Otjr-Occupation Participation and Health最新文献

First-generation students face structural barriers and demonstrate lower self-regulated learning (SRL) than continuing-generation peers. SRL is essential for engagement and preparation for occupational therapy practice. This study examined effects of an Academic Self-Regulation (ASR) program, supported by a mobile app, on SRL among first- and continuing-generation health professions students. Mixed methods with a pretest-posttest survey and semi-structured interviews. Using the Self-Regulated Learning Perception Scale (SRLPS), first-generation students (n = 11) scored lower than continuing-generation peers (n = 6) in motivation, planning, and self-directedness at baseline. Among the eight students completing pre/post surveys, large effect sizes (Cohen's d = 1.41-1.64) indicated improvements across all domains, eliminating group differences. Satisfaction was high (M = 4.21/5). Qualitative data highlighted greater planning, strategic learning, and ownership of learning. Structured SRL instruction with digital tools may enhance academic participation, promote equity, and support professional development in occupational therapy education.

This study aimed to determine the effects of cognitive function, activities of daily living independence, behavioral and psychological symptoms of dementia (BPSD), and the diversity of activities and participation on the quality of life (QOL) of institutionalized older adults with dementia. The causal structure of these variables was also explored using structural equation modeling (SEM) based on our hypotheses. Conducted between August 2021 and December 2024, this cross-sectional study comprised 103 older adults admitted to care facilities in Japan. The SEM results and path diagram showed that BPSD had a direct negative effect on QOL, whereas the diversity of activities and participation had direct and indirect positive effects. Cognitive function had an indirectly positive effect on QOL via the diversity of activities and participation. Therefore, reducing BPSD and providing a diversity of activities and participation may contribute to improving the QOL.

Occupational balance, self-management, and quality of life (QoL) are interrelated factors that play a critical role in well-being of individuals with epilepsy. This study examined the associations between occupational balance, self-management, and QoL in adults with epilepsy. A cross-sectional-study included 71 adults with epilepsy. Participants completed the Occupational Balance Questionnaire (OBQ), Epilepsy Self-Management Scale (ESMS), and Quality of Life in Epilepsy Inventory-31 (QOLIE-31). Data were analyzed using Spearman's rank correlation. OBQ scores showed positive correlations with the ESMS total (r = .331, p < .01) and QOLIE-31 total (r = .251, p < .05). Moderate associations were also found with emotional well-being (r = .424, p < .01) and overall QoL (r = .425, p < .01). Findings suggest that facilitating a healthy balance of daily activities may enhance both emotional well-being and self-management in individuals with epilepsy. For occupational therapists, integrating occupation-centered strategies to foster balance may lead to meaningful improvements in self-care, independence, and long-term QoL, thereby providing clear and practical guidance for clinical interventions in epilepsy care.

Occupational disruption (OD) is common during the perinatal period. Occupational therapy (OT) intervention may improve knowledge of perinatal occupational balance (OB) strategies. The aim of this exploratory study was to evaluate the effectiveness of an OT intervention in increasing knowledge of perinatal OB strategies among working first-time mothers (WFTMs). A total of 30 perinatal WFTMs attended a virtual OT educational workshop that addressed the OB constructs of stress management, energy conservation, sleep hygiene, and routine management. Pre- and post-intervention surveys measured OD and self-reported knowledge of OB strategies. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and paired samples t-tests. Participants reported moderate OD across all OB constructs. Statistically significant improvements were noted in knowledge of OB strategies to improve energy conservation (p = .003) and overall OB (p = .001). OT intervention can improve knowledge of OB strategies in perinatal WFTMs. Including OB education in routine perinatal care shows promise.

No unifying or explicit definition of positive social functioning exists within the health literature, rather dysfunction is the focus. This research examines the conceptualization and operationalizations of non-dysfunctional social functioning in emerging adults. A scoping review following Joanna Briggs Institute's methodology was conducted. Criteria were developed using the Participants, Concept, and Context framework. Participants: Individuals 16-29 years old. Concept: Social functioning in humans. Context: Social sciences. Thirty-seven studies published within the social science literature between 1990 and 2021 were included. Examination of variables used by included studies yielded a new multi-level definition of social functioning that is focused on positive functioning, rather than on dysfunction. This study introduces a novel, multi-level definition of social functioning in emerging adulthood, highlighting measurable components that can guide interventions and research fostering positive social functioning and participation.

The Raising Families Project delivered three, 12-week cohorts of interprofessional services alongside graduate student training, where weekly evaluation surveys provided formative data. This article examines quality improvement via ongoing formative program evaluation. The purpose of the current study was to gather and analyze Raising Families Project participant feedback relating to program delivery logistics, to improve ongoing and future program delivery and quality. A total of 347 weekly evaluation surveys were collected from caregivers (n = 37), students (n = 35), and clinicians (n = 7). Descriptive statistics and reflexive thematic analysis were utilized to analyze survey data. Five themes were developed related to quality improvement, namely immediate vs. sustained adjustments, logistical enhancements, challenging flexibility, collaborative benefits/varied meaning, revealing complexity of participants' preferences, alongside iterative improvements resulting from feedback. Findings suggest the need to include formative evaluation, to embed the caregiver/family in interprofessional approaches, and to consider individuals' needs in practice.

Individuals with unreliable, minimal, or non-speaking autism face significant challenges in expressing themselves. Historically, these communication difficulties have been attributed to cognitive deficits, however, emerging research suggests that apraxia, may be a primary barrier to effective communication. This study aims to explore the role of apraxia affecting speech, and how society views and supports communication. This auto-ethnographic study is informed by the lived experiences of three minimally speaking autistic individuals, highlighting the disconnect between cognitive capacity and expressive speech. The analysis resulted in the following themes: (a) apraxia as a global motor impairment and (b) disconnecting apraxia from intellectual function. This research underscores the need for adaptive communication strategies and inclusive policies that recognize intelligence and cognitive capabilities beyond verbal outputs. A shift toward understanding the impact of apraxia on communication within this population will foster more equitable access to education, health care, and social participation.

Public safety personnel (PSP) have higher rates of work-related psychological injuries compared to the general public. Occupational therapists frequently provide rehabilitation and return to work (RTW) services for PSP. In order to understand the usage of occupational therapy (OT) treatment with psychologically injured PSP from British Columbia, Canada, a descriptive quantitative approach was used to explore summary data provided by WorkSafeBC (WSBC) for psychologically injured PSP who had an accepted mental disorder injury claim between 2019 and 2023, comparing those who received community OT treatment and those who did not. The data revealed that PSP with greater injury severity and longer lengths of time away from work more frequently received OT treatment as part of their WSBC mental disorder injury claim; it is possible that this higher degree of claim complexity influenced their RTW outcomes. Workers' compensation organizations should review their RTW processes to ensure prompt access to relevant treatment and supports, including occupational therapy.

Involving people with lived experience is important to mental health service design, development, and research. This study explored the personal meaning and impact of participating in lived experience opportunities for consumers and carers. Six semi-structured interviews with consumer and carer volunteers at an Australian community mental health service were analyzed through an interpretative phenomenological lens. A steering group, formed by staff with lived expertise, guided the research. Five themes were identified: "Transforming negative experiences into positive contributions," "Self-growth through lived experience participation," "Connections and support through lived experience participation," "Considerations for supporting consumers and carers in a team," and "Considerations for setting up voluntary lived experience participation roles." Lived experience engagement is meaningful to consumers and carers. Creating safe-enough environments that support participation in decision-making requires valuing diverse opinions, having supportive facilitators, acknowledging demands of sharing lived experiences, and paid remuneration.

This qualitative research explored the underresearched area of subjective meaning(s) of travel for U.K. baby-boomers, from an occupational perspective. Using a descriptive phenomenology, a convenience sample of eight baby-boomers was recruited using social media. Participants took part in semistructured interviews, and narratives were analysed using thematic analysis. Four themes were generated: (a) travel is important to me, (b) travel changes through time, (c) travel facilitators and barriers and (d) travel as a shared experience. Participants perceived travel as a meaningful and health-promoting occupation that represented freedom, choice, independence, connection and achievement. Greater comfort was sought with age while financial constraints and deteriorating health were considered barriers to travel. The therapeutic value of travel as a meaningful occupation should not be underestimated. Travel providers might consider providing meaningful, accessible and desired travel opportunities for this cohort while examining their potential economic benefits to society.