Pub Date : 2022-08-08DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000379
Anna-Kaisa Reiman, M. Earleywine
Abstract. Swearing is stereotypically associated with socially undesirable traits and behaviors, including limited verbal ability, disagreeable personality, and alcohol use. We sought to demonstrate that, contrary to such stereotypes, swear word fluency (i.e., ability to generate swear words) does not arise from a lack of verbal skills. We also explored whether swear word fluency might serve as an index of personality traits related to drug use. Accordingly, we conducted a preregistered study in which 266 undergraduates at a US university ( Mage = 19.36; 66.9% self-identified as women and 49.6% as White) completed measures of swear word fluency, verbal fluency (i.e., overall ability to generate words), vocabulary, Big Five traits, sensation seeking, and drug use. We observed positive associations between swear word fluency and verbal fluency, vocabulary, Openness, and Extraversion, and a negative association with Agreeableness. Moreover, swear word fluency accounted for unique variance in self-reported drug use over and above that accounted for by personality and general verbal ability. Swear word fluency might serve as one of few tasks where higher scores predict more drug involvement, justifying further work linking this measure with other aspects of personality and drug use.
{"title":"Swear Word Fluency, Verbal Fluency, Vocabulary, Personality, and Drug Involvement","authors":"Anna-Kaisa Reiman, M. Earleywine","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000379","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000379","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Swearing is stereotypically associated with socially undesirable traits and behaviors, including limited verbal ability, disagreeable personality, and alcohol use. We sought to demonstrate that, contrary to such stereotypes, swear word fluency (i.e., ability to generate swear words) does not arise from a lack of verbal skills. We also explored whether swear word fluency might serve as an index of personality traits related to drug use. Accordingly, we conducted a preregistered study in which 266 undergraduates at a US university ( Mage = 19.36; 66.9% self-identified as women and 49.6% as White) completed measures of swear word fluency, verbal fluency (i.e., overall ability to generate words), vocabulary, Big Five traits, sensation seeking, and drug use. We observed positive associations between swear word fluency and verbal fluency, vocabulary, Openness, and Extraversion, and a negative association with Agreeableness. Moreover, swear word fluency accounted for unique variance in self-reported drug use over and above that accounted for by personality and general verbal ability. Swear word fluency might serve as one of few tasks where higher scores predict more drug involvement, justifying further work linking this measure with other aspects of personality and drug use.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46233133","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-07-15DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000376
S. Parker, A. Ahrens
Abstract. Intolerance of uncertainty is a far-reaching – yet not widely examined – construct with clinical and nonclinical associations. The current study implemented a brief reflection on uncertainty hypothesized to increase tolerance of uncertainty. The group who engaged in the reflection ( n = 50) was compared to an active control condition ( n = 50). Results demonstrated the opposite of the primary hypothesis: simply reflecting on uncertainty significantly increased intolerance of uncertainty (vs. tolerance of uncertainty). Results also demonstrated that those higher in mindfulness were higher in tolerance of uncertainty, with the “nonreactivity” factor of mindfulness contributing unique variance. These findings suggest multiple factors that might contribute to both tolerance and intolerance of uncertainty. This study indicates that investigations of interventions that include training in mindfulness and its component of nonreactivity might be particularly warranted.
{"title":"(Just Thinking of) Uncertainty Increases Intolerance of Uncertainty","authors":"S. Parker, A. Ahrens","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000376","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000376","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Intolerance of uncertainty is a far-reaching – yet not widely examined – construct with clinical and nonclinical associations. The current study implemented a brief reflection on uncertainty hypothesized to increase tolerance of uncertainty. The group who engaged in the reflection ( n = 50) was compared to an active control condition ( n = 50). Results demonstrated the opposite of the primary hypothesis: simply reflecting on uncertainty significantly increased intolerance of uncertainty (vs. tolerance of uncertainty). Results also demonstrated that those higher in mindfulness were higher in tolerance of uncertainty, with the “nonreactivity” factor of mindfulness contributing unique variance. These findings suggest multiple factors that might contribute to both tolerance and intolerance of uncertainty. This study indicates that investigations of interventions that include training in mindfulness and its component of nonreactivity might be particularly warranted.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-07-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47363238","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000375
Yang Yang
Abstract. Daily life events often trigger and co-occur with various emotional reactions, which activate self-regulatory processes. One possible outcome of self-regulatory processes is optimism. Limited research has examined optimism in daily life and potential daily predictors, including stressors, negative emotions, and positive emotions. Emotion differentiation – the ability to identify and label discrete emotional states – has the potential to change the association between daily predictors and optimism. The current study contextualized optimism in the emotion-laden daily life and examined the association of daily stressors and daily negative and positive emotional states to daily optimism and the role of negative and positive emotion regulation on these relationships. The current study adopted a daily diary design and collected self-reported daily responses from a sample of 248 college students over a 7-day study period. The results included concurrent and lagged effects and showed that daily negative affect and positive affect predicted both concurrent daily optimism and the next day’s optimism. Greater negative emotion differentiation predicted higher daily optimism. A better ability to differentiate positive emotions predicted a stronger relation between positive affect and daily optimism. The findings underscored the importance of daily affect and emotion differentiation being important markers for optimism interventions and daily practices.
{"title":"The Association of Daily Stressors and Daily Emotions to Daily Optimism","authors":"Yang Yang","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000375","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000375","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Daily life events often trigger and co-occur with various emotional reactions, which activate self-regulatory processes. One possible outcome of self-regulatory processes is optimism. Limited research has examined optimism in daily life and potential daily predictors, including stressors, negative emotions, and positive emotions. Emotion differentiation – the ability to identify and label discrete emotional states – has the potential to change the association between daily predictors and optimism. The current study contextualized optimism in the emotion-laden daily life and examined the association of daily stressors and daily negative and positive emotional states to daily optimism and the role of negative and positive emotion regulation on these relationships. The current study adopted a daily diary design and collected self-reported daily responses from a sample of 248 college students over a 7-day study period. The results included concurrent and lagged effects and showed that daily negative affect and positive affect predicted both concurrent daily optimism and the next day’s optimism. Greater negative emotion differentiation predicted higher daily optimism. A better ability to differentiate positive emotions predicted a stronger relation between positive affect and daily optimism. The findings underscored the importance of daily affect and emotion differentiation being important markers for optimism interventions and daily practices.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45636049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-05-12DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000372
Freda-Marie Hartung, Pia Thieme, N. Wild-Wall, Benedikt Hell
Abstract. Curiosity is a basic driver for learning and development. It has been conceptualized as a desire for new information and knowledge that motivates people to explore their physical and social environment. This raises the question of whether curiosity facilitates the acquisition of knowledge. The present study ( N = 100) assessed epistemic curiosity and general knowledge as well as fluid intelligence (i.e., reasoning ability, processing speed, memory) in a student sample. The results indicate that epistemic curiosity is moderately related to knowledge ( r = .24) and reasoning ability ( r = .30). None of the fluid intelligence measures did moderate the relationship between curiosity and knowledge (interaction terms β < |.08|). Rather, reasoning ability mediated the relationship between epistemic curiosity and general knowledge (indirect effect: β = .10, p < .05). The findings suggest that epistemic curiosity facilitates the acquisition of knowledge by promoting reasoning. One might speculate that epistemically curious individuals enrich their environment, which in turn enhances their cognitive ability.
{"title":"Being Snoopy and Smart","authors":"Freda-Marie Hartung, Pia Thieme, N. Wild-Wall, Benedikt Hell","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000372","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000372","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Curiosity is a basic driver for learning and development. It has been conceptualized as a desire for new information and knowledge that motivates people to explore their physical and social environment. This raises the question of whether curiosity facilitates the acquisition of knowledge. The present study ( N = 100) assessed epistemic curiosity and general knowledge as well as fluid intelligence (i.e., reasoning ability, processing speed, memory) in a student sample. The results indicate that epistemic curiosity is moderately related to knowledge ( r = .24) and reasoning ability ( r = .30). None of the fluid intelligence measures did moderate the relationship between curiosity and knowledge (interaction terms β < |.08|). Rather, reasoning ability mediated the relationship between epistemic curiosity and general knowledge (indirect effect: β = .10, p < .05). The findings suggest that epistemic curiosity facilitates the acquisition of knowledge by promoting reasoning. One might speculate that epistemically curious individuals enrich their environment, which in turn enhances their cognitive ability.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-05-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45544528","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-26DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000371
Anna R. Birman,Christopher J. Ferguson
Abstract. Many studies have examined the effects of different types of background music on cognitive abilities. However, the results of these studies range from finding music to be a significant distraction to finding it to be beneficial. This study examined the effects of different music genres and silence on a memory test. One hundred participants were randomly assigned to four different groups: silence (no music), classical music, rock, and the final group could choose any genre they liked. The California Verbal Learning Test – Second Edition (CVLT-II) was administered to assess participant’s memory. Anxiety was also assessed before and after the memory test to see whether the music had any effect. Generally, results suggested that music presence or genre had little tangible effect on memory or anxiety.
{"title":"Impact of Different Genres of Background Music on a Memory Test","authors":"Anna R. Birman,Christopher J. Ferguson","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000371","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000371","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Many studies have examined the effects of different types of background music on cognitive abilities. However, the results of these studies range from finding music to be a significant distraction to finding it to be beneficial. This study examined the effects of different music genres and silence on a memory test. One hundred participants were randomly assigned to four different groups: silence (no music), classical music, rock, and the final group could choose any genre they liked. The California Verbal Learning Test – Second Edition (CVLT-II) was administered to assess participant’s memory. Anxiety was also assessed before and after the memory test to see whether the music had any effect. Generally, results suggested that music presence or genre had little tangible effect on memory or anxiety.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138513854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-04-14DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000370
{"title":"Correction to Wang, Luo, Wu, and Zhou (2022)","authors":"","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000370","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000370","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44435298","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000369
Nan Wang, Jiwen Li, Mei Zeng, Juan Yang
Abstract. People have different tendencies when responding to positive and negative self-related stimuli, which can be referred to as positive-negative asymmetry. People are generally biased toward self-positivity on the one hand and display a self-focus on negative information on the other. Studies found that the positive-negative asymmetry exists in the cognitive processing of the self, but research on emotional self-related processing has been scant. In the current study, 635 participants rated the extent to which an adjective describes themselves and how much pride or shame they feel during such an evaluation. For positive items, results showed an increasing tendency in participants’ self-descriptive ratings, from 1 (= very low) to 7 (= very high), which can positively predict pride but negatively predict shame. Meanwhile, for negative items, participants’ ratings, which show a decreasing trend, can positively predict pride and shame. Overall, the current study suggests a valence asymmetry in both cognitive and emotional self-related processing.
{"title":"Positive-Negative Asymmetry in Self-Related Processing","authors":"Nan Wang, Jiwen Li, Mei Zeng, Juan Yang","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000369","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000369","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. People have different tendencies when responding to positive and negative self-related stimuli, which can be referred to as positive-negative asymmetry. People are generally biased toward self-positivity on the one hand and display a self-focus on negative information on the other. Studies found that the positive-negative asymmetry exists in the cognitive processing of the self, but research on emotional self-related processing has been scant. In the current study, 635 participants rated the extent to which an adjective describes themselves and how much pride or shame they feel during such an evaluation. For positive items, results showed an increasing tendency in participants’ self-descriptive ratings, from 1 (= very low) to 7 (= very high), which can positively predict pride but negatively predict shame. Meanwhile, for negative items, participants’ ratings, which show a decreasing trend, can positively predict pride and shame. Overall, the current study suggests a valence asymmetry in both cognitive and emotional self-related processing.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43894369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-25DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000368
D. Théberge, Dominick Gamache
Abstract. While shame is sometimes discussed as a key element at the core of personality pathologies, its relationship with pathological personality traits is still understudied. Previous research suggested that shame is a common subjective experience in patients with borderline and narcissistic personality traits. However, little is known about how borderline and narcissistic traits are associated with specific areas of shame in community samples. The present study aims to investigate these associations, using a dual strategy, that is, both at “variable-level” using correlational analyses and at “person-level” using a cluster-analytic strategy with borderline and narcissistic (grandiose and vulnerable) personality traits as clustering variables. A total of 254 French-Canadian adult participants were recruited to complete an online battery of self-report questionnaires. Correlational analyses revealed that borderline-related traits and narcissistic vulnerability showed some significant and meaningful differences pertaining to Behavioral shame while sharing a similar pattern of associations with Characterological and Bodily shame. Alternatively, shame does not appear to be a strong correlate of narcissistic grandiosity, although some significant – and somewhat unexpected – positive associations between the two were found. Cluster analysis yielded four groups based on their levels of pathological traits; the groups showed indiscriminate associations with different shame areas, suggesting that the association between shame and pathological traits is more global and less area specific.
{"title":"Shame","authors":"D. Théberge, Dominick Gamache","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000368","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000368","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. While shame is sometimes discussed as a key element at the core of personality pathologies, its relationship with pathological personality traits is still understudied. Previous research suggested that shame is a common subjective experience in patients with borderline and narcissistic personality traits. However, little is known about how borderline and narcissistic traits are associated with specific areas of shame in community samples. The present study aims to investigate these associations, using a dual strategy, that is, both at “variable-level” using correlational analyses and at “person-level” using a cluster-analytic strategy with borderline and narcissistic (grandiose and vulnerable) personality traits as clustering variables. A total of 254 French-Canadian adult participants were recruited to complete an online battery of self-report questionnaires. Correlational analyses revealed that borderline-related traits and narcissistic vulnerability showed some significant and meaningful differences pertaining to Behavioral shame while sharing a similar pattern of associations with Characterological and Bodily shame. Alternatively, shame does not appear to be a strong correlate of narcissistic grandiosity, although some significant – and somewhat unexpected – positive associations between the two were found. Cluster analysis yielded four groups based on their levels of pathological traits; the groups showed indiscriminate associations with different shame areas, suggesting that the association between shame and pathological traits is more global and less area specific.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42186687","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-03-11DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000367
Tobias Altmann
Abstract. A key differentiation in studies on friendship research is between the same-sex and cross-sex friendships of women and men. Although most women and men prefer same-sex over cross-sex friends, most people do commonly have cross-sex friendships, and there are large interindividual differences in the proportions of cross-sex friends in individual friendship networks. Recent studies have suggested that same-sex and cross-sex friendships fulfill different goals for women and men. Therefore, individuals’ personal values (as representations of their enduring goals) may be associated with the types of friendships they prefer. The present study explores associations between personal values and people’s preferences for cross-sex friendships (heterosociality). A sample of 1,333 participants completed the assessment. Results showed that the associations were partially moderated by sex. For men, the value of tradition, whereas for women, the values of security, self-direction, and tradition were found to be significantly associated with the individual proportions of cross-sex friends. These findings contribute to understanding friendship selection and underline the importance of differentiating between same-sex and cross-sex friendships in women and men.
{"title":"Sex Differences Partially Moderate the Relationships Between Personal Values and the Preference for Cross-Sex Friendships (Heterosociality)","authors":"Tobias Altmann","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000367","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000367","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. A key differentiation in studies on friendship research is between the same-sex and cross-sex friendships of women and men. Although most women and men prefer same-sex over cross-sex friends, most people do commonly have cross-sex friendships, and there are large interindividual differences in the proportions of cross-sex friends in individual friendship networks. Recent studies have suggested that same-sex and cross-sex friendships fulfill different goals for women and men. Therefore, individuals’ personal values (as representations of their enduring goals) may be associated with the types of friendships they prefer. The present study explores associations between personal values and people’s preferences for cross-sex friendships (heterosociality). A sample of 1,333 participants completed the assessment. Results showed that the associations were partially moderated by sex. For men, the value of tradition, whereas for women, the values of security, self-direction, and tradition were found to be significantly associated with the individual proportions of cross-sex friends. These findings contribute to understanding friendship selection and underline the importance of differentiating between same-sex and cross-sex friendships in women and men.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-03-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47017296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-01-27DOI: 10.1027/1614-0001/a000366
Yun Wang, Yu L. L. Luo, M. Wu, Yuan Zhou
Abstract. Justice is one of the fundamental principles in human evolution, and justice sensitivity from the pro-self (e.g., as a victim) and the prosocial perspective (e.g., as an observer, beneficiary, and perpetrator) matters in mental wellness and social interaction. However, the extent to which individual difference in justice sensitivity is influenced by genetic versus environmental factors remains unclear. Using a sample with 244 twin pairs, the present research attempts to determine the extent to which genetic factors play a role in the inter-individual difference of justice sensitivity as well as whether different facets of justice sensitivity, namely, pro-self and prosocial perspectives, share a common genetic basis. Results showed that (1) all facets of justice sensitivity were moderately heritable (21–33%) and that the non-shared environmental factors plus measurement error accounted for the rest of the variations (67–79%); (2) associations between the prosocial facets of justice sensitivity were driven by common genetic ( rg = .50–.65) and non-shared environmental (plus measurement error; re = .24–.65) influences, whereas no significant genetic link was found between the pro-self and prosocial facets. The current findings provide novel evidence that sensitivity to injustice, especially to others’ suffering, is fundamentally grounded upon genetic origin, thereby shedding light on the nature and nurture aspects of justice behavior.
{"title":"Heritability of Justice Sensitivity","authors":"Yun Wang, Yu L. L. Luo, M. Wu, Yuan Zhou","doi":"10.1027/1614-0001/a000366","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1027/1614-0001/a000366","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract. Justice is one of the fundamental principles in human evolution, and justice sensitivity from the pro-self (e.g., as a victim) and the prosocial perspective (e.g., as an observer, beneficiary, and perpetrator) matters in mental wellness and social interaction. However, the extent to which individual difference in justice sensitivity is influenced by genetic versus environmental factors remains unclear. Using a sample with 244 twin pairs, the present research attempts to determine the extent to which genetic factors play a role in the inter-individual difference of justice sensitivity as well as whether different facets of justice sensitivity, namely, pro-self and prosocial perspectives, share a common genetic basis. Results showed that (1) all facets of justice sensitivity were moderately heritable (21–33%) and that the non-shared environmental factors plus measurement error accounted for the rest of the variations (67–79%); (2) associations between the prosocial facets of justice sensitivity were driven by common genetic ( rg = .50–.65) and non-shared environmental (plus measurement error; re = .24–.65) influences, whereas no significant genetic link was found between the pro-self and prosocial facets. The current findings provide novel evidence that sensitivity to injustice, especially to others’ suffering, is fundamentally grounded upon genetic origin, thereby shedding light on the nature and nurture aspects of justice behavior.","PeriodicalId":47049,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Individual Differences","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.4,"publicationDate":"2022-01-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42759808","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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