Tourism Review最新文献

Purpose

The purpose of this study is to develop research questions and explore industry expert perceptions related to the process of transformative changes in post-COVID-19 gastronomy and wine tourism.

Design/methodology/approach

To achieve this purpose, the authors applied individual and collective brainwriting techniques using the digital whiteboard, Mural. The research questions were answered within Mural's Sailboat template, which helped industry experts describe four situational areas and their symbolic elements. These included transformative change – the island, strategies – the wind, challenges – the anchors and strengths – the coral. The exploration was conducted across interpersonal, organisational and intra-destination levels.

Findings

This study results yielded a know-how framework that synthesised the insights of industry experts. The framework underscores the importance of a sequential approach to embrace transformative change to mindsets, practices and systems. It also advocates strategies (new leadership style, business solutions and community empowerment), potential challenges (self-doubt, established organisational culture and inertia within large systems) and leveraging industry strengths (personality traits, human resources and organisational interdependence) to effectively navigate the evolving gastronomy and wine tourism environment.

Originality/value

This paper represents a pioneering effort in assessing the key areas in the gastronomy and wine business and drawing parallels to the essential levels of transformation required to effectively cope with upcoming uncertainties.

目的

本研究的目的是提出研究问题并探讨行业专家对新冠肺炎 (COVID-19) 后美食和葡萄酒旅游变革过程的看法。

方法

为了实现这一目的, 作者利用数字白板、壁画应用了个人和集体的脑力书写技术。 研究问题在 Mural 的帆船模板中得到了解答, 该模板帮助行业专家描述了四个情景区域及其象征元素。 其中包括变革 – 岛屿、策略 - 风、挑战 - 锚点和优势 - 珊瑚。 探索是在人际、组织和目的地内部层面进行的。

研究结果

研究结果产生了一个综合了行业专家见解的专业知识框架。 该框架强调了采用顺序方法来拥抱思维方式、实践和系统变革的重要性。 它还倡导战略（新的领导风格、业务解决方案和社区赋权）、潜在的挑战（自我怀疑、既定的组织文化和大型系统内的惰性）, 并利用行业优势（个性特征、人力资源、组织相互依赖）来 有效驾驭不断变化的美食和葡萄酒旅游环境。

原创性/价值

本文代表了通过了解有效应对新的不确定性所需的转型水平来评估美食和葡萄酒行业关键形势领域的开创性努力。

Objetivo

La finalidad de este estudio fue desarrollar preguntas de investigación y explorar las percepciones de los expertos de la industria relacionadas con el proceso de cambios transformadores en la gastronomía y el enoturismo post-COVID-19.

Enfoque

Para lograr este objetivo, los autores aplicaron técnicas de escritura de ideas individuales y colectivas utilizando la pizarra digital Mural. Las preguntas de investigación fueron respondidas dentro de la plantilla Sailboat de Mural, que ayudó a los expertos de la industria a describir cuatro áreas situaci

Purpose

The purpose of this paper is to chart the history of tourism academia and offer observations as to its future development in the 21st century.

Design/methodology/approach

This paper uses a limited review of the literature and the personal reflections of the authors as its main approaches.

Findings

In reviewing the multi-generational history of tourism academia, it became apparent that whilst we have become a more scientifically rigorous community of scholars, a challenge for the academy going forward will be how best to cultivate a spirit of understanding among different parts of the academy when presented with viewpoints that do not appear to coalesce with one’s understanding of “truth”.

Originality/value

This paper contributes to scholarly debates over the history and future of tourism academia by challenging the academy to reflect critically on its increasing diversity and how to incorporate diverse viewpoints into the tourism knowledge canon.

目的

本文的目的是绘制旅游学术的历史, 并对其在21世纪的未来发展提出看法。

设计/方法论/方法

本文采用有限的文献综述和作者的个人反思作为主要方法。

调查结果

在回顾旅游学术界的代际更替历史时, 很明显, 虽然我们已经成为一个科学严谨的学者群体, 旅游学界未来面临的挑战将是, 当学术界不同群体提出的观点似乎与人们对“真理”的理解不一致时, 如何更好的培养大家的理解精神。

原创/价值

本文通过挑战学术界批判性地反思其增长, 为学术界关于旅游学术的历史和未来的辩论做出了贡献。

Objetivo

El objetivo de este trabajo es trazar la historia de la academia del turismo y ofrecer observaciones sobre su futuro desarrollo en el siglo XXI.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Este artículo se basa en una revisión limitada de la literatura y en las reflexiones personales de los autores a sus principales enfoques.

Resultados

A lo largo de la revisión de la historia multigeneracional de la academia del turismo, se pone de manifiesto que, si bien nos hemos convertido en una comunidad de estudiosos más rigurosa desde el punto de vista científico, uno de los retos para el mundo académico en el futuro será cómo cultivar mejor un espíritu de entendimiento entre las distintas partes del mundo académico cuando se presenten puntos de vista que no parezcan coincidir con la propia concepción de la “verdad”.

Originalidad

Este artículo contribuye a los debates académicos sobre la historia y el futuro de la academia en turismo, al desafiar a la academia a reflexionar críticamente sobre su creciente diversidad y sobre cómo incorporar diversos puntos de vista al canon del conocimiento turístico.

Purpose

This study aims to assess extant research streams to delineate new research directions for tourism stakeholders’ mental health and well-being.

Design/methodology/approach

A comprehensive review of the literature on various topics related to mental health, well-being, memorable experiences, emotions, community well-being, wellness tourism and sustainable development was conducted.

Findings

Several research directions for different research subjects were identified: tourists employees, and the community. For tourists, the research topics included mental health, well-being, memorable experiences and wellness tourism. For research on employees, the focus included their mental health, psychological well-being and negative emotions. In studying the role of tourism in community mental health and well-being, research has explored community well-being and emotional solidarity and used a capital approach. This study discusses several new research directions based on past research trends, global trends and other relevant factors.

Originality/value

This conceptual study can help understand the new holistic research landscape of mental health and well-being.

目的

本研究的目标是评估当前的研究现状, 为旅游相关的心理健康和幸福感确定新的研究方向。

设计/方法论/途径

对关于心理健康、幸福感、难忘体验、情绪、社区幸福感、健康旅游和可持续发展等多个主题的文献进行了全面审阅。

发现

确定了针对不同研究对象的若干研究方向：游客、员工和社区。对于游客, 研究主题包括心理健康、幸福感、难忘体验和健康旅游。对于员工的研究, 重点包括他们的心理健康、心理幸福感和负面情绪。在研究旅游对社区心理健康和幸福感的影响时, 探讨了社区幸福感、情感团结以及资本方法的运用。本研究根据过去的研究趋势、全球动态和其他相关因素, 提出了若干新的研究方向。

原创性/价值

这项概念性研究有助于全面理解心理健康和幸福感的新研究格局。

Propósito

Este estudio tuvo como objetivo evaluar las corrientes de investigación existentes para delinear nuevas direcciones de investigación para la salud mental y el bienestar de los actores turísticos.

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

Se realizó una revisión exhaustiva de la literatura sobre diversos temas relacionados con la salud mental, el bienestar, las experiencias memorables, las emociones, el bienestar comunitario, el turismo de bienestar y el desarrollo sostenible.

Hallazgos

Se identificaron varias direcciones de investigación para diferentes sujetos de investigación: turistas, empleados y la comunidad. Para los turistas, los temas de investigación incluyeron la salud mental, el bienestar, las experiencias memorables y el turismo de bienestar. Para la investigación sobre los empleados, el enfoque incluyó su salud mental, bienestar psicológico y emociones negativas. Al estudiar el papel del turismo en la salud mental y el bienestar comunitario, la investigación ha explorado el bienestar comunitario y la solidaridad emocional, y ha utilizado un enfoque de capital

Purpose

Through an interdisciplinary lens of positive psychology, this paper aims to explore positive experiences for human transformation, recognising their potential for a positive impact and contribution to the future tourism industry and the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs).

Design/methodology/approach

A literature review forms the basis for the present paper.

Findings

Based on an in-depth literature review, four main avenues for positive experience design are proposed: designing transformative tourism experiences and measuring long-term impact; designing digital transformative tourism experiences; facilitating and guiding transformative experiences; and training to guide transformative experiences.

Originality/value

This study contributes to the interdisciplinary body of literature on positive psychology, experience design, and human transformation in the context of tourism. Cutting-edge perspectives are outlined to develop a theoretical and practical understanding of how to intentionally design for positive transformative experiences in tourism and make a positive contribution to the SDG 3 good health and well-being.

目的

本文通过积极心理学的跨学科视角, 探讨促进人类转变的积极体验, 认识到其对未来旅游业和可持续发展目标（SDGs）产生积极影响和做出贡献的潜力。

设计/方法/途径–文献综述是本文的基础。

研究结果 - 基于深入的文献综述, 提出了积极体验设计的四个主要途径, 包括：1）设计变革性旅游体验并衡量长期影响; 2）设计数字化变革性旅游体验; 3）促进和引导变革性体验; 以及 4）培训指导变革性体验。

原创性/价值

本研究为有关积极心理学、体验设计和旅游业背景下的人类转型的跨学科文献做出了贡献。本研究概述了前沿观点, 以便从理论和实践上理解如何在旅游业中有意识地设计积极的转型体验, 并为可持续发展目标 3–良好的健康和福祉做出积极贡献。

Propósito

A través del prisma interdisciplinar de la psicología positiva, este documento explora las experiencias positivas para la transformación humana, reconociendo su potencial para un impacto positivo y su contribución a la futura industria turística y a los Objetivos de Desarrollo Sostenible (ODS).

Diseño/metodología/enfoque

El presente documento se basa en una revisión bibliográfica.

Conclusiones

Sobre la base de una revisión en profundidad de la literatura, se proponen cuatro vías principales para el diseño de experiencias positivas, incluyendo 1) el diseño de experiencias turísticas transformadoras y la medición del impacto a largo plazo, 2) el diseño de experiencias turísticas transformadoras digitales, 3) la facilitación y guía de experiencias transformadoras, y 4) la formación para guiar experiencias transformadoras.

Originalidad/valor

Este estudio contribuye al cuerpo interdisciplinario de literatura sobre psicología positiva, diseño de experiencias y transformación humana en el contexto del turismo. Se esbozan perspectivas de vanguardia para desarrollar una comprensión teórica y pr

Purpose

In line with the stimulus overload theory, this study seeks a comprehensive understanding of tourism crowding by examining residents’ perceived tourism crowding and their corresponding avoidance and approach reactions through sustainable tourism. In addition, the study aims to investigate whether residents’ proenvironmental behavior moderates’ tourism’s negative impacts on the local ecosystem, delving into its potential mitigating role.

Design/methodology/approach

Using purposive sampling, the authors engaged residents associated with government and nongovernment organizations, universities, colleges and schools, as well as individuals from the business sector encompassing hotels, restaurants and cafeterias, markets and dedicated social activists actively involved in community affairs.

Findings

The analysis, conducted on 920 questionnaires using structural equation modeling, demonstrates that tourism crowding exhibits a negative correlation with sustainable tourism and approach reactions but a positive correlation with avoidance reactions. Furthermore, the moderation analysis suggests that as residents’ proenvironmental behavior improves, the detrimental effect of tourism crowding on sustainable tourism diminishes.

Practical implications

The study presents numerous implications for policymakers and the tourism industry, emphasizing the need to comprehend residents’ perceptions of tourism crowding and sustainable tourism. It underscores the importance of engaging residents in the tourism process to achieve sustainability goals.

Originality/value

The novel theoretical contribution lies in applying the stimulus overload theory to examine tourism crowding and sustainable tourism, specifically from the residents’ perspectives.

目的

本研究根据刺激超负荷理论, 通过考察旅游地居民在整个可持续旅游过程中对旅游拥挤的感知以及他们的相应回避和接近反应, 寻求对旅游拥挤的全面了解。此外, 本研究旨在调查旅游地居民的环保行为是否可以缓和旅游对当地生态系统造成的负面影响, 并深入探讨潜在缓解作用。

方法

我们采用目的性抽样方法, 邀请了与政府和非政府组织、大学、学院和学校有关联的旅游地居民, 来自商业领域（包括HORECA“酒店、餐馆和自助餐厅”和市场）的个人, 以及积极参与社区事务的专职社会活动家。

结果

本研究采用结构方程模型（SEM）对920份调查问卷进行分析, 结果表明旅游拥挤与可持续旅游和接近反应呈负相关, 而与回避反应呈正相关。此外, 缓和分析表明, 随着旅游地居民环保行为的改善, 旅游拥挤对可持续旅游的不利影响呈现减弱。

实践启示

本研究为决策者和旅游业提供了许多启示, 强调需要了解旅游地居民对旅游拥挤和可持续旅游的感知, 亦强调了让旅游地居民参与旅游过程的重要性, 以确保实现可持续发展目标。

原创性

本研究贡献了新颖的理论, 应用刺激超负荷理论考察旅游拥挤和可持续旅游, 特别是从旅游地居民角度进行考察。

Propósito

Este estudio busca una comprensión global de la masificación turística mediante el examen de la masificación turística percibida por los residentes y sus correspondientes reacciones de aproximación y evitación a través del turismo sostenible, en el marco de la teoría de la sobrecarga de estímulos. Además, e

Purpose

Emphasizing the critical role of technology-enabled distribution in tourism, this study, a viewpoint, aims to highlight the potential of democratized technologies in readdressing the competitive imbalance between small- and medium-sized tourism enterprises (SMTEs) and their larger peers in today’s online marketplace. By enhancing competitiveness and performance, democratized technologies can strengthen the resilience, sustainability and competitive position of the SMTEs on which tourism depends, helping to support the Horizon 2050 agenda and UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.

Design/methodology/approach

Examining the development of online and electronic distribution in tourism, the viewpoint identifies the key challenges to the successful use of technology-based distribution systems by SMTEs, as well as highlights the trend toward democratized technologies as a potential solution to help improve technology take-up and performance.

Findings

With no/low initial capital or operating costs, and little need for technical expertise, democratized technologies have the potential to overcome two of the three key challenges limiting the successful adoption and use of distribution technologies by SMTES. The key blockage remains one of managerial awareness and acceptability. With informal organization structures, little managerial or technical training and an ingrained reluctance to change, SMTE managers remain unfamiliar of the possibilities offered by this developing trend. While this challenge could be addressed by awareness building and training, in the longer run, it is likely that more substantial progress will arise from generational change in SMTE management, with digitally native successors more likely to exploit this development to improve competitiveness and performance.

Originality/value

Emphasizing the pivotal role that democratized technology can potentially play in redressing the competitive imbalance between SMTEs and their larger peers in the distribution space, this viewpoint serves as a call for action for tourism businesses to re-examine their approach to technology adoption and leverage democratized technologies to address current deficiencies in their distribution approach, helping to improve competitiveness and performance, thus supporting the Horizon 2050 initiative and furthering the UN’s Sustainable Development Goals.

目标

这篇观点论文强调了技术驱动的分销在旅游业中的关键作用, 强调了民主化技术在重新解决中小旅游企业（SMTEs）与其大型同行在当今在线市场中的竞争失衡方面的潜力。通过提高竞争力和绩效, 民主化技术可以加强旅游业所依赖的SMTE的韧性、可持续性和竞争地位, 有助于支持地平线2050议程和联合国可持续发展目标。

设计/方法

该观点论文考察了在线和电子分销在旅游业的发展, 确定了SMTE成功使用基于技术的分销系统的关键挑战, 并强调了将民主化技术作为帮助提高技术使用率和性能的潜在解决方案的趋势。

研究结果

由于没有/较低的初始资本或运营成本, 也几乎不需要技术专业知识, 民主化技术有可能克服限制SMTES成功采用和使用分销技术的三个关键挑战中的两个。关键的障碍仍然是管理意识和可接受性。由于非正式的组织结构、很少的

Purpose

The vulnerability of the tourism industry to an array of risks, encompassing family-related, small- and medium-sized enterprise-specific, strategic, tourism-specific and external factors, highlights the landscape within which small and medium family enterprises (SMFEs) operate. Although SMFEs are an important stakeholder in the dynamic tourism sector, they are not one homogenous group of firms, but have different strategic orientations. This study aims to investigate the interplay between strategic orientation and risk perception to better understand SMFEs risk perception as it is impacting their decision-making processes, resilience and long-term survival. The authors investigate how different strategic orientations contribute to different perspectives on risk among owner-managers.

Design/methodology/approach

Based on a qualitative data corpus of 119 face-to-face interviews, the authors apply various coding rounds to better understand the relationship between strategic orientations and the perceptions of risks. Firstly, the authors analysed the owner–manager interviews and identified three groups of different strategic orientations: proactive and sustainability-oriented SMFE, destination-affirmative and resilience-oriented SMFE and passive SMFE. Secondly, the authors coded the interviews for different risks identified. The authors identified that the three groups show differences in the risk perceptions.

Findings

The data unveil that the three groups of SMFEs have several differences in how they perceive risks. Proactive and sustainability-oriented SMFEs prioritize business risks, demonstrating a penchant for innovation and sustainability. Destination-affirmative and resilience-oriented SMFEs perceive a broader range of risks, tying their investments to destination development, emphasizing family and health risks and navigating competitive pressures. Passive SMFEs, primarily concerned with external risks, exhibit limited awareness of internal and strategic risks, resist change and often defer decision-making to successors. The findings underscore how different strategic orientations influence risk perceptions and decision-making processes within SMFEs in the tourism industry.

Research limitations/implications

The authors contribute to existing knowledge include offering a comprehensive status quo of perceived risks for different strategic orientations, a notably underexplored area. In addition, the differences with respect to risk perception shown in the paper suggest that simplified models ignoring risk perception may be insufficient for policy recommendations and for understanding the dynamics of the tourism sector. For future research, the authors propose to focus on exploring the possible directions in which strategic orientation and risk perception influence one another, which might be a limitation o