Research in Transportation Economics最新文献

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Corrigendum to “Assessing spatial characteristics to predict DRT demand in rural Switzerland” [Research in Transportation Economics 99 (2023) 101301]

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101486

Sebastian Imhof, Kevin Blättler

引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “Workshop 6 report: Micromobility movement in urban transport” [Research in Transportation Economics 103 (2024) 101399]

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101487

Maria Attard , Camila Balbontin

引用次数: 0

Assessment of emerging technologies for high-speed-crafts decarbonization under the European Union regulation 欧盟法规下高速船脱碳新兴技术评估

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101497

Alba Martínez-López , África Marrero , Alejandro Romero-Filgueira

In order to ensure the Carbon Intensity Indicator (CII) compliance by High-Speed-Crafts (HSCs), this paper provides a quantitative analysis of the techno-economic feasibility of a combined solution with slow steaming and vessels' retrofitting with emerging technologies for their electricity supply. Given the varying introductory dates for the EU Market Based Measures (EU-MBM) application for the outermost regions and remaining zones, both scenarios are analyzed through an application case for inter-island 10,000 GT HSCs in the Canarian Archipelago. The results reveal that the most sustainable solution is the green H2 Fuel-Cells use in HSCs' electricity generation, along with 25.3% speed reduction by maintaining their daily calls. However, this solution is less attractive for shipowners due to its Internal Rate of Return and Marginal Abatement Costs. Additionally, EU-MBM shows a deficient convergence with HSC's pollutant impact when renewable energies and alternative fuels are involved in retrofitting, by evidencing significant over grants, especially for on-shore power supply. Fuel-EU fines prove to be the most influent variable on Net Present Value for HSC retrofitting projects, however the current Fuel-EU architecture motives permanent EU-MBM's divergences among EU regions by prejudicing HSC retrofitting with emerging technologies in the outermost regions.

为了确保高速船（hsc）的碳强度指标（CII）合规性，本文定量分析了慢速航行与新兴技术改造船舶电力供应相结合的技术经济可行性。考虑到欧盟基于市场的措施（EU- mbm）在最外围地区和其他地区应用的引入日期不同，本文通过加那利群岛10,000 GT岛间hsc的应用案例分析了这两种情况。结果表明，最可持续的解决方案是在hsc的发电中使用绿色H2燃料电池，同时通过维持日常通话将速度降低25.3%。然而，由于其内部收益率和边际消减成本，这种解决方案对船东的吸引力较低。此外，当可再生能源和替代燃料参与改造时，欧盟- mbm显示出与HSC污染影响的不一致，通过证明大量拨款，特别是岸上电力供应。事实证明，燃料欧盟罚款是对高铁改造项目净现值影响最大的变量，然而，目前的燃料欧盟架构不利于最外部地区使用新兴技术进行高铁改造，从而导致欧盟地区之间的永久性欧盟- mbm分歧。

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引用次数: 0

Switch it: Canadian rail regulations, Ramsey pricing, and potential implications for U.S. rail policy

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-12-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101484

James Nolan, Hakan Andic

Like the Surface Transportation Board (STB) in the United States, the Canadian Transportation Agency (CTA) is the regulatory body governing the rail sector within Canada. Due to possible policy relevance, we examine the CTA’s regulated zonal interswitching (broadly equivalent to reciprocal switching in the U.S.) rates from the perspective of Ramsey (second best) pricing. Interswitching in Canada is intended to promote inter-rail competition when two or more railroads are proximate to each other and the shipper. Using Canadian waybill data and associated pricing parameter estimates as input into a numerical simulation, we examine extant Canadian interswitching rates in comparison to Ramsey rates, assuming each zonal rate corresponds to a distinct level of shipper demand. We find that recent Canadian interswitching rates are not far off of comparable Ramsey prices. Regarding U.S. policy, our findings imply that Ramsey pricing principles could still be used to set reciprocal switching access rates that would be economically justifiable to both shipper and carrier.

引用次数: 0

Male lone wolves and sociable females – Preferences for shared and AV transport services 雄性独狼和善于交际的雌性 - 对共享和 AV 交通服务的偏好

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-11-24 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101493

Linda Wårell, Kristina Ek

This paper examines preferences for future transports, focusing specifically on shared transports and autonomous vehicles, in a national context. A choice experiment approach is applied in which respondents are asked to choose between individual and shared transport services, each associated with different attribute levels (driver/autonomous, waiting and travel times, and costs) for a trip to go grocery shopping. Data are analysed by applying latent class modelling, which facilitates the analysis of heterogeneity in preferences for the attributes across different groups in the sample. The results reveal three groups with considerable heterogeneity in preferences: the group accepting trade-offs, the lone-wolves, and the sociable. The trade-off group do not want to share transport, but are positive towards autonomous vehicles, and make trade-offs between these characteristics and costs. The members in the lone-wolves group are only concerned about not travelling in a shared transport. Members in the smallest sociable group are positive about sharing transports but reject autonomous vehicles. Women are overrepresented in the sociable group, as are people with environmental concern and those who lack a driver's licence. Overall, we find that a majority of the sample does not want to share transport services, which potentially constitutes a major challenge for policy makers regarding reaching environmental transport policy goals.

本文以国家为背景，研究了人们对未来交通工具的偏好，尤其关注共享交通工具和自动驾驶汽车。本文采用了一种选择实验方法，要求受访者在个人和共享交通服务之间做出选择，每种服务都与不同的属性水平（司机/自动驾驶、等待和旅行时间以及成本）相关联。数据分析采用潜类建模法，便于分析样本中不同群体对属性偏好的异质性。结果显示，有三个群体的偏好具有相当大的异质性：接受权衡的群体、独行侠和善于交际的群体。接受权衡的群体不希望共享交通工具，但对自动驾驶汽车持积极态度，并在这些特征和成本之间做出权衡。独狼组的成员只关心不乘坐共享交通工具。最小交际群体的成员对共享交通工具持积极态度，但拒绝自动驾驶汽车。在善于交际的群体中，女性比例较高，关注环境的人和没有驾照的人也是如此。总之，我们发现大多数样本都不希望共享交通服务，这可能是政策制定者在实现环境交通政策目标方面面临的一大挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Understanding college student tourists' travel choices: Economic implications from latent class nested logit modelling 了解大学生游客的旅行选择：潜类嵌套对数模型的经济意义

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-11-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101494

Heng Zhou , Jiale Qiao , Weiwei Li , Richard Norman , Zhigang Yao

In the post-pandemic context, there is a notable lack of in-depth investigation on transport attributes influencing college student tourists' mode choices for medium to long-distance journeys. Based on the stated-preference survey data, this study addresses this oversight by developing latent class nested logit models to simultaneously accommodate individuals' preference heterogeneity and the potential substitution effects among coach, normal-speed train, high-speed train, and airline. Two distinct latent market segments were identified: Pro-convenience and Pro-experience, each displaying unique travel preferences measured by elasticity, first difference and willingness-to-pay. Influential factors in mode choice were found to be travel cost, access time, in-vehicle time, service frequency, and seat comfort, while females showing a higher preference for seat comfort. Advance arrival time, defined as the pre-departure waiting period at the station or airport, was found to be an insignificant factor for student travellers' mode choices. Our findings both support and challenge existing theories in consumer travel behaviour. This research provides nuanced insights into college student tourists' mode choices, proposing practical strategies for enhancing low-carbon public transportation, therefore facilitating the transportation, tourism and environmental sustainability.

在大流行后的背景下，对影响大学生游客中长途旅行方式选择的交通属性的深入研究明显不足。本研究以陈述偏好调查数据为基础，通过建立潜类嵌套 logit 模型，同时考虑个人偏好异质性以及长途汽车、普通列车、高速列车和航空公司之间的潜在替代效应，解决了这一疏忽。我们确定了两个不同的潜在细分市场：每个细分市场都显示出独特的旅行偏好，这些偏好通过弹性、首差和支付意愿来衡量。研究发现，影响旅行方式选择的因素包括旅行成本、到达时间、车内时间、服务频率和座位舒适度，而女性对座位舒适度的偏好更高。提前到达时间，即出发前在车站或机场的等待时间，对学生旅客的交通方式选择影响不大。我们的研究结果既支持又挑战了消费者旅行行为的现有理论。这项研究为大学生游客的出行方式选择提供了细致入微的见解，提出了加强低碳公共交通的实用策略，从而促进了交通、旅游和环境的可持续发展。

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引用次数: 0

Getting automated mobility on its own track: An economist’s perspective 让自动驾驶汽车走上自己的轨道：经济学家的视角

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-11-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101490

Roman Zakharenko

This paper discusses the prerequisites that may be necessary to achieve fully automated ground transportation. Automated vehicles do not mix well with human members of traffic and are more effective within an autonomous transit network (ATN) fully isolated from street level. Network effects imply that such network, if not connected to traditional roads, will be unsuccessful in its early stages. This paper argues for dual-mode vehicles, automated on ATN and human-driven on traditional roads. It is further argued that vehicle sharing is a useful first step that makes automation easier to achieve; a number of technological, management, and regulatory innovations that promote sharing are discussed. Automated freight transportation is also discussed; automation is predicted to result in large number of small freight vehicles. The resulting congestion and its management will further contribute to the growth of ATN.

本文讨论了实现全自动地面交通所需的先决条件。自动驾驶汽车与交通中的人类成员并不能很好地融合，因此在完全与街道隔离的自动交通网络（ATN）中更能发挥其作用。网络效应意味着，如果这种网络不与传统道路相连，在其早期阶段将不会成功。本文主张使用双模式车辆，在自动交通网络上使用自动驾驶车辆，在传统道路上使用人工驾驶车辆。本文还认为，车辆共享是有用的第一步，可使自动化更容易实现；本文讨论了一些促进共享的技术、管理和监管创新。还讨论了自动化货运；预计自动化将导致大量小型货运车辆的出现。由此产生的拥堵及其管理将进一步促进自动货运网络的发展。

引用次数: 0

Paratransit services and efficiency: The potential of utilizing idle taxis in a strained welfare market 辅助交通服务和效率：在紧张的福利市场中利用闲置出租车的潜力

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-11-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101489

Yuki Hashimoto, Kazutomo Komae

With population aging, demand for paratransit services has increased, leading to higher operating subsidies. This study uses Japan as a case study to examine the substitutive relationship between subsidized noncommercial wheelchair-accessible vehicles (WAVs), primarily owned by elderly care facilities, and taxis, highlighting inefficiencies in the open-entry paratransit market. Using nationwide panel data, we find that a 10% increase in WAVs results in a 1.7% decrease in taxi revenue, reducing taxi drivers' income by approximately 5%. This effect is more pronounced in regions with higher aging rates and welfare spending. We suggest utilizing vacant taxis for paratransit services to enhance market efficiency.

随着人口老龄化，对辅助交通服务的需求增加，导致运营补贴提高。本研究以日本为案例，考察了主要由养老机构拥有的受补贴非商业性无障碍轮椅车（WAV）与出租车之间的替代关系，凸显了开放式准公共交通市场的低效率。利用全国范围内的面板数据，我们发现 WAVs 每增加 10%，出租车收入就会减少 1.7%，出租车司机的收入就会减少约 5%。这种影响在老龄化率和福利支出较高的地区更为明显。我们建议利用空置出租车提供辅助交通服务，以提高市场效率。

引用次数: 0

eXplainable DEA approach for evaluating performance of public transport origin-destination pairs 评估公共交通始发站对绩效的易用性 DEA 方法

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101491

Eun Hak Lee

Understanding public transportation efficiency is crucial to enhancing urban mobility and economic growth. This study aims to evaluate the efficiency of the public transportation system using an explainable data envelopment analysis approach. Specifically, data envelopment analysis and explainable artificial intelligence techniques were incorporated to uncover the black-box relationship between the inputs and outputs of the efficiency score. The efficiency of the public transportation system was defined as travel times for subway, bus, and multimodal modes relative to the number of trips and travel distances. The efficiency score was evaluated by the origin-destination pair unit. As a result, the efficiency score was estimated to be 0.69 on average, indicating that a reduction of 31% in travel times is required to achieve a perfect score of 1.00. Among the 33,313 origin-destination pairs, 39 had a perfect score of 1.00. The results of the interpretation model showed the order of importance for features—buses, subways, and multimodal modes—with SHapley Additive Explanations values of 0.047, 0.029, and 0.022, respectively. These results suggest that focusing primarily on reducing bus travel times is effective for improving overall efficiency. In this manner, the explainable data envelopment analysis helps measure performance, understand results, and suggest improvement directions.

了解公共交通效率对于提高城市流动性和经济增长至关重要。本研究旨在利用可解释数据包络分析方法评估公共交通系统的效率。具体来说，研究采用了数据包络分析和可解释人工智能技术，以揭示效率评分的输入和输出之间的黑箱关系。公共交通系统的效率被定义为地铁、公交和多式联运模式相对于出行次数和出行距离的出行时间。效率得分以起点-终点对为单位进行评估。结果，效率得分平均估计为 0.69，这表明要达到 1.00 的满分，旅行时间需要减少 31%。在 33,313 对出发地-目的地中，有 39 对达到了 1.00 的满分。解释模型的结果显示了公共汽车、地铁和多式联运模式的重要性顺序，SHapley Additive Explanations 值分别为 0.047、0.029 和 0.022。这些结果表明，将主要精力放在缩短公交车旅行时间上对提高整体效率是有效的。因此，可解释数据包络分析有助于衡量绩效、理解结果并提出改进方向。

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引用次数: 0

Increased ridership and improved affordability: Transforming public transport subsidies in developing contexts 增加乘客数量，提高经济承受能力：转变发展中国家的公共交通补贴方式

IF 4.6 3区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Research in Transportation Economics

Pub Date : 2024-11-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.retrec.2024.101492

Luis A. Guzman , Santiago Gómez Cardona , Jorge Luis Ochoa

In Latin American cities, the affordability of public transport presents a significant obstacle to mobility. To address this challenge, several cities have implemented subsidies. Understanding the effectiveness of these subsidies is crucial, particularly in cities where a substantial portion of the population, especially those with low incomes, rely on public transport systems. This paper presents a case study conducted in Bogotá, Colombia, employing a randomized controlled field experiment involving 1607 participants. In this intervention, a randomly selected group of frequent public transport users received a cash transfer on their travel cards (a transport voucher) for four months. We aim to estimate the causal effects of providing these vouchers on ridership and affordability. The findings indicate that vouchers on average, increased ridership by up to 9% compared to the control group. This increase was most pronounced on weekdays and during peak hours. Vouchers proved particularly advantageous for populations with low fare-demand elasticity, who constitute the primary users of public transport. Furthermore, it improved their affordability by between 18 and 26%. In summary, our results indicate that providing subsidies in the form of vouchers can effectively boost public transport usage, thereby enhancing affordability for users.

在拉美城市，公共交通的可负担性是交通出行的一大障碍。为了应对这一挑战，一些城市实施了补贴措施。了解这些补贴的效果至关重要，尤其是在大部分人口，特别是低收入人口依赖公共交通系统的城市。本文介绍了在哥伦比亚波哥大开展的一项案例研究，该研究采用了随机对照现场实验的方法，共有 1607 人参与。在这项干预措施中，随机抽取的一组经常使用公共交通的人在四个月的时间里，在他们的交通卡上获得了现金转移（交通券）。我们的目的是估算提供交通券对乘客数量和支付能力的因果效应。研究结果表明，与对照组相比，交通券平均增加了 9% 的乘客量。这种增长在工作日和高峰时段最为明显。事实证明，代用券对于票价需求弹性较低的人群尤其有利，因为他们是公共交通的主要使用者。此外，代用券还使他们的支付能力提高了 18% 至 26%。总之，我们的研究结果表明，以代用券的形式提供补贴可以有效提高公共交通的使用率，从而提高用户的负担能力。

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