Otjr-Occupation Participation and Health最新文献

Internet gaming disorder (IGD) is an increasing public health concern, particularly among adolescents. This study aimed to investigate the associations between IGD, executive functions, occupational balance, and quality of life in adolescents. A cross-sectional study was conducted online with 62 adolescents aged from 12 to 18 years, including 31 diagnosed with IGD and 31 healthy controls. Measures included the Internet Gaming Disorder Test, Teenage Executive Functioning Inventory, Adolescent Occupational Balance Scale, and Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory. Adolescents with IGD had significantly lower executive functioning (p < .001), occupational balance (p = .00), and quality of life (p = .00) compared to controls. A moderate correlation was found between IGD severity and executive dysfunction (r = .457, p = .01). Findings suggest that IGD is associated with lower executive functions, occupational balance, and quality of life in adolescents, and that a moderate positive association was also found between executive functions and IGD.

Clubhouses are an international community-based psychosocial approach to mental health recovery. The aim of the study was to investigate whether the current and future needs of Kindred Clubhouse members were being met. A co-design ethnographic methodology was used. Kindred Clubhouse met many needs of its members. It provides a collaborative, consistent, supportive and inclusive environment fostering connections, skill development, a sense of purpose and the maintenance of health and well-being through peer support and participation in meaningful activities and occupations. Areas for development were expanded operating hours, sufficient meaningful work to sustain a work-ordered day, and support for employment and housing. Lack of stable funding limits Kindred's ability to fully meet the needs of its members. Despite insecure funding, Kindred Clubhouse is a valued community service offering a member-led recovery approach supporting many of the occupational, social and community needs of people with mental health challenges.

The Child and Adolescent Scale of Participation (CASP) requires further psychometric validation across languages to assess participation in adolescents with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This study evaluated the psychometric properties of the Persian CASP in adolescents with ASD. The study involved 100 adolescents with ASD and 50 typically developing peers, assessing reliability and validity using Persian CASP, confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), discriminant, and convergent validity. The Persian CASP showed excellent internal consistency (Cronbach's α = 0.94) and test-retest reliability (ICC = 0.95). CFA with the diagonally weighted least squares estimator supported a one-factor model, with moderate fit: comparative fit index = 0.925, normed fit index = 0.895, goodness-of-fit index = 0.750, root mean square error of approximation = 0.108, chi-square/degree of freedom ratio = 3.05. Factor loadings ranged from 0.45 to 0.78. Participation differed significantly between groups (p < 0.001). Strong PedsQL correlations supported convergent validity. The Persian CASP demonstrates good reliability and validity, though CFA results indicate only moderate model fit.

Sibling relationships are central to family life, and siblings of children with disabilities often play major caregiving roles. Yet, it remains unknown how a child's cerebral palsy (CP) impacts siblings' everyday experiences. To describe how siblings of children with CP experience participation in everyday activities and their perceived support and challenges. We used a qualitative descriptive design, semi-structured interviews with 16 families (25 siblings, 16 children with CP, 29 parents) in Switzerland, and qualitative content analysis. Siblings' participation experiences encompass (a) different types of meaningful activities; (b) distinct support needs, challenges, and feelings of being overlooked; (c) hidden tensions and ambivalent feelings when doing activities. Siblings have diverse experiences including joyful and challenging everyday activities. Tensions arise when navigating roles, family dynamics, and societal expectations. This study underscores the need to prioritize siblings' perspectives in research and practice to enhance their agency, inclusion, and well-being.

Ankylosing spondylitis (AS) is a progressive form of spondyloarthritis involving inflammation of the spine, accompanied by deficits in occupational performance. Although occupational therapy (OT) for AS is not as widely documented as in other professions, studies have examined the benefits of OT on pain, function, and disability among AS patients. This review explored assessments and interventions used by OT practitioners working with AS clients, impairments addressed, and settings of practice. Eight databases and gray literature were searched in April 2024. A total of 17 records were included. The only standardized assessment tool implemented was the Canadian Occupational Performance Measure (COPM). The most common interventions were joint or spinal protection strategies and adaptive equipment training, followed by ADL or functional training. Although findings suggest that OT practitioners support people with AS in many health care settings, there is still limited research, and additional studies are needed to best guide evidence-based practice.

The purpose of the study was to elucidate the occupational challenges of re-entrants. Convenience and snowball recruitment strategies were used to solicit participants for this exploratory, interpretive phenomenological approach study. Five re-entry service providers and four re-entrants completed extensive interviews. Three levels of open, axial coding were completed with the transcripts. Two primary contexts were acknowledged between service providers and re-entrants: Barriers and Successful Reintegration. Themes were identified: Appreciating Re-entrants' Narratives, Person Centered Approach, Networking and Relationships, and Process & Transformation. Service providers perceived re-entrants as focusing on stability in the re-entrants' lives. Re-entrants reflected on their occupational engagement to include obtaining employment, maintaining mental health stability, and adapting to the demands of society. The results suggest a need to better understand the unique and individual needs of re-entrants and the complexity of occupational engagement and co-occupations within community re-entry.

Many performance-based tools to assess hand function fall short of providing assessment in an occupation-based fashion. Here we report the interrater reliability of a standardized upper extremity (UE) assessment, the Suitcase Packing Activity (SPA), in individuals who sustained hand burns. We included adults with deep partial thickness or full thickness burns of one or both hands. Unstable orthopedic UE injuries, amputation of the thumb or UE, and/or mild cognitive deficits were excluded. SPA performance was independently rated by 2-3 assessors. Thirty participants, mean age 40.5 (SD = 14.7) years, 66.7% male were included. Interclass Correlation Coefficients Model 3, single rater, absolute agreement (ICC3,1) was used to assess interrater reliability. The ICC3,1 was 1.000 for total time, > 0.923 for accuracy score, and 1.000 for efficiency score. The SPA demonstrates good to excellent interrater reliability and suggests the validity of the SPA assess hand function after burn injury in an occupation-based manner.

Understanding that excess body weight can increase disability and limit daily occupations, occupational therapists must consider how to support patients with weight management within a larger health care system. To develop a clinical tool for health care professionals to (a) support referrals to occupational therapists to address weight management and (b) assess priorities for weight management interventions. This research utilized a co-design process with six occupational therapists from primary care to design a screening tool prototype. The design process revealed three challenges to supporting patients with excess body weight that were addressed through the design elements of the screening tool: (a) weight is a "sticky" topic, (b) negative messaging around weight can adversely impact patient care, and (c) occupational therapy involvement in weight management is impacted by a lack of referrals. This design process yielded the Occupational Therapy Health Routines Screening Tool prototype.

Social frailty (SF) involves reduced social participation, roles, and support, and it is associated with adverse health outcomes. However, the relationship between SF and occupational participation, particularly hobbies, remains underexplored. We examined the association between SF and occupational participation, particularly hobbies, among older adults. A cross-sectional survey of 1,000 older adults in Japan (mean age: 74.08 ± 5.48 years) was conducted online. Participants were classified as robust, pre-SF (PSF), or SF using Makizako's five-item criteria. Occupational participation was assessed using the Self-Completed Occupational Performance Index. Hobby categories and their frequencies were also recorded. Occupational participation was lower in SF than in PSF and robust. Participation in productive activities was negatively associated with PSF and SF, while leisure activities and cultural and artistic hobbies were negatively associated with SF. Occupational therapy should emphasize occupational participation and hobby engagement to help older adults cope with social frailty.

Children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) often present co-occurring sensory reactivity differences and balance deficits. This randomized controlled trial examined if a 16-week sensory-motor exercise program could improve balance and sensory reactivity in autistic children. Twenty children (6-12 years) were randomized to the intervention group (n = 10) or a conventional therapy control (n = 10), and sixteen children (eight per group) completed the study. The primary outcome was balance (Berg Balance Scale, BBS); the secondary, exploratory outcome was parent-reported sensory reactivity (Short Sensory Profile, SSP). The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements in balance (p < .001) and parent-reported reductions in atypical sensory reactivity (p < .001). These results support incorporating structured sensory-motor activities into therapeutic programs for ASD to enhance children's functional balance, reduce atypical sensory reactivity, and improve their participation in daily life activities, which are critical components of occupational performance.