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Much Ado About Twitter, Twitch, and More: A Maturing Research Agenda 关于Twitter, Twitch和更多:一个成熟的研究议程
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-01-17 DOI: 10.1177/21674795231152657
Marie Hardin, A. Billings
In hindsight, one might argue that when Communication & Sport published its inaugural issue in 2013, social media received insufficient attention by essay authors – leading names in the field – in their assessment of the phenomena to which scholars should be attentive in the coming decade. Social media was not entirely absent, of course. For instance, Walter Gantz, in his overview and reflection on the state of the field relating to sports fanship, framed social media and other interactive technologies as increasingly playing a facilitating role for “expression, competition, attention, fun and connectivity” (2013, p. 183). Raymond Boyle, in his assessment of journalism and digital culture, wrote, “Taking the long view of communications culture, social media can be seen as part of an evolving tradition within sports journalism, that offers aspects of change, but also continuity” (2013, p. 94). But he added this, “once the genie of social media is ‘out of the bottle,’ it is out for good” (p. 94). Out of the bottle, indeed. Just a year later, Editor-in-Chief Lawrence A. Wenner convened a handful of scholars to address opportunities and challenges in what he described as a “striking rise” (2014, p. 103) in the number of submissions focused on Twitter and sport. In his editorial essay titled “Much Ado (or Not) About Twitter? Assessing an Emergent Communication and Sport Research Agenda,” Wenner expressed concerns (shared by others, including the two current editors of this journal) that social-media-focused research risked being too enamored with the platform (e.g., Twitter) while being inattentive to wider cultural phenomena and the need for such studies to address important theoretical questions central to communication and sport.
事后看来,有人可能会说,2013年《通信与体育》创刊号出版时,在评估未来十年学者们应该关注的现象时,社交媒体没有得到论文作者(该领域的领军人物)足够的关注。当然,社交媒体并非完全缺席。例如,Walter Gantz在他对体育粉丝领域现状的概述和反思中,将社交媒体和其他互动技术视为越来越多地在“表达、竞争、关注、乐趣和连接”方面发挥促进作用(2013年,第183页)。雷蒙德·博伊尔在他对新闻和数字文化的评估中写道:“从传播文化的长远角度来看,社交媒体可以被视为体育新闻中不断发展的传统的一部分,它提供了变化的方面,但也提供了连续性”(2013年,第94页)。但他补充说,“一旦社交媒体的精灵‘从瓶子里出来’,它就永远消失了”(第94页)。的确是从瓶子里出来的。仅仅一年后,主编劳伦斯·a·温纳(Lawrence a . Wenner)召集了一些学者,讨论了他所描述的以Twitter和体育为主题的投稿数量“显著上升”(2014年,第103页)所带来的机遇和挑战。在他的社论文章《Twitter有多麻烦(还是没有)?》“评估新兴的传播和体育研究议程,”温纳表达了担忧(其他人也有同感,包括本杂志的两位现任编辑),即以社交媒体为重点的研究可能过于迷恋平台(例如,Twitter),而忽视了更广泛的文化现象,以及对此类研究解决传播和体育中心重要理论问题的需求。
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引用次数: 5
Incommensurability Between “Filial Daughter” and “All-Capable Princess”: Discursive Legitimation in Chinese Media Coverage of Quan Hongchan and Gu Eileen “孝女”与“全能公主”的不可通约性:中国媒体对权鸿禅与顾爱玲报道的话语正当性
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221149328
Xinying Yang
This study investigated how Chinese media employed discursive legitimation strategies to incorporate the atypical identities of Quan Hongchan and Gu Eileen into the party-state’s cultural and emotional governance. A critical discourse analysis revealed that multifaceted tensions were (re)produced in media constructions of these two remarkable sporting heroines. By portraying Quan as an exemplar of “socialist filial daughter,” Chinese media hoped to mobilize underclass youth to make strong commitment to nation building. These discursive efforts nevertheless made Quan’s self-empowerment cruelly optimistic insofar as the intersection of her bodily vulnerability, excessive social expectations, and state patriarchal paternalism was concerned. In contrast, Chinese media portrayed Gu as a “neoliberal all-capable princess with Chinese characteristics” to alleviate social discontent regarding the upper class’s unlimited transnational mobility and capital accumulation. Anti-Occidentalist discourses were intertwined with Western-imported self-entrepreneurship in Gu’s case, reflecting the party-state’s anxiety and desire to nurture cosmopolitan subjects. The parallel inclusion of Quan’s and Gu’s ostensibly incommensurable upbringings into the “sporting superpower” narratives, in turn, demonstrated the significance of discursive legitimation for Chinese media to construct “ideologically correct” sporting hero(in)es in the global neoliberal era.
本研究探讨了中国媒体如何运用话语合法化策略,将权鸿禅和顾爱玲的非典型身份融入党国的文化和情感治理中。一项批判性话语分析表明,媒体对这两位杰出的体育女英雄的建构(重新)产生了多方面的紧张关系。中国媒体希望通过将她塑造成“社会主义孝女”的典范,来动员底层青年为国家建设做出坚定的承诺。然而,这些话语的努力使全的自我赋权变得残酷乐观,因为她的身体脆弱,过度的社会期望,以及国家父权家长制的交叉点。相反,中国媒体将顾描绘成“具有中国特色的新自由主义全能公主”,以缓解社会对上层阶级无限制的跨国流动和资本积累的不满。在顾的案例中,反西方主义的话语与西方引进的自我创业交织在一起,反映了党国对培养世界主义主体的焦虑和渴望。在“体育超级大国”的叙事中,同时包含了全和顾表面上不可比较的成长经历,这反过来又证明了中国媒体在全球新自由主义时代建构“意识形态正确”的体育英雄的话语合法性的重要性。
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引用次数: 1
Middle Aged Men in Lycra and the Performative Irony of Watching Tour de France 穿着莱卡的中年男子与观看环法自行车赛的表演讽刺
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-01-03 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221148988
Ulrik Wagner, Stine Frydendal, M. Hybholt
Middle Aged Man in Lycra (MAMIL) is a cultural phenomenon associated with a gendered and conspicuous practice that can be inclusive by attracting individuals not previously engaged in physical activities as well as exclusive due to its gender and socio-economic conformity. Inspired by the works of Linda Hutcheon and Judith Butler, we argue that the MAMIL is an ironic figure constituting a complex and multifaceted character deeply embedded in a particular cultural context. By analyzing a TV advertising spot for Tour de France 2021 which embraces the MAMIL, the purpose of this study is to illustrate how ironic communication is productive as it leads to multiple performativities of irony. We identify four performativities in the spot which are: Irony as a way to cope with an aging male body; Irony as a way to identify with competitive elite sportsmen; (Self-) irony as enabling an exclusive male community and masculinity through humor; and Irony as legitimizing mass media consumption of cycling. We argue that the irony reaches beyond a mere humorous stance and serves a legitimizing and preservative function of road cycling as a male-dominated terrain.
穿着莱卡的中年男子(MAMIL)是一种与性别和引人注目的做法有关的文化现象,它可以通过吸引以前没有从事体育活动的个人而具有包容性,也可以由于其性别和社会经济一致性而具有排他性。受琳达·哈钦和朱迪思·巴特勒作品的启发,我们认为MAMIL是一个具有讽刺意味的人物,是一个复杂而多方面的角色,深深植根于特定的文化背景中。通过分析2021年环法自行车赛的电视广告,本研究的目的是说明讽刺传播是如何产生的,因为它导致了讽刺的多种表现。我们在现场确定了四种表现:讽刺作为一种应对衰老男性身体的方式;讽刺是一种认同竞技精英运动员的方式;(自我)反讽:通过幽默使一个排外的男性群体和男子气概得以形成;讽刺的是大众媒体对自行车的消费合法化。我们认为,这种讽刺超越了单纯的幽默立场,并为公路自行车作为男性主导的领域提供了合法化和保护功能。
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引用次数: 0
Storying the Gender Binary in Sport: Narrative Motifs Among Transgender, Gender Non-Conforming Athletes 讲述体育运动中的性别二元性:跨性别、性别不一致运动员的叙事动机
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2023-01-02 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221148159
Alaina C. Zanin, Lore/tta LeMaster, Lucy C. Niess, Haley Lucero
This study utilized a two-tiered, thematic and structural narrative analysis to understand the ways transgender, gender non-conforming (TGNC) athletes story their experiences of sport. All participants (N = 20) self-identified as TGNC and as athletes. A thematic narrative analysis of semi-structured interviews revealed several convergent narratives (i.e., gender sanctioning, binary gender survival, gender transition and disclosure, and gender affirming) within TGNC athlete stories. A secondary structural analysis of evaluation statements in each story offered insight into what master narratives within sport are (re)producing binary gender structures and as a result excluding non-binary athletes from participation and inclusion. The structural analysis also uncovered counter narratives within TGNC athlete stories that challenged the binarized structures of sport. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed in relation to how master narratives might be altered to foster gender inclusion beyond the binary.
这项研究采用了两层主题和结构叙事分析来理解跨性别、性别不合(TGNC)运动员讲述他们运动经历的方式。所有参与者(N=20)自我认定为TGNC和运动员。半结构化访谈的主题叙事分析揭示了TGNC运动员故事中的几种趋同叙事(即性别制裁、二元性别生存、性别转换和披露以及性别肯定)。对每个故事中的评价陈述进行二次结构分析,可以深入了解体育运动中的主要叙事正在(重新)产生二元性别结构,从而将非二元运动员排除在参与和包容之外。结构分析还揭示了TGNC运动员故事中挑战体育二元化结构的反叙事。讨论了如何改变主叙事以促进二元之外的性别包容的理论和实践意义。
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引用次数: 1
It’s Okay to be Not Okay: An Analysis of Twitter Responses to Naomi Osaka’s Withdrawal due to Mental Health Concerns 不好也可以:推特对大坂直美因心理健康问题退出的回应分析
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221141328
Zhijing Chen, D. Kwak
An increasing number of athletes are speaking out on different social issues. There is also a growing acceptance and expectations of athletes utilizing their influence to push for social change. In recent years, some athletes have started disclosing their mental illness and raising awareness of mental health. This study investigates Twitter user data on Naomi Osaka’s withdrawal from the French Open due to her mental health concerns, as well as examines how different Twitter sources or handles (e.g., athlete vs. news media) further shape public responses. Both thematic analysis and sentiment analysis were conducted on Twitter data to identify emergent themes and audience sentiment towards the case. Findings reveal growing positive reception of athletes’ mental health disclosures, athletes’ behavior as a form of advocacy, and utilization of social media to amplify activism efforts. The results also extend the athlete activism literature by showing how message sources shape public reactions differently. Findings provide implications for athletes and relevant stakeholders to effectively navigate through the situation by creating and delivering messages to their target audiences.
越来越多的运动员就不同的社会问题发表意见。人们也越来越接受和期待运动员利用自己的影响力推动社会变革。近年来,一些运动员开始公开自己的心理疾病,并提高人们对心理健康的认识。这项研究调查了推特用户关于大坂直美因心理健康问题退出法网的数据,并考察了不同的推特来源或处理方式(例如,运动员与新闻媒体)如何进一步影响公众反应。对推特数据进行了主题分析和情绪分析,以确定突发主题和观众对案件的情绪。研究结果显示,运动员的心理健康披露、运动员的行为作为一种宣传形式,以及利用社交媒体扩大激进主义努力,越来越受到积极欢迎。研究结果还通过展示信息来源如何以不同的方式影响公众反应,扩展了运动员激进主义文献。研究结果为运动员和相关利益相关者提供了启示,使他们能够通过创建信息并向目标受众传递信息来有效应对这种情况。
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引用次数: 2
On Advancing to Decade Two: Editorial Insights on Submission Congruence, Review Quality, and an Eye Toward the Future 迈向第二个十年:编辑对投稿一致性、评论质量的洞察与对未来的展望
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-29 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221144117
A. Billings, Marie Hardin
This issue represents two journalistic benchmarks as we begin our second year as Editors and our second decade of advancing knowledge in the pages of Communication
本期代表了两个新闻基准,我们开始了担任编辑的第二年和在《传播》杂志上提高知识的第二个十年
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引用次数: 0
“Dabo Wears Male Rompers”: Examining Expressions of Hegemonic Masculinity and Identity in ESPN’s College GameDay “大宝穿男款连体裤”:ESPN大学比赛日中霸权男性气质与身份的表现
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-11-16 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221140315
Katie M. Lever
It has long been held that sport functions as a site of identity and belonging. Identity is also a key element that lays the framework for elite sport and social gathering as well as fan identification with teams and athletic figureheads (athletes and coaches) associated with their favored team. Sports fans often exercise identity in the communal bonding experiences of sport, including watching and attending games and other sports programming in groups. Outside of sporting events themselves, perhaps the most prominent sport-centric community and identity-building spectacle is ESPN's "College GameDay." First aired in 1987 as a rundown of college football scores and commentary, the popular show is now known for its in-depth analysis of high-stakes football match-ups, predictions of game outcomes, celebrity guest pickers who select the team they believe will win during the morning show, and the quirky signs made by fans who strive to be televised or featured on GameDay’s social media platforms. I argue that these popular elements of the show offer fans the opportunity to enact and express identities of hegemonic masculinity in widespread and potentially problematic ways.
长期以来,人们一直认为体育是一个身份和归属的场所。身份也是一个关键因素,它为精英体育和社交聚会奠定了框架,也为球迷对球队的认同以及与他们喜爱的球队相关的体育领袖(运动员和教练)奠定了基础。体育迷们经常在体育运动的公共纽带体验中锻炼身份,包括集体观看和参加比赛和其他体育节目。除了体育赛事本身,也许最突出的以体育为中心的社区和身份建设奇观是ESPN的《大学比赛日》。该节目于1987年首次播出,是对大学足球比分和评论的总结,现在以其对高风险足球比赛的深入分析、对比赛结果的预测、,明星嘉宾挑选者选择他们认为将在早间节目中获胜的球队,以及粉丝们制作的古怪标志,他们努力在GameDay的社交媒体平台上进行电视转播或展示。我认为,该剧的这些流行元素为粉丝们提供了一个机会,让他们以广泛且可能存在问题的方式展现和表达霸权男子气概的身份。
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引用次数: 1
A Scoping Review of Research on Online Hate and Sport 网络仇恨与体育研究综述
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-10-17 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221132728
Colm Kearns, G. Sinclair, J. Black, M. Doidge, T. Fletcher, D. Kilvington, Katie Liston, Theo Lynn, P. Rosati
The rise of online hate speech in sports is a growing concern, with fans, players and officials subject to racist, sexist and homophobic abuse (in addition to many other prejudices) via social media platforms. While hate speech and discrimination have always been problems in sports, the growth of social media has seen them exacerbated exponentially. As a consequence, policy makers, sport governing bodies and grassroots anti-hate organisations are largely left playing catch-up with the rapidly shifting realm of online hate. Scholars have attempted to fill this vacuum with research into this topic, but such is the evolving nature of the issue that research has been diverse and fragmentary. We offer a scoping review into the scholarship of online hate in sport in order to encourage and facilitate further research into this urgent issue. Our review will achieve this through offering a comprehensive cataloguing of previously employed methodologies, case studies and conclusions. In doing so, it will not only equip future researchers with a concise overview of existing research in the field, but also illuminate areas and approaches in need of further examination.
体育运动中网络仇恨言论的兴起越来越令人担忧,球迷、球员和官员通过社交媒体平台受到种族主义、性别歧视和恐同虐待(以及许多其他偏见)。虽然仇恨言论和歧视一直是体育运动中的问题,但随着社交媒体的发展,这些问题呈指数级加剧。因此,政策制定者、体育管理机构和基层反仇恨组织在很大程度上只能追赶迅速变化的网络仇恨领域。学者们试图通过对这一主题的研究来填补这一真空,但这是这个问题不断演变的本质,因此研究是多样化和零碎的。我们对体育运动中的网络仇恨学术进行了范围审查,以鼓励和促进对这一紧迫问题的进一步研究。我们的审查将通过对以前使用的方法、案例研究和结论进行全面编目来实现这一点。通过这样做,它不仅将为未来的研究人员提供该领域现有研究的简要概述,还将阐明需要进一步研究的领域和方法。
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引用次数: 6
In the Wake of a ‘Racial Reckoning’: Resistance… or Persistence in Sporting Representations? 在“种族清算”之后:抵抗…还是坚持体育代表?
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-10-16 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221132598
Marie Hardin, A. Billings
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引用次数: 0
Speaking Up and Speaking Out: Collective Voice in Women’s Sports Media 大声疾呼:女性体育媒体中的集体声音
IF 2.7 1区 文学 Q1 COMMUNICATION Pub Date : 2022-10-14 DOI: 10.1177/21674795221131794
Monica Crawford
This qualitative textual analysis considers “voice” in a new sports media platform Just Women’s Sports. Using communicative injustice and collective voice as its theoretical framework, this study considers whose voices are represented in women’s sports media and how those voices are represented. The unique position of Just Women’s Sports as a news outlet independent from mixed-gender sports media outlets and funded by venture capital investments makes it an interesting case study to consider new avenues in sports media production. The findings of this study indicate that Just Women’s Sports’s voice consists of diverse women who promote an inclusive and activist community. Furthermore, this study provides a theoretical intervention in the study of women’s sports media by introducing communicative injustice as an informative theoretical lens.
这一定性的文本分析考虑了新体育媒体平台Just Women’s sports中的“声音”。本研究以传播不公正和集体声音为理论框架,探讨了女性体育媒体中谁的声音被代表,以及这些声音是如何被代表的。Just Women’s Sports作为一家独立于男女混合体育媒体并由风险投资资助的新闻媒体,其独特地位使其成为一项有趣的案例研究,以考虑体育媒体制作的新途径。这项研究的结果表明,Just Women’s Sports的声音由不同的女性组成,她们促进了一个包容和积极的社区。此外,本研究通过引入传播不公正作为一个信息性的理论视角,为女性体育媒体研究提供了理论干预。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
Communication & Sport
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