The paired approach is a kind of efficiency approach to closely spaced parallel runways (CSPRs), and the point merge system has the powerful interval management function, which is effective to realize the converge of traffic flows from different approach directions. In order to improve the operation efficiency of the airport terminal area, a model of paired approach sequencing based on point merge is proposed to investigate the problem of increasing the operation capacity of the closely spaced parallel runways. Taking the minimum average flight delay time as the objective, the flight distance on sequencing legs, wake turbulence separation and paired approach safety separation as constraints, the genetic algorithm is used to optimize the paired approach sequencing of arrival flights. Taking the closely parallel runways of Shanghai Hongqiao International Airport run south as an example, the point merge program is designed and the effect of model was analyzed. The results show that after optimization, the average delay time and average landing time are reduced by 40.6% and 51.8% respectively, the capacity of the closely spaced parallel runways are 1.1 times higher than the actual, the flight uptime rate can reach 100%. It is concluded that the proposed model is feasible, which can effectively reduce delay times and alleviate congestion in terminal areas.
The transportation sector is one of the major sources of global carbon emissions. In this study, a bibliometric analysis was conducted using CiteSpace and VOSviewer for articles published in the field of transportation carbon emissions (TCEs) between 1997 and 2023. From this analysis, our research shows that: (a) the number of articles on TCEs has grown rapidly since 2010; (b) China, the United States, and the United Kingdom are important research forces, with the Helmholtz Association of German having the highest number of publications; (c) Transportation Research Part D: Transport and Environment is the most cited journal in this field; (d) the current research hotspots mainly focus on theory and methodological approaches, low-carbon travel, green supply chain management, and carbon emission drivers; (e) while, scenario analysis, data envelopment analysis, and vehicle routing problem are popular keywords that have been used in the research field of TCEs in recent years. Finally, using current research trends, our study also proposes a series of future research endeavors for the field of TCEs.
With the continuous development of information technology, the information environment while driving is constantly being enriched, and driver information processing and application are also dynamically evolving. Analysing information processing and application can better provide information services and is particularly important for traffic safety. Based on VOSviewer bibliometric software, this paper explores the research hotspots and future development trends of the driver information processing and application fields using the Web of Science (WoS) core collection as the data source. The results show that the field has a long history and has grown steadily in recent years. The United States, China and Germany are the top three countries in terms of the number of published articles. “Situational awareness and visual load”, “route selection under variable information signs”, “en-route information and behaviour” and “new information technology attitudes” are important knowledge bases for driver information processing and application. En-route information sources, human-computer interaction, and autonomous vehicle information are the research trends of the driver information processing and application field. The results of this research can help people comprehensively and systematically understand the current situation of driver information processing and application research, provide directions for future driver information processing and application research, and promote the engineering application of such research.
In order to fully understand the research progress of human factors and traffic safety in curve driving, from the perspective of driver-vehicle-road-environment dynamic traffic system, this paper explored the current research status and development trend of human factors of curve driving, and displayed the development process and structural relationship of human factors research of curve driving by using scientific knowledge map. Through the core collection database of Web of Science, 1408 English literatures related to human factors research of curve driving published from 2012 to 2022 (as of October 1, 2022) were obtained, and the literatures in this field were sorted and analyzed based on the VOSviewer visualization software. The results show that China, Tongji University and Accident Analysis and Prevention are the country, institution and journal with the largest contribution rate in the field of human factors research on curve driving. Co-citation analysis shows that the research contents in this field are divided into 5 clusters: driver's visual characteristics, risk of collision, vehicle dynamics characteristics, the influence of traffic engineering facilities on driving behavior, selection of driving speed. The co-occurrence analysis of keywords shows that the topics of curve geometry design and vehicle dynamics, driving behavior and risk, driving speed and safety, behavior prediction and intervention measures are the current research hotspots in the research field. It is found that the development trend of traffic safety improvement in curves is to construct a continuous, consistent, multi-level visual reference frame conforming to driving expectation through visual guiding technology, and summarizes the technical concept of linear visual guidance. This study can provide a reference for the study of human factors of curve driving.