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Urinary Incontinence and Quality of Life: A Cross-Sectional Study. 尿失禁与生活质量:一项横断面研究
IF 16.4 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-06-08 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241256869
Tania L Shearon, Jeffrey L Alexander

Over half of women in the United States report urinary incontinence (UI). This condition can be treated conservatively, but many people do not seek treatment. The current correlational study assessed women's knowledge of UI. Specifically, we investigated the relationships between knowledge level about UI and quality of life (QoL), and between severity level of UI and QoL. A convenience cross-sectional sample of 39 older women was obtained from two YMCA locations. Data were analyzed using the Spearman rank-order correlation coefficient. A significant relationship was found between severity of UI and QoL, rs = -.73, p < .001; no relationship was found between knowledge level of UI and QoL, rs = .24, p = .13. Results suggested women's knowledge about the causes of UI and conservative therapy is limited. Occupational therapists need to address UI with their patients and educate them about treatment options and availability.

在美国,一半以上的女性都患有尿失禁(UI)。这种情况可以通过保守治疗,但很多人并不寻求治疗。本相关研究评估了女性对尿失禁的了解程度。具体而言,我们调查了尿失禁知识水平与生活质量(QoL)之间的关系,以及尿失禁严重程度与 QoL 之间的关系。我们从两个基督教青年会地点获得了 39 名老年妇女的方便横截面样本。数据采用斯皮尔曼秩相关系数进行分析。结果发现,尿失禁严重程度与 QoL 之间存在明显关系,rs = -.73,p < .001;尿失禁知识水平与 QoL 之间没有关系,rs = .24,p = .13。结果表明,女性对尿失禁的原因和保守疗法的了解有限。职业治疗师需要与患者一起解决尿失禁问题,并向她们介绍治疗方案和可用性。
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引用次数: 0
Parenting With and Beyond Cancer: A Photo-Elicitation Study. 与癌症为伴和超越癌症的父母:照片激发研究
IF 16.4 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2023-12-30 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231217746
Kara Glazer, Diya Wazirali, Laura Koszer, Benjamin Ezra Canter, Brianna Pinto, Laura Stursberg, Wendy J Coster, Robin Newman

The purpose of this study was to understand the occupational performance of parents with cancer and to understand if photo-elicitation would provide new insights into these experiences. In a semi-structured photo-elicitation interview, 36 participants living with and beyond cancer who had children under 18 years old shared and discussed photographs related to their parenting experiences. Transcribed interviews were analyzed using thematic analysis. Two main themes were identified. Parents shared how they (a) managed daily responsibilities and (b) maintained connection with their family. Across all types, stages and phases of the cancer continuum parents shared experiences related to maintaining child and family responsibilities and maintaining connection with their children. Photo-elicitation was an efficient and effective method to gather rich data from parents living with cancer. The results emphasize the clinical utility of using photo-elicitation to understand the occupational performance of parents throughout the cancer continuum of care.

本研究的目的是了解癌症父母的职业表现,并了解照片启发法是否能为这些经历提供新的见解。在一个半结构化的照片激发访谈中,36 名患有癌症或已痊愈并有 18 岁以下子女的参与者分享并讨论了与他们养育子女经历有关的照片。我们采用主题分析法对访谈记录进行了分析。确定了两大主题。父母们分享了他们如何(a)处理日常责任和(b)与家人保持联系。在癌症的所有类型、阶段和阶段中,父母都分享了与维持子女和家庭责任以及与子女保持联系有关的经验。照片诱导是一种高效且有效的方法,可以从身患癌症的父母那里收集到丰富的数据。研究结果强调了使用照片诱导来了解父母在整个癌症持续护理过程中的职业表现的临床实用性。
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引用次数: 0
A Fall Prevention Feasibility Trial for People With HIV and Alcohol Use. 针对艾滋病病毒感染者和酗酒者的预防跌倒可行性试验。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-30 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241238956
Simone V Gill, Danny Shin, Theresa W Kim, Kara M Magane, Timothy Hereen, Michael Winter, Christine Helfrich, Richard Saitz

Alcohol contributes to higher fall risk in people living with HIV (PLWH), yet fall prevention trials for PWH with alcohol use are lacking. To assess the feasibility of conducting a randomized controlled trial of a 10-week online fall prevention intervention tailored for PLWH with alcohol use. The intervention consisted of weekly virtual group discussions, individual phone check-ins, and home exercises. Of those eligible, 53.5% (23/43) enrolled (12 to the intervention and 11 to control). Mean age was 58 years; 82.6% had a past 6-month fall; 65.2% had alcohol use disorder; and 95.7% completed postintervention assessments. The intervention was highly rated (Client Satisfaction Questionnaire-8 score M = 30.4, SD = 1.6) with a wide range of group and individual phone session attendance. Preliminary analyses suggest the intervention may reduce the odds of falling and alcohol use frequency. Findings support the feasibility of a larger randomized trial. ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT04804579.

酒精会导致艾滋病病毒感染者(PLWH)更高的跌倒风险,但目前还缺乏针对酗酒的艾滋病病毒感染者的跌倒预防试验。目的是评估针对酗酒的艾滋病感染者开展为期 10 周的在线跌倒预防干预随机对照试验的可行性。干预措施包括每周一次的虚拟小组讨论、个人电话检查和家庭练习。符合条件者中,53.5%(23/43)的人参加了干预试验(12 人参加干预试验,11 人参加对照试验)。平均年龄为 58 岁;82.6% 的人在过去 6 个月中跌倒过;65.2% 的人患有酒精使用障碍;95.7% 的人完成了干预后评估。干预措施获得了很高的评价(客户满意度问卷-8得分中位数=30.4,标准差=1.6),小组和个人电话会议的出席率范围很广。初步分析表明,干预措施可降低跌倒几率和酗酒频率。研究结果支持进行更大规模随机试验的可行性。ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier:NCT04804579。
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引用次数: 0
An Investigation of the Professional Resilience Strategies Used by Experienced Occupational Therapists. 对经验丰富的职业治疗师所使用的职业复原策略的调查。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241237740
Samantha Ashby, Katrina Watkins, Kylie Wales

There is a paucity of research into the strategies occupational therapists use to maintain career longevity professional resilience. The objective of the study was to identify the strategies used by occupational therapists to maintain their professional resilience. Descriptive statistics were used to analyze data from a cross-sectional survey that investigated the professional resilience strategies used by experienced occupational therapists. Valid responses were received from 489 occupational therapists from 29 countries. The most used professional resilience strategies were maintaining a belief in the value of occupational therapy, taking time for reflection on positive outcomes, using personal time management strategies, and engagement in informal and formal professional support networks. A range of professional resilience strategies are used by experienced occupational therapists in health and social care settings. The findings can be used by managers and workplace organizations to support their occupational therapy workforce.

有关职业治疗师为保持职业寿命和专业复原力而采取的策略的研究很少。本研究的目的是确定职业治疗师为保持职业弹性所采用的策略。本研究采用描述性统计方法对一项横截面调查的数据进行分析,调查了经验丰富的职业治疗师所使用的职业复原力策略。调查收到了来自 29 个国家的 489 名职业治疗师的有效回复。使用最多的职业抗压策略是保持对职业治疗价值的信念、花时间反思积极成果、使用个人时间管理策略以及参与非正式和正式的职业支持网络。经验丰富的职业治疗师在医疗和社会护理环境中使用了一系列专业抗压策略。管理者和工作场所组织可利用研究结果为其职业治疗人员提供支持。
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引用次数: 0
Mental Health Mediators for Subjective, Not Objective, Cognition, and Community Participation Poststroke. 中风后主观(而非客观)认知和社区参与的心理健康中介因素。
IF 16.4 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-17 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241238949
Yejin Lee, Marjorie L Nicholas, Lisa Tabor Connor

Previous studies have stated that both objective and subjective cognitive abilities and mental health symptoms are associated with community participation poststroke. However, there is a need to understand the direct and indirect associations among these variables in persons with stroke. The objective of this study was to investigate whether mental health symptoms mediate the associations of subjective and objective cognitive abilities with community participation poststroke. We built regression-based mediation models with 74 participants with mild to moderate stroke. Independent variables were objective and subjective cognitive abilities. The dependent variable was community participation. Mediators were mental health symptoms including depression, apathy, and anxiety. The results indicated that depression (b = .093), apathy (b = .134), and anxiety (b = .116) fully mediated the association between subjective cognitive ability (p < .05), but not objective cognitive ability (p > .05), and community participation poststroke. Our findings suggest that poor subjective cognitive ability combined with mental health symptoms should be addressed together to promote community participation poststroke.

以往的研究表明,客观和主观认知能力及心理健康症状与脑卒中后的社区参与有关。然而,有必要了解这些变量在脑卒中患者中的直接和间接关联。本研究旨在探讨心理健康症状是否能调节主观和客观认知能力与脑卒中后社区参与的关系。我们对 74 名轻度至中度脑卒中患者建立了基于回归的中介模型。自变量为客观和主观认知能力。因变量为社区参与。中介变量是心理健康症状,包括抑郁、冷漠和焦虑。结果表明,抑郁(b = .093)、冷漠(b = .134)和焦虑(b = .116)完全介导了主观认知能力(p < .05)而非客观认知能力(p > .05)与脑卒中后社区参与之间的关系。我们的研究结果表明,主观认知能力差与心理健康症状应结合起来处理,以促进脑卒中后的社区参与。
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引用次数: 0
Occupational Therapy Practitioners' Perceptions of Providing Services for the Acute Postpartum Population. 职业治疗师对为急性产后人群提供服务的看法。
IF 16.4 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-04 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241234846
Sarah S Sidar, Alysha Skuthan

Occupational therapy practitioners' (OTP's) perceptions of their role in working on the acute postpartum hospital unit are unknown. The objective of this research was to determine the perspectives of OTP's enrolled in a continuing education course to gain competency in providing services to acute postpartum patients. Investigators engaged in a phenomenology consisting of semi-structured interviews with six OTP's working in acute care hospitals preparing to work on the postpartum unit. Three themes emerged from transcripts: (a) Its' Not THAT Different; (b) Willing To Try; and (c) Shifting Focus To Mom. OTPs working in hospitals identified existing skills applicable to working with acute postpartum patients, a need for additional learning to enhance competence, and a desire to focus support for the birthing person to improve maternal outcomes. Hospital onboarding and/or entry-level OTP programs should consider including education on the postpartum population. Future research should focus on program implementation on acute postpartum hospital units.

职业治疗从业人员(OTP)对其在急性产后病房工作中的角色的看法尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定参加继续教育课程的职业治疗师的观点,以获得为急性产后病人提供服务的能力。研究人员对六名在急症医院工作、准备在产后病房工作的产科医生进行了半结构式访谈。访谈记录中出现了三个主题:(a) 并无太大不同;(b) 愿意尝试;(c) 将重点转移到妈妈身上。在医院工作的 OTP 发现,现有的技能适用于与急性产后病人打交道,需要额外学习以提高能力,并希望重点支持分娩者,以改善产妇的预后。医院的入职培训和/或入门级 OTP 计划应考虑纳入有关产后人群的教育内容。未来的研究应重点关注产后急诊病房的计划实施情况。
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引用次数: 0
Mothers' Perspectives: Daily Life When Your Child Has Sensory Differences. 母亲的视角:孩子有感官差异时的日常生活。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-19 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241238357
Susan Allen, Amanda Branson, Shelly J Lane, Fiona J Knott

A child's sensory processing and sensory integration (SP-SI) differences can be a barrier to participation in daily life for both child and mother. Supporting mothers is advocated for, but little is known about the everyday experiences of these mothers. To gain an understanding of daily life for mothers and their children with SP-SI differences. Qualitative semi-structured interviews with six mothers were analyzed through thematic analysis. Theme 1 described the impact of child SP-SI on daily life, including challenges in occupations across environments, adaptations required, and the lack of knowledge and understanding from social and professional networks. Theme 2 identified what helps: empowering mothers through relationships based on listening, gaining knowledge, and understanding, and adapting the activity and the environment. Mothers report that their child's SP-SI differences impact daily occupations and social relationships. In addition, supportive relationships, adapting activities, and adapting the environment, support participation.

儿童的感觉处理和感觉统合(SP-SI)差异可能会成为儿童和母亲参与日常生活的障碍。人们提倡为母亲提供支持,但对这些母亲的日常生活经验却知之甚少。为了了解有 SP-SI 差异的母亲及其子女的日常生活。我们通过主题分析法对六位母亲的半结构式定性访谈进行了分析。主题 1 描述了 SP-SI 儿童对日常生活的影响,包括在不同环境中的职业挑战、所需的适应以及缺乏社会和专业网络的知识和理解。主题 2 指出了有哪些帮助:通过基于倾听的关系、获取知识和理解以及调整活动和环境来增强母亲的能力。母亲们表示,她们孩子的 SP-SI 差异影响了日常职业和社会关系。此外,支持性关系、调整活动和环境也有助于参与。
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引用次数: 0
The Effect of IVF Treatments for Infertility on Occupational Balance. 试管婴儿治疗不孕症对职业平衡的影响。
IF 16.4 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-08-01 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241267255
Lindsay Leigh, Alysha Skuthan

The utilization of assisted reproductive technologies (ART), including in vitro fertilization (IVF), has doubled in the past decade. The occupational balance of women undergoing infertility and its treatments is unknown. A qualitative study to investigate the occupational balance of women undergoing IVF for infertility was completed. Ten women currently undergoing or having undergone IVF were interviewed. Thematic analysis was used to analyze the effect of IVF on occupational balance. Three themes emerged, tunnel vision, it's all on me, and I'm not enough, highlighting the challenges faced by women during the IVF journey that affect their occupational balance. Participants reported a lack of occupational balance due to the intense focus on IVF, overwhelming responsibilities, inadequate support, anxiety, depression, and self-doubt. Comprehensive, holistic support and intervention are necessary to address the occupational well-being of women undergoing IVF and can be provided by OTPs.

在过去十年中,包括体外受精(IVF)在内的辅助生殖技术(ART)的使用率翻了一番。接受不孕症及其治疗的妇女的职业平衡情况尚不清楚。我们完成了一项定性研究,调查了接受体外受精治疗的不孕症妇女的职业平衡情况。十名正在接受或曾经接受试管婴儿治疗的妇女接受了访谈。研究采用了主题分析法来分析试管婴儿对职业平衡的影响。出现了三个主题:隧道视野、全靠自己和我还不够,突出了妇女在试管婴儿过程中面临的影响其职业平衡的挑战。参与者表示,由于对试管婴儿的高度关注、压倒性的责任、支持不足、焦虑、抑郁和自我怀疑,她们缺乏职业平衡。要解决接受试管婴儿的妇女的职业平衡问题,就必须提供全面、整体的支持和干预,而职业培训中心可以提供这些支持和干预。
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引用次数: 0
Participation Patterns and Associated Factors in Japanese Children With Autism. 日本自闭症儿童的参与模式及相关因素。
IF 1.5 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/15394492241237741
Yuto Iwanaga, Goro Tanaka, Michio Maruta, Hiroyasu Shiozu, Mizuho Kawanaka, Ryoichiro Iwanaga

Background: Children's participation is an important outcome for children, families, and rehabilitation.

Objectives: We compared participation patterns (home and community) of 6- to 12-year-old Japanese children with autism and children with typical development (TD) and explored the associations of participation with familial, environmental, and child-related factors.

Method: Twenty-five mothers of children with autism and 21 mothers of TD children completed a survey covering their child's participation and environment, family empowerment, autism symptoms, sensory processing, behavior, and demographic characteristics.

Results: Children with autism showed restricted home and community participation. Home involvement was associated with family empowerment and the children's age, whereas home frequency was linked to environmental supportiveness and household income.

Conclusion: Japanese children with autism need appropriate support to address decreased participation. Occupational therapists may focus on family empowerment and the child's environment to facilitate the home participation of children with autism.

背景:儿童参与是儿童、家庭和康复的重要成果:儿童参与是儿童、家庭和康复的重要成果:我们比较了 6 至 12 岁日本自闭症儿童和典型发育(TD)儿童的参与模式(家庭和社区),并探讨了参与与家庭、环境和儿童相关因素的关系:25位自闭症儿童的母亲和21位TD儿童的母亲完成了一项调查,内容包括孩子的参与和环境、家庭赋权、自闭症症状、感觉处理、行为和人口特征:结果:自闭症儿童的家庭和社区参与受到限制。结果:自闭症儿童的家庭和社区参与受到限制,家庭参与与家庭能力和儿童年龄有关,而家庭参与频率与环境支持和家庭收入有关:结论:日本自闭症儿童需要适当的支持来解决参与度降低的问题。结论:日本自闭症儿童需要适当的支持来解决参与度降低的问题,职业治疗师可将重点放在家庭赋权和儿童环境上,以促进自闭症儿童的家庭参与。
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引用次数: 0
A Mixed-Methods Examination of Lost Occupational Choice in Retirement. 对退休后失去职业选择的混合方法研究。
IF 16.4 4区 医学 Q3 REHABILITATION Pub Date : 2025-01-01 Epub Date: 2024-01-22 DOI: 10.1177/15394492231221964
Maren Wright Voss, Lorie Gage Richards, Pollie Price, Alexandra Terrill, Lori Wadsworth, Man Hung

Lost work opportunity and forced retirement demonstrate negative health impacts related to occupational deprivation. Measuring occupational loss during the retirement transition can be problematic. The objective of the study is to clarify measurement of involuntary retirement in its relationship to occupational loss and deprivation. Using an explanatory sequential mixed-methods design, survey data on unemployment, forced retirement, and earlier-than-planned retirement from 195 screened retirees yielded 102 reporting at least one lost work opportunity event, with 18 interviewed about occupational loss within the analytic timeframe. Planned retirement age was similar for full-employment and lost work opportunity groups. Actual retirement age was earlier in the lost work opportunity sample (age 57.5 compared with 61.2). Interviews identified a 22% discrepancy between forced retirement reported in survey versus interview data. Themes emerging from the interviews indicated financial and identity challenges from lost work opportunity, a dialectical trade-off between lost opportunity and daily freedom, and overall resilience.

失去工作机会和被迫退休显示出与职业剥夺有关的负面健康影响。衡量退休过渡期的职业损失可能存在问题。本研究的目的是澄清衡量非自愿退休与职业损失和剥夺的关系。采用解释性顺序混合方法设计,对 195 名经过筛选的退休人员进行了有关失业、被迫退休和比计划提前退休的调查,其中 102 人报告了至少一次失去工作机会的事件,18 人在分析时间范围内接受了有关职业损失的访谈。充分就业组和失去工作机会组的计划退休年龄相似。失去工作机会样本的实际退休年龄较早(57.5 岁,61.2 岁)。访谈发现,调查报告中的强迫退休与访谈数据之间存在 22% 的差异。访谈中出现的主题包括失去工作机会带来的经济和身份挑战、在失去机会和日常自由之间的辩证权衡以及整体复原力。
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引用次数: 0
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Otjr-Occupation Participation and Health
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