Public transportation systems experience dynamic changes over time to accommodate growing cities, yet evaluations of their impact on crime often focus on shorter, static periods. This study examines the long-term relationship between light rail expansion and crime, using a 20-year observation period in Charlotte, NC. We analyze changes in crime patterns near original, expanded, and planned light rail station locations.
We conducted a quasi-experimental program evaluation of the opening of light rail stations on crime at place. We estimated Poisson regression models with fixed effects and difference in difference models to analyze crime incidents at street intersections surrounding light rail stations across varying spatial distances.
Our findings suggest that the expansion of the light rail system led to an increase in crime around train stations. We observe a significant intervention effect across multiple crime categories and spatial distances. These analyses suggest the effect appears stronger after the expansion of light rail service to additional train stations.
These results have implications for a wide range of community stakeholders involved with the planning of public transportation. Given the evolving demand for transit systems, our findings highlight the need for crime prevention policies to accompany infrastructure expansion and mitigate crime.
To examine whether various data structures, visualizations, and “nudges” impact police leader’s (lieutenant and above) strategic crime prevention decisions.
We utilized a multi-armed survey experiment in which police leaders (N = 1195) were randomly assigned various data visuals and “nudges” to investigate their impact on police leader’s decision-making intentions.
When police leaders were presented process behavioral charts and hot spot street segment maps, they more accurately identified jurisdictional crime trends and high crime areas, respectively. However, when presented with kernel density maps compared to hot spot maps, police leaders were not influenced by data visuals and no more likely to respond to crime problems with empirically promising evidence-based practices.
This study highlights the value of data presentation and visualizations in how data is presented (e.g., charts, maps) influences police leaders’ decision-making. Data analysts should present refined (micro-unit) data visuals to avoid misappropriating police resources in areas where police resources may not be heavily needed. Further, process behavioral charts provide realistic variations in jurisdictional crime trends, which were clearly interpreted by police leaders. Police researchers should consistently keep police leaders apprised of “what works, what doesn’t, what’s promising,” while police leaders should engage with data/research and consider implementing evidence-based practices.
This study examines the extent to which “mass incarceration” has support among the American public as the lynchpin of correctional policy.
Three information experiments embedded in a 2023 nationwide YouGov survey of 1000 Americans tested whether providing facts about the extent and nature of incarceration impacts public opinion.
Few Americans support the imprisonment binge; many are emotionally bothered by it and believe it is immoral, inhumane, and/or racist. The experimental information treatments had little impact on public opinion, which is consistent with the theory that popular discourse, media coverage, and personal and vicarious experiences with incarceration have increased Americans’ awareness of the carceral state.
The findings align with broader evidence that public punitiveness has declined in recent years, ushering in a new penal sensibility. The results suggest the “get tough” movement has lost traction in the United States, partly because of growing knowledge about the carceral state.
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