Pub Date : 2023-02-02DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2023.2166940
Liang Ma
ABSTRACT Social identity theory (SIT) suggests that organizations fulfill stakeholders’ psychological needs by meeting their self-definitional needs. Different crises may undermine such psychological fulfillment to varying degrees and lead stakeholders to react differently to the crises. This study examined the intersection of SIT and crisis communication in the context of social-cause-related nonprofit organizations (NPOs). It used the concept of identity threat to investigate whether a crisis is more detrimental when it directly compromises an NPO’s organizational identity and whether this effect varies depending on the stakeholders’ levels of social-cause involvement. Data were collected from 630 participants in an online between-subject experiment. As the study found, a crisis that directly compromises an NPO’s identity does more damage to stakeholders’ identification, attribution of responsibility, attitudes, and intentions of negative word-of-mouth than a crisis that does not. However, this effect of crisis types disappears among stakeholders with low social-cause involvement. Additionally, stakeholder-NPO identification mediates the interaction effects of crisis types and social-cause involvement on the attitudinal and intentional outcomes.
{"title":"Investigating Stakeholders’ Reactions to Crises in the Nonprofit Sector Through the Lens of Social Identity Theory","authors":"Liang Ma","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2023.2166940","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2023.2166940","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Social identity theory (SIT) suggests that organizations fulfill stakeholders’ psychological needs by meeting their self-definitional needs. Different crises may undermine such psychological fulfillment to varying degrees and lead stakeholders to react differently to the crises. This study examined the intersection of SIT and crisis communication in the context of social-cause-related nonprofit organizations (NPOs). It used the concept of identity threat to investigate whether a crisis is more detrimental when it directly compromises an NPO’s organizational identity and whether this effect varies depending on the stakeholders’ levels of social-cause involvement. Data were collected from 630 participants in an online between-subject experiment. As the study found, a crisis that directly compromises an NPO’s identity does more damage to stakeholders’ identification, attribution of responsibility, attitudes, and intentions of negative word-of-mouth than a crisis that does not. However, this effect of crisis types disappears among stakeholders with low social-cause involvement. Additionally, stakeholder-NPO identification mediates the interaction effects of crisis types and social-cause involvement on the attitudinal and intentional outcomes.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"113 - 133"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44444094","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-02-01DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2160335
M. Zhan, Xinyan Zhao
ABSTRACT The accumulating literature regarding antecedents of organization-public relationships (OPRs) has been mixed. This study employed a meta-analytic method to synthesize the roles of organizational openness and publics’ engagement behaviors quantitatively and systematically in studies of OPRs. The results showed that the corrected mean correlations ( ) between organizational openness and OPRs ranged from .52 to .72, and those between publics’ engagement behaviors and OPRs ranged from .30 ‘to .42. Overall, the relationships between engagement and elements of OPRs differed for (1) for-profit organizations versus others (e.g. nonprofits, government); (2) samples collected from the eastern versus western cultures; and (3) different types of populations (i.e. students, survey panels, and target populations). Similar patterns also emerged for the moderating effects of organization and population type on the associations between openness and OPRs. Synthesizing existing empirical results on openness, engagement, and OPRs meta-analytically helps build consensus on those relationships and inspires new directions for OPRs theory building.
{"title":"Fostering Organization-Public Relationships Through Openness and Engagement: A Meta-Analysis","authors":"M. Zhan, Xinyan Zhao","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2160335","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2160335","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The accumulating literature regarding antecedents of organization-public relationships (OPRs) has been mixed. This study employed a meta-analytic method to synthesize the roles of organizational openness and publics’ engagement behaviors quantitatively and systematically in studies of OPRs. The results showed that the corrected mean correlations ( ) between organizational openness and OPRs ranged from .52 to .72, and those between publics’ engagement behaviors and OPRs ranged from .30 ‘to .42. Overall, the relationships between engagement and elements of OPRs differed for (1) for-profit organizations versus others (e.g. nonprofits, government); (2) samples collected from the eastern versus western cultures; and (3) different types of populations (i.e. students, survey panels, and target populations). Similar patterns also emerged for the moderating effects of organization and population type on the associations between openness and OPRs. Synthesizing existing empirical results on openness, engagement, and OPRs meta-analytically helps build consensus on those relationships and inspires new directions for OPRs theory building.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"86 - 112"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46077009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-11DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2164004
T. Gallicano, Olivia Lawless, Abagail M. Higgins, Samira Shaikh, Sara M. Levens
ABSTRACT The combination of a global pandemic and an ignited social justice movement created a digital environment in which people turned to social media to navigate a concentric firestorm fueled by both the Black Lives Matter movement and the COVID-19 pandemic. Through interviews with 25 supporters of the Black Lives Matter movement, we used the circuit of culture to build theory about the production and consumption of messages. Specifically, we examined the ways in which meaning was produced, interpreted, and contested in the context of a social movement occurring inside of a global pandemic. We engaged in theoretical bricolage by demonstrating how perspective by incongruity, appropriation, and the referent criterion can shape meaning within the context of the circuit of culture. This study concludes with a foundational conceptualization of concentric firestorms, and we relate this conceptualization to two concepts we propose based on our data: virtual density and virtual saturation.
{"title":"The Concentric Firestorm: A Qualitative Study of Black Lives Matter Activism and the COVID-19 Pandemic","authors":"T. Gallicano, Olivia Lawless, Abagail M. Higgins, Samira Shaikh, Sara M. Levens","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2164004","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2164004","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The combination of a global pandemic and an ignited social justice movement created a digital environment in which people turned to social media to navigate a concentric firestorm fueled by both the Black Lives Matter movement and the COVID-19 pandemic. Through interviews with 25 supporters of the Black Lives Matter movement, we used the circuit of culture to build theory about the production and consumption of messages. Specifically, we examined the ways in which meaning was produced, interpreted, and contested in the context of a social movement occurring inside of a global pandemic. We engaged in theoretical bricolage by demonstrating how perspective by incongruity, appropriation, and the referent criterion can shape meaning within the context of the circuit of culture. This study concludes with a foundational conceptualization of concentric firestorms, and we relate this conceptualization to two concepts we propose based on our data: virtual density and virtual saturation.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"63 - 85"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42718566","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-01-02DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2148673
Yeonsoo Kim, Iccha Basnyat, Shana Meganck
ABSTRACT Informed by crisis communication literature and dialogic communication theory, this study proposed an internal crisis communication model for the COVID-19 pandemic, considering base crisis responses (i.e., instructing information, adjusting information) and dialogic competency (i.e., mutuality, openness) as key variables. Trust in organizational commitment related to the COVID-19 pandemic was presented as a mediator. Through this model, we examined how employees’ sense of belonging to their organization, relational satisfaction, and their support for organizational decisions about COVID-19 were related to the factors presented. An online survey of full-time employees in the U.S. was conducted. The study found that instructing information in the context of COVID-19 was positively associated with employee trust in their organization’s pandemic-related commitment and, in turn, increased employees’ support for organizational decisions, sense of belonging, and relationship satisfaction. Conversely, adjusting information had a negative effect on employee trust in organizational commitment. The dialogic competency of employers in COVID-19-related internal crisis communication, characterized by mutuality and openness, was not only indirectly related to positive employee responses through trust in their organization’s commitment, but was also directly related to greater support of organizational decisions, a sense of belonging, and relationship satisfaction. Based on the findings, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.
{"title":"The Role of Base Crisis Response and Dialogic Competency: Employee Response to COVID-19 Internal Crisis Communication","authors":"Yeonsoo Kim, Iccha Basnyat, Shana Meganck","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2148673","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2148673","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Informed by crisis communication literature and dialogic communication theory, this study proposed an internal crisis communication model for the COVID-19 pandemic, considering base crisis responses (i.e., instructing information, adjusting information) and dialogic competency (i.e., mutuality, openness) as key variables. Trust in organizational commitment related to the COVID-19 pandemic was presented as a mediator. Through this model, we examined how employees’ sense of belonging to their organization, relational satisfaction, and their support for organizational decisions about COVID-19 were related to the factors presented. An online survey of full-time employees in the U.S. was conducted. The study found that instructing information in the context of COVID-19 was positively associated with employee trust in their organization’s pandemic-related commitment and, in turn, increased employees’ support for organizational decisions, sense of belonging, and relationship satisfaction. Conversely, adjusting information had a negative effect on employee trust in organizational commitment. The dialogic competency of employers in COVID-19-related internal crisis communication, characterized by mutuality and openness, was not only indirectly related to positive employee responses through trust in their organization’s commitment, but was also directly related to greater support of organizational decisions, a sense of belonging, and relationship satisfaction. Based on the findings, theoretical and practical implications were discussed.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"37 - 61"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45870686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-21DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2149533
Lan Ni, Hongmei Shen
ABSTRACT Integrating the situational and cross-situational approaches to understanding publics, this study examined cultural antecedents (self-construal and political identity salience) to situational perceptions (problem recognition, involvement recognition, constraint recognition), situational motivation, and key information behavior regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from an online survey (N = 556) showed that political identity salience and interdependent self-construal triggered publics’ situational perceptions, which in turn activated their situational motivation and information forwarding behaviors. The study contributed to public research through examining important cultural influences on value-laden and polarized issues and revealing additional nuances in communicative activeness.
{"title":"A Cultural Approach to Understanding Publics and their Information Behaviors during COVID-19: Self-Construal and Identity Salience","authors":"Lan Ni, Hongmei Shen","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2149533","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2149533","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Integrating the situational and cross-situational approaches to understanding publics, this study examined cultural antecedents (self-construal and political identity salience) to situational perceptions (problem recognition, involvement recognition, constraint recognition), situational motivation, and key information behavior regarding the COVID-19 pandemic. Results from an online survey (N = 556) showed that political identity salience and interdependent self-construal triggered publics’ situational perceptions, which in turn activated their situational motivation and information forwarding behaviors. The study contributed to public research through examining important cultural influences on value-laden and polarized issues and revealing additional nuances in communicative activeness.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"1 - 16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45455868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-12-13DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2150624
W. Tao, Yeunjae Lee, J. Li, Mu He
ABSTRACT Encouraging employees’ vaccine uptake and motivating their vaccine advocacy are crucial steps to secure workplace health and safety during the current pandemic. Yet, how to achieve those steps remains challenging. To address this challenge, this study examines whether and how companies’ vaccine communication efforts with employees, particularly dialogic communication, can motivate employees’ advocacy behaviors for COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Specifically, by drawing insights from public relations, management, psychology, and health communication research, we predict that organizations’ dialogic communication will enhance employees’ perceptions of organizational support for vaccination, which will further increase employees’ positive emotions while decreasing their negative emotions toward the vaccines. These emotional states will ultimately contribute to employees’ vaccine advocacy. An online survey among 505 full-time U.S. employees supported our predictions. Our study advances public relations, organizational communication, and workplace health scholarships and practice by revealing the under-explored role of workplace communication in promoting public health.
{"title":"How Dialogic Vaccine Communication in the Workplace Facilitates Employee Advocacy for COVID-19 Vaccine Uptake","authors":"W. Tao, Yeunjae Lee, J. Li, Mu He","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2150624","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2150624","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Encouraging employees’ vaccine uptake and motivating their vaccine advocacy are crucial steps to secure workplace health and safety during the current pandemic. Yet, how to achieve those steps remains challenging. To address this challenge, this study examines whether and how companies’ vaccine communication efforts with employees, particularly dialogic communication, can motivate employees’ advocacy behaviors for COVID-19 vaccine uptake. Specifically, by drawing insights from public relations, management, psychology, and health communication research, we predict that organizations’ dialogic communication will enhance employees’ perceptions of organizational support for vaccination, which will further increase employees’ positive emotions while decreasing their negative emotions toward the vaccines. These emotional states will ultimately contribute to employees’ vaccine advocacy. An online survey among 505 full-time U.S. employees supported our predictions. Our study advances public relations, organizational communication, and workplace health scholarships and practice by revealing the under-explored role of workplace communication in promoting public health.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"35 1","pages":"17 - 36"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46061614","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-10-11DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2127728
Luke W. Capizzo, Meredith Feinman
ABSTRACT This conceptual paper introduces the concept of civic listening to augment organizational listening theory and practice. Drawing from critical theorists Arendt and Mouffe, it centers pluralism, agonism, deliberation, and reflection as central to listening and delineates the functions and values of civic listening to add to existing architectures. In doing so it provides additional guidance to help organizations (1) listen for what might be challenging for leaders to hear, (2) ensure values of deliberation and pluralism are enacted in listening contexts, and (3) help better triangulate organizational awareness among a diverse constellation of other organizations and stakeholders. Building on organizational listening scholarship that addresses the potential for the concept’s contributions to democratic society, this new perspective points toward deeper, more nuanced, and more equitable organizational engagement in civic discourse and firmer ground for contentious issue involvement. It introduces five critical values within an architecture of civic listening to guide practice: “other” orientation, pluralistic engagement, harmony over consensus, reflective processes, and social problem-solving focus.
{"title":"Extending civic values in architectures of listening: Arendt, Mouffe and the pluralistic imperative for organizational listening","authors":"Luke W. Capizzo, Meredith Feinman","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2127728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2127728","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This conceptual paper introduces the concept of civic listening to augment organizational listening theory and practice. Drawing from critical theorists Arendt and Mouffe, it centers pluralism, agonism, deliberation, and reflection as central to listening and delineates the functions and values of civic listening to add to existing architectures. In doing so it provides additional guidance to help organizations (1) listen for what might be challenging for leaders to hear, (2) ensure values of deliberation and pluralism are enacted in listening contexts, and (3) help better triangulate organizational awareness among a diverse constellation of other organizations and stakeholders. Building on organizational listening scholarship that addresses the potential for the concept’s contributions to democratic society, this new perspective points toward deeper, more nuanced, and more equitable organizational engagement in civic discourse and firmer ground for contentious issue involvement. It introduces five critical values within an architecture of civic listening to guide practice: “other” orientation, pluralistic engagement, harmony over consensus, reflective processes, and social problem-solving focus.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"274 - 295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45355827","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-28DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2118749
Sarah A. Aghazadeh
ABSTRACT Public relations (PR) scholars have highlighted the discipline’s responsibility to advocate for marginalized groups against the backdrop of fully functioning society theory (FFST), which emphasizes how collectives, issues, and ideas undergo appraisal for collective decision-making. What is in need of scholarly inquiry is how marginalized groups struggle to assert the legitimacy and authenticity required to influence collective decision-making when appraisals of worth are predicated on the cultural context that marginalizes them. This essay explicates legitimacy and authenticity alongside culture and marginality to investigate the specific advocacy challenges that marginalized groups face. Ultimately, it presents theoretical extensions for FFST, urges PR to consider the differences between facilitational and representational advocacy approaches for marginalized groups, and encourages PR scholarship and practice to legitimize lived experience. While this essay primarily draws examples from a specific marginalized group within mental health advocacy, consumers/survivors/ex-patients, it also offers reflections for other marginalized groups.
{"title":"Advocacy and marginality: Considering legitimacy, authenticity, and culture to extend fully functioning society theory","authors":"Sarah A. Aghazadeh","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2118749","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2118749","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Public relations (PR) scholars have highlighted the discipline’s responsibility to advocate for marginalized groups against the backdrop of fully functioning society theory (FFST), which emphasizes how collectives, issues, and ideas undergo appraisal for collective decision-making. What is in need of scholarly inquiry is how marginalized groups struggle to assert the legitimacy and authenticity required to influence collective decision-making when appraisals of worth are predicated on the cultural context that marginalizes them. This essay explicates legitimacy and authenticity alongside culture and marginality to investigate the specific advocacy challenges that marginalized groups face. Ultimately, it presents theoretical extensions for FFST, urges PR to consider the differences between facilitational and representational advocacy approaches for marginalized groups, and encourages PR scholarship and practice to legitimize lived experience. While this essay primarily draws examples from a specific marginalized group within mental health advocacy, consumers/survivors/ex-patients, it also offers reflections for other marginalized groups.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"257 - 273"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45641735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-22DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2123331
Sung-Un Yang, Minjeong Kang, Young Kim, Ejae Lee
ABSTRACT Despite the growing attention to corporate social advocacy in the extant literature, little empirical research has examined the effects of corporate social advocacy in the context of employees. The purpose of this study was to delve into the impact of leadership in corporate social advocacy (CSA) on positive employee outcomes, using data from an online survey of full-time employees working in various corporations in the United States. Controlling for the participants’ tenure, demographic information, and company size, this study found that leaders’ facilitation of corporate social advocacy strongly influenced employee advocacy for their organizations, which was also significantly mediated by employees’ personal identification with the leader and by employee–organization relationship (EOR) quality.
{"title":"The effects of leadership in corporate social advocacy on positive employee outcomes","authors":"Sung-Un Yang, Minjeong Kang, Young Kim, Ejae Lee","doi":"10.1080/1062726X.2022.2123331","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/1062726X.2022.2123331","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT Despite the growing attention to corporate social advocacy in the extant literature, little empirical research has examined the effects of corporate social advocacy in the context of employees. The purpose of this study was to delve into the impact of leadership in corporate social advocacy (CSA) on positive employee outcomes, using data from an online survey of full-time employees working in various corporations in the United States. Controlling for the participants’ tenure, demographic information, and company size, this study found that leaders’ facilitation of corporate social advocacy strongly influenced employee advocacy for their organizations, which was also significantly mediated by employees’ personal identification with the leader and by employee–organization relationship (EOR) quality.","PeriodicalId":47737,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Public Relations Research","volume":"34 1","pages":"296 - 316"},"PeriodicalIF":3.4,"publicationDate":"2022-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43064635","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"文学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2022-09-03DOI: 10.1080/1062726X.2022.2125152
N. Browning, Sung-Un Yang
Ferguson’s (1984) call for a paradigm shift in public relations research, namely to focus on relationships themselves as the unit of analysis rather than the individuals and entities engaged in those relationships, ranks among the most influential pieces of scholarship in our field – so much so that previous editor-in-chief Bey-Ling Sha requested a 2018 reprint in this journal. Ferguson’s (2018) piece is by far the most cited manuscript published in the Journal of Public Relations Research over the past five years, a testament to her idea’s lasting legacy. Ferguson’s (1984, 2018) work is the foundation stone of the organizational-public relationship paradigm, a bedrock of public relations scholarship for at least the past two decades. Ledingham and colleagues were among the earliest to intensely push this construct forward and the first to codify a general theory of relationship management. Ledingham and Bruning (1998) defined an OPR as “the state which exists between an organization and its key publics in which the actions of either entity impact the economic, social, political and/or cultural well-being of the other entity” (p. 62). Ledingham (2003) would later propose 14 axioms of OPRs, among them that such relationships are transactional; dynamic; goal oriented; governed by expectations of parties involved; driven by those parties needs and wants; and nurtured/fostered by several factors, including communication. The number of published OPR studies in this journal – as well as related outlets like Public Relations Review, Journalism & Mass Communication Quarterly, and Journal of Communication Management – seems to have grown exponentially. Hon and Grunig’s (1999) widely utilized scale for measuring OPR quality has been particularly impactful here, allowing scholars to assess this key construct and study it across various sectors and in relation to numerous antecedent, dependent, moderating, and mediating variables. In short, OPR has been a game changer for our field . . . but perhaps not to the degree we often perceive. As Fawkes (2015) argues, though OPR was perhaps a revolutionary conception, our approach to studying OPR in many ways represents an evolution of the existing excellence paradigm. We can certainty appreciate that point, especially considering that:
弗格森(1984)呼吁公共关系研究的范式转变，即把重点放在关系本身作为分析单位，而不是参与这些关系的个人和实体，这是我们领域最具影响力的学术成果之一，以至于前任主编沙蓓玲(音译)要求在2018年在该杂志上转载。弗格森(2018年)的这篇文章是《公共关系研究杂志》(Journal of Public Relations Research)在过去五年中发表的被引用次数最多的文章，证明了她的观点的持久影响。Ferguson(1984,2018)的工作是组织-公共关系范式的基石，至少在过去二十年中是公共关系学术的基石。Ledingham和他的同事是最早强烈推动这一构想的人之一，也是第一个编纂关系管理一般理论的人。Ledingham和Bruning(1998)将OPR定义为“存在于组织及其关键公众之间的状态，其中任何一个实体的行为都会影响另一个实体的经济、社会、政治和/或文化福祉”(第62页)。Ledingham(2003)后来提出了14个opr公理，其中包括这种关系是事务性的;动态;面向目标的;受有关各方期望支配的;受各方需求和愿望的驱动;受到多种因素的影响，包括沟通。在这份杂志上发表的OPR研究的数量——以及相关的媒体，如公共关系评论、新闻与大众传播季刊和传播管理杂志——似乎呈指数级增长。Hon和Grunig(1999)广泛使用的衡量OPR质量的量表在这里特别有影响力，使学者能够评估这一关键结构，并在各个部门以及与众多前因变量、因变量、调节变量和中介变量相关的情况下进行研究。简而言之，OPR已经改变了我们这个领域的游戏规则…但也许没有达到我们通常认为的程度。正如福克斯(2015)所言，尽管OPR可能是一个革命性的概念，但我们在许多方面研究OPR的方法代表了现有卓越范式的演变。我们当然理解这一点，特别是考虑到:
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