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Promotion of Muscle-Strengthening Activity Among Latina and Black/African American Women: A Review of Literature 促进拉丁裔和黑人/非洲裔美国妇女的肌肉锻炼活动:文献综述
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-17 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241246734
Tanya J. Benitez, Nashira Brown, Bess Marcus, Ashley Sanchez, Tayla Von Ash, Rodney P. Joseph
Latina and Black/African American (AA) women report disproportionately low levels of muscle-strengthening activities (MSA) and high rates of related chronic health conditions. Despite the health benefits of MSA, physical activity intervention research in these populations has focused mostly on increasing aerobic physical activity. The purpose of this review was to describe the current state of scientific literature on MSA interventions among Latina and Black/AA women. Two electronic databases, CINAHL and PubMed, were searched for studies published during the past 10 years. Studies were included in this review if they reported promotion of MSA, included at least 50% Latina and/or Black/AA women in their samples, and used an interventional design. Search procedures identified 8 unique interventions targeting MSA in Latina (n = 3) and Black/AA women (n = 5). Results revealed there is limited published research on MSA promotion among Latina and Black/AA women, especially on theory-based interventions that address psychosocial and behavioral influences of MSA, as well as assessment of MSA outcomes in these populations. This review highlights a critical need for research on culturally tailored behavioral interventions to reduce the low MSA in Latina and Black/AA women and provides future research directions on this topic.
拉丁裔妇女和黑人/非洲裔美国人(AA)妇女的肌肉强化活动(MSA)水平低得不成比例,而相关慢性疾病的发病率却很高。尽管 MSA 对健康有益,但针对这些人群的体育锻炼干预研究主要集中在增加有氧体育锻炼上。本综述旨在描述有关拉丁裔和黑人/亚裔女性 MSA 干预措施的科学文献现状。我们在两个电子数据库(CINAHL 和 PubMed)中搜索了过去 10 年间发表的研究。如果这些研究报告了 MSA 的推广情况,样本中至少包括 50% 的拉丁裔和/或黑人/AA 妇女,并采用了干预设计,则被纳入本综述。搜索程序确定了 8 项针对拉丁裔(n = 3)和黑人/阿拉伯裔(n = 5)妇女 MSA 的独特干预措施。结果显示,已发表的关于促进拉丁裔和黑人/亚裔妇女 MSA 的研究很有限,尤其是关于解决 MSA 的社会心理和行为影响因素的基于理论的干预措施,以及对这些人群 MSA 结果的评估。本综述强调了研究针对不同文化背景的行为干预措施以降低拉丁裔和黑人/美国黑人女性 MSA 低水平的迫切需要,并提供了这一主题的未来研究方向。
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引用次数: 0
Empowering Families and Providers With a Lifestyle Medicine Approach to Pediatric Obesity 用生活方式医学方法增强家庭和医疗服务提供者应对小儿肥胖症的能力
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-15 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241238682
J. Blakely Amati, Erin L. Brackbill
Pediatric overweight and obesity is a complex chronic medical condition with a multitude of contributing factors. Rates are now nearly double what they were before the COVID-19 pandemic and if the current trajectory holds it is anticipated that by 2050 one in every two US children will experience obesity before the age of thirty-five. Pediatric obesity guidelines emphasize referral to intensive health behavior and lifestyle therapy programs, but these are difficult to access. Front line providers caring for children can use a lifestyle medicine approach within the medical home to make lifestyle changes easier. Lifestyle Medicine can promote a family-oriented, weight-neutral approach by (1) Educating and equipping providers to assess readiness to change and providing high-quality motivational interviewing and lifestyle counseling, (2) Equipping patients and their families with tools involving the six lifestyle interventions to optimize health starting an early age, and (3) Offering a longitudinal uniform office approach to effectively prevent, manage and often reverse obesity and related comorbidities through healthy habit change.
小儿超重和肥胖是一种复杂的慢性疾病,诱因众多。现在的发病率几乎是 COVID-19 大流行之前的两倍,如果目前的轨迹保持不变,预计到 2050 年,每两名美国儿童中就有一名会在 35 岁之前患上肥胖症。儿科肥胖症指南强调转诊至强化健康行为和生活方式治疗项目,但这些项目很难获得。照顾儿童的一线医疗服务提供者可以在医疗之家中使用生活方式医学方法,让改变生活方式变得更容易。生活方式医学可通过以下方式促进以家庭为导向、体重中立的方法:(1)教育和装备医疗服务提供者,以评估改变的准备程度,并提供高质量的动机访谈和生活方式咨询;(2)为患者及其家人提供涉及六种生活方式干预措施的工具,以从幼年开始优化健康;以及(3)提供纵向的统一诊室方法,通过改变健康习惯来有效预防、管理并经常逆转肥胖及相关并发症。
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引用次数: 0
Lifestyle Behaviors of Childhood and Adolescence: Contributing Factors, Health Consequences, and Potential Interventions 儿童和青少年时期的生活方式行为:诱因、健康后果和潜在干预措施
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-12 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241245941
Ahmed Arafa, Yuka Yasui, Yoshihiro Kokubo, Yuka Kato, Chisa Matsumoto, Masayuki Teramoto, Saya Nosaka, Miho Kogirima
In this narrative review, we summarized evidence from peer-reviewed articles, published before February 2024, that investigated lifestyle behaviors among children (≤12 years) and adolescents (13-18 years) representing different geographic descents. These behaviors included dietary patterns, screen time, physical activity, smoking, alcohol consumption, oral hygiene, unsafe sex, and sleep duration and quality. We documented the significant impacts of parental, school, and sociodemographic factors on the adoption of numerous lifestyle behaviors in this age category. Several health consequences could be attributed to unhealthy lifestyle behaviors during childhood and adolescence. For example, poor dietary habits can lead to a higher risk of obesity and cardiovascular disease. Physical inactivity contributes to the development of musculoskeletal and psychological disorders. Excessive screen time is associated with visual acuity problems, poor sleep, and psychological and behavioral problems. Tobacco use poses a significant risk for severe respiratory and cardiovascular diseases. Risky sexual behaviors are related to sexually transmitted infections and exposure to violence. Short sleep duration is associated with a lack of physical fitness and poor cognitive function. However, potential interventions, such as school-based health programs, community outreach initiatives, and national health policies and regulations, can improve lifestyle behaviors among children and adolescents.
在这篇叙述性综述中,我们总结了 2024 年 2 月之前发表的同行评审文章中的证据,这些文章调查了代表不同地域血统的儿童(≤12 岁)和青少年(13-18 岁)的生活方式行为。这些行为包括饮食模式、屏幕时间、体育活动、吸烟、饮酒、口腔卫生、不安全性行为以及睡眠时间和质量。我们记录了父母、学校和社会人口因素对这一年龄段青少年采取多种生活方式行为的重大影响。童年和青少年时期不健康的生活方式行为可能会导致多种健康后果。例如,不良的饮食习惯会导致肥胖和心血管疾病的风险增加。缺乏运动会导致肌肉骨骼和心理疾病的发生。过多的屏幕时间与视力问题、睡眠不佳以及心理和行为问题有关。吸烟会带来严重的呼吸道和心血管疾病风险。危险的性行为与性传播感染和遭受暴力有关。睡眠时间短与缺乏体能和认知功能低下有关。然而,潜在的干预措施,如基于学校的健康计划、社区宣传活动以及国家卫生政策和法规,可以改善儿童和青少年的生活方式行为。
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引用次数: 0
Health and Wellness Coaching Can Improve Usage of Positive Airway Pressure Therapy in Participants With Obstructive Sleep Apnea and Obesity 健康与保健指导可提高阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停和肥胖症患者使用气道正压疗法的水平
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241244719
Michelle Alencar, Rachel Sauls, Kelly Johnson, Shreya Thakkar, Anthony Carmona, Aaron Morse, Sirish Nakka
Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) has been tied to chronic conditions, such as obesity. Although continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device is an effective treatment, device discomfort impacts treatment adherence. Health and wellness coaching (HWC) can increase weight loss (WL) and adherence across other treatment types. This study aims to determine whether participants undergoing an HWC program improve CPAP device usage and WL compared to control group (CG). Participants were randomly selected to participate in the HWC group in conjunction with standard care. The HWC participants were gender, age, weight, CPAP usage (e.g., hours, days), and race matched to CG participants receiving standard care only. Variables collected include demographics (i.e., age, gender), CPAP device usage, and weight across four time points (baseline, 3-, 6-, and 9-months). Paired samples t-test and Pearson’s coefficient correlation were conducted to determine how outcomes differ between groups. Of 232 participants studied, those in the HWC group significantly increased CPAP usage over time ( P < .001) vs CG (6.5 ± 1.8, and 5.0 ± 2.3 hours, respectively). The HWC group had significantly more weight loss (11.0 ± 14.5 lbs.) than CG (5.7 ± 16.1 lbs.) across the 9-month timeline ( P < .001). This study provides evidence that HWC can improve CPAP adherence and weight loss.
阻塞性睡眠呼吸暂停(OSA)与肥胖等慢性疾病有关。虽然持续气道正压(CPAP)装置是一种有效的治疗方法,但装置的不适感会影响治疗的坚持性。健康与保健指导(HWC)可以提高体重减轻(WL)和其他治疗类型的依从性。本研究旨在确定与对照组(CG)相比,接受 HWC 计划的参与者是否能改善 CPAP 设备的使用和 WL。参与者被随机选入 HWC 组,同时接受标准护理。HWC 参与者的性别、年龄、体重、CPAP 使用情况(如小时数、天数)和种族与仅接受标准护理的 CG 参与者相匹配。收集的变量包括四个时间点(基线、3 个月、6 个月和 9 个月)的人口统计学特征(即年龄、性别)、CPAP 设备使用情况和体重。研究人员进行了配对样本 t 检验和皮尔逊系数相关性检验,以确定组间结果的差异。在所研究的 232 名参与者中,HWC 组与 CG 组相比,CPAP 使用时间明显增加(P < .001)(分别为 6.5 ± 1.8 小时和 5.0 ± 2.3 小时)。在 9 个月的时间里,HWC 组的体重减轻幅度(11.0 ± 14.5 磅)明显高于 CG 组(5.7 ± 16.1 磅)(P < .001)。本研究提供了 HWC 可以提高 CPAP 依从性和减轻体重的证据。
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引用次数: 0
Whole Health Revolution: Value-Based Care + Lifestyle Medicine 整体健康革命:基于价值的医疗+生活方式医学
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241241023
Karen S. Johnson, Padmaja Patel
An outdated and burdensome fee-for-service (FFS) reimbursement system has significantly compromised primary care delivery in the US for decades, leading to a dire shortage of primary care workers. Support for primary care must increase from all public and private payers with well-designed value-based primary care payment. Patient care enabled by value-based payment is typically described or “labeled” as value-based care and commonly viewed as distinctly different from other models of care delivery. Unfortunately, labels tend to put individuals in camps that can make the differences seem greater than they are in practice. Achieving the aims of value-based care, aligned with the quintuple aims of health care, is common across many delivery models. The shrinking primary care workforce is too fragile to be fragmented across competing camps. Seeing the alignment across otherwise separate disciplines, such as lifestyle medicine and value-based care, is essential. In this article, we point to the opportunities that arise when we widen the lens to look beyond these labels and make the case that a variety of models and perspectives can meld together in practice to produce the kind of high-quality primary care physicians, care teams, and patients are seeking.
几十年来,过时而繁琐的按服务收费(FFS)报销制度严重影响了美国的初级医疗服务,导致初级医疗工作者严重短缺。所有公共和私人支付方都必须通过精心设计的基于价值的初级医疗支付来增加对初级医疗的支持。以价值为基础的支付方式所提供的患者护理通常被描述或 "贴上 "以价值为基础的护理的标签,通常被视为与其他护理服务模式截然不同。遗憾的是,标签往往会把个人归入不同的阵营,使差异看起来比实际情况更大。实现价值导向型医疗的目标与医疗保健的五重目标相一致,是许多医疗服务模式的共同目标。正在萎缩的初级医疗队伍非常脆弱,不能被相互竞争的阵营分割开来。必须看到生活方式医学和价值医疗等原本独立的学科之间的一致性。在这篇文章中,我们指出了当我们将视角扩大到这些标签之外时所带来的机遇,并证明了各种模式和观点可以在实践中融合在一起,从而产生医生、医疗团队和患者所追求的高质量初级医疗服务。
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引用次数: 0
Group-Based Interventions in Lifestyle Medicine 以小组为基础的生活方式医学干预措施
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-10 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241242340
Viet T. Tran, Elizabeth M. Vaughan, Stephanie Kim, Craig A. Johnston
Group-based interventions in health care have demonstrated a positive influence on patient outcomes by strengthening patient-healthcare professional relationships and providing an avenue for patient empowerment through shared experiences and belongingness. Groups have been shown to enhance social and psychological support, improve self-management behaviors, and encourage peer-support. However group settings also present challenges, such as discomforts in sharing within a group context and managing diverse group dynamics. We outline the efficacy and dynamics of group-based activities in health care settings. This includes key behavioral components of groups, such as creating a safe, supportive, and cohesive environment in group activities where confidentiality is paramount. By recognizing principles for group and moderator behaviors, individuals are more likely to maximize the potential of these interventions.
医疗保健中以小组为基础的干预措施通过加强患者与医疗保健专业人员之间的关系,以及通过分享经验和归属感为患者提供一个增强能力的途径,对患者的治疗效果产生了积极的影响。事实证明,小组活动可以加强社会和心理支持,改善自我管理行为,鼓励同伴互助。然而,小组活动也会带来一些挑战,例如在小组环境中分享时的不适感以及管理不同的小组动态。我们概述了医疗机构中以小组为基础的活动的功效和动态。这包括小组的关键行为要素,例如在小组活动中创造一个安全、支持和团结的环境,同时将保密性放在首位。通过认识小组和主持人行为的原则,个人更有可能最大限度地发挥这些干预措施的潜力。
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引用次数: 0
Nutritional Supplements for Healthy Aging: A Critical Analysis Review 促进健康老龄化的营养补充剂:批判性分析评论
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-09 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241244725
Matthew W. Kaufman, Sarah DeParis, Marily Oppezzo, Cheri Mah, Megan Roche, Levi Frehlich, Michael Fredericson
Background: Healthy aging is defined as survival to advanced age while retaining autonomy in activities of daily living, high societal participation, and good quality of life. Sarcopenia, insomnia, cognitive impairment, and changes in sensation can be key hinderances to healthy aging, but nutritional supplements may abate their impact. As research advances, an updated review on their efficacy on age-related conditions is warranted. Results: Sarcopenia can be mitigated through proper protein intake, supplements like creatine, and in certain situations Branched-Chain Amino Acids and Vitamin D, in adults over 65. Melatonin supplementation has moderate evidence for improving sleep, while valerian root lacks evidence. Magnesium, tart cherry, and kiwifruits have shown promising impacts on sleep in limited articles. Magnesium, Vitamin D, and B vitamin supplementation have been shown to improve cognition in those with mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer’s disease but require further study prior to recommendation. The Age-Related Eye Disease Study supplement combination is routinely recommended to reduce risk of progression to advance stages of age-related macular degeneration. Alpha-Lipoic Acid and Folate have been investigated for their roles in mitigating age-related hearing losses. Conclusions: Nutritional supplements and lifestyle changes may mitigate disabilities across multiple domains of age-related illnesses and promote healthy aging.
背景:健康老龄化的定义是,在保持日常生活自理能力、较高的社会参与度和良好的生活质量的同时,还能存活到晚年。肌肉疏松症、失眠、认知障碍和感觉变化可能是阻碍健康老龄化的主要因素,但营养补充剂可以减轻它们的影响。随着研究的不断深入,有必要对营养补充剂对老年相关疾病的疗效进行最新评述。结果:对于 65 岁以上的成年人来说,通过摄入适当的蛋白质、肌酸等营养补充剂,以及在某些情况下补充支链氨基酸和维生素 D,可以缓解 "肌肉疏松症"。褪黑素补充剂在改善睡眠方面有中等程度的证据,而缬草根则缺乏证据。在有限的文章中,镁、酸樱桃和猕猴桃对睡眠有良好的影响。镁、维生素 D 和 B 族维生素补充剂已被证明可改善轻度认知障碍和阿尔茨海默氏症患者的认知能力,但在推荐之前还需要进一步研究。老年性眼病研究》常规推荐补充剂组合,以降低老年性黄斑变性发展到晚期的风险。阿尔法硫辛酸和叶酸在减轻老年性听力损失方面的作用已得到研究。结论营养补充剂和生活方式的改变可减轻多种老年相关疾病的残疾,促进健康老龄化。
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引用次数: 0
From the President's Desk: The Strategic Plan for the American College of Lifestyle Medicine 2024-2026. 来自主席台:美国生活方式医学学院 2024-2026 年战略计划》。
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-05 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241242349
Beth Frates
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引用次数: 0
Impact of Lifestyle Medicine Interventions on the Management of Systemic Hypertension in Primary Care: A Canadian Randomized Controlled Trial 生活方式医学干预对基层医疗机构系统性高血压管理的影响:加拿大随机对照试验
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241242013
Elisa Marin-Couture, Julie-Alexandra Moulin, Anne-Sophie Thibault, Paul Poirier, Jean-Pierre Després, Anette Gallant, Vincent Lamarre, Natalie Alméras, Isabelle Lemieux, Christian Chabot, Maria-Cecilia Gallani, Marie-Eve Piché, Benoit J. Arsenault, Angelo Tremblay, Jean-Sébastien Paquette, Caroline Rhéaume
The study aimed to evaluate the feasibility of implementing lifestyle interventions in primary care settings with hypertensive patients and their effect on blood pressure, body composition, cardiometabolic markers, and antihypertensive drug use. Sixty participants diagnosed with stage 1 hypertension were randomly assigned to 4 groups: (1) Standard medical care (control), (2) Physical activity protocol, (3) Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH) diet, and (4) Combination of physical activity protocol and DASH diet. Participants received counseling from family physicians, nurses, kinesiologists, and registered dietitians. Various assessments were conducted before (T0) and after (T6) the interventions, including 24-h ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, blood and urine tests, anthropometric measurements, computed tomography to measure adipose tissue, submaximal exercise test to estimate maximal oxygen consumption and health questionnaires. Fifty-one (51) participants (51/57, 89%) completed the program. All interventions reduced blood pressure indices between T0 and T6, except the combined interventions group. Body composition and cardiometabolic parameters were improved in all groups, except for the control group. In total, 28% of participants (7/23) reduced or stopped their antihypertensive medications at T6. The results suggest that structured lifestyle interventions are feasible in primary care and improve blood pressure and cardiometabolic parameters in patients with stage 1 hypertension.
该研究旨在评估在基层医疗机构对高血压患者实施生活方式干预的可行性及其对血压、身体成分、心脏代谢指标和降压药物使用的影响。60 名确诊为高血压 1 期的参与者被随机分配到 4 个小组:(1)标准医疗护理(对照组);(2)体育锻炼方案;(3)饮食疗法(DASH);(4)体育锻炼方案和饮食疗法(DASH)组合。参与者接受了家庭医生、护士、运动师和注册营养师的咨询。在干预前(T0)和干预后(T6)进行了各种评估,包括 24 小时动态血压监测、血液和尿液化验、人体测量、计算机断层扫描测量脂肪组织、亚极限运动测试估算最大耗氧量以及健康问卷调查。51名参与者(51/57,89%)完成了计划。除综合干预组外,所有干预措施都降低了 T0 和 T6 之间的血压指数。除对照组外,所有干预组的身体成分和心脏代谢指标均有所改善。在 T6 阶段,共有 28% 的参与者(7/23)减少或停止了降压药的服用。结果表明,结构化生活方式干预在初级保健中是可行的,并能改善一期高血压患者的血压和心脏代谢指标。
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引用次数: 0
Lifestyle Medicine Approach to Wound Management 伤口管理的生活方式医学方法
IF 1.9 Q3 PUBLIC, ENVIRONMENTAL & OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH Pub Date : 2024-04-04 DOI: 10.1177/15598276241242026
Jengyu Lai
Chronic wounds impact 4.5% of the US population, necessitating a comprehensive understanding of their types and underlying mechanisms. Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs), prevalent in 25% of individuals with diabetes, contribute significantly to lower limb amputations. The pathophysiology involves neuropathy, peripheral arterial disease, impaired immunity, glycemic control, and mechanical stress. Lifestyle medicine emerges as a pivotal aspect of care, offering both prevention and treatment by integrating plant-predominant nutrition, physical activity, stress management, avoidance of harmful substances, restful sleep, and social connectedness. These interventions impact gene interactions, immune function, and tissue regeneration, playing a crucial role in chronic wound management. The standard of care involves a multidisciplinary approach, emphasizing infection and vascular management, pressure offloading, conducive wound healing environments, and lifestyle adjustments. As diabetes prevalence rises, a proactive integration of lifestyle interventions is crucial, offering a promising avenue to alleviate the growing healthcare burden associated with chronic wounds.
慢性伤口影响着 4.5% 的美国人口,因此有必要全面了解其类型和潜在机制。糖尿病足溃疡(DFUs)在 25% 的糖尿病患者中普遍存在,是导致下肢截肢的重要原因。其病理生理学涉及神经病变、外周动脉疾病、免疫受损、血糖控制和机械应力。生活方式医学是护理的一个重要方面,它通过整合以植物为主的营养、体育锻炼、压力管理、避免有害物质、充足睡眠和社会联系,提供预防和治疗。这些干预措施会影响基因相互作用、免疫功能和组织再生,在慢性伤口管理中发挥着至关重要的作用。护理标准涉及多学科方法,强调感染和血管管理、压力卸载、有利伤口愈合的环境以及生活方式调整。随着糖尿病患病率的上升,积极整合生活方式干预措施至关重要,这为减轻与慢性伤口相关的日益沉重的医疗负担提供了一条大有可为的途径。
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引用次数: 0
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American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine
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