进行一次沟通。这些不同的信息包含了不同的带动力线索(积极的、消极的、不存在的、混合的),通过用户在模拟社交媒体环境中的评论和表情符号反应进行操纵。研究结果表明,负面带量线索暴露、带量感知、自由威胁、反应和反对意向之间存在直接和中介关系。我们的研究结果为了解教练员在社交媒体环境中对 SRC 沟通的动态态度提供了宝贵的见解,弥补了文献中的空白,并将 PRT 引入了 SRC 领域。
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引用次数: 0
Enhancing Our (Global) Understanding: Reflections on the Need for Reaching Beyond Boundaries 增进我们(对全球)的了解:关于需要超越国界的思考
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-07 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241281190
Marie Hardin, Andrew C. Billings
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引用次数: 0
“Drive to Survive” Drives New Fans to Formula 1? Studying Viewer Experiences of a Sports Documentary and Its Influence on the Sport’s Fandom "生存的动力 "会让新车迷追捧一级方程式赛车吗?研究体育纪录片的观众体验及其对体育爱好者的影响
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-04 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241280209
Dhwanil Shah, Anthony Lamont Williams
This study investigates the influence of the sport docuseries Drive to Survive on Formula 1 fandom. Beyond its added entertainment value, this study was conducted to learn about the docuseries influence in bringing new fans to the sport—along with deepening the connection of existing fans. Semi-structured interviews of twelve participants who watched Netflix’s Formula 1: Drive to Survive docuseries were conducted. The participant pool included both non-Formula 1 fans and Formula 1 fans before watching the docuseries. Social Learning Theory was utilized to understand the ways that participants learned about the sport of Formula 1 through the docuseries. A thematic analysis was used to make sense of the findings, which produced three main themes: facilitates learning, social connections, and dramatization. These factors fostered Formula 1 fandom among participants, with two thirds of the participants crediting the docuseries for their newfound or raised fandom of the sport. Overall, this study provides insights on factors influencing fandom and the positive influence of the docuseries on the sport. Formula 1’s success with Drive to Survive can serve as a case study for other sports looking to expand their global reach and the value of an all-access sports documentary beyond the added entertainment value.
本研究调查了体育专题片《驾驭生存》对一级方程式赛车迷的影响。除了其附加的娱乐价值外,本研究还旨在了解这部纪录片在为这项运动带来新粉丝以及加深现有粉丝之间联系方面的影响。本研究对 12 名观看了 Netflix 的《一级方程式赛车》的参与者进行了半结构式访谈:Drive to Survive》的 12 位参与者进行了半结构式访谈。参与者中既有非一级方程式车迷,也有观看该系列片之前的一级方程式车迷。研究采用了社会学习理论,以了解参与者是如何通过这部纪录片了解一级方程式赛车运动的。我们采用了主题分析法来理解研究结果,得出了三大主题:促进学习、社会联系和戏剧化。这些因素促进了参与者对一级方程式赛车的狂热,三分之二的参与者认为是这部纪录片让他们重新发现或提高了对这项运动的狂热。总之,本研究就影响粉丝的因素以及专题片对这项运动的积极影响提供了见解。一级方程式赛车 "Drive to Survive "的成功可以作为一个案例,供其他希望扩大其全球影响力的体育运动项目参考,并让人们认识到全方位体育纪录片除了增加娱乐价值之外的其他价值。
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引用次数: 0
Examining Discussions Related to Transgender Athletes on Twitter: The Role of Negative Emotion on Message Engagement 研究 Twitter 上与变性运动员有关的讨论:负面情绪对信息参与的作用
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241265969
Christopher Calabrese, Xudong Yu, Yoo Jung Oh
Several states have enacted laws prohibiting transgender athletes from competing in sports that align with their gender identity. The present study seeks to explore the role of negative emotions and their relation to the rise of online discussions surrounding transgender athletes. We examined whether posts expressing anger and fear impacted message engagement through capturing all related posts ( N = 658,207) from September 2017 to September 2022. To determine the stance of tweets that expressed negative emotion, we then conducted a quantitative content analysis of posts expressing anger and fear. Overall, we find that posts expressing anger were associated with increased message engagement, while fear was associated with decreased engagement. Our content analysis revealed that tweets expressing either negative emotion were both in support and in opposition of issues related to transgender athletes. While it may appear that users hold a predominantly negative view towards the topic of transgender athletes due to expressed anger and fear, our study reveals they may in fact have a more diverse range of perspectives on these related issues. Practical implications are discussed.
一些州已颁布法律,禁止变性运动员参加与其性别认同相符的体育比赛。本研究旨在探讨负面情绪的作用及其与围绕变性运动员的在线讨论的兴起之间的关系。我们通过捕捉 2017 年 9 月至 2022 年 9 月期间的所有相关帖子(N = 658,207 条),研究了表达愤怒和恐惧的帖子是否会影响信息的参与度。为了确定表达负面情绪的推文的立场,我们随后对表达愤怒和恐惧的帖子进行了定量内容分析。总体而言,我们发现表达愤怒的帖子与信息参与度增加有关,而表达恐惧的帖子与参与度降低有关。我们的内容分析显示,表达负面情绪的推文既有支持变性运动员问题的,也有反对变性运动员问题的。虽然由于表达了愤怒和恐惧,用户似乎对变性运动员这一话题持有负面的观点,但我们的研究显示,他们实际上可能对这些相关问题持有更多样化的观点。我们还讨论了实际意义。
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引用次数: 0
Displaced and Diminished: How the Placemaking Value of “Being there” Influences Play-By-Play Broadcasters’ Professional Identity 流离与渺小:"身临其境 "的场所价值如何影响 Play-By-Play 广播员的职业认同
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-03 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241279588
Brian A. Petrotta, Travis R. Bell, Lindsey Meeks
Play-by-play (PxP) broadcasters’ routines and professions are in a state of flux. Even before COVID-19 protocols disrupted PxPs’ professional practices, broadcast networks tried to reduce on-site staff to cut costs. After COVID, some teams and networks opted to not send PxPs on the road while others experimented with artificial intelligence or alternative telecasts (e.g., the “Manningcast”). Whereas alternative broadcasts create innovative entertainment, PxPs continue to serve an important and distinct role in sports broadcasts, and often act as the link between teams, fans, and other stakeholders. Interviews with 15 professional PxPs revealed that placemaking processes are a key element of their professional identity. Displacement during the pandemic led to shortterm, yet rapid changes, and potentially long-term effects on their profession. We found that while our study’s timeframe enabled a dissection of pandemic-related obstacles, it ultimately articulated PxPs’ professional uniqueness and speaks to how placemaking influences PxPs’ professional identity. Constraints stemming from COVID-19 protocols reinforced that physical proximity is paramount to the PxP profession, and while temporary shocks can be absorbed, prolonged changes to foundational aspects could negatively alter the profession and those it serves.
解说员(PxP)的日常工作和职业处于不断变化之中。甚至在 COVID-19 协议扰乱 PxP 的职业惯例之前,广播网络就试图减少现场工作人员以降低成本。COVID 之后,一些团队和网络选择不派遣 PxPs 出差,而另一些团队和网络则尝试人工智能或替代性转播(如 "Manningcast")。替代性转播创造了创新的娱乐方式,而 PxPs 则继续在体育转播中发挥着重要而独特的作用,并经常充当球队、球迷和其他利益相关者之间的纽带。对 15 名专业的 PxPs 的访谈显示,场所营造过程是他们职业身份的关键要素。大流行病期间的流离失所导致了短期但迅速的变化,并可能对他们的职业产生长期影响。我们发现,虽然我们的研究的时间框架使我们能够剖析与大流行相关的障碍,但它最终阐明了 PxPs 的专业独特性,并说明了场所营造如何影响 PxPs 的专业身份。COVID-19 协议所带来的限制进一步说明,物理上的接近性对于 PxP 专业来说至关重要,虽然暂时的冲击可以被吸收,但基础方面的长期变化可能会对该专业及其服务对象产生负面影响。
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引用次数: 0
Analysing Credibility of Femvertising Campaigns: A Focus on Colombian Female Athletes 分析女性广告活动的可信度:聚焦哥伦比亚女运动员
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241278742
Javier A. Sánchez-Torres, Carolina López Correa, Francisco-Javier Arroyo-Cañada, Ana Argila-Irurita, Fátima Vila-Márquez
Advertising campaigns featuring female athletes have gained significant importance given the positive implications of gender equality, female empowerment and modern social dynamics, in which women play a crucial role, especially in Western societies. However, advertising campaigns in which female athletes are visible can be perceived by the public as false, sometimes known as woman-washing. This study explores the perception of woman-washing in femvertising-type campaigns—that is, those focused on female athletes. An empirical model is proposed and tested with partial least squares structural equation modelling. The results validate all the hypotheses, demonstrating that factors such as the public’s identification with the athlete, the fit between the athlete and the brand, and brand positioning are of great importance for the credibility of the campaign. The contributions of this paper are novel for sports marketing, femvertising and the planning of advertising campaigns.
鉴于性别平等、女性赋权和现代社会动态的积极意义,特别是在西方社会,女性在其中发挥着至关重要的作用,因此,以女性运动员为主角的广告宣传活动已变得非常重要。然而,有女性运动员参与的广告活动可能会被公众认为是虚假的,有时也被称为 "洗白"(woman-washing)。本研究探讨了在女性广告类型的宣传活动(即以女性运动员为主题的宣传活动)中对 "洗白女性 "的看法。研究提出了一个经验模型,并通过偏最小二乘法结构方程模型进行了检验。结果验证了所有假设,表明公众对运动员的认同感、运动员与品牌之间的契合度以及品牌定位等因素对活动的可信度至关重要。本文对体育营销、女性广告和广告活动策划具有新颖的贡献。
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引用次数: 0
Representatives, Reflection, Roles, and Responsibilities: The Metajournalistic Discourse on the Press Boycott of Naomi Osaka 代表、反思、角色与责任:关于抵制大阪直美的新闻报道的元新闻学论述
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241267948
Lena Maria Küpper
Metajournalism is the term used in communication science to describe the public discussion of journalism. Studies on how reflexive reporting occurs in sports journalism are rare, which is surprising considering the close sports media intertwining. When tennis player Naomi Osaka declared her intention to skip press conferences during the 2021 French Open to raise awareness of the psychological pressures placed on elite athletes, this triggered a sports-related metajournalistic discourse. This study provides a systematic description of this discourse using a qualitative content analysis of 102 online articles in quality, tabloid and sports media. Only minimal self-criticism was found, and journalists primarily attributed the responsibility for the topic of mental health to the system of competitive sports. Unsurprisingly, there are significant differences in the quality and quantity of reporting in the various genres. In every form of media, Osaka’s own representation occupies a significant amount of space. All media genres have a tendency to portray the arguments of non-media representatives, especially those from the tennis world, rather than articulate their own perspectives. This study contributes to the understanding of public negotiation processes regarding roles and responsibilities in sports journalism.
元新闻学(Metajournalism)是传播学中用来描述新闻业公开讨论的术语。关于体育新闻如何进行反思性报道的研究并不多见,考虑到体育媒体的紧密交织,这种研究令人惊讶。当网球运动员大坂直美宣布她打算在 2021 年法国网球公开赛期间不参加新闻发布会,以提高人们对精英运动员所承受的心理压力的认识时,这引发了一场与体育相关的元新闻学讨论。本研究通过对 102 篇优质、小报和体育媒体的在线文章进行定性内容分析,对这一论述进行了系统描述。研究发现,只有极少的自我批评,记者们主要将心理健康话题的责任归咎于竞技体育系统。不难看出,各种类型的报道在质量和数量上都存在显著差异。在每一种媒体形式中,大阪自身的表述都占据了相当大的篇幅。所有类型的媒体都倾向于描绘非媒体代表的论点,尤其是网球界代表的论点,而不是阐述自己的观点。本研究有助于了解体育新闻中有关角色和责任的公共协商过程。
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引用次数: 0
Effects of Cohesion With Teammates on Division-I Student-Athletes’ Mental Health: An Application of the Human Need to Belong and Transactional Stress Frameworks 与队友的凝聚力对一级运动员心理健康的影响:人类归属需求和交易压力框架的应用
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1177/21674795241267197
Gregory A. Cranmer, Emma G. Cox, Rikishi T. Rey, Blair Browning, Leland G. Holbert
Collegiate student-athletes are experiencing an ongoing mental health epidemic, especially concerning anxiety and depression. This study builds upon the meta-theory of the human need to belong and the transactional theory of stress and coping by framing stress as a mediator for the benefits of cohesion between teammates on mental health. Data from 121 Division-I student-athletes demonstrated a fully mediated model whereby task cohesion indirectly benefited anxiety and depression through lower stress levels. Social cohesion, however, was not significantly associated with either stress or anxiety and depression. These findings underscore teammate relationships are appraised as social stimuli and that the lack of shared task approaches and understandings among teammates can be distressing and detract from general well-being. Coaches, athletic departments, and other academic stakeholders may use this information to guide their efforts to lower student-athlete stress through their social relationships with others. This aim can become an emphasis on pre-season training, team meetings, and athlete check-ins.
大学生运动员的心理健康问题一直很严重,尤其是在焦虑和抑郁方面。本研究以人类归属需求元理论和压力与应对的交易理论为基础,将压力设定为队友间凝聚力对心理健康有益的中介因素。来自 121 名甲级联赛学生运动员的数据显示了一个完全中介的模型,即任务凝聚力通过降低压力水平间接有益于焦虑和抑郁。然而,社会凝聚力与压力或焦虑和抑郁都没有显著关联。这些研究结果强调,队友关系被视为一种社会刺激,队友之间缺乏共同的任务方法和理解可能会令人苦恼,并影响整体健康。教练、体育部门和其他学术利益相关者可以利用这些信息来指导他们的工作,通过学生与他人的社交关系来降低学生运动员的压力。这一目标可以成为季前训练、团队会议和运动员检查的重点。
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引用次数: 0
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Communication & Sport
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