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Dosing and Therapeutic Conduct in Administration Sessions in Substance-Assisted Psychotherapy: A Systematized Review 药物辅助心理治疗给药过程中的给药和治疗行为:系统综述
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-05-03 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231168516
S. Thal, M. Wieberneit, J. M. Sharbanee, P. Skeffington, R. Bruno, T. Wenge, S. Bright
While the potential of serotonergic psychedelics and related substances as adjuncts in substance-assisted psychotherapy (SAPT) has been investigated for the treatment of several disorders, evidence for the appropriate therapeutic conduct in administration sessions is sparse. In this article, we discuss the current evidence for best therapeutic practice during administration sessions with serotonergic psychedelics and entactogens as adjuncts to psychotherapy. We conducted a systematized review of the literature following PRISMA guidelines. PsycINFO, MEDLINE, and Cochrane Library databases were searched. Clinical trials, treatment manuals, study protocols, qualitative studies, case studies, descriptive studies, opinion papers, reviews, book chapters, and conference proceedings published until February 1, 2022 were retrieved. The final synthesis included k = 82 sources. Information about substances, dosages, number of administration sessions, issues that are common for clients, different types of experiences, music, and therapeutic conduct was summarized, compared, and critically discussed. The effects different therapeutic models, methods, techniques, and more complex interventions each have on the therapeutic outcome have not been investigated by means of rigorous research. Most of the available evidence we retrieved was anecdotal limiting any conclusive statements regarding appropriate therapeutic conduct during administration sessions. Consequently, essential components of therapeutic interventions remain largely tentative, necessitating systematic investigation.
虽然已经研究了5-羟色胺能迷幻药和相关物质作为物质辅助心理治疗(SAPT)辅助药物治疗几种疾病的潜力,但在给药过程中进行适当治疗的证据很少。在这篇文章中,我们讨论了在给药期间使用5-羟色胺能迷幻药和促吐剂作为心理治疗的辅助药物的最佳治疗实践的最新证据。我们根据PRISMA指南对文献进行了系统的回顾。检索PsycINFO、MEDLINE和Cochrane图书馆数据库。检索到截至2022年2月1日出版的临床试验、治疗手册、研究方案、定性研究、病例研究、描述性研究、意见书、综述、书籍章节和会议记录。最终合成包括k=82个来源。对有关物质、剂量、给药次数、客户常见问题、不同类型的体验、音乐和治疗行为的信息进行了总结、比较和批判性讨论。不同的治疗模式、方法、技术和更复杂的干预措施对治疗结果的影响尚未通过严格的研究进行调查。我们检索到的大多数可用证据都是轶事,限制了在给药期间关于适当治疗行为的任何结论性陈述。因此,治疗干预措施的基本组成部分在很大程度上仍然是暂定的,需要进行系统的调查。
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引用次数: 0
Toward a Meta-Psychological Methodology: Reflections on Maslow and the Role of Experiencing and Perspective in Scientific Methods 走向元心理学方法论:马斯洛及其经验和视角在科学方法中的作用
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231167619
H. Levitt
In this brief article, I consider two concepts that Maslow advances in Toward a Humanistic Biology that relate to the role of scientific observation in psychological research and were forward-thinking at his writing. These are the importance of the humanistic concept of experiencing as a way of developing understanding, and the recognition of the impact of the perceptive capacities of observers. I consider these concepts in light of advances in critical and qualitative psychology, integrating concepts such as epistemic privilege and the use of experiencing as a method toward critical science—offering a contemporary foundation for a meta-psychological methodology.
在这篇简短的文章中,我考虑了马斯洛在《走向人文生物学》中提出的两个概念,这两个概念与科学观察在心理研究中的作用有关,并且在他的写作中具有前瞻性。这些都是作为一种发展理解的方式的人文主义体验概念的重要性,以及对观察者感知能力影响的认识。我认为这些概念是根据批判性和定性心理学的进步来考虑的,整合了认知特权和使用体验作为批判科学的方法等概念,为元心理学方法论提供了当代基础。
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引用次数: 0
A Systematic Review of Existential Concerns in Borderline Personality Disorder 边缘型人格障碍存在关注的系统评价
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-04-13 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231165792
Candy Liu, R. Menzies, R. Menzies
Existential philosophy and psychotherapy focuses on the “givens” of human experience, including feelings of meaninglessness, isolation, death anxiety, and concerns surrounding identity and freedom. Although borderline personality disorder (BPD) is arguably characterized by issues in a number of these domains, it has not been systematically examined through the lens of existential therapy. The current systematic review included 37 articles which examined existential concerns in relation to BPD. These articles highlighted the predominance of chronic identity and isolation-related concerns in BPD, as well as the potential role of meaning in buffering against the distress of BPD, such as suicidality and comorbid depressive features. The implications of existential phenomenological findings in the conceptualization of BPD, treatment and future existential research are discussed.
存在主义哲学和心理治疗关注人类经验的“给予”,包括无意义感、孤独感、死亡焦虑以及对身份和自由的担忧。尽管边缘型人格障碍(BPD)可以说是以许多领域的问题为特征的,但它还没有通过存在主义治疗的视角进行系统的研究。目前的系统综述包括37篇文章,这些文章探讨了与BPD相关的生存问题。这些文章强调了慢性认同和孤立相关问题在BPD中的主导地位,以及意义在缓冲BPD痛苦中的潜在作用,如自杀和共病抑郁特征。讨论了存在主义现象学发现对BPD概念化、治疗和未来存在主义研究的启示。
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引用次数: 0
A Changing Consciousness Over the Life Journey 生命旅程中不断变化的意识
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231155513
G. Barrett-Lennard
A fresh tracing of phases of experience from birth to approaching death is the terrain of this article. It is a momentous journey variably overlooked in everyday living with all the preoccupations of the immediate “now” of this journey. A new-born baby is conscious, and at age 5 or 6, enormous strides have already been taken in evolving consciousness. Experience in the period of primary schooling is a major further saga. Relationships are increasingly important and many children invent “imaginary companions” they are attentive to. Later, inner conversations become common. Dramatic emergence of the new consciousness of adolescence is almost like another life. By the 20s, long-term commitments, dreams, and preparation toward paths in life are prominent. Great qualitative unfolding of experience follows on through adult middle years. Late adulthood includes gradual transition to more reflective retirement and growing awareness that personal life will end. The gauntlet of a major health setback and/or loss of a life partner may have to be endured, though an easier or less conflictual flow in the absence of most “have-tos” tends to follow. Consciousness can become more mellow and even the approaching end of personal life taken for granted.
这篇文章的主题是对从出生到接近死亡的经历阶段的新鲜追踪。这是一段重要的旅程,在日常生活中,由于所有的注意力都集中在这段旅程的“现在”,它常常被忽视。一个刚出生的婴儿是有意识的,在5岁或6岁的时候,意识的进化已经取得了巨大的进步。小学教育时期的经历是一个重大的进一步的传奇。人际关系变得越来越重要,许多孩子发明了他们所关心的“想象中的同伴”。后来,内心对话变得普遍。戏剧性地出现的新意识的青春期几乎是另一个生命。到了20多岁,长期的承诺、梦想和对人生道路的准备变得尤为突出。经历的巨大质的发展贯穿成人的中年。成年后期包括逐渐过渡到更深思熟虑的退休,以及越来越意识到个人生活将结束。可能不得不忍受重大健康挫折和/或失去生活伴侣的挑战,尽管在没有大多数“必须要做的事情”的情况下,一种更容易或更少冲突的流动往往会随之而来。意识会变得更加成熟,甚至个人生命即将结束也被视为理所当然。
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引用次数: 0
Art for Humanizing Mental Illness When Teaching Diagnosis 精神疾病诊断教学人性化的艺术
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-16 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231161386
Diana Sabados, Jordan S. Potash
Teaching a class that covers psychiatric diagnoses is essential for graduate students in mental health professions both for the purpose of providing informed therapeutic services for their clients who may have been diagnosed with a mental illness, and, increasingly, for the provision of diagnosis as a licensed clinician in the United States. Art therapy educators designed an experiential learning approach rooted in two frameworks that humanize mental illness (Two Continua Model of Mental Health and Mental Illness, Power Threat Meaning) combined with reflective art viewing and making. A cumulative art assignment based on one-canvas painting fosters students’ critical perspectives through four observed patterns: appreciating impact of layering; understanding mental illness through art materials and processes; empathizing through reflecting on one’s own experiences; and recognizing the wholeness of those living with mental illness. The incorporation of response art in the psychopathology class has had the intended dual impact of instilling a humanizing approach to mental illness and fostering self-reflection.
教授一门涵盖精神病学诊断的课程对心理健康专业的研究生来说是必不可少的,这不仅是为了为可能被诊断为精神疾病的客户提供知情的治疗服务,而且越来越多地是为了作为美国的执业临床医生提供诊断。艺术治疗教育者设计了一种体验式学习方法,这种方法植根于将精神疾病人性化的两个框架(精神健康和精神疾病的两个连续模型,权力威胁意义),结合反思性艺术观看和制作。基于单画布绘画的累积艺术作业通过四种观察模式培养学生的批判性观点:欣赏分层的影响;通过艺术材料和过程了解精神疾病;共鸣:通过反思自己的经历而产生共鸣;认识到精神疾病患者的整体性。将反应艺术纳入精神病理学课程有双重预期影响,即向精神疾病灌输一种人性化的方法,并促进自我反思。
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引用次数: 0
The Authenticity Scale as an Outcome Measure for Psychotherapy: A Psychometric Evaluation 真实性量表作为心理治疗的结果测量:一项心理测量评估
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-15 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231159152
Daniel Moerken, M. Cooper
We aimed to evaluate how the Authenticity Scale, a measure of authenticity based on humanistic psychology, functioned as an outcome measure for psychological therapies. Ninety participating clients completed the Authenticity Scale at set intervals throughout their therapy. We considered the measure’s reliability, construct validity, acceptability, and sensitivity to therapeutic intervention. The Authenticity Scale and each of its subscales (Authentic Living, Accepting External Influences, and Self-Alienation) were found to have excellent internal reliability and very high completion rates. The full scale was also found to be sensitive to psychotherapeutic intervention, along with two of its three subscales. However, subscale intercorrelations revealed issues with the factor structure of the measure, with one subscale not correlating with the other two, drawing into question whether the Authenticity Scale should be seen to operationalize a single, multi-faceted construct as intended. Our study provides preliminary evidence that the Authenticity Scale can be used as an outcome measure in clinical practice, though caution and further psychometric testing are strongly recommended.
我们的目的是评估真实性量表,一种基于人本主义心理学的真实性测量,如何作为心理治疗的结果测量。90名参与的客户在整个治疗过程中以固定的时间间隔完成真实性量表。我们考虑了测量的信度、结构效度、可接受性和对治疗干预的敏感性。真实性量表及其每个子量表(真实生活,接受外部影响和自我异化)被发现具有出色的内部可靠性和非常高的完成率。研究还发现,完整量表及其三个子量表中的两个对心理治疗干预也很敏感。然而,子量表的相互关系揭示了该测量的因素结构的问题,其中一个子量表与其他两个子量表不相关,这引发了一个问题,即真实性量表是否应该像预期的那样被视为一个单一的、多方面的结构。我们的研究提供了初步证据,证明真实性量表可以作为临床实践的结果测量,尽管强烈建议谨慎和进一步的心理测量测试。
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引用次数: 0
Differences in Existential Perspectives as a Function of Having a Mystical-Type Experience 存在主义视角的差异与神秘体验的关系
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231158679
Alex Sielaff, Dylan E. Horner, J. Greenberg
Prior research suggests that unique phenomenological experiences called “mystical-type experiences” (MTEs) have the potential to induce significant and persisting worldview changes. In this article, two studies add to this literature by using cross-sectional data from 837 and 1,086 participants, respectively, to investigate whether people who have had one of these experiences differ in predictable ways from those who have not on relevant existential variables. Specifically, we tested two novel hypotheses rooted in terror management theory, along with two predictions based on past research. In specific, the yes-MTE group was hypothesized to have (a) less fear of death and greater belief in death as a passage, (b) a more intrinsic and growth-oriented worldview, (c) fewer mental health symptoms, and (d) higher trait absorption. The data largely supported hypotheses 1, 2, and 4 while the results for hypothesis 3 were opposite of expectations, suggesting that clinical research with psychedelic-induced MTEs may not be generalizable to MTEs experienced outside the supportive therapeutic context.
先前的研究表明,被称为“神秘型经验”(mte)的独特现象学经验具有诱导显著且持续的世界观变化的潜力。在这篇文章中,两项研究分别使用来自837名和1086名参与者的横断面数据来补充这一文献,以调查有过这些经历的人是否在可预测的方式上与那些没有相关存在变量的人不同。具体来说,我们测试了两个基于恐怖管理理论的新假设,以及两个基于过去研究的预测。具体地说,假设是- mte组(a)对死亡的恐惧更少,更相信死亡是一种过渡,(b)更内在和以成长为导向的世界观,(c)更少的心理健康症状,(d)更高的特质吸收。数据在很大程度上支持假设1、2和4,而假设3的结果与预期相反,这表明迷幻药诱发的mte的临床研究可能无法推广到支持治疗环境之外的mte。
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引用次数: 0
Toward an Expanded Taxonomy of Happiness: A Conceptual Analysis of 16 Distinct Forms of Mental Wellbeing 走向幸福的扩展分类:对16种不同形式的心理健康的概念分析
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-09 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231155512
T. Lomas, T. VanderWeele
Recent decades have seen a surge of scientific interest in happiness. However, its theoretical conceptualization is a work in progress. Much of the literature focuses on two main forms: hedonic (encompassing life satisfaction and positive affect) and eudaimonic (encompassing phenomena such as character development and meaning in life). However, this binary has been critiqued as being incomplete, in part because it reflects a Western-centric perspective that overlooks forms emphasized in non-Western cultures. As a result, scholars have begun to highlight other forms besides hedonia and eudaimonia. This article surveys the literature to identify 16 potential forms in total, classified according to whether they primarily pertain to feelings (hedonic, contented, mature, chaironic, and vital), thought (evaluative, meaningful, intellective, aesthetic, and absorbed) or action (eudaimonic, masterful, accomplished, harmonic, nirvanic, and relational). This article thus offers a more expansive, albeit still just provisional, taxonomy of this vital and still-evolving topic.
近几十年来,科学界对幸福的兴趣激增。然而,其理论概念化工作仍在进行中。大部分文献集中在两种主要形式:享乐主义(包括生活满意度和积极影响)和享乐主义(包括性格发展和生活意义等现象)。然而,这种二分法被批评为不完整,部分原因是它反映了一种以西方为中心的观点,忽视了非西方文化所强调的形式。因此,学者们开始强调除了享乐主义和快乐主义之外的其他形式。本文对文献进行了调查,以确定总共16种潜在的形式,根据它们是否主要与情感(享乐的、满足的、成熟的、冷静的和重要的)、思想(评估的、有意义的、理智的、审美的和吸收的)或行动(快乐的、精通的、完成的、和谐的、涅槃的和关系的)有关进行分类。因此,本文对这个重要且仍在发展的主题提供了一个更广泛的分类,尽管仍然只是暂时的。
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引用次数: 2
“It’s Allowed Me to Be a Lot Kinder to Myself”: Exploration of the Self-Transformative Properties of Solitude During COVID-19 Lockdowns “这让我对自己更友善”:新冠肺炎封锁期间孤独的自我转化特性探索
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-06 DOI: 10.1177/00221678231157796
Jodie Paterson, M. S. Park
The Coronavirus (COVID-19) national lockdowns profoundly affected the lives of many, as significant portions of the U.K. population were involuntarily sequestered away from their usual social landscapes into newfound states of solitude. Many millennials (those between the ages of 25 and 40 at the point of study), having lived in an age of constant connection, found themselves in an extended period of solitude for the first time. The current qualitative study explores through Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis (IPA) how some UK millennials were able to harness the unique self-transformative properties of positive solitude during the COVID-19 national lockdowns. Analysis revealed a narrative of self-discovery, as domains of positive solitude granted the participants freedom from the demands of performative social burdens and encouraged opportunities to engage with mindfulness and meaningful introspection. These activities, within the experience of solitude, encouraged an alignment of inward beliefs and outward behaviors for the participants, thus helping them to cultivate a more congruent self-concept and subsequently a heightened sense of authenticity and enhanced psychological well-being. Clinical implications leading on from the current study highlight the importance of mindfulness and other solitude-promoting interventions as a method to ameliorate depressive symptoms and improve psychological well-being.
冠状病毒(COVID-19)的全国封锁深刻影响了许多人的生活,因为英国很大一部分人口被不由自主地隔离在他们通常的社会景观之外,进入了新的孤独状态。许多千禧一代(研究时年龄在25岁到40岁之间)生活在一个不断联系的时代,第一次发现自己处于长时间的孤独中。目前的定性研究通过解释现象学分析(IPA)探讨了一些英国千禧一代如何在COVID-19国家封锁期间利用积极孤独的独特自我变革特性。分析揭示了一种自我发现的叙述,因为积极的孤独领域赋予参与者从表现性社会负担的要求中解脱出来的自由,并鼓励他们有机会从事正念和有意义的内省。这些活动,在孤独的体验中,鼓励参与者的内在信仰和外在行为的一致性,从而帮助他们培养更一致的自我概念,随后提高真实性和增强心理健康。当前研究的临床意义强调了正念和其他促进孤独的干预措施作为改善抑郁症状和改善心理健康的一种方法的重要性。
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引用次数: 0
Introduction for Special Issue: “Humanistic Perspectives on Understanding and Responding to Extreme States” 特刊导言:“理解和回应极端状态的人文视角”
IF 1.7 4区 心理学 Q3 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY Pub Date : 2023-03-01 DOI: 10.1177/00221678221115927
M. Cornwall
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引用次数: 0
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Journal of Humanistic Psychology
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