Pub Date : 2025-12-18DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09720-6
Christopher S. Koper, Cynthia Lum, Xiaoyun Wu, William Johnson, Megan Stoltz
{"title":"Correction: Do license plate readers enhance the initial and residual deterrent effects of police patrol? A quasi-randomized test","authors":"Christopher S. Koper, Cynthia Lum, Xiaoyun Wu, William Johnson, Megan Stoltz","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09720-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09720-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145770681","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09721-5
Adam Dunbar, Peter A. Hanink
{"title":"Correction: Policing protests: an experimental evaluation of the impact of protester race on support for Police reform","authors":"Adam Dunbar, Peter A. Hanink","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09721-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09721-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145759706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-12DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09714-4
Amy E. Lerman, Meredith Sadin, William Morrison, John Wieselthier
{"title":"Correction: The effects of post-release community supervision reform","authors":"Amy E. Lerman, Meredith Sadin, William Morrison, John Wieselthier","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09714-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09714-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145753035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-09DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09716-2
Brandon Vick, Robert Orth
Objectives Estimates the predictive validity of the Ohio Risk Assessment System Community Supervision Tool (ORAS-CST) and racial differences in outcomes both across assessed risk levels and against a comparison group of unassessed individuals. Methods Using a dataset of individuals under supervision across four Pennsylvania counties in 2017 ( n = 6, 339 ), we perform Cox proportional hazard modelling to test for racial differences in the association between risk level and recidivism (up to 5 years). We implement a propensity-score matching model to estimate the potential effects of risk assessment on future recidivism across race. Results Risk assessment shows good predictability across racial subgroups with no statistically significant difference when risk level is interacted with race. We estimate that assessment reduces one-year recidivism rates by 8% points ( p < 0.001). Conclusions While we find similar effects for racial subgroups separately at one year, estimated treatment effects of assessment fall to zero for Black individuals by year five.
{"title":"Accuracy and impact of supervision risk assessment tools across racial groups","authors":"Brandon Vick, Robert Orth","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09716-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09716-2","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Estimates the predictive validity of the Ohio Risk Assessment System Community Supervision Tool (ORAS-CST) and racial differences in outcomes both across assessed risk levels and against a comparison group of unassessed individuals. Methods Using a dataset of individuals under supervision across four Pennsylvania counties in 2017 ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 6, <jats:italic>339</jats:italic> ), we perform Cox proportional hazard modelling to test for racial differences in the association between risk level and recidivism (up to 5 years). We implement a propensity-score matching model to estimate the potential effects of risk assessment on future recidivism across race. Results Risk assessment shows good predictability across racial subgroups with no statistically significant difference when risk level is interacted with race. We estimate that assessment reduces one-year recidivism rates by 8% points ( <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> < 0.001). Conclusions While we find similar effects for racial subgroups separately at one year, estimated treatment effects of assessment fall to zero for Black individuals by year five.","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"19 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145703867","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09717-1
Travis Carter, Rachel L. McNealey
Objectives Develop a visual conjoint survey experiment to identify the ecological correlates of users’ cybersecurity intentions in digital space. This study also sought to disentangle the influences of protection motivation when measured as voluntary compliance and as intrinsic motivation to protect oneself. Methods A nationwide sample of US adults were presented with three hypothetical webpages displaying randomized attributes signaling potential security risks. Respondents were then randomly presented with three security recommendations to determine protection motivation. Results Participants were undeterred by visual features of the webpages. Intrinsic motivation was influenced by the effectiveness of the security recommendation and confidence in using it. Willingness to comply was primarily influenced by the perceived time cost of engaging in security recommendations. Discussion When complying with a recommendation, response cost is particularly salient, while effectiveness of protective behaviors is more strongly related to intrinsic motivation. These findings point to crucial takeaways for cybersecurity training.
{"title":"Protection motivation and cybersecurity intentions: a visual conjoint experiment","authors":"Travis Carter, Rachel L. McNealey","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09717-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09717-1","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives Develop a visual conjoint survey experiment to identify the ecological correlates of users’ cybersecurity intentions in digital space. This study also sought to disentangle the influences of protection motivation when measured as voluntary compliance and as intrinsic motivation to protect oneself. Methods A nationwide sample of US adults were presented with three hypothetical webpages displaying randomized attributes signaling potential security risks. Respondents were then randomly presented with three security recommendations to determine protection motivation. Results Participants were undeterred by visual features of the webpages. Intrinsic motivation was influenced by the effectiveness of the security recommendation and confidence in using it. Willingness to comply was primarily influenced by the perceived time cost of engaging in security recommendations. Discussion When complying with a recommendation, response cost is particularly salient, while effectiveness of protective behaviors is more strongly related to intrinsic motivation. These findings point to crucial takeaways for cybersecurity training.","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-12-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145657253","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-26DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09708-2
Claire Stansfield, April Coombe, Michelle Richardson
Background Systematic searches for research within the field of crime interventions are challenging. There is a lack of examples to inform how and where to search, and which resources can help identify research from countries across the world. Updating a systematic map of interventions to reduce gang-related violence included searching 55 resources to identify research published since 2005. The search strategy used in the original review required revision and efforts were made to identify relevant research published outside scholarly journals, and research conducted outside of the USA. The updated search included conventional database searches, network graph searches (citation- and related-item-searching using the former Microsoft Academic Graph), and website searches. Objective The objective of this study is to describe the design of the database update searches and to understand which information resources were useful in identifying relevant records, non-journal records, and records of research conducted outside of the USA. Methods (1) We reflected on the search strategy design process, which was informed from analysing the records in the original systematic map and exploratory searches. (2) We focussed on 157 new records in the updated map that met the eligibility criteria of the original map and matched these to the search results obtained from each information resource. Findings At the planning stage it appeared necessary to search many resources and to use multiple concepts to capture the diverse literature. The 157 relevant records were found across 37 of the 55 information resources searched. These resources spanned multiple research fields. Eleven resources each provided at least 10% of the records, collectively yielding 80% of the records. Citation and related-item searches provided 24 records not identified elsewhere. Just 20% (32/157) of records described studies conducted outside the USA. This included 11% (17) from the UK and 6% (10) from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). There was a lack of resources that supported identification of studies from LMIC. Most of the non-US grey literature comprised reports conducted in the UK. Conclusions Information resources change over time, though the principle of taking a multi-stranded approach to the choice of search terms and selection of information resources appears essential to find intervention research within the field of criminology. Boolean text-based searches can be strengthened by using network graph searching (citation and related-items searches). The findings emphasise challenges for locating research published outside of the USA. Newer resources are worth investigating for their potential in addressing this challenge. We recommend those funding, producing and disseminating research consider how to enhance its visibility and reduce research waste.
{"title":"Information retrieval for a global systematic map on interventions to reduce gang violence: reflection and analysis from an update search using 55 resources","authors":"Claire Stansfield, April Coombe, Michelle Richardson","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09708-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09708-2","url":null,"abstract":"Background Systematic searches for research within the field of crime interventions are challenging. There is a lack of examples to inform how and where to search, and which resources can help identify research from countries across the world. Updating a systematic map of interventions to reduce gang-related violence included searching 55 resources to identify research published since 2005. The search strategy used in the original review required revision and efforts were made to identify relevant research published outside scholarly journals, and research conducted outside of the USA. The updated search included conventional database searches, network graph searches (citation- and related-item-searching using the former Microsoft Academic Graph), and website searches. Objective The objective of this study is to describe the design of the database update searches and to understand which information resources were useful in identifying relevant records, non-journal records, and records of research conducted outside of the USA. Methods (1) We reflected on the search strategy design process, which was informed from analysing the records in the original systematic map and exploratory searches. (2) We focussed on 157 new records in the updated map that met the eligibility criteria of the original map and matched these to the search results obtained from each information resource. Findings At the planning stage it appeared necessary to search many resources and to use multiple concepts to capture the diverse literature. The 157 relevant records were found across 37 of the 55 information resources searched. These resources spanned multiple research fields. Eleven resources each provided at least 10% of the records, collectively yielding 80% of the records. Citation and related-item searches provided 24 records not identified elsewhere. Just 20% (32/157) of records described studies conducted outside the USA. This included 11% (17) from the UK and 6% (10) from low- and middle-income countries (LMIC). There was a lack of resources that supported identification of studies from LMIC. Most of the non-US grey literature comprised reports conducted in the UK. Conclusions Information resources change over time, though the principle of taking a multi-stranded approach to the choice of search terms and selection of information resources appears essential to find intervention research within the field of criminology. Boolean text-based searches can be strengthened by using network graph searching (citation and related-items searches). The findings emphasise challenges for locating research published outside of the USA. Newer resources are worth investigating for their potential in addressing this challenge. We recommend those funding, producing and disseminating research consider how to enhance its visibility and reduce research waste.","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"150 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145599259","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09711-7
Seth Watts, Brandon del Pozo, Michael D. White, Aili Malm
The diffusion of innovations in policing has often been hindered by barriers to implementation and officer acceptance, which can derail an innovation regardless of its validity or effectiveness. Implementation Science (IS) is a useful lens for addressing such concerns because IS empirically examines the way a new technology or strategy is deployed, and it offers insights on barriers, facilitators, and fidelity. The present study uses an IS framework to investigate one of the latest innovations in policing: Artificial Intelligence (AI). In early 2024, two Arizona police departments deployed Truleo, an AI-driven body-worn camera review platform, via randomized controlled trials, but only one of those departments used a feature of Truleo that sends automated positive feedback emails to officers when they engage in behaviors assessed as “highly professional” by the AI algorithm. Using cross-sectional survey data from line-level officers ( n = 84), we estimate both intent-to-treat and instrumental variable regression models to examine the effect of the automated emails on three implementation outcomes: acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. Officers in the department with automated feedback enabled reported higher levels of the appropriateness of Truleo. The instrumental variable models suggest that the automated emails resulted in higher levels of acceptability and appropriateness. The findings highlight: (1) the importance of evaluating different implementation strategies when deploying new technologies like AI, and (2) the potential value of providing AI-generated positive feedback to officers in the field as a means of ensuring the successful implementation of AI-driven officer accountability platforms in an agency.
{"title":"Does automated feedback impact the acceptability of AI-generated police body worn camera review? An implementation science natural experiment","authors":"Seth Watts, Brandon del Pozo, Michael D. White, Aili Malm","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09711-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09711-7","url":null,"abstract":"The diffusion of innovations in policing has often been hindered by barriers to implementation and officer acceptance, which can derail an innovation regardless of its validity or effectiveness. Implementation Science (IS) is a useful lens for addressing such concerns because IS empirically examines the way a new technology or strategy is deployed, and it offers insights on barriers, facilitators, and fidelity. The present study uses an IS framework to investigate one of the latest innovations in policing: Artificial Intelligence (AI). In early 2024, two Arizona police departments deployed Truleo, an AI-driven body-worn camera review platform, via randomized controlled trials, but only one of those departments used a feature of Truleo that sends automated positive feedback emails to officers when they engage in behaviors assessed as “highly professional” by the AI algorithm. Using cross-sectional survey data from line-level officers ( <jats:italic>n</jats:italic> = 84), we estimate both intent-to-treat and instrumental variable regression models to examine the effect of the automated emails on three implementation outcomes: acceptability, appropriateness, and feasibility. Officers in the department with automated feedback enabled reported higher levels of the appropriateness of Truleo. The instrumental variable models suggest that the automated emails resulted in higher levels of acceptability and appropriateness. The findings highlight: (1) the importance of evaluating different implementation strategies when deploying new technologies like AI, and (2) the potential value of providing AI-generated positive feedback to officers in the field as a means of ensuring the successful implementation of AI-driven officer accountability platforms in an agency.","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145583055","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-22DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09718-0
Jill Viglione, Niloofar Ramezani, Teneshia Thurman, Jennifer E. Johnson, Faye S. Taxman
{"title":"Reducing confounding in natural experiments: evaluating a multilevel matching approach","authors":"Jill Viglione, Niloofar Ramezani, Teneshia Thurman, Jennifer E. Johnson, Faye S. Taxman","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09718-0","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09718-0","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"88 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145575680","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-17DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09706-4
Junha Anthony Shin, Elisabeth Duursma, Lynn Sheridan
{"title":"Vocational Education and Training (VET) for prisoners: a scoping review","authors":"Junha Anthony Shin, Elisabeth Duursma, Lynn Sheridan","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09706-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09706-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"26 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145532094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-15DOI: 10.1007/s11292-025-09715-3
Samantha Luna, Allison D. Redlich
Objectives We tested the behavioral effects of theoretically coercive plea negotiation scenarios on mock defendant decision-making and perceptions using a novel paradigm. Methods We conducted an experimental plea negotiation study to address how the theoretically coercive elements of constraints, conditional offers, and conditional threats impact plea decision-making of guilty and innocent defendants. Community member participants ( N = 316) acted as mock defendants and negotiated a plea deal with trained confederate prosecutors and defense attorneys. Results We found that conditional offers and guilt status significantly increased plea acceptance. Guilty participants were over 16 times more likely to accept a plea than innocent ones. Notably, 32.9% of innocent participants accepted a plea when a conditional offer was present, compared to 5.0% when absent. Conclusions This research advances our understanding of which plea tactics and elements may place innocent defendants at the greatest risk for involuntary and false guilty pleas.
{"title":"Testing a theoretical definition of coercion with an experimental plea negotiation paradigm","authors":"Samantha Luna, Allison D. Redlich","doi":"10.1007/s11292-025-09715-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11292-025-09715-3","url":null,"abstract":"Objectives We tested the behavioral effects of theoretically coercive plea negotiation scenarios on mock defendant decision-making and perceptions using a novel paradigm. Methods We conducted an experimental plea negotiation study to address how the theoretically coercive elements of constraints, conditional offers, and conditional threats impact plea decision-making of guilty and innocent defendants. Community member participants ( <jats:italic>N</jats:italic> = 316) acted as mock defendants and negotiated a plea deal with trained confederate prosecutors and defense attorneys. Results We found that conditional offers and guilt status significantly increased plea acceptance. Guilty participants were over 16 times more likely to accept a plea than innocent ones. Notably, 32.9% of innocent participants accepted a plea when a conditional offer was present, compared to 5.0% when absent. Conclusions This research advances our understanding of which plea tactics and elements may place innocent defendants at the greatest risk for involuntary and false guilty pleas.","PeriodicalId":47684,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Experimental Criminology","volume":"39 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2025-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145515850","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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