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Evidence of the validity of the child self-regulation & behaviour questionnaire for the Brazilian context 巴西儿童自我调节与行为问卷有效性的证据
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-06-26 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2526
Natália Batista Albuquerque Goulart Lemos, Valerie Carson, Steven Howard, Carlos Cristi-Montero, Glacithane Lins da Cunha, Jéssica Gomes Mota, Antony Okely, Paulo Felipe Ribeiro Bandeira, Clarice Maria de Lucena Martins

Poor early childhood self-regulation is related to many mental health problems and antisocial behaviours, so it is important to use psychometrically sound instruments to assess children's self-regulation and behavioural development. The aim of this study is to report the translation, adaptation, as well as explore the construct validity of the child self-regulation & behaviour questionnaire (CSBQ) for the Brazilian context. The process consisted of different steps, such as transcultural translation, item intelligibility analysis, and psychometric analysis based on classical and contemporary theories. The validation process was carried out on a sample of 277 parents/caregivers (35.00 ± 6.72 years old) of 281 children (4.92 ± 1.45 years old; 156 females). The final Brazilian version showed adequate values of semantic, idiomatic, and conceptual equivalence. The validation process resulted in a seven-dimensional model with 33 items. The validation of Brazilian CSBQ is promising for investigating early self-regulation and behaviour problems in low-middle income contexts.

儿童早期自我调节能力差与许多心理健康问题和反社会行为有关,因此,使用心理计量学上可靠的工具来评估儿童的自我调节和行为发展非常重要。本研究旨在报告儿童自我调节与amp; 行为问卷(CSBQ)在巴西的翻译、改编和构建有效性。这一过程包括不同的步骤,如跨文化翻译、项目可理解性分析以及基于古典和现代理论的心理测量分析。验证过程在 281 名儿童(4.92 ± 1.45 岁;156 名女性)的 277 名父母/照顾者(35.00 ± 6.72 岁)样本中进行。最终的巴西版本在语义、习惯用语和概念等方面都显示出足够的等值。验证过程产生了一个包含 33 个项目的七维度模型。巴西 CSBQ 的验证对于调查中低收入环境下的早期自我调节和行为问题很有帮助。
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引用次数: 0
Black American adolescent's efficacy in the face of discrimination 美国黑人青少年面对歧视时的效率
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-06-25 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2529
Briah A. Glover, Dawn P. Witherspoon

The pervasiveness of racism in the U.S. and its negative relations with key development outcomes has led researchers to uncover mediators, of which this article argues efficacy should be considered. Self-efficacy, one's belief in their capability to accomplish a task or goal, can be measured in multiple domains of functioning and contexts to predict behaviour. The current study examines possible specificity in the relation between discrimination (general discrimination and school discrimination) and efficacy (academic efficacy and efficacy to combat discrimination), whether resilience moderates these associations, and if these processes differ by gender. A total of 879 Black youth (47% female; mean age = 12, SD = 0.58) were included in the analyses. Findings suggest that school discrimination experiences are differentially associated with domains of efficacy. Resilience was associated with increased efficacy, but no significant moderation effects were found.

种族主义在美国的普遍存在及其与主要发展成果之间的负面关系促使研究人员发掘中介因素,本文认为应考虑其中的效能感。自我效能感是指一个人对自己完成某项任务或目标的能力的信念,可以在多个功能领域和环境中进行测量,以预测行为。本研究探讨了歧视(一般歧视和学校歧视)与效能感(学业效能感和打击歧视的效能感)之间可能存在的特殊性,复原力是否会调节这些关联,以及这些过程是否因性别而异。共有 879 名黑人青少年(47% 为女性;平均年龄 = 12 岁,SD = 0.58)参与了分析。研究结果表明,学校歧视经历与效能领域的关系各不相同。复原力与效能感的提高有关,但没有发现显著的调节作用。
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引用次数: 0
Temperament ratings by parents and teachers as predictors of non-verbal ability in Argentinean preschoolers 预测阿根廷学龄前儿童非语言能力的家长和教师的气质评分
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-06-24 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2527
Maria Julia Hermida, Eliana Ruetti, Sebastián Javier Lipina, Maria Soledad Segretin

Child temperament is a predictor of non-verbal ability (i.e. thinking and problem-solving skills that do not fundamentally require verbal language production and comprehension). Given that temperament scores might vary depending on whether the reporter is a parent or a teacher, this study analyses (a) whether those reports are different and (b) how each report predicts child non-verbal ability in a non-western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic sample. The Matrix subtest of KABC-II (a non-verbal ability task widely used in non-western, educated, industrialized, rich and democratic contexts) was administered to 85 Argentinian children (47 girls, 38 boys) aged 4–5 years, from middle-to-low socioeconomic status homes. Also, the Child Behaviour Questionnaire-Very Short Form was administered to obtain temperament reports from parents and teachers. We will compare the parent's and teacher's reports on temperament using Mann–Whitney U-tests. Finally, multiple linear regression analyses will be conducted to explore how parent and teacher reports of temperament predict non-verbal ability. Each temperament dimension will be analysed separately. Results should be interpreted considering the low sample size.

儿童气质是非语言能力(即不以语言表达和理解为基本要求的思考和解决问题的能力)的预测指标。鉴于气质评分可能因报告者是家长还是教师而有所不同,本研究分析了(a) 这些报告是否有所不同,以及(b) 在非西方、受过教育、工业化、富裕和民主的样本中,每种报告如何预测儿童的非语言能力。研究对 85 名来自社会经济地位中下的家庭、年龄在 4-5 岁的阿根廷儿童(47 名女孩,38 名男孩)进行了 KABC-II 的矩阵子测试(这是一项广泛应用于非西方、受过教育、工业化、富裕和民主环境下的非语言能力任务)。此外,还进行了儿童行为问卷调查--非常简表,以获得家长和教师的气质报告。我们将使用曼-惠特尼 U 检验比较家长和教师的气质报告。最后,我们将进行多元线性回归分析,以探讨家长和教师的气质报告如何预测非语言能力。每个气质维度将分别进行分析。在解释结果时应考虑到样本量较少的情况。
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引用次数: 0
Improving data quality in online parenting research 提高在线育儿研究的数据质量
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-06-10 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2525
Makena L. Kaylor-Tapscott, Maddison N. Tolliver-Lynn, Maureen A. Sullivan

Online surveys provide many benefits for researchers but are vulnerable to fraudulent responders that threaten data quality. We aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of current detection strategies after noting patterns in our data. We systematically reviewed responses (N = 180) from parenting studies utilizing two online platforms. Respondents were categorized as accepted (n = 45) or fraudulent (n = 135), and responses on standardized measures were examined to determine if fraudulent scores differed. Accepted participants were predominately female (98.4%) and White (67.9%). Average caregiver age was 40.61 (SD = 7.37) on Qualtrics and 59.88 (SD = 6.01) on REDCap. The majority of fraudulent responders reported being female (62.1%) and White (80.6%), with average caregiver ages of 37.83 (SD = 7.35) for Qualtrics and 56.16 (SD = 8.86) for REDCap. Fraudulent responders had significantly higher median scores on measures of caregiver distress (rDASS = 0.21) and child behavioural problems (rCBCL = 0.33). Previously recommended strategies were insufficient at preventing and identifying fraudulent responders. Recommendations for improving these strategies are discussed.

Highlights

  • The current paper includes experiences using multiple strategies to detect fraudulent responders in two online parenting studies.
  • Improvements to previously recommended strategies and an example review form are included to aid researchers in detecting fraudulent responders.
在线调查为研究人员带来了很多好处,但也容易受到欺诈性应答者的影响,从而威胁到数据质量。在注意到数据中的模式后,我们旨在评估当前检测策略的有效性。我们利用两个在线平台系统地审查了育儿研究中的回复(N = 180)。受访者被分为接受受访者(n = 45)或欺诈受访者(n = 135),并对标准化测量的回复进行检查,以确定欺诈受访者的得分是否存在差异。被接受的参与者主要为女性(98.4%)和白人(67.9%)。在 Qualtrics 上,护理人员的平均年龄为 40.61 岁(SD = 7.37),在 REDCap 上,平均年龄为 59.88 岁(SD = 6.01)。大多数欺诈性应答者称自己是女性(62.1%)和白人(80.6%),Qualtrics 和 REDCap 的护理人员平均年龄分别为 37.83 岁(SD = 7.35)和 56.16 岁(SD = 8.86)。欺诈性应答者在照顾者痛苦(rDASS = 0.21)和儿童行为问题(rCBCL = 0.33)测量中的中位数得分明显更高。以前推荐的策略不足以预防和识别欺诈性应答者。本文介绍了在两项在线育儿研究中使用多种策略检测欺诈性应答者的经验,包括对以前推荐策略的改进和审查表范例,以帮助研究人员检测欺诈性应答者。
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引用次数: 0
Family structure and material hardship: Child and adolescent pathways to health and well-being 家庭结构和物质困难:儿童和青少年获得健康和幸福的途径
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-05-26 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2510
Ashley Miller, Carol A. Johnston

Children's early experiences have potential to shape their development through early childhood, middle childhood, and into adolescence. Family structure at birth and material hardship may offer insight into how children's health and well-being are shaped within their family of origin. The current paper examined (a) the association between family structure at birth and material hardship 1-year post-birth and (b) the differential impact of race on the associations between family structure and material hardship. We further explored the association between family structure and material hardship on self-reported health in (a) middle childhood and (b) adolescence. Using the Future of Families and Child Wellbeing dataset, an ordinary least squares (OLS) regressions and structural equation path models (SEM) were used to examine associations between family structure, material hardship, and health outcomes (body mass index [BMI], anxiety, and suicidal ideation). Results indicated that family structure predicted material hardship at 1-year until maternal characteristics were taken into account. Race/ethnicity did not moderate the association. Also, family structure at birth was indirectly associated with youth anxiety through material hardship but did not account for BMI or sucidical ideation. Social supports and state policies should prioritize maternal health access and ensure families are able to meet their basic needs to mitigate children's health risks.

儿童的早期经历有可能影响他们从幼儿期、童年中期到青春期的发展。出生时的家庭结构和物质条件的艰苦程度可以帮助我们了解儿童的健康和幸福是如何在原生家庭中形成的。本文研究了(a)出生时的家庭结构与出生后一年的物质条件之间的关系,以及(b)种族对家庭结构与物质条件之间关系的不同影响。我们还进一步探讨了家庭结构和物质条件对(a) 中期和(b) 青春期自我健康报告的影响。我们利用 "家庭未来与儿童福祉 "数据集,通过普通最小二乘法(OLS)回归和结构方程路径模型(SEM),研究了家庭结构、物质困难与健康结果(体重指数[BMI]、焦虑和自杀倾向)之间的关联。结果表明,在将母亲特征考虑在内之前,家庭结构可预测 1 年后的物质困难状况。种族/民族并不影响这种关联。此外,出生时的家庭结构通过物质困难与青少年的焦虑间接相关,但不能解释体重指数或自杀倾向。社会支持和国家政策应优先考虑孕产妇的健康,并确保家庭能够满足其基本需求,以降低儿童的健康风险。
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引用次数: 0
They are the best: The significance of others to emerging adults and well-being 他们是最棒的:他人对新成人和幸福的意义
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-05-22 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2517
Jeffrey T. Cookston, Victoria Olivia Sherry Chou, Qudsia Khalid, Fernanda Amaya

It is surprising how little we know about the relationships that matter to emerging adults, and we propose research to bridge that gap. First, we will ask emerging adults to generate a list of the individuals who matter. The list will be submitted via open-ended text that we will code for relationship type. Our first aim is to gain information about the frequency and diversity of relationships that matter to emerging adults. We hypothesise that participants who list more relationships will have better well-being and less loneliness. Second, we will use an adapted version of the Mattering Scale to assess how much specific relationships matter to participants by asking them to focus on five common close relationships (i.e., mother figures, father figures, romantic partners, best friends and closest-in-age sibling). For each relationship that exists for the participant, how much each relationship matters will be measured. We hypothesise that failing to mention a specific relationship in the open-ended portion of the study will be related to lower perceived mattering of that relationship when participants report on mattering. Finally, we hypothesise that when specified relationships matter more to an individual, they will have less loneliness and better well-being.

令人惊讶的是,我们对新兴成人所重视的人际关系知之甚少,因此我们建议开展研究来弥补这一差距。首先,我们将要求新成人列出一份重要人物的名单。这份名单将通过开放式文本提交,我们将根据关系类型对其进行编码。我们的第一个目标是获得有关对新兴成人来说重要的关系的频率和多样性的信息。我们的假设是,列出更多关系的参与者将拥有更好的幸福感和更少的孤独感。其次,我们将使用经过改编的 "关系紧张量表"(Mattering Scale)来评估特定关系对参与者的重要程度,要求他们关注五种常见的亲密关系(即母亲形象、父亲形象、恋爱伴侣、最好的朋友和最亲密的同龄兄弟姐妹)。对于参与者存在的每种关系,我们都将衡量每种关系的重要程度。我们假设,在研究的开放式部分,如果参与者没有提及某种特定的关系,那么当参与者报告这种关系的重要性时,就会认为这种关系的重要性较低。最后,我们假设,当特定关系对个人更重要时,他们的孤独感会更少,幸福感会更高。
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引用次数: 0
The health costs associated with “looking forward to success”: Educational expectations and children's health 与 "期待成功 "相关的健康成本:教育期望与儿童健康
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-05-19 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2524
Yiwei Liu, Yuting Su, Keshan Liu, Zhiyan Jin

This study examines the impact of the deviation between parents' educational expectations and children's educational expectations on children's health. This study based on the data from Chinese Family Panel Studies conducted in 2018 and 2020, The participants were 2340 children aged 10–15 years (1310 boys, 1030 girls) in China. We found that when parents' educational expectations are higher than their children's educational expectations, they have a negative impact on children's health status. According to the influence mechanism, the higher the parents' expectations of education are, the greater children's remedial behaviour will be, the less leisure time will be, which will adversely affect children's health. Furthermore, we found that a good parent–child relationship moderated the negative impact of the deviation in parent–child educational expectations on children's health. Therefore, in order to ensure the healthy development of children, it is necessary to resolve the adverse effects of the deviation in parent–child educational expectations by arranging tutoring and leisure time rationally and establishing a good parent–child relationship.

本研究探讨了父母教育期望与子女教育期望之间的偏差对儿童健康的影响。本研究基于2018年和2020年进行的中国家庭面板研究数据,参与者为中国2340名10-15岁儿童(1310名男孩,1030名女孩)。我们发现,当父母的教育期望高于子女的教育期望时,会对子女的健康状况产生负面影响。根据影响机制,父母的教育期望越高,孩子的补习行为就越多,闲暇时间就越少,从而对孩子的健康产生不利影响。此外,我们还发现,良好的亲子关系可以调节亲子教育期望偏差对儿童健康的负面影响。因此,为了保证儿童的健康成长,有必要通过合理安排家教和闲暇时间,建立良好的亲子关系来化解亲子教育期望偏差的不利影响。
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引用次数: 0
The ‘scars’ left on children by exclusion, but re-inclusion may ‘heal up’ 排斥给儿童留下的 "伤疤",但重新接纳可以 "愈合
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-05-15 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2515
Jun Zheng, Wenlu Liu, Ping Qian, Linlin Yan

Previous studies have shown that social exclusion can have negative effects on the well-being of children and adolescents. However, there is inconsistent evidence regarding how the impact of social exclusion changes with age. This study used the Cyberball paradigm to investigate the effects of exclusion and subsequent inclusion on primary needs (such as belonging, self-esteem, control and meaningful existence) and emotions (including happiness, sadness and anger) in a sample of Chinese school-aged children (163 children aged 6–8, 8–10 and 10–11). The results revealed that children aged 6–8 showed lower susceptibility to ostracism, while threats to primary needs emerged around the ages of 8–10 and persisted until 10–12. Negative effects on moods were evident from the age of 6–8 and intensified with age. Brief inclusion following exclusion was found to effectively restore the primary needs and moods of ostracized children, serving as a reliable intervention for promoting rapid recovery. However, age-related differences were observed in the restorative effects of re-inclusion, with 8- to 10-year-olds benefiting more compared to 10- to 12-year-olds. These findings provide valuable insights for educational institutions seeking to create supportive environments that help children recover from the detrimental effects of ostracism.

Highlights

  • Ostracism can be detrimental to the primary needs and moods of school-aged children.
  • There are developmental changes in the effects of ostracism on children's primary needs and moods, and 8–10 years old may be a critical period.
  • Re-inclusion can effectively restore the damaged primary needs and moods of excluded children, but its effect is also age-dependent.
以往的研究表明,社会排斥会对儿童和青少年的福祉产生负面影响。然而,关于社会排斥的影响如何随年龄变化的证据并不一致。本研究以中国学龄儿童为样本(163 名年龄分别为 6-8、8-10 和 10-11 岁的儿童),采用 "网络球 "范式研究社会排斥和社会包容对儿童主要需求(如归属感、自尊、控制和有意义的存在)和情绪(包括快乐、悲伤和愤怒)的影响。结果显示,6-8 岁的儿童对排斥的敏感度较低,而对主要需求的威胁则出现在 8-10 岁左右,并一直持续到 10-12 岁。对情绪的负面影响从 6-8 岁开始就很明显,并随着年龄的增长而加剧。研究发现,排斥后的短暂融入能有效恢复被排斥儿童的基本需求和情绪,是促进其快速康复的可靠干预措施。然而,在重新接纳的恢复效果方面,观察到了与年龄有关的差异,8 至 10 岁的儿童比 10 至 12 岁的儿童受益更多。这些研究结果为教育机构提供了宝贵的启示,这些机构正在努力创造支持性环境,帮助儿童从排斥的有害影响中恢复过来。排斥会损害学龄儿童的主要需求和情绪,排斥对儿童主要需求和情绪的影响存在发展变化,8-10 岁可能是一个关键时期。重新接纳可以有效恢复被排斥儿童受损的主要需求和情绪,但其效果也与年龄有关。
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引用次数: 0
Contributions of mothers' and fathers' shared book reading with infants at 9 months to language skills at 18 months in ethnically and socioeconomically diverse families 在不同种族和社会经济背景的家庭中,9 个月大时母亲和父亲与婴儿共同阅读图书对 18 个月大时语言能力的影响
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-05-08 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2516
Yu Chen, Natasha Cabrera, Charlotte Sudduth, Stephanie M. Reich

Using a sample of 286 mothers and fathers from ethnically and socioeconomically diverse backgrounds, we tested the associations between the frequency and quality of parents' shared book reading (SBR) with infants aged 9 months, and language skills of infants aged 18 months, and whether infants' attention during SBR at 9 months mediated these associations. Frequency of SBR was parent-report and quality of SBR (i.e., number of reading strategies) and infants' attention were coded from recorded SBR interactions at home. The majority of mothers and fathers reported reading to their 9-month-olds at least weekly, and mothers reported reading, on average, significantly more often than fathers. There was large variability in parents' SBR quality ranging from 0 to 15 strategies per minute, with labelling being the most common. Path analysis showed that mothers' SBR frequency at 9 months was significantly associated with infants' receptive and expressive language skills at 18 months, whereas, SBR quality by either parent was not significant. Infants' attention did not mediate these associations. These findings suggest that early SBR is beneficial for language development and programmes targeting early language development should encourage both mothers and fathers to read often to their infants during the first year.

我们以来自不同种族和社会经济背景的 286 位母亲和父亲为样本,测试了父母与 9 个月大婴儿共读图书(SBR)的频率和质量与 18 个月大婴儿语言技能之间的关联,以及 9 个月大婴儿在共读图书过程中的注意力是否对这些关联起到了中介作用。共读图书的频率由家长报告,共读图书的质量(即阅读策略的数量)和婴儿的注意力则根据在家中的共读互动记录进行编码。大多数母亲和父亲都表示至少每周为其 9 个月大的孩子进行一次阅读,母亲的平均阅读频率明显高于父亲。父母的 SBR 质量差异很大,从每分钟 0 个策略到 15 个策略不等,其中最常见的是贴标签。路径分析显示,母亲 9 个月时的 SBR 频率与婴儿 18 个月时的接受性和表达性语言技能有显著相关性,而父母任何一方的 SBR 质量均无显著相关性。婴儿的注意力对这些关联没有中介作用。这些研究结果表明,早期亲子阅读有利于语言发展,针对早期语言发展的计划应鼓励父母双方在婴儿出生后的第一年内经常为其朗读。
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引用次数: 0
Perspectives on the impact of generative AI on early-childhood development and education 生成式人工智能对幼儿发展和教育的影响透视
IF 2.8 4区 心理学 Q2 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL Pub Date : 2024-05-02 DOI: 10.1002/icd.2514
Karlis Kanders, Louis Stupple-Harris, Laurie Smith, Jenny Louise Gibson

Generative artificial intelligence (GAI) is rapidly becoming ubiquitous in many contexts. There is limited scholarship, however, in the fields of Developmental Psychology and Early Childhood Education exploring the implications of generative AI for babies and young children. In this Perspectives piece, we discuss potential use cases, opportunities, and risks for the application of AI in early childhood. Our insights are informed by extensive discussion with stakeholders and by desk research carried out in our roles as academics and analysts in a social innovation foundation. Our aim is to stimulate nuanced and informed discourse on the topic of generative AI in early childhood that can inform innovation in both research and practice.

生成式人工智能(GAI)正在许多领域迅速普及。然而,在发展心理学和幼儿教育领域,探索生成式人工智能对婴幼儿的影响的学术研究还很有限。在这篇《视角》文章中,我们将讨论人工智能在幼儿期应用的潜在用例、机遇和风险。我们的见解来自与利益相关者的广泛讨论,以及我们作为学者和社会创新基金会分析师所做的案头研究。我们的目的是就幼儿期生成式人工智能这一话题展开细致入微、有理有据的讨论,为研究和实践创新提供参考。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Infant and Child Development
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