Journal of Anthropological Archaeology最新文献_第5页

Diasporic Kinship: Indentured laborers and the archaeology of relations in Mauritius 散居的亲属关系：毛里求斯的契约劳工和关系考古学

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101666

Julia Jong Haines

This article explores the material and social relations of Indian Ocean indentured laborers in post-emancipation Mauritius. Shifting away from traditional identity categories used in archaeology, I draw on queer and diasporic frameworks to examine shared consumption practices of indentured laborers who lived and worked at Bras d’Eau, a nineteenth-century sugar estate. Through the concepts of kala pani (black waters) and jahaji-rishte (ship-relations), this article explores how laborers formed kinship bonds, negotiated caste, and expressed intimacy through everyday practices around food and watery substances. By analyzing domestic material culture and household spaces it reveals how these objects were used to reinforce social boundaries or deepen kinship ties. It concludes that while the structured caste hierarchies were mostly discarded in the diaspora, the embodied practices of purity and relationality manifested in the ways people interacted with one another in domestic spaces. The article challenges conventional notions of nuclear families and mononormative interpretations of households. Ultimately, the study argues for a rethinking of material culture to understand how social relations were materially expressed in the context of diaspora and labor migration.

本文探讨毛里求斯解放后印度洋契约劳工的物质关系和社会关系。从考古学中使用的传统身份分类中转移，我利用酷儿和散居的框架来研究19世纪在布拉德欧（Bras d’eau）糖业生活和工作的契约劳工的共同消费行为。通过kala pani（黑水）和jahaji-rishte（船舶关系）的概念，本文探讨了劳动者如何通过围绕食物和水的日常实践形成亲属关系，协商种姓，并表达亲密关系。通过分析家庭物质文化和家庭空间，揭示了这些物品是如何被用来加强社会界限或加深亲属关系的。它的结论是，虽然结构化的种姓等级制度在流散中大多被抛弃，但在人们在家庭空间中相互作用的方式中，体现了纯洁和关系的实践。这篇文章挑战了传统的核心家庭观念和对家庭的单一解释。最后，该研究主张重新思考物质文化，以理解在散居和劳动力迁移的背景下，社会关系是如何在物质上表达的。

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引用次数: 0

Who is keen about jades? Evidence for socioeconomic differences between early Neolithic households at Chahai in Northeast China 谁喜欢玉器？中国东北察海地区新石器时代早期家庭社会经济差异的证据

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-04-11 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101683

Yumeng Qu

The rarity, color, hardness, and durability of jades provided them with special social, symbolic, and utilitarian value in many Neolithic communities. However, the process through which jade was transformed into objects of value in early communities and its role in household economy remains poorly understood. Therefore, this study examined these questions using household artifact data from an early Neolithic village in Northeastern China. The relationship between proxies for jade consumption and differences in various aspects of daily life, including domestic ritual, household scale, and economic production, was examined using household artifact assemblage analysis. The results indicated that some small households may have accumulated more jades than large households. Some of these households pursued jades holding ritual and religious significance, whereas others obtained durable jade tools. This initial consumption pattern may have been associated with different risk-buffering strategies stimulated by a limited household scale. The integrated evidence from Chahai offers an intriguing illustration of the potential origins of jade consumption within the matrices of households and their underlying socioeconomic dynamics. Furthermore, this may help explain the origins of jade consumption in Neolithic Northeastern China and other early complex societies.

在新石器时代的许多社会中，玉器的稀有、颜色、硬度和耐用性使它们具有特殊的社会、象征和实用价值。然而，玉在早期社会转变为有价值物品的过程及其在家庭经济中的作用仍然知之甚少。因此，本研究使用来自中国东北一个新石器时代早期村庄的家用人工制品数据来检验这些问题。利用家庭器物组合分析，考察了玉石消费与日常生活各方面差异之间的关系，包括家庭仪式、家庭规模和经济生产。结果表明，一些小户可能比大户积累了更多的玉石。其中一些家庭追求具有仪式和宗教意义的玉器，而另一些家庭则获得耐用的玉器工具。这种最初的消费模式可能与有限的家庭规模刺激的不同风险缓冲策略有关。来自Chahai的综合证据提供了一个有趣的例子，说明了家庭矩阵中玉石消费的潜在起源及其潜在的社会经济动态。此外，这可能有助于解释新石器时代中国东北和其他早期复杂社会中玉石消费的起源。

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引用次数: 0

Warrior institutions and martial networks in Viking-Age Scandinavia 维京时代斯堪的纳维亚半岛的战士制度和军事网络

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-04-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101661

Ben Raffield , Sophie Bønding , Christian Cooijmans , Marianne Moen , Declan Taggart

The figure of the warrior occupies a key position in both scholarly and popular representations of the Viking Age. Despite this, many aspects of martial culture and lifeways during the period remain obscure. In order to address this issue, this article offers an exploration of the identities, roles, and social position of warrior groups in Viking-Age Scandinavia. We adopt a recently developed institutional approach for the study of the archaeological record, which allows us to target and analyse a number of key properties that shed light on the objectives, activities, and ideologies of these groups. In doing so, we mobilise and combine a range of evidence types, deriving from both archaeological and textual sources, which collectively have the potential to provide a more holistic understanding of warrior institutions and their place within the wider social formations that constituted prehistoric society. Our analysis reveals the complex networks of obligation and dependency that not only bound these institutions together, but which also influenced and shaped the ways in which they interacted with their communities.

战士的形象在学术和大众对维京时代的描述中都占有重要地位。尽管如此，这一时期的武术文化和生活方式的许多方面仍然不为人所知。为了解决这个问题，本文对维京时代斯堪的纳维亚战士群体的身份、角色和社会地位进行了探索。我们采用了一种最近发展起来的制度方法来研究考古记录，这使我们能够针对和分析一些关键属性，这些属性可以揭示这些群体的目标、活动和意识形态。在此过程中，我们动员并结合了一系列来自考古和文本来源的证据类型，这些证据类型共同有可能提供对战士制度及其在构成史前社会的更广泛社会形态中的地位的更全面的理解。我们的分析揭示了复杂的义务和依赖网络，不仅将这些机构联系在一起，而且影响和塑造了它们与社区互动的方式。

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引用次数: 0

Dearly De-Parted: Ancestors, body partibility, and making place at Dos Hombres, Belize 亲爱的分离：祖先，身体分离，在伯利兹的Dos Hombres安家

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-03-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101681

Angelina J. Locker

Interments of Ancestors linked past peoples with the living. However, less attention has been given to secondary burials and their role in social memory and placemaking. Given these ties between Ancestors, the living, and the landscape, Ancestors may have been brought when descendants moved from place to place. I applied biogeochemical methods to address questions about movement, placemaking, and ancestry. In this paper I present isotopic data from a non-elite Late Preclassic (300 BCE – 250 CE), simple, co-burial from the archaeological site of Dos Hombres, Belize. Archaeological evidence indicates multiple ancestral veneration practices were associated with this burial. I measured oxygen and strontium isotopes to assess whether individuals were born where they were buried and to gauge how bodies may have been used to make and claim place. Strontium isotope ratios and δ¹⁸O values suggest the primary individual was local to Dos Hombres; however, the secondary individuals have strontium isotope ratios which fall outside the local range, indicating these individuals were non-local. In this paper, I argue that the practice of removing and reburying pieces of Ancestors’ bodies was used by the ancient Maya at Dos Hombres to claim and make place.

祖先的埋葬将过去的人们与活着的人联系在一起。然而，人们很少关注二次埋葬及其在社会记忆和场所塑造中的作用。考虑到祖先、生者和景观之间的这些联系，祖先可能是随着后代从一个地方迁移到另一个地方而被带来的。我运用生物地球化学的方法来解决关于运动、场所形成和祖先的问题。在本文中，我介绍了来自伯利兹Dos Hombres考古遗址的非精英前古典晚期（公元前300年-公元250年）的简单共葬的同位素数据。考古证据表明，多种祖先的崇拜活动与这种埋葬有关。我测量了氧和锶的同位素，以评估个体是否出生在他们被埋葬的地方，并衡量尸体可能是如何被用来制造和占有位置的。锶同位素比值和δ18O值表明原始个体来自Dos Hombres；次生个体的锶同位素比值超出了局地范围，表明次生个体是非局地个体。在这篇论文中，我认为移走和重新埋葬祖先尸体的做法是古玛雅人在Dos Hombres使用的，以认领和安置。

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引用次数: 0

Critiquing the logics of prestige in the interpretation of Cycladic Figurines: Towards an archaeological theory of value 基克拉迪人雕像解释中的声望逻辑批判：走向一种考古价值理论

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-03-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101680

Alexander Aston

This article applies the concept of enactive signification to the subject of Early Cycladic figurines, critiquing the use of prestige frameworks for the interpretation of these objects and contributing to the archaeological analysis of the semiotics of value. I examine social organisation during the emergence of the Aegean Early Bronze Age and the material sign relations of Grotta-Pelos mortuary practices to argue that the figurines developed through kinshipping practices and gifting dynamics. Grotta-Pelos schematic figurines were small, personal, and mobile objects that emerged during a period in which dispersed communities were highly dependent upon local interaction networks for social reproduction and survival, suggesting that the circulation of these figurines supported a form of distributed intersubjectivity. The schematics were readily sourced, easily shaped, attractive, mobile, and unlikely to inspire particularly competitive interactions, properties that indicate that these marble objects acted as a locus of social value generated through acts of crafting, imitation, gifting, and circulation.

本文将活动意义的概念应用于早期基克拉迪雕像的主题，批评使用声望框架来解释这些对象，并为价值符号学的考古分析做出贡献。我研究了爱琴海早期青铜器时代出现期间的社会组织，以及格罗塔-佩洛斯太平间习俗的物质符号关系，以证明这些小雕像是通过亲属关系和赠与动态发展起来的。格罗塔-佩洛斯图解雕像是小型的、个人的、可移动的物体，出现在分散的社区高度依赖当地互动网络进行社会繁殖和生存的时期，这表明这些雕像的流通支持了一种分布式的主体间性形式。这些图表来源方便，易于塑造，具有吸引力，可移动，并且不太可能激发特别的竞争互动，这些属性表明这些大理石物品通过制作，模仿，赠送和流通行为产生了社会价值。

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引用次数: 0

Reindeer (Rangifer tarandus) castration in Fennoscandia: Domestication theory, archaeological methods, and interpretive perspectives 芬诺斯坎迪亚驯鹿（Rangifer tarandus）阉割：驯化理论，考古方法和解释观点

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-03-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101678

Mathilde van den Berg

The traditional practice of reindeer castration is an integral component of all known past and present reindeer herding cultures. It has likely played an essential role in the reindeer domestication process, making it relevant for understanding initial and subsequent human-reindeer interactions beyond hunter-prey relationships. This paper presents data on the Traditional Knowledge of reindeer castration among Sámi and Finnish reindeer herders in Finland and explores human-reindeer relations through this practice, providing a tentative interpretative framework and a multi-voiced perspective on current, historical and archaeological narratives of reindeer herding. Based on the effects of castration on bone and antler growth, it proposes osteological methods to detect castration in the archaeological record. Lastly, the paper integrates Traditional Knowledge of castration with domestication theory, arguing that castration is a key element in reindeer domestication. Firstly, castration seems indispensable for the keeping of reindeer for working purposes. Secondly, the keeping of working reindeer is fundamental to (the development of) reindeer pastoralism. Thirdly, this paper shows that castration is an essential feature of pastoralism beyond the use of working reindeer. It is discussed how castration can be seen as a form of holistic care through relations like domination, subjugation, mediation, growth, respect and partnership.

阉割驯鹿的传统习俗是过去和现在所有已知驯鹿放牧文化的组成部分。它可能在驯鹿驯化过程中发挥了至关重要的作用，因此，除了狩猎者与猎物的关系外，它还与了解人类与驯鹿最初和后来的互动关系有关。本文介绍了芬兰萨米人和芬兰驯鹿牧民阉割驯鹿的传统知识数据，并通过这一习俗探讨了人与驯鹿的关系，为当前、历史和考古学上关于驯鹿放牧的叙述提供了一个初步的解释框架和多角度的视角。根据阉割对骨骼和鹿茸生长的影响，论文提出了在考古记录中检测阉割的骨学方法。最后，论文将阉割的传统知识与驯化理论相结合，认为阉割是驯鹿驯化的关键因素。首先，阉割似乎是饲养工作用驯鹿所不可或缺的。其次，饲养工作用驯鹿是（发展）驯鹿牧业的基础。第三，本文表明，阉割是牧业的一个基本特征，而不仅仅是使用工作驯鹿。本文讨论了如何通过支配、征服、调解、成长、尊重和伙伴关系等关系，将阉割视为一种全面照顾的形式。

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引用次数: 0

Intragroup social differentiation and household inequality in prehistoric Mumun settlements of Korea 史前朝鲜木门聚落的族群内部社会分化和家庭不平等

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-03-10 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101679

Minkoo Kim

This study examines intra-settlement social inequality across 73 Mumun settlements (ca. 1500–1 BCE) on the southern Korean Peninsula using the Gini index and Lorenz curve. House size and pottery density are employed as proxies for socioeconomic power and the capacity for food storage and sharing, respectively. The analysis reveals a nuanced understanding of Mumun social complexity. Variations in house sizes show low Gini scores, suggesting a degree of egalitarian intragroup relationships. However, communal infrastructures, such as paddy field systems, defensive structures, and dolmens, indicate community-wide collaboration and the presence of managerial leadership. Furthermore, the significantly high Gini scores for pottery density demonstrate greater inter-household economic inequality, driven by factors such as craftsmanship. These observations collectively suggest that Mumun intra-settlement relationships were founded on principles of equality, with people collaborating to achieve common goals and benefits while seeking to accumulate wealth on a household basis. Overall, the settlement datasets indicate that Mumun social relations contained elements of both egalitarianism and increasing complexity, although the data do not indicate that intra-settlement social inequality intensified over time.

本研究使用基尼指数和洛伦兹曲线考察了朝鲜半岛南部73个木门聚落（约公元前1500-1年）的聚落内部社会不平等。房屋大小和陶器密度分别作为社会经济实力和食物储存和分享能力的代表。分析揭示了对木门社会复杂性的细致理解。房屋大小的差异显示出较低的基尼系数，这表明群体内部存在一定程度的平等主义关系。然而，公共基础设施，如水田系统、防御结构和石碑，表明社区范围内的合作和管理领导的存在。此外，陶器密度的显著高基尼系数表明，在工艺等因素的推动下，家庭间的经济不平等更大。这些观察结果共同表明，木门的定居关系是建立在平等原则的基础上的，人们合作实现共同的目标和利益，同时寻求以家庭为基础积累财富。总体而言，住区数据集表明，木门社会关系包含平均主义和日益复杂的因素，尽管数据并未表明住区内部社会不平等随着时间的推移而加剧。

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引用次数: 0

Daily life in a New Kingdom fortress town in Nubia: A reexamination of physical activity at Tombos 努比亚新王国堡垒城镇的日常生活：对汤博斯体育活动的重新考察

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-03-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101668

Sarah Schrader , Michele Buzon , Emma Maggart , Anna Jenkins , Stuart Tyson Smith

Previous analysis of skeletal indicators of physical activity suggested that the population at Tombos, an Egyptian colonial town in Nubia, may have benefited from an imperial framework through occupations that were not physically demanding. With more than ten years of continued excavations, coupled with further biomolecular testing, we reanalyze entheseal changes at Tombos. We compare entheseal changes between the three areas of cemetery, which house drastically different tomb types. Additionally, we also assess burial position (Egyptian, Nubian) and we incorporate the results of previous strontium isotope analysis to better understand the mortuary, socioeconomic, and occupational landscapes of this colonial space.

Our findings suggest that pyramid tombs, once thought to be the final resting place of the most elite, may have also included low-status high-labor staff. We support this argument with comparative data from Egypt and Nubia. Other cemetery areas seem to include individuals whose activity levels were more moderate. Nubian-style burials have relatively low entheseal scores, suggesting that they may have had low-labor occupations during the Egyptian colonial period, despite possibly identifying as Nubian. Lastly, locals and non-locals appear to have similar levels of physical activity, suggesting that migration status was also neither an advantage nor disadvantage in such a multicultural community. This study speaks to the importance of reanalyzing data; with continued excavations, dating, and biomolecular analysis, interpretations of lived experience in the past can be completely altered.

先前对骨骼运动指标的分析表明，在努比亚的一个埃及殖民城镇Tombos，人们可能受益于帝国的框架，从事不需要体力的职业。经过十多年的持续挖掘，再加上进一步的生物分子测试，我们重新分析了汤博斯的内在变化。我们比较了墓地的三个区域之间的墓葬变化，这三个区域的墓葬类型截然不同。此外，我们还评估了埋葬位置（埃及、努比亚），并结合了之前的锶同位素分析结果，以更好地了解这个殖民空间的殡葬、社会经济和职业景观。我们的发现表明，金字塔坟墓，曾经被认为是最精英的最后安息之地，可能也包括地位低下的高劳动人员。我们用埃及和努比亚的比较数据来支持这一论点。其他墓地区域似乎包括那些活动水平更温和的人。努比亚风格的墓葬有相对较低的附属物分数，这表明他们可能在埃及殖民时期从事低劳动职业，尽管可能被认定为努比亚人。最后，本地人和非本地人似乎有相似的体育活动水平，这表明移民身份在这样一个多元文化社区中既不是优势也不是劣势。这项研究说明了重新分析数据的重要性；随着持续的挖掘、年代测定和生物分子分析，对过去生活经历的解释可以完全改变。

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引用次数: 0

Corrigendum to “A collaborative synthetic view of migration in archaeology: Addressing challenges for policymakers” [J. Anthropol. Archaeol. 78 (2025) 101667] “考古学中移民的协同综合观点：解决政策制定者的挑战”[J]。Anthropol。考古，78 (2025)101667]

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101676

Christopher S. Beekman , Andrew W. Kandel , Joan Anton Barceló , Rachael Kiddey , Hélène Timpoko Kienon-Kaboré , Corey S. Ragsdale , Kouakou Sylvain Koffi , Gninin Aïcha Touré , Laura Mameli , Jeffrey H. Altschul , Christine Lee , Ibrahima Thiaw , CfAS Human Migration Group

引用次数: 0

A collaborative synthetic view of migration in archaeology: Addressing challenges for policymakers 考古学中移民的协作综合观点：解决政策制定者面临的挑战

IF 2 1区社会学 Q1 ANTHROPOLOGY

Journal of Anthropological Archaeology

Pub Date : 2025-02-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaa.2025.101667

Christopher S. Beekman , Andrew W. Kandel , Joan Anton Barceló , Rachael Kiddey , Hélène Timpoko Kienon-Kaboré , Corey S. Ragsdale , Kouakou Sylvain Koffi , Gninin Aïcha Touré , Laura Mameli , Jeffrey H. Altschul , Christine Lee , Ibrahima Thiaw , CfAS Human Migration Group

This article presents the latest results of a collaborative project that seeks to develop recommendations for policymakers on migration by drawing upon the incomparable dataset accessible to archaeologists. While prior archaeological research on migration has provided important theoretical insights, our policy-oriented goals required us to adopt different terminology and analytical frameworks. How did migration affect migrants and local populations? What were the primary challenges to a successful migration? Can modern migrations be more than sources of analogy for prehistoric cases? We present detailed case studies from very different cultural contexts prioritized by what we call modalities – the different challenges to migrants and the types of capital used to overcome them. We observe that these challenges are often cumulative, placing more burdens upon migrants that ultimately undermine a successful outcome.

本文介绍了一个合作项目的最新成果，该项目旨在利用考古学家可获得的无与伦比的数据集，为政策制定者提出移民建议。虽然先前对移民的考古研究提供了重要的理论见解，但我们的政策导向目标要求我们采用不同的术语和分析框架。移民是如何影响移民和当地人口的？成功迁移的主要挑战是什么？现代移民能不仅仅是史前案例的类比来源吗？我们提供了来自非常不同文化背景的详细案例研究，这些案例是根据我们所谓的模式——移民面临的不同挑战和用于克服这些挑战的资本类型——来优先考虑的。我们注意到，这些挑战往往是累积的，给移徙者带来更多负担，最终破坏了成功的结果。

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引用次数: 0