With the rapid advancement of technology, esports have become more accessible and widespread on online platforms. The behavior of fans watching live broadcasts online differs from that of those watching on TV or attending stadium events. To understand the online demand for esports, this study examines the determinants of live esports viewership using advanced data from online platforms. We examined game-level data from the League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK) from the summer of 2019 to the summer of 2022. We analyzed four dependent variables representing esports online demands—hours watched, peak views, concurrent average views, and view drops—based on several pre-game (outcome uncertainty and team quality), in-game (game quality and upset result), and schedule-related (evening game) variables. Using two-way least squares dummy variable regression models, we identified the key determinants. The results suggest that outcome uncertainty, team quality, game quality, and evening games significantly impact esports online viewership. In addition, in-game factors, such as the sum and difference in kills between teams, attracted more viewers. This indicates that online viewers prefer games with more kills and a closer kill difference between teams.
{"title":"Determinants of Online Live Esports Viewership With Advanced Data: The Case of League of Legends Champions Korea","authors":"Yoonji Ryu, Jaehyun Jeong, Wonseok Jang, Gyemin Lee, Hyunwoong Pyun","doi":"10.1177/21674795241277051","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241277051","url":null,"abstract":"With the rapid advancement of technology, esports have become more accessible and widespread on online platforms. The behavior of fans watching live broadcasts online differs from that of those watching on TV or attending stadium events. To understand the online demand for esports, this study examines the determinants of live esports viewership using advanced data from online platforms. We examined game-level data from the League of Legends Champions Korea (LCK) from the summer of 2019 to the summer of 2022. We analyzed four dependent variables representing esports online demands—hours watched, peak views, concurrent average views, and view drops—based on several pre-game (outcome uncertainty and team quality), in-game (game quality and upset result), and schedule-related (evening game) variables. Using two-way least squares dummy variable regression models, we identified the key determinants. The results suggest that outcome uncertainty, team quality, game quality, and evening games significantly impact esports online viewership. In addition, in-game factors, such as the sum and difference in kills between teams, attracted more viewers. This indicates that online viewers prefer games with more kills and a closer kill difference between teams.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142045400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1177/21674795241273875
Anina Gächter, Pascal Stegmann, Grazia Lang
With the rise of online media, the Uses and Gratifications approach has experienced a revival in general as well as in sports media research. However, most studies have not considered the variability in online media usage behavior, which indicates a heterogenity in fans’ gratification sought in online media consumption. To account for this heterogenity, this study conducts a cluster analysis based on the Uses and Gratifications approach to segment Swiss football fans according to their motivations for using online media. Further, it analyses how the emerging motivational profiles differ in online media usage and fan identification. The findings suggest that even though information, positive emotions, and entertainment remain the most sought gratifications across all participants, fans can be segmented into four motivational profiles: Football Afficionados, Casual Users, Joy-Seeking Spenders, and Online Media Enthusiasts. These profiles exhibit significant differences in their online media usage behaviour as well as in their fan identification. They, therefore, indicate a need for market segmentation when analysing online media usage motivation in football fans and demonstrate that clubs can achieve greater customer satisfaction by tailoring their online media content to the needs and online media consumption behaviour of their fans.
随着网络媒体的兴起，"使用与满足"（Uses and Gratifications）方法在体育媒体研究中也得到了广泛应用。然而，大多数研究并没有考虑到网络媒体使用行为的差异性，这表明球迷在网络媒体消费中所追求的满足感存在异质性。为了考虑这种异质性，本研究基于 "使用与满足 "方法进行了聚类分析，根据瑞士球迷使用网络媒体的动机对其进行细分。此外，研究还分析了新出现的动机特征在网络媒体使用和球迷认同方面的不同之处。研究结果表明，尽管信息、积极情绪和娱乐仍然是所有参与者最追求的满足感，但球迷可以被划分为四种动机特征：足球迷、休闲用户、快乐追求者和网络媒体发烧友。这些类型的球迷在网络媒体使用行为和球迷身份认同方面存在明显差异。因此，这些研究表明，在分析球迷使用网络媒体的动机时，需要对市场进行细分，并证明俱乐部可以通过根据球迷的需求和网络媒体消费行为定制网络媒体内容，获得更高的客户满意度。
{"title":"A Uses and Gratifications-Based Market Segmentation Approach to Football Fans’ Online Media Usage Motivation","authors":"Anina Gächter, Pascal Stegmann, Grazia Lang","doi":"10.1177/21674795241273875","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241273875","url":null,"abstract":"With the rise of online media, the Uses and Gratifications approach has experienced a revival in general as well as in sports media research. However, most studies have not considered the variability in online media usage behavior, which indicates a heterogenity in fans’ gratification sought in online media consumption. To account for this heterogenity, this study conducts a cluster analysis based on the Uses and Gratifications approach to segment Swiss football fans according to their motivations for using online media. Further, it analyses how the emerging motivational profiles differ in online media usage and fan identification. The findings suggest that even though information, positive emotions, and entertainment remain the most sought gratifications across all participants, fans can be segmented into four motivational profiles: Football Afficionados, Casual Users, Joy-Seeking Spenders, and Online Media Enthusiasts. These profiles exhibit significant differences in their online media usage behaviour as well as in their fan identification. They, therefore, indicate a need for market segmentation when analysing online media usage motivation in football fans and demonstrate that clubs can achieve greater customer satisfaction by tailoring their online media content to the needs and online media consumption behaviour of their fans.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"37 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142042530","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-22DOI: 10.1177/21674795241268130
Ever Josue Figueroa, Vincent Peña, Krishnan Vasudevan
Daniel Bryan’s WWE Championship reign, from November 13, 2018, to April 7, 2019, provides an interesting case study to analyze the intersection of politics, mediated sport, neoliberalism, and colorblind ideology in professional wrestling storylines. This study conducts uses textual analysis to uncover how WWE utilized Bryan’s reign to communicate ideologies in their weekly programming. The findings suggest that Bryan’s persona as a villainous leftist “heel,” symbolically positions left-wing politics as antagonistic to the neoliberal values exercised in sports media. Bryan’s defeat at the hands of African wrestler Kofi Kingston, reifies colorblind ideology and neoliberalism through the aesthetics of mediated sport.
丹尼尔-布莱恩在2018年11月13日至2019年4月7日期间卫冕WWE冠军，为分析职业摔跤故事情节中政治、媒介体育、新自由主义和色盲意识形态的交集提供了一个有趣的案例研究。本研究通过文本分析，揭示了 WWE 如何利用布莱恩的统治在每周节目中传播意识形态。研究结果表明，布莱恩作为左派 "脚后跟 "的反派角色，象征性地将左翼政治与体育媒体中的新自由主义价值观对立起来。布莱恩败于非洲摔跤手科菲-金斯顿（Kofi Kingston）之手，通过体育媒体的美学再现了色盲意识形态和新自由主义。
{"title":"“The Planet’s Champion” Daniel Bryan: How WWE Uses Sport, Neoliberalism and Colorblind Ideology in Professional Wrestling Narratives","authors":"Ever Josue Figueroa, Vincent Peña, Krishnan Vasudevan","doi":"10.1177/21674795241268130","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241268130","url":null,"abstract":"Daniel Bryan’s WWE Championship reign, from November 13, 2018, to April 7, 2019, provides an interesting case study to analyze the intersection of politics, mediated sport, neoliberalism, and colorblind ideology in professional wrestling storylines. This study conducts uses textual analysis to uncover how WWE utilized Bryan’s reign to communicate ideologies in their weekly programming. The findings suggest that Bryan’s persona as a villainous leftist “heel,” symbolically positions left-wing politics as antagonistic to the neoliberal values exercised in sports media. Bryan’s defeat at the hands of African wrestler Kofi Kingston, reifies colorblind ideology and neoliberalism through the aesthetics of mediated sport.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"3 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-08-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142042531","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-25DOI: 10.1177/21674795241266804
Peter English, David Fleischman, Rory Mulcahy, Lenny Vance, Aaron Tham, Merryn Sherwood
Brisbane will stage a more regionally focused Olympics and Paralympics in 2032 when it follows in the footsteps of a series of mega-city hosts. In this new environment, in which there are challenges finding nations willing even to bid for the event, it is important to understand how sentiment is expressed towards this Games edition, which is being promoted as delivering a sustainable legacy while experiencing different demands, levels of buzz, and risks than previous hosts. This study examines audience emotions towards Brisbane 2032 across 60,929 messages and posts from Facebook, Twitter, Reddit and online media articles between 2021 and 2023. The results highlight positive sentiment overall and outline key themes that the community perceive to be important. However, the findings also indicate early concerns and levels of anxiety towards elements of the Games. The multi-layered analytical approach of this study ensures it progresses beyond general judgements on positive and negative sentiment, providing a more nuanced understanding of emotions towards Brisbane 2032.
{"title":"The Buzz of Brisbane 2032: Themes of Online and Social Media Olympic Sentiment","authors":"Peter English, David Fleischman, Rory Mulcahy, Lenny Vance, Aaron Tham, Merryn Sherwood","doi":"10.1177/21674795241266804","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241266804","url":null,"abstract":"Brisbane will stage a more regionally focused Olympics and Paralympics in 2032 when it follows in the footsteps of a series of mega-city hosts. In this new environment, in which there are challenges finding nations willing even to bid for the event, it is important to understand how sentiment is expressed towards this Games edition, which is being promoted as delivering a sustainable legacy while experiencing different demands, levels of buzz, and risks than previous hosts. This study examines audience emotions towards Brisbane 2032 across 60,929 messages and posts from Facebook, Twitter, Reddit and online media articles between 2021 and 2023. The results highlight positive sentiment overall and outline key themes that the community perceive to be important. However, the findings also indicate early concerns and levels of anxiety towards elements of the Games. The multi-layered analytical approach of this study ensures it progresses beyond general judgements on positive and negative sentiment, providing a more nuanced understanding of emotions towards Brisbane 2032.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"58 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141764031","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-24DOI: 10.1177/21674795241264966
Andrew C. Billings, Marie Hardin
{"title":"Sports Issues for the Ages: Life Span and Career Span Narratives Ingrained in Sports Culture","authors":"Andrew C. Billings, Marie Hardin","doi":"10.1177/21674795241264966","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241264966","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"102 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141755276","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-07-20DOI: 10.1177/21674795241265008
Molly Harry
From 2020 to 2024, the United States Congress held 11 hearings pertaining to name, image, and likeness (NIL). Various stakeholder groups have participated in these hearings including Congress and those looking to “maintain” or “disrupt” college sport and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Despite the significance of NIL to college athletics, limited research has examined these hearings and the messages communicated within them. Thus, critical discourse analysis and agenda setting theory were used to shed light on the language surrounding NIL through the Congressional hearings. Findings demonstrate the aforementioned groups’—Congress, “Maintainers,” and “Disruptors”—used narrative framing and topic selection, resulting in conflicting agendas and mixed messaging. Implications include improved communicative and political strategies for NIL stakeholders, enhanced NIL education for college athletes, and the extension of agenda setting theory to sport communication.
{"title":"“You Don’t Want Us to Solve This”: Agenda Setting in the Federal Hearings on Name, Image, and Likeness","authors":"Molly Harry","doi":"10.1177/21674795241265008","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241265008","url":null,"abstract":"From 2020 to 2024, the United States Congress held 11 hearings pertaining to name, image, and likeness (NIL). Various stakeholder groups have participated in these hearings including Congress and those looking to “maintain” or “disrupt” college sport and the National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA). Despite the significance of NIL to college athletics, limited research has examined these hearings and the messages communicated within them. Thus, critical discourse analysis and agenda setting theory were used to shed light on the language surrounding NIL through the Congressional hearings. Findings demonstrate the aforementioned groups’—Congress, “Maintainers,” and “Disruptors”—used narrative framing and topic selection, resulting in conflicting agendas and mixed messaging. Implications include improved communicative and political strategies for NIL stakeholders, enhanced NIL education for college athletes, and the extension of agenda setting theory to sport communication.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141732627","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-21DOI: 10.1177/21674795241251753
Jeongbeom Hahm, Rei Yamashita
This study explores the factors influencing satellite sport fans’ social media engagement, focusing on Japanese National Basketball Association (NBA) fans. Using the technology acceptance model and Brand Respect Scale, we analyzed the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perceived trustworthiness on social media stickiness and investigated the mediating roles of brand trust, brand performance, brand acceptance, and brand reputation. A partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis of data from 813 Japanese NBA fans revealed that perceived usefulness and enjoyment significantly affected social media stickiness, while perceived trustworthiness indirectly influenced this stickiness through brand trust and acceptance. The study advances the theoretical understanding of social media behavior among satellite sport fans and provides practical implications for optimizing social media strategies to enhance fan engagement. Our findings offer valuable insights for sport teams and organizations seeking to strengthen their connection with geographically distant fans. In addition, this research paves the way for future studies to encompass diverse age groups, sports, and regions to offer a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing satellite sport fans’ social media engagement.
本研究以日本国家篮球协会（NBA）球迷为研究对象，探讨了卫星体育迷参与社交媒体的影响因素。我们使用技术接受模型和品牌尊重量表，分析了感知有用性、感知愉悦性和感知可信性对社交媒体粘性的影响，并研究了品牌信任、品牌绩效、品牌接受度和品牌声誉的中介作用。通过对 813 名日本 NBA 球迷的数据进行偏最小二乘法结构方程建模分析，发现感知有用性和愉悦感对社交媒体粘性有显著影响，而感知可信度则通过品牌信任度和接受度间接影响这种粘性。这项研究推进了对卫星体育迷社交媒体行为的理论理解，并为优化社交媒体战略以提高球迷参与度提供了实际意义。我们的研究结果为寻求加强与地理位置遥远的球迷之间联系的运动队和组织提供了宝贵的见解。此外，这项研究还为未来的研究铺平了道路，使其涵盖不同年龄段、不同运动项目和不同地区，从而更全面地了解影响卫星运动粉丝参与社交媒体的因素。
{"title":"Japanese National Basketball Association Fans and Social Media Acceptance: Exploring the Role of Brand Respect","authors":"Jeongbeom Hahm, Rei Yamashita","doi":"10.1177/21674795241251753","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241251753","url":null,"abstract":"This study explores the factors influencing satellite sport fans’ social media engagement, focusing on Japanese National Basketball Association (NBA) fans. Using the technology acceptance model and Brand Respect Scale, we analyzed the effects of perceived usefulness, perceived enjoyment, and perceived trustworthiness on social media stickiness and investigated the mediating roles of brand trust, brand performance, brand acceptance, and brand reputation. A partial least squares structural equation modeling analysis of data from 813 Japanese NBA fans revealed that perceived usefulness and enjoyment significantly affected social media stickiness, while perceived trustworthiness indirectly influenced this stickiness through brand trust and acceptance. The study advances the theoretical understanding of social media behavior among satellite sport fans and provides practical implications for optimizing social media strategies to enhance fan engagement. Our findings offer valuable insights for sport teams and organizations seeking to strengthen their connection with geographically distant fans. In addition, this research paves the way for future studies to encompass diverse age groups, sports, and regions to offer a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing satellite sport fans’ social media engagement.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"16 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-05-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141079307","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-26DOI: 10.1177/21674795241249142
Patrick Crowe, Vincent Peña
Sports media research has often found that athletes are depicted differently based on stereotypes attached to their racialized bodies, and often along a Black/white racial binary. Furthermore, Black men often receive more and harsher penalties for drug use compared to all other racial and gender categories. Using critical discourse analysis, this study explores how NFL athletes who either openly admitted to using illicit drugs or failed National Football League (NFL)-mandated drug tests were covered by sports media. Four NFL athletes (two Black, two white) were selected based on their prominence — Josh Gordon, Randy Gregory, Chris Long, and Aaron Rodgers. The findings tell us that the selected Black athletes were often demonized in coverage by being portrayed as addicts or criminals and objectified as commodities whose value rose and fell with each suspension/return. Additionally, journalists often deployed neoliberal logics to both criticize and defend Black and white athletes. The white athletes in the study were portrayed as intellectuals looking to challenge the NFL’s authority, “good person(s),” and went unpunished for their drug admittance. This study finds that monolithic coverage of athletes is not fair, however the stereotypical notions of the Black/white binary are present when analyzing media discourse on athletic drug use.
{"title":"Playing (& Smoking) by the Rules: Sport Media’s Racialized Coverage of Athlete Drug Use","authors":"Patrick Crowe, Vincent Peña","doi":"10.1177/21674795241249142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241249142","url":null,"abstract":"Sports media research has often found that athletes are depicted differently based on stereotypes attached to their racialized bodies, and often along a Black/white racial binary. Furthermore, Black men often receive more and harsher penalties for drug use compared to all other racial and gender categories. Using critical discourse analysis, this study explores how NFL athletes who either openly admitted to using illicit drugs or failed National Football League (NFL)-mandated drug tests were covered by sports media. Four NFL athletes (two Black, two white) were selected based on their prominence — Josh Gordon, Randy Gregory, Chris Long, and Aaron Rodgers. The findings tell us that the selected Black athletes were often demonized in coverage by being portrayed as addicts or criminals and objectified as commodities whose value rose and fell with each suspension/return. Additionally, journalists often deployed neoliberal logics to both criticize and defend Black and white athletes. The white athletes in the study were portrayed as intellectuals looking to challenge the NFL’s authority, “good person(s),” and went unpunished for their drug admittance. This study finds that monolithic coverage of athletes is not fair, however the stereotypical notions of the Black/white binary are present when analyzing media discourse on athletic drug use.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"151 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140651826","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-20DOI: 10.1177/21674795241247770
Olan Kees Martin Scott, Michael Van Bussel, Bo (Norman) Li, Adam T. Pappas, Gillian Golosky, Victoria Dewar
This study explored how nationalism was perpetuated by the Seven Network’s broadcasting of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games during a time, in which much of Australia was in various forms of Covid-19 lockdowns. Self-categorization theory was used to analyze all the primetime coverage of the Seven Network’s main channel for name mentions, description of success or failure, and personality and physicality of the Olympians. Results of this study underscore large differences in the way in which the Seven Network portrayed Australian and non-Australian athletes. Whilst the majority of the top-20 most-mentioned athletes list were Australian, non-Australian athletes received the bulk of the name mentions. There were also differences in the ways in which Australian and non-Australian athletes’ success and failure were portrayed. This study contributes to the literature by uncovering how a major sporting event was covered by a national broadcaster during the Covid-19 pandemic and shows that Australian media catered its coverage to its home audience, who were in lockdowns. Thus, interest and viewership of the Tokyo Olympics was high, which might have been the impetus for the Seven Network to create a largely partisan program.
{"title":"Telecasting Tokyo to a Locked Down Nation: Australian Broadcast Coverage of the 2020 Olympic Summer Games","authors":"Olan Kees Martin Scott, Michael Van Bussel, Bo (Norman) Li, Adam T. Pappas, Gillian Golosky, Victoria Dewar","doi":"10.1177/21674795241247770","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1177/21674795241247770","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored how nationalism was perpetuated by the Seven Network’s broadcasting of the 2020 Tokyo Olympic Games during a time, in which much of Australia was in various forms of Covid-19 lockdowns. Self-categorization theory was used to analyze all the primetime coverage of the Seven Network’s main channel for name mentions, description of success or failure, and personality and physicality of the Olympians. Results of this study underscore large differences in the way in which the Seven Network portrayed Australian and non-Australian athletes. Whilst the majority of the top-20 most-mentioned athletes list were Australian, non-Australian athletes received the bulk of the name mentions. There were also differences in the ways in which Australian and non-Australian athletes’ success and failure were portrayed. This study contributes to the literature by uncovering how a major sporting event was covered by a national broadcaster during the Covid-19 pandemic and shows that Australian media catered its coverage to its home audience, who were in lockdowns. Thus, interest and viewership of the Tokyo Olympics was high, which might have been the impetus for the Seven Network to create a largely partisan program.","PeriodicalId":46882,"journal":{"name":"Communication & Sport","volume":"5 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2024-04-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140622849","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-10DOI: 10.1177/21674795241243374
Yoseph Z. Mamo, Christos Anagnostopoulos, Simon Chadwick, Damon P. S. Andrew
This study examines the public’s perceptions of a speech delivered by FIFA’s president in a press conference one day before the Qatar 2022 FIFA Men’s World Cup. In total, 34,714 publicly available user responses were collected from news media YouTube channels in North America, Europe, and Asia, as well as from Twitter hashtags related to the press conference. This user-generated content was analyzed using sentiment analysis to determine the degree of positivity or negativity, followed by qualitative thematic analysis to identify specific factors influencing public perceptions of Infantino’s speech, including both positive and negative aspects. The results suggested that FIFA’s communication was “debated” due to questions and challenges posed by the public. It is noted, however, that the magnitude of negative and positive evaluations varied according to the medium used and the region. Negative evaluations related to ‘hypocrisy’, ‘lack of transparency’, and ‘diplomatic hedging’, whereas positive evaluations related to ‘symbolic communication’, ‘activist governance’, and ‘cultural appropriateness’. Using the public as a resource for institutional evaluation, this research contributes to the scholarship of sport management by analyzing the impact of communication on an organization’s moral legitimacy.
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