Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1976630
I. Acic, Hannah R Stevens, Xudong Yu, L. Taylor
ABSTRACT Research shows that gay men are highly susceptible to media effects on body image. A considerable amount of attention has been dedicated to the traditional media content that might have a negative effect on the way gay men perceive their bodies. However, far less attention has been given to the potentially harmful body-related content gay men are exposed to on the Internet. The present study is the first systematic content analysis of body-related posts gay men create and are exposed to on non-dating online social platforms. We analyzed the textual and visual elements of gay men’s body-related posts (N = 600) across four social media platforms popular among gay men to examine what and how gay men disclose about their bodies.
{"title":"How gay men discuss their bodies online","authors":"I. Acic, Hannah R Stevens, Xudong Yu, L. Taylor","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1976630","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1976630","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research shows that gay men are highly susceptible to media effects on body image. A considerable amount of attention has been dedicated to the traditional media content that might have a negative effect on the way gay men perceive their bodies. However, far less attention has been given to the potentially harmful body-related content gay men are exposed to on the Internet. The present study is the first systematic content analysis of body-related posts gay men create and are exposed to on non-dating online social platforms. We analyzed the textual and visual elements of gay men’s body-related posts (N = 600) across four social media platforms popular among gay men to examine what and how gay men disclose about their bodies.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"491 2","pages":"325 - 335"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41291305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-20DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1980380
Emily Buteau, Joonghwa Lee
ABSTRACT This study identified three factors to predict the use of the artificial intelligence communication devices known as voice assistants such as Amazon’s Alexa or Apple’s Siri: technological factors (usefulness and perceived ease of use), social influence factors (personal and societal norms), and risk factors (privacy concerns and perceived security). Considering these factors as significant antecedents, this study proposed an extended Technology Acceptance Model. To examine the proposed model, an online survey was conducted with 558 respondents. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness, personal norms, and perceived security have positive relationships with attitudes toward using voice assistants. Additionally, privacy concerns had a negative relationship with attitudes toward using voice assistants, which in turn has a positive relationship with the behavioral intention. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Hey Alexa, why do we use voice assistants? The driving factors of voice assistant technology use","authors":"Emily Buteau, Joonghwa Lee","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1980380","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1980380","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This study identified three factors to predict the use of the artificial intelligence communication devices known as voice assistants such as Amazon’s Alexa or Apple’s Siri: technological factors (usefulness and perceived ease of use), social influence factors (personal and societal norms), and risk factors (privacy concerns and perceived security). Considering these factors as significant antecedents, this study proposed an extended Technology Acceptance Model. To examine the proposed model, an online survey was conducted with 558 respondents. The findings indicate that perceived usefulness, personal norms, and perceived security have positive relationships with attitudes toward using voice assistants. Additionally, privacy concerns had a negative relationship with attitudes toward using voice assistants, which in turn has a positive relationship with the behavioral intention. Practical and theoretical implications are discussed.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"336 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45262604","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-09-01DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1966405
Bryan Abendschein, Chad Edwards, Autumn P. Edwards
ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the differences in perceived competence, credibility, and social presence within socially supportive interactions (emotional or instrumental) using human, AI, and social robot actors. We further differentiated our findings by actor and type of support and found that participants thought the human and social robot differed in terms of competence but did not rate them differently on impressions of support. Our findings suggest that people may be more attuned to the outcomes of support versus the actors involved in the interaction. In this brief report, we present CASA as a theoretical framework, offer a detailed analysis of our findings, and discuss the perceived criteria for effective socially supportive interactions.
{"title":"The influence of agent and message type on perceptions of social support in human-machine communication","authors":"Bryan Abendschein, Chad Edwards, Autumn P. Edwards","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1966405","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1966405","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT In this study, we investigated the differences in perceived competence, credibility, and social presence within socially supportive interactions (emotional or instrumental) using human, AI, and social robot actors. We further differentiated our findings by actor and type of support and found that participants thought the human and social robot differed in terms of competence but did not rate them differently on impressions of support. Our findings suggest that people may be more attuned to the outcomes of support versus the actors involved in the interaction. In this brief report, we present CASA as a theoretical framework, offer a detailed analysis of our findings, and discuss the perceived criteria for effective socially supportive interactions.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"304 - 314"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44309554","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-18DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1963697
R. J. Sidelinger, Paul E. Madlock
ABSTRACT Employing benign violation theory as a lens, this study (N = 148) explored full-time employees’ perceptions of supervisors’ likelihood to use sarcasm and engagement in self-disparaging and vulgar language based humor and verbal aggression (VA) in the workplace. In part, findings revealed that employees’ perceptions of supervisors’ VA positively related to perceptions of supervisors’ likelihood to use sarcasm and inappropriate humor engagement.
{"title":"Humor at work: exploring supervisors’ sarcasm, self-disparaging and vulgar language based humor, and verbal aggression","authors":"R. J. Sidelinger, Paul E. Madlock","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1963697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1963697","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Employing benign violation theory as a lens, this study (N = 148) explored full-time employees’ perceptions of supervisors’ likelihood to use sarcasm and engagement in self-disparaging and vulgar language based humor and verbal aggression (VA) in the workplace. In part, findings revealed that employees’ perceptions of supervisors’ VA positively related to perceptions of supervisors’ likelihood to use sarcasm and inappropriate humor engagement.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"293 - 303"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43614354","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-08DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1961720
David E. Clementson
ABSTRACT This paper combines theories of identification and image repair to explain why an organization in crisis should avoid designing messages that engage in “spin.” An experiment is reported (N = 262 nationwide U.S. Qualtrics Panel) in which a company spokesperson replies to questions from a journalist in a news interview. Results indicate that people (a) identify more with the spokesperson, and (b) have more favorable attitudes toward the business, when the spokesperson directly answers rather than spins. Serial multiple mediator modeling reveals the theoretical process of consumer behavioral intentions bolstered by an organization “coming clean” instead of spinning in a scandal.
{"title":"Effects of a “spin doctor” in crisis communication: a serial mediation model of identification and attitudes impacting behavioral intentions","authors":"David E. Clementson","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1961720","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1961720","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This paper combines theories of identification and image repair to explain why an organization in crisis should avoid designing messages that engage in “spin.” An experiment is reported (N = 262 nationwide U.S. Qualtrics Panel) in which a company spokesperson replies to questions from a journalist in a news interview. Results indicate that people (a) identify more with the spokesperson, and (b) have more favorable attitudes toward the business, when the spokesperson directly answers rather than spins. Serial multiple mediator modeling reveals the theoretical process of consumer behavioral intentions bolstered by an organization “coming clean” instead of spinning in a scandal.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"282 - 292"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43094993","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-08DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1956450
Juliana L. Barbati, Stephen A. Rains, Bobi Ivanov, John Banas
ABSTRACT Despite more than six decades of research, foundational arguments about mechanisms proposed in inoculation theory to bring about persuasion resistance have gone untested. We conducted an experiment to examine a classic idea about the optimal strength of counterarguments and refutations in inoculation messages as well as a contemporary notion regarding forewarning. The results were inconsistent with the idea that weak counterarguments and strong refutations are optimal for fostering resistance. The contrast models examining the interaction between counterargument and refutation strength were not consistent with the expected patterns for traditional threat, motivational threat, counterarguing, or attitudinal resistance. The results did, however, offer some evidence for the importance of forewarning in inoculation messages. Including forewarning with a refutational preemption led to greater motivational threat relative to a refutational preemption without forewarning or a control message.
{"title":"Evaluating classic and contemporary ideas about persuasion resistance in inoculation theory: argument strength, refutation strength, and forewarning","authors":"Juliana L. Barbati, Stephen A. Rains, Bobi Ivanov, John Banas","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1956450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1956450","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite more than six decades of research, foundational arguments about mechanisms proposed in inoculation theory to bring about persuasion resistance have gone untested. We conducted an experiment to examine a classic idea about the optimal strength of counterarguments and refutations in inoculation messages as well as a contemporary notion regarding forewarning. The results were inconsistent with the idea that weak counterarguments and strong refutations are optimal for fostering resistance. The contrast models examining the interaction between counterargument and refutation strength were not consistent with the expected patterns for traditional threat, motivational threat, counterarguing, or attitudinal resistance. The results did, however, offer some evidence for the importance of forewarning in inoculation messages. Including forewarning with a refutational preemption led to greater motivational threat relative to a refutational preemption without forewarning or a control message.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"272 - 281"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45678345","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-08DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1943343
Joseph Schwartz, Josh Grimm, R. Zimmerman, M. Clement
ABSTRACT HIV continues to be serious issue in the U.S., especially for men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre–exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective means of preventing HIV, but its adoption has been slower than expected. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which MSM’s perceptions of their healthcare providers’ level of communication skill predicted PrEP status. An online survey of 969 MSM was conducted. The results showed that respondents who perceived that their healthcare provider was skilled in information giving, information receiving, and information verifying were more likely to be on PrEP than respondents who perceived their healthcare provider had a lower level of skill in these areas. These findings highlight the importance of providers’ communication skill in healthcare, particularly for MSM
{"title":"Exploring perceptions of healthcare providers’ communication skill and PrEP use in men who have sex with men","authors":"Joseph Schwartz, Josh Grimm, R. Zimmerman, M. Clement","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1943343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1943343","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT HIV continues to be serious issue in the U.S., especially for men who have sex with men (MSM). Pre–exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) is a highly effective means of preventing HIV, but its adoption has been slower than expected. The purpose of this study was to investigate the extent to which MSM’s perceptions of their healthcare providers’ level of communication skill predicted PrEP status. An online survey of 969 MSM was conducted. The results showed that respondents who perceived that their healthcare provider was skilled in information giving, information receiving, and information verifying were more likely to be on PrEP than respondents who perceived their healthcare provider had a lower level of skill in these areas. These findings highlight the importance of providers’ communication skill in healthcare, particularly for MSM","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"262 - 271"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08824096.2021.1943343","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49117007","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-17DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1930528
Nicholas T. Tatum
ABSTRACT There is an increasing need for instructors to develop meaningful relationships with college students in the classroom to better support student mental health and well-being. Developing instructor-student rapport offers one way to fulfill student relational needs and promote positive student outcomes in the classroom. However, there is a pronounced gap in what we know about specific strategy instructors can employ to build rapport with students. Thus, this study forwarded appropriate humor (i.e., related humor, unrelated humor) and confirmation (i.e., responding to questions, demonstrating interest, teaching style) as potential rapport-building strategies. Results suggested that both appropriate humor and confirmation are viable behavior instructors can use to build rapport with students, and practical suggestions for instructors hoping to build rapport in the classroom are outlined.
{"title":"Appropriate humor and confirmation as instructor rapport-building behaviors","authors":"Nicholas T. Tatum","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1930528","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1930528","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT There is an increasing need for instructors to develop meaningful relationships with college students in the classroom to better support student mental health and well-being. Developing instructor-student rapport offers one way to fulfill student relational needs and promote positive student outcomes in the classroom. However, there is a pronounced gap in what we know about specific strategy instructors can employ to build rapport with students. Thus, this study forwarded appropriate humor (i.e., related humor, unrelated humor) and confirmation (i.e., responding to questions, demonstrating interest, teaching style) as potential rapport-building strategies. Results suggested that both appropriate humor and confirmation are viable behavior instructors can use to build rapport with students, and practical suggestions for instructors hoping to build rapport in the classroom are outlined.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"241 - 249"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08824096.2021.1930528","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43547369","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-10DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1936480
Gregory A. Cranmer, Rikishi T. Rey, Meghnaa Tallapragada
ABSTRACT Investigations into parents’ role as health referents in the management of sport-related concussion (SRC) are on the rise. This study contributes to these efforts by exploring the efficacy of concussion intervention materials to promote conversational intentions because of parents’ orientations toward football and SRC management. Data collected from 600 parents of middle and high school football players offered support for an indirect effect of family sport orientations on SRC conversation intentions after reading concussion intervention material via perceptions of argument strength and self-efficacy, sequentially (i.e., serial mediation). These results underscore the importance of recognizing the characteristics and belief systems of parents when involving them in SRC management efforts.
{"title":"Exploring the role of parents’ sport orientations in the efficacy of concussion intervention materials","authors":"Gregory A. Cranmer, Rikishi T. Rey, Meghnaa Tallapragada","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1936480","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1936480","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Investigations into parents’ role as health referents in the management of sport-related concussion (SRC) are on the rise. This study contributes to these efforts by exploring the efficacy of concussion intervention materials to promote conversational intentions because of parents’ orientations toward football and SRC management. Data collected from 600 parents of middle and high school football players offered support for an indirect effect of family sport orientations on SRC conversation intentions after reading concussion intervention material via perceptions of argument strength and self-efficacy, sequentially (i.e., serial mediation). These results underscore the importance of recognizing the characteristics and belief systems of parents when involving them in SRC management efforts.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"250 - 261"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08824096.2021.1936480","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47611891","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-06-06DOI: 10.1080/08824096.2021.1922373
Jian Jiao
ABSTRACT Research has repeatedly shown the influences of family communication patterns on both individual well-being and family functioning. However, although attachment theory also emphasizes the significance of family interactions, very few studies have looked at the associations between family communication patterns and individuals’ attachment orientations. Relying on cross-sectional data collected from 238 emerging adults recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk), this study examined how family communication patterns related to emerging adults’ attachment orientations toward their parents and romantic partners. Results showed that conformity orientation consistently predicted attachment anxiety and avoidance in both parent-child and romantic contexts, while conversation orientation only predicted emerging adults’ attachment avoidance toward parents. Further, conversation orientation strengthened the positive associations between conformity orientation and attachment insecurity. Overall, the findings suggest that conformity-oriented family communication might lead to attachment anxiety and avoidance across emerging adults’ close relationships, and consensual families might have the least securely-attached emerging adults.
{"title":"Family communication patterns and emerging adults’ attachment with parents and romantic partners","authors":"Jian Jiao","doi":"10.1080/08824096.2021.1922373","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/08824096.2021.1922373","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Research has repeatedly shown the influences of family communication patterns on both individual well-being and family functioning. However, although attachment theory also emphasizes the significance of family interactions, very few studies have looked at the associations between family communication patterns and individuals’ attachment orientations. Relying on cross-sectional data collected from 238 emerging adults recruited from Amazon’s Mechanical Turk (MTurk), this study examined how family communication patterns related to emerging adults’ attachment orientations toward their parents and romantic partners. Results showed that conformity orientation consistently predicted attachment anxiety and avoidance in both parent-child and romantic contexts, while conversation orientation only predicted emerging adults’ attachment avoidance toward parents. Further, conversation orientation strengthened the positive associations between conformity orientation and attachment insecurity. Overall, the findings suggest that conformity-oriented family communication might lead to attachment anxiety and avoidance across emerging adults’ close relationships, and consensual families might have the least securely-attached emerging adults.","PeriodicalId":47084,"journal":{"name":"Communication Research Reports","volume":"38 1","pages":"229 - 240"},"PeriodicalIF":1.3,"publicationDate":"2021-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1080/08824096.2021.1922373","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42667673","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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