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The Influence of North American Ownership on the Business, Management, and Communication Model of Spanish Professional Football: A Case Study of Real Club Deportivo Mallorca (2016–2021) 北美所有权对西班牙职业足球商业、管理和沟通模式的影响——以马略卡皇家足球俱乐部为例(2016-2021)
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-06-03 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221106118
X. Ginesta, N. I. Faedo
The objective of this article is to analyze the changes in the management model of RCD Mallorca, a LaLiga football club, with the arrival of a new, North American majority shareholder (ACQ Legacy Partners LLC) in 2016. It also analyzes journalists’ perception of the new ownership. Our method is a case study design, using qualitative methodological triangulation: a focus group discussion with non-sports executives of the entity, non-participant observation, in-depth interviews with the CEO of RCD Mallorca and its Director of Communication, as well as semi-structured interviews with journalists that regularly cover the club’s information. The results show how the club has developed its management model from one focused on the short-term to a rational and analytical one that incorporates long-term planning. Meanwhile, journalists criticize that they are experiencing a process of disintermediation, since the club ends up competing with them in content creation thanks to the potential of the new digital environment.
本文的目的是分析随着2016年新的北美大股东(ACQ Legacy Partners LLC)的到来,西甲足球俱乐部RCD Mallorca管理模式的变化。它还分析了记者对新所有权的看法。我们的方法是案例研究设计,使用定性方法三角测量:与实体的非体育高管进行焦点小组讨论,非参与者观察,对马略卡刚果民盟首席执行官及其传播总监进行深入采访,以及对定期报道俱乐部信息的记者进行半结构化采访。研究结果表明,俱乐部是如何将其管理模式从专注于短期发展为理性和分析的长期规划模式的。与此同时,记者们批评说,他们正在经历一个去中介化的过程,因为由于新数字环境的潜力,俱乐部最终在内容创作方面与他们竞争。
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引用次数: 0
On the “Basketball Africa League”: Framing Analysis of the Broadcast Commentary of an African Professional Basketball League 论“篮球非洲联赛”——一个非洲职业篮球联赛转播解说的框架分析
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-06-02 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221103408
Kelsey Slater, L. Burch, Matthew H. Zimmerman
The inaugural season of the National Basketball Association–supported Basketball Africa League (BAL) featured 12 teams from the African continent, competing in a Champions League-style competition. This brand-new professional endeavor featured player rosters mandated to feature a certain number of players from each of the countries in which the individual teams were based, with rosters also including a small number of foreign players. Proceeding from a Framing Theory paradigm, two coders examined the broadcasts of the BAL competition, analyzing for descriptors including physicality, intelligence, nationality, and experience. Most descriptors pertained to athlete success or failure, with significant findings for most descriptors between nationalities. Ideas for future research are also discussed.
国家篮球协会支持的非洲篮球联赛(BAL)的第一个赛季有来自非洲大陆的12支球队参加了冠军联赛式的比赛。这项全新的职业努力的特点是,球员名单上必须有来自各个球队所在国家的一定数量的球员,名单上也包括少数外国球员。从框架理论范式出发,两位编码员检查了BAL比赛的广播,分析了包括身体素质、智力、国籍和经验在内的描述符。大多数描述符与运动员的成功或失败有关,大多数描述符在国籍之间都有显著的发现。还讨论了未来研究的思路。
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引用次数: 0
Sports Journalism Content When No Sports Occur: Framing Athletics Amidst the COVID-19 International Pandemic. 没有体育活动时的体育新闻内容:新冠肺炎国际大流行病中的体育框架。
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-06-01 DOI: 10.1177/21674795211001937
Sean R Sadri, Nicholas R Buzzelli, Patrick Gentile, Andrew C Billings

On March 11, 2020, the National Basketball Association suspended its season after a player tested positive for COVID-19. Within days, the rest of the sports world similarly suspended play in the wake of the pandemic. This study focuses on sports media storytelling when covering athletic competition was no longer an option. Utilizing four distinct time periods and framing theory as the foundation of our theoretical framework, the content analysis examined shifts from the normal reporting routine and how those shifts morphed as pandemic information dictated. As the pandemic grew more widespread, health and safety became the predominant focus of national sports media. In spring 2020, sports news experienced a significant shift in coverage as economic and fairness frames were replaced with health, safety, and quality of life as the principal frames in the coded articles. By pinpointing the major differences in coverage across time, the study revealed that sports content and frames quickly shifted to reflect the perceived severity to the global health community, while the sources used in those articles stayed largely the same. The theoretical and applied implications of the study are discussed.

2020年3月11日,在一名球员新冠肺炎检测呈阳性后,美国国家篮球协会暂停了本赛季。几天之内,在疫情爆发后,体育界其他地区也同样暂停了比赛。当报道体育比赛不再是一种选择时,这项研究的重点是体育媒体的故事讲述。内容分析利用四个不同的时间段和框架理论作为我们理论框架的基础,研究了正常报告程序的变化,以及这些变化是如何随着疫情信息的变化而变化的。随着疫情的蔓延,健康和安全成为国家体育媒体的主要关注点。2020年春季,随着经济和公平框架被健康、安全和生活质量作为编码文章的主要框架所取代,体育新闻的报道发生了重大转变。通过指出不同时间报道的主要差异,该研究表明,体育内容和框架很快发生了变化,以反映全球卫生界所感知的严重程度,而这些文章中使用的来源基本保持不变。讨论了该研究的理论和应用意义。
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引用次数: 8
Mediatization and Self-Organized Leisure Sports: A Finnish Perspective 媒介化与自组织休闲运动:芬兰视角
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221095042
Veera Ehrlén
Participation in leisure sports is undergoing a transformation that is guided by societal and cultural changes as well as recent developments in, and the use of, digital sports media and technologies. This paper discusses how changes in leisure sports participation can be understood using mediatization as a theoretical framework. This theoretically informed analysis of change is contextualized within Finnish climbing and trail running subcultures. The paper proposes that mediatization contributes to the diversification of the sporting landscape, enables fluidity in sports communities, and strengthens commercialization of leisure sports. Additionally, the paper outlines how the dynamics of de- and reinstitutionalization of leisure sports are connected to the rise of digital media and communication.
在社会和文化变化以及数字体育媒体和技术的最新发展和使用的指导下,休闲体育的参与正在经历一场变革。本文讨论了如何利用中介作用作为理论框架来理解休闲体育参与的变化。这种对变化的理论分析是在芬兰攀岩和越野跑亚文化中进行的。本文提出,中介化有助于体育景观的多样化,使体育社区具有流动性,并加强休闲体育的商业化。此外,本文还概述了休闲体育的去制度化和再制度化的动态如何与数字媒体和通信的兴起联系在一起。
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引用次数: 0
A Public Service? Mediatization of the Olympic Games in Croatia and Slovenia 公共服务?克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚奥运会的调解
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221090423
Simon Ličen, Dunja Antunovic, Sunčica Bartoluci
The Olympic Games are the largest mediated sporting mega-event, and broadcasters are instrumental in ensuring their exposure and financial viability. In the digital era, the Olympics navigate technological and societal changes that contest the values of sport, carry political and economic implications, and shape the relationship between the organizers and nation states. These interdependencies vary by global regions. This study examines the mediatization of sport as manifested in digital Olympic content published on Facebook during the Tokyo Olympics by public service media (PSM) in Croatia and Slovenia—two countries inconsistently assigned to either Central and Eastern Europe or Southeast Europe. These PSM face a host of challenges, including rising media rights costs, digitalization, and political interference, while continuing to broadcast the Olympics. On their Facebook pages, contest-related updates were the primary type of content, general news and especially human interest content was rare, critical posts were virtually non-existent, and “home” athletes were politicized conspicuously. Mediatization in this region seems delayed, facilitates event-focused and decontextualized sport content, and appears central in promoting patriotic narratives. On social media, broadcasters perpetuate problematic practices characteristic of sport media and only partially fulfill the roles traditionally ascribed to PSM.
奥运会是最大的大型体育赛事,广播公司在确保其曝光率和财务可行性方面发挥了重要作用。在数字时代,奥运会引领着与体育价值观相竞争的技术和社会变革,带来政治和经济影响,并塑造了组织者与民族国家之间的关系。这些相互依存关系因全球区域而异。这项研究考察了克罗地亚和斯洛文尼亚的公共服务媒体(PSM)在东京奥运会期间在脸书上发布的数字奥运内容中表现出的体育中介作用,这两个国家不一致地被分配到中欧和东欧或东南欧。这些PSM在继续转播奥运会的同时,面临着一系列挑战,包括媒体版权成本上升、数字化和政治干预。在他们的脸书页面上,与比赛相关的更新是主要类型的内容,一般新闻,尤其是人类感兴趣的内容很少,批评性帖子几乎不存在,“主场”运动员明显被政治化。该地区的调解似乎被推迟了,促进了以事件为中心和去文本化的体育内容,并似乎是促进爱国叙事的核心。在社交媒体上,广播公司延续了体育媒体特有的问题做法,只部分履行了传统上赋予PSM的角色。
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引用次数: 3
Video Assistant Referee in a Small-Nation Context: Intensified Mediatization 小国背景下的视频助理裁判:强化调解
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-05-06 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221090425
K. Frandsen, Kirstine Landgrebe
Using the Danish Superliga as a case, this article explores how football’s implementation of a video assistant referee (VAR) instigates complex processes of change which imply not only a further decrease in football’s institutional autonomy, but also intensifies inequality. It is argued that the implementation has to be seen from the perspective of professional football’s historical relationship with broadcast television; however, implementation of VAR represents a qualitative shift in the digital age, in which football’s dependence on media reaches a new functional level. André Jansson’s critical conceptualization of mediatization as transactional, ritual, and functional dependence is used as a framework for exploring how values, roles, and practices are under transformation among players, coach/managers, and referees. The analysis illustrates how the small-nation context, existing national and international hegemonic structures, and inequalities in combination with media logic and economics play a significant role and influence ongoing renegotiations of values and practices among these key actors. It also shows how refereeing is becoming much more complex with VAR, moving the pressure to the new role as video assistant referee, creating dilemmas in the team of referees and changing the authority of the referee from an individual into a more collective matter.
本文以丹麦超级联赛为例,探讨了足球比赛中视频助理裁判(VAR)的实施如何引发复杂的变化过程,这不仅意味着足球的制度自主权进一步降低,而且加剧了不平等。有人认为,必须从职业足球与广播电视的历史关系的角度来看待其实施;然而,VAR的实施代表着数字时代的质的转变,在这个时代,足球对媒体的依赖达到了一个新的功能水平。AndréJansson将中介化定义为交易、仪式和功能依赖,这一批判性概念被用作探索球员、教练/经理和裁判之间价值观、角色和实践如何转变的框架。该分析说明了小国背景、现有的国家和国际霸权结构以及不平等与媒体逻辑和经济学相结合如何发挥重要作用,并影响这些关键行为者之间正在进行的价值观和做法的重新谈判。它还表明,VAR使裁判变得更加复杂,将压力转移到视频助理裁判的新角色上,在裁判团队中制造困境,并将裁判的权威从个人变成更集体的事情。
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引用次数: 3
This Means More: Branded Solidarity at Liverpool’s Soccer Clubs 这意味着更多:利物浦足球俱乐部的品牌团结
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-05-04 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221092034
C. Henderson, Thomas P. Oates
Liverpool’s elite soccer clubs are at once carefully managed global brands and local institutions infused with community values. As billion-dollar companies, Liverpool FC and Everton FC deploy a tactic we call “branded solidarity”: leveraging the historical enactment of leftist politics in the city to appeal to a broader, global audience through value-laden marketing campaigns that frame the clubs as authentic representations of working-class solidarity. By reducing local traditions to marketable symbols of community, the clubs encounter resistance from fans, who periodically place limits on the capitalist endeavors of the clubs. In this paper, we offer a conjunctural analysis that focuses on the tensions and contradictions of branded solidarity through a close reading of each club’s marketing campaigns and discusses how these tensions played a role in the demise of the short-lived European Super League.
利物浦的精英足球俱乐部同时也是精心管理的全球品牌和融入社区价值观的地方机构。作为价值数十亿美元的公司,利物浦足球俱乐部和埃弗顿足球俱乐部采用了一种我们称之为“品牌团结”的策略:利用该市左翼政治的历史发展,通过充满价值的营销活动吸引更广泛的全球受众,将俱乐部塑造成工人阶级团结的真实代表。通过将当地传统简化为社区的市场象征,俱乐部遇到了球迷的抵制,他们定期限制俱乐部的资本主义努力。在本文中,我们通过仔细阅读每家俱乐部的营销活动,重点分析了品牌团结的紧张关系和矛盾,并讨论了这些紧张关系如何在短命的欧洲超级联赛的消亡中发挥作用。
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引用次数: 0
Paralympic Broadcasting in Sub-Saharan Africa: Sport, Media and Communication for Social Change 撒哈拉以南非洲残奥会广播:体育、媒体和传播促进社会变革
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-04-30 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221093722
Jessica Noske-Turner, E. Pullen, M. Magalasi, D. Haslett, J. Tacchi
The purpose of this commentary is to discuss how Paralympic coverage in sub-Saharan Africa can be effectively mobilised to stimulate discursive and structural change around disability. Paralympic coverage has demonstrated its pedagogical power to engage public(s) and challenge stigma toward disability. Yet, the Global picture of Paralympic broadcasting is deeply uneven, with audiences in parts of the Global South afforded limited opportunities to watch the Games. Considering this, the International Paralympic Committee has begun to broadcast Paralympic coverage across sub-Saharan Africa with an explicit aim to challenge stigma toward disability. In this article, we draw on examples from research to argue that ideas from the field of Communication for Social Change (CfSC) can add value towards this aim. We begin by providing a brief overview of CfSC before critically examining one of the field’s key concepts – Communicative (E)ecologies. Following this, we critically reflect on the potential of Paralympic broadcasting as a vehicle for social change and disability rights agendas in sub-Saharan Africa. We argue that thinking with CfSC concepts show the importance of a ‘decentred’ media approach that engages with disability community advocacy groups, localised communication activities and practices, and culturally specific disability narratives.
本评论的目的是讨论如何有效地动员撒哈拉以南非洲残奥会的报道,以促进围绕残疾的话语和结构变革。残奥会的报道已经证明了它在吸引公众参与和挑战残疾污名方面的教学力量。然而,残奥会的全球转播情况极不平衡,南半球部分地区的观众观看奥运会的机会有限。考虑到这一点,国际残奥委员会已经开始在撒哈拉以南非洲播放残奥报道,其明确目标是挑战对残疾人的污名。在这篇文章中,我们借鉴研究中的例子来论证来自社会变革传播(CfSC)领域的想法可以为这一目标增加价值。我们首先简要概述CfSC,然后仔细研究该领域的关键概念之一-交流(E)生态学。在此之后,我们批判性地反思残奥会广播作为撒哈拉以南非洲社会变革和残疾人权利议程工具的潜力。我们认为,用CfSC的概念来思考,表明了一种“去中心化”的媒体方法的重要性,这种方法与残疾人社区倡导团体、本地化的传播活动和实践以及文化上特定的残疾叙事相结合。
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引用次数: 1
“Posting More than Just a Black Square”: National Collegiate Athletic Association Student-Athletes’ Perceptions of the Athletic Department’s Role in Social Media, Racial Justice, and the Black Lives Matter Movement “张贴不仅仅是一个黑人广场”:全国大学体育协会学生运动员对体育部门在社交媒体、种族正义和黑人生命重要运动中的作用的看法
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221091814
Natalie Bunch, Beth A. Cianfrone
There is a rise in athletes and sports organizations utilizing social media activism to discuss social injustices. Social media staff are tasked with communicating such messages, often with little insight into how it impacts their athletes. Empirical research is necessary to understand the perspectives of athletes to inform best practices for the staff. The purpose of this study was to assess college student-athletes’ perceptions of their athletic departments’ involvement in promoting racial justice and the Black Lives Matter movement on social media. We surveyed 273 student-athletes from 40 universities for their perspectives. Quantitatively, we explored four factors: affective responses to the posts, perceived conflict, the role of the athletic department in using social media to discuss the topic, and the perceived qualifications of the athletic department to post about the topic. MANOVA revealed Black student-athletes were significantly more likely to believe that it was the athletic department’s role to address racial justice than their non-Black counterparts, with no significant differences in the other three factors. Qualitatively, student-athletes’ reactions were classified into three themes: social activism communication strategy, strategies to develop race conscious culture, and challenges to social media activism. Athletic department staff can utilize the findings to implement a strategy.
越来越多的运动员和体育组织利用社交媒体激进主义来讨论社会不公正现象。社交媒体工作人员的任务是传达这些信息,通常对其对运动员的影响知之甚少。有必要进行实证研究,以了解运动员的观点,为工作人员提供最佳实践。这项研究的目的是评估大学生运动员对体育部门参与在社交媒体上促进种族正义和“黑人的命也是命”运动的看法。我们调查了来自40所大学的273名学生运动员的观点。定量地,我们探讨了四个因素:对帖子的情感反应、感知到的冲突、体育部门在使用社交媒体讨论话题中的作用,以及体育部门发布话题的感知资格。MANOVA透露,黑人学生运动员比非黑人学生运动员更有可能相信体育部门的职责是解决种族正义问题,其他三个因素没有显著差异。从质量上讲,学生运动员的反应分为三个主题:社会激进主义传播策略、发展种族意识文化的策略和对社交媒体激进主义的挑战。体育部门的工作人员可以利用调查结果来实施策略。
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引用次数: 8
Covering the Home Nation at Its Home Games: An Analysis of Australian Nationalistic Broadcast Coverage of the 2018 Commonwealth Games 在主场比赛中报道祖国:2018年英联邦运动会澳大利亚民族主义广播报道分析
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-04-29 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221090416
Olan K. M. Scott, B. Li
This study explored how nationalism unfolded within the Australian broadcast of the 2018 Commonwealth Games that were held on the Gold Coast, Australia. Applying social-categorization theory, over 31 hours of the total coverage was content analyzed for name mentions, description of success or failure, and personality and physicality of the athletes. Results of this study underscore large differences in the amount of commentary that was provided to Australians and non-Australians during the broadcasts, with Australians being mentioned more than non-Australian athletes. As Australia performed well at the Commonwealth Games, Australians featured highly on both the top most-mentioned athletes list and the overall percentage of name mentions also favored Australians. The Seven Network emphasized Australian athletes to its viewers, as Australian viewers would share many of the group characteristics with athletes who were featured on television. This study contributes to the literature by uncovering how in-group members were portrayed in the Australian sports context while also providing insight into how consumers’ media consumption could potentially affect how the network broadcasts the Commonwealth Games from a nationally partisan perspective.
这项研究探讨了在澳大利亚黄金海岸举行的2018年英联邦运动会的澳大利亚广播中,民族主义是如何展开的。运用社会分类理论,对超过31个小时的总报道内容进行了人名提及、成功或失败的描述、运动员的个性和身体素质的内容分析。这项研究的结果强调了在转播中提供给澳大利亚人和非澳大利亚人的评论数量的巨大差异,澳大利亚人被提到的次数比非澳大利亚运动员多。由于澳大利亚在英联邦运动会上表现出色,澳大利亚人在最常被提及的运动员名单上都名列前茅,而且被提及的总比例也有利于澳大利亚人。Seven电视网向观众强调澳大利亚运动员,因为澳大利亚观众与电视上的运动员有许多共同的群体特征。这项研究通过揭示在澳大利亚体育背景下如何描绘群体成员,同时也从国家党派的角度深入了解消费者的媒体消费如何潜在地影响网络转播英联邦运动会的方式,从而为文献做出了贡献。
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引用次数: 1
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