Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports最新文献_第8页

Plant processing and grinding tools from the early Neolithic settlement of La Marmotta, Italy 意大利拉马尔莫塔新石器时代早期定居点的植物加工和研磨工具

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104788

Marta Portillo , Caroline Hamon , Victoria García-Martínez , Laia Macià , Gerard Remolins , Niccolò Mazzucco , Mario Mineo , Juan F. Gibaja

The early Neolithic site of La Marmotta is located on the shore of a lake of volcanic origin on the present-day Lake Bracciano in the Lazio region, central Italy. The settlement presents an extraordinary preservation of organic material by water-logging, with radiocarbon dates in the early 6th millennium BC. La Marmotta has provided remarkable and diverse basketry and ceramic material, such as decorated pottery vessels, and stone implements including complete well-preserved sickles, in addition to a wide range of macrolithic stone tools, including grinding stones. The current study enlarges functional and phytolith evidence from grinding tools, building up on previous technological and use-wear studies as well as on comparative experimental records, in an effort to gain a better understanding of tool-use and plant processing. Pilot technological and use-wear studies suggested that grinding stones were probably involved at different stages of plant processing, including cereal grinding and dehusking. Phytoliths further indicated the nature of the vegetal processed matter, including cereals such as wheat and barley. The size of multicellular phytoliths from tool active surfaces also pointed to dehusking and grinding activity, according to experimental cereal processing datasets, including hulled barley and einkorn wheat, which dominate the macrobotanical records at the site, along with emmer and free-threshing wheat. These results further point towards the value of functional and microfossil evidence for tracing plant processing activity and the fundamental role of grinding tools in early built environments.

拉马尔莫塔新石器时代早期遗址位于现今意大利中部拉齐奥大区布拉奇亚诺湖的火山湖畔。该聚落的有机物质因水渍而保存完好，放射性碳年代为公元前六千年早期。La Marmotta 提供了非凡而多样的篮筐和陶瓷材料，如装饰陶器和石器，包括保存完好的完整镰刀，以及包括磨石在内的各种宏石器。目前的研究在以前的技术和使用磨损研究以及对比实验记录的基础上，扩大了磨制工具的功能和植物石证据，以便更好地了解工具的使用和植物加工。试点技术和使用磨损研究表明，磨石可能参与了植物加工的不同阶段，包括谷物研磨和去壳。植物残片进一步表明了植物加工物质的性质，包括小麦和大麦等谷物。根据谷物加工实验数据集，工具活动表面的多细胞植金石的大小也表明了脱壳和碾磨活动，包括去壳大麦和裸麦，它们与埃默小麦和脱粒小麦一起在该遗址的宏观植物学记录中占主导地位。这些结果进一步说明了功能和微化石证据在追踪植物加工活动方面的价值，以及研磨工具在早期建筑环境中的基本作用。

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引用次数: 0

The impact of social status and biological sex on diet at 10th century CE Hungarian sites from stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses 从稳定碳和氮同位素分析看公元前 10 世纪匈牙利遗址中社会地位和生理性别对饮食的影响

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104792

Ariana Gugora , Attila Demény , István Gábor Hatvani , Erzsébet Fóthi

Stable isotope analysis is a valuable tool to determine the diet of past societies, as well as the relationship that diet has with biological sex and social class. In this research, we performed stable carbon and nitrogen isotope analyses on individuals from four 10th century CE Hungarian sites (Karos-Eperjesszög, Tiszanána, Bodroghalom, and Üllő-Ilona út) to determine if their diet was affected by their sex or social status. We also compared these sites with Kenézlő-Fazekaszug, our previously published, contemporaneous site. The study yielded some unexpected results, indicating that elevated social status was not a reliable indicator of high animal protein consumption among the residents of the upper class Karos site. Additionally, the results suggested that biological sex was only a factor in animal protein consumption at the putative middle-class sites, such as Tiszanána. With its comprehensive sampling, this research provides new stable isotopic data to the Central and Eastern European database, as well as exciting results about a crucial period in Hungarian history. It may also serve as the impetus for future stable isotope analyses of other 10th century Hungarian sites.

稳定同位素分析是确定过去社会饮食以及饮食与生理性别和社会阶层关系的重要工具。在这项研究中，我们对来自公元 10 世纪匈牙利四个遗址（Karos-Eperjesszög、Tiszanána、Bodroghalom 和 Üllő-Ilona út）的个体进行了稳定碳和氮同位素分析，以确定他们的饮食是否受其性别或社会地位的影响。我们还将这些遗址与我们之前公布的同时代遗址 Kenézlő-Fazekaszug 进行了比较。研究得出了一些意想不到的结果，表明社会地位的提高并不是上层卡罗斯遗址居民摄入大量动物蛋白的可靠指标。此外，研究结果还表明，在蒂萨纳等推定的中产阶级遗址中，生理性别只是影响动物蛋白消耗量的一个因素。这项研究通过全面取样，为中东欧数据库提供了新的稳定同位素数据，并为匈牙利历史上的一个关键时期提供了令人兴奋的结果。它还可能成为未来对其他 10 世纪匈牙利遗址进行稳定同位素分析的动力。

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引用次数: 0

Stay with the green: New insights into ancient copper smelting in the Tonglüshan site, China 与绿色相伴中国铜绿山遗址古代铜冶炼的新发现

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104790

Fan Yang , Shuxiang Chen , Siran Liu , Kunlong Chen

This paper presents new archaeometallurgical analyses from the Tonglüshan site, a famous ancient mining and smelting site in China. Results show that the primary phases in slag samples from two sites (Sifangtang and Lujia’nao) are all of a vitreous matrix, interspersed with fayalite crystals, wüstite, and hercynite. The trapped metallic particles in the slag are mainly raw copper with few sulfides present, which indicates a direct reduction process of oxidic ore. Iron-rich minerals were likely to be added as flux implied by the few unreacted inclusions in the slag samples. The extremely low copper content in the slag samples demonstrates a high rate of copper recovery, indicating that the copper smelting technology in the region had reached a considerably advanced level. In the meantime, the variations in metal content in slag samples from different periods reveal the diachronic changes in this copper smelting technology. The Tonglüshan site, with its millennia of ancient mining and metallurgical activities, provides an excellent material base for detailed studies on technological evolution.

本文介绍了对中国著名的古代采矿和冶炼遗址--铜绿山遗址进行的新的考古冶金分析。结果表明，来自两个遗址（四方塘和陆家岙）的炉渣样品中的原生相均为玻璃体基质，夹杂着辉绿岩晶体、绿泥石和蛭石。矿渣中被截留的金属颗粒主要是原铜，硫化物很少，这表明氧化矿石的直接还原过程。从矿渣样本中少量未反应的夹杂物来看，富铁矿物很可能是作为助熔剂加入的。矿渣样本中的铜含量极低，这表明铜的回收率很高，说明该地区的铜冶炼技术已达到相当先进的水平。同时，不同时期铜渣样品中金属含量的变化也揭示了铜冶炼技术的非同步变化。铜绿山遗址数千年的古代采矿和冶金活动，为详细研究技术演变提供了极好的物质基础。

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引用次数: 0

Mercury contamination in ancient water reservoirs at the Maya city of Ucanal, Guatemala 危地马拉乌卡纳尔玛雅古城水库的汞污染问题

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-10-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104789

Jean D. Tremblay , Christina T. Halperin , Peter M.J. Douglas

Although the use of mercury in the form of cinnabar (HgS) by the ancient Maya has been widely documented, there are few datasets available to understand potential exposure to mercury from ancient Maya reservoirs. This study analyzed the chemical composition of stratigraphically excavated dried sediments from 3 ancient water reservoirs located in different zones and social contexts at the site of Ucanal, Guatemala, to determine how potential contamination of water reservoirs varied through space and time. High levels of mercury, relative to natural concentrations in soils, were identified throughout the complete temporal sequence and were omnipresent in all three water reservoirs, indicating that mercury contamination may have affected both elite and non-elite sectors of the population. Average total mercury concentrations in the reservoirs’ sediments were above 1

μ

g/g, the toxic effect threshold above which freshwater ecosystem sediments are deemed to be heavily polluted. A sharp increase in mercury was recorded for the Terminal Classic period, when the city reached its apogee, with average concentrations of 3.08

μ

g/g for Aguada 2, 11.88

μ

g/g for Aguada 3 and 3.17

μ

g/g for Piscina 2. Non-reservoir soil samples also show mercury contamination throughout the city core, a situation which would have led to the accumulation of mercury in water reservoirs through its mobilization within the various drainage areas.

尽管古玛雅人使用朱砂形式的汞（HgS）的情况已被广泛记载，但要了解古玛雅水库中汞的潜在暴露情况，可用的数据集却很少。本研究分析了危地马拉乌卡纳尔遗址中位于不同区域和社会背景的 3 个古代水库中按地层挖掘出的干燥沉积物的化学成分，以确定水库的潜在污染在空间和时间上的变化情况。与土壤中的自然浓度相比，在整个时间序列中都发现了高浓度的汞，并且在所有三个水库中无处不在，这表明汞污染可能影响了人口中的精英阶层和非精英阶层。水库沉积物中的平均总汞浓度超过了 1 μg/g，超过这一毒性效应阈值，淡水生态系统沉积物就被认为受到了严重污染。根据记录，在城市达到顶峰的 Terminal Classic 时期，汞含量急剧增加，Aguada 2 号水库、Aguada 3 号水库和 Piscina 2 号水库的平均浓度分别为 3.08 微克/克、11.88 微克/克和 3.17 微克/克。非水库土壤样本也显示汞污染遍及整个城市核心，这种情况可能导致汞在各排水区内流动而在水库中积累。

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引用次数: 0

The gravity of Paleolithic hunting 旧石器时代狩猎的严重性

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104785

Michelle R. Bebber , Nam C. Kim , Simone Tripoli , Russell Quick , Briggs Buchanan , Robert S. Walker , Jonathan Paige , Jacob Baldino , Scott McKinny , Jaymes Taylor , Metin I. Eren

Topographic relief potentially played an important role in Stone Age hunting from the Middle Paleolithic onwards. Natural physical features like arroyos and cliffs, among many others, likely served as traps to stop or hinder animal movement. Yet, the presence of elevation and slope variation on a landscape means that hunters also may have been able to use terrain to hunt from on high. Here, we explored via archaeological experiment how an elevated position would have interacted with projectile weaponry via the force of gravity to influence a missile’s functional efficacy. We assessed the velocity and kinetic impact energy of two Paleolithic projectile weapon systems, the thrown javelin and the atlatl (spearthrower) and dart, at ground level and then at three-, six-, and nine-meter launch heights. The experimental results of the javelin supported our predictions. Velocity and kinetic impact energy increased as launch height increased. Unexpectedly, however, atlatl-propelled darts did not conform to our predictions, not only failing to increase dart velocity or kinetic impact energy as launch height increased but also decreasing both variables’ values. These results suggest that Paleolithic hunting with an atlatl in certain contexts likely came with consequential, and previously undocumented, opportunity costs. Our results also have implications for several aspects of archaeological interpretation in Paleolithic and post-Paleolithic contexts.

从旧石器时代中期开始，地形起伏可能在石器时代的狩猎活动中发挥了重要作用。溪谷和悬崖等自然地貌很可能是阻止或阻碍动物移动的陷阱。然而，地形上海拔高度和坡度的变化意味着猎人也可以利用地形从高处进行狩猎。在这里，我们通过考古实验探索了高处如何通过重力与射弹武器相互作用，从而影响导弹的功能效果。我们评估了两种旧石器时代射弹武器系统--投掷标枪和长矛（atlatl）及飞镖--在地面以及三米、六米和九米的发射高度上的速度和动能。标枪的实验结果支持我们的预测。随着发射高度的增加，速度和冲击动能也在增加。然而，出乎意料的是，用扁铲推进的飞镖并不符合我们的预测，不仅没有随着发射高度的增加而提高飞镖的速度或动能，反而降低了这两个变量的值。这些结果表明，旧石器时代的人们在某些情况下使用阿特拉尔镖进行狩猎很可能要付出相应的机会成本，而这种机会成本是以前没有记载过的。我们的研究结果还对旧石器时代和后旧石器时代考古学解释的几个方面产生了影响。

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引用次数: 0

The Inca child of the Quehuar volcano: Stable isotopes clue to geographic origin and seasonal diet, with putative seaweed consumption 奎瓦尔火山的印加孩子：稳定同位素为地理起源和季节性饮食提供线索，并推测食用海藻

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104784

Eve Poulallion , Violeta A. Killian Galván , Verónica Seldes , María Fernanda Zigarán , Gabriela Recagno Browning , François Fourel , Thibault Clauzel , Jean-Pierre Flandrois , Nicolas Séon , Laurent Simon , Romain Amiot , Christophe Lécuyer

The Incas occupied the west coast of South America between 1438 and 1532 CE. Among the many rites they practised was the Capacocha, which involved the offering of children. Here we studied the mummy of a child found on the Quehuar volcano, Salta, Argentina. In order to determine the geographical origin of the child and to understand the living habits prior to its presentation as an offering, we incrementally measured the δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N, δ³⁴S and δ²H values of keratin from a hair strand and the δ¹⁸O value of apatite phosphate from a rib bone. Although the origin of the child remains uncertain, the oxygen isotope composition of the drinking water deduced from the rib composition argues for an origin between 2,500 and 3,000 m.a.s.l. bordering the Andes. Furthermore, the sinusoidal δ²H signal measured in hair is compatible with the recording of local seasonal precipitation variations. The results indicate that the child did not move or moved only briefly prior to death. This offering may have occurred at the onset of the wet season (summer), as suggested by the hair δ²H values. By combining δ¹³C, δ¹⁵N and δ³⁴S measurements in hair, we also proposed as the most parsimonious hypothesis that seaweed constituted a proportion (16.2 ± 12.9 %) of the diet, with a peak of consumption during the wet season (summer).

印加人在公元 1438 年至 1532 年间占领了南美洲西海岸。他们举行的许多仪式中包括卡帕科查仪式，其中包括献祭儿童。在这里，我们研究了在阿根廷萨尔塔的奎瓦尔火山上发现的一具儿童木乃伊。为了确定孩子的地理来源并了解其作为祭品之前的生活习惯，我们逐步测量了一根头发丝中角蛋白的δ13C、δ15N、δ34S 和δ2H 值，以及一根肋骨中磷灰石磷酸盐的δ18O 值。虽然孩子的来源仍不确定，但从肋骨成分推断出的饮用水氧同位素组成表明，孩子的来源地在海拔 2,500 至 3,000 米之间，与安第斯山脉接壤。此外，在头发中测量到的正弦δ2H 信号与当地季节性降水变化的记录相符。结果表明，孩子在死前没有移动或只是短暂移动。正如头发中的δ2H 值所显示的那样，这次献祭可能发生在雨季（夏季）开始的时候。结合毛发中的δ13C、δ15N和δ34S测量值，我们还提出了一个最合理的假设，即海藻占食物的一部分（16.2 ± 12.9 %），在雨季（夏季）达到食用高峰。

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引用次数: 0

Animal cemetery and caravan stop — investigating suburban space in a transcontinental port in Berenike (Red Sea, Egypt) 动物墓地和大篷车停靠站--贝雷尼克（埃及红海）洲际港口的郊区空间调查

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104779

Piotr Osypiński , Marta Osypińska , Iwona Zych , Steven Sidebotham , Alfredo Carannante , Krzysztof Domżalski , Sara Mandera , Szymon Popławski , Renata Kucharczyk

This paper presents new archaeological information concerning the development of suburban space in the ancient Roman port of Berenike in Egypt. Excavations conducted over the past decade in a small animal cemetery located around what was, most likely, a cult structure have produced evidence showing that rubbish dumping was accompanied by other activities, specifically the burial of companion animals. Artifact analysis, especially the faunal and malacological remains, which are divided into four functional phases established on the grounds of a detailed stratigraphical examination, highlights how this zone evolved into an area for servicing the pack animals, camels and donkeys that constituted the backbone of the trade and goods supply train between the Red Sea coast and the Nile Valley during the peak period of this transcontinental port (1st–2nd centuries CE). In this context, the apparent dissonance between a sacred zone, that is, the animal cemetery, and the (un)controlled deposition of urban waste in one and the same area is also considered.

本文介绍了有关埃及古罗马贝雷尼克港郊区空间发展的新考古信息。过去十年中，在一个小型动物墓地（很可能是一个崇拜建筑）周围进行的发掘工作提供了证据，表明在倾倒垃圾的同时还进行了其他活动，特别是埋葬伴侣动物。文物分析，特别是根据详细的地层学研究将动物和贻贝遗存分为四个功能阶段的分析，突出了这一区域是如何演变成一个为驮畜、骆驼和驴子提供服务的区域，这些驮畜、骆驼和驴子在这一横贯大陆的港口的鼎盛时期（公元 1-2 世纪）构成了红海沿岸和尼罗河谷之间贸易和货物供应列车的主干。在此背景下，我们还考虑了神圣区域（即动物墓地）与城市垃圾在同一区域的（无）控制堆放之间的明显不协调。

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引用次数: 0

Traceological features of anthropogenic incisions on Yuka Mammoth’ hide (Yakutia) 尤卡猛犸象皮上人为切口的痕迹学特征（雅库特）

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104786

Natalia B. Akhmetgaleeva , Albert V. Protopopov , Evgeny N. Maschenko , Innokenty S. Pavlov

The article presents the data of experimental-trasological analysis, confirming the cutting of the Yuka mammoth skin by man in the northeast of Yakutia during of time approximately ca 39,000 – 38,000 BP during relatively warm period (MIS 3). A series of experiments have been conducted to study processing separate hide pieces from different animals including one mammoth individual. It is fundamental to note that for the first time use-wear methods were adapted for the study of soft organic material, namely the mammoth hide which to date has only been available for research in Yakutia.

The result was an understanding of the criteria for the difference between the cuts made by stone and metal tools. In the examination we observed and documented a large incision along the Yuka Mammoth’s spinal ridge and incisions around the eye sockets. Traces of anthropogenic cuts on mammoth skin and their distinction from injuries caused by animals were described. Comparison of the experimental data and anthropogenic traces on mammoth Yuka’s carcass has shown that these cutting can have been made only with stone instruments before freezing the mammoth carcass.

文章介绍了实验--超声波分析数据，证实在大约公元前 3.9 万年至 3.8 万年的相对温暖时期（MIS 3），人类在雅库特东北部切割了尤卡猛犸象皮。我们进行了一系列实验，研究不同动物（包括一只猛犸象）的不同皮片的加工过程。最重要的是，我们首次将使用磨损法用于研究软质有机材料，即猛犸象皮，迄今为止，只有雅库特地区的研究可以使用这种方法。在检查过程中，我们观察并记录了沿尤卡猛犸象脊柱的大切口和眼窝周围的切口。我们描述了猛犸皮肤上人为切割的痕迹及其与动物造成的伤害的区别。对比实验数据和尤卡猛犸象尸体上的人为痕迹表明，这些切口只能是在冷冻猛犸象尸体之前用石器造成的。

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引用次数: 0

Diet in high mediaeval florence through stable isotope analysis of carbon, nitrogen and sulphur 通过碳、氮和硫的稳定同位素分析了解中世纪佛罗伦萨的饮食情况

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104783

Matteo Giaccari , Silvia Soncin , Alessandro Riga , Martina Di Matteo , Paolo Lelli , Maura Pellegrini , Mary Anne Tafuri

In this paper, we aim to reconstruct the dietary habits of supposedly lower rank nobles or middle-class High Middle Ages individuals recovered from the cloister arcade of San Pier Scheraggio within the Uffizi Museum complex in Florence, Italy. Notably, the High Middle Ages was a period of cultural and social changes, which is partly reflected in the dietary habits, as suggested by historical sources. Here we apply stable carbon, nitrogen, and sulphur isotope analysis on humans (n = 34) and animals (n = 13) from San Pier Scheraggio to directly investigate food consumption in this peculiar assemblage. The diet of human individuals was based on terrestrial C₃ sources without clear contribution of marine fish (δ¹³C mean and 1SD: −19.5 ± 0.7 ‰; δ¹⁵N mean and 1SD: 9.6 ± 0.4 ‰; δ³⁴S values are mean and 1SD: 7.6 ± 1.2 ‰). The comparison with animal and human samples from other Italian Middle Ages contexts shows that the overall diet of the population buried at San Pier Scheraggio is in line with that of other mediaeval communities in Italy, although with a generally higher contribution of terrestrial animal products. Our data seem to suggest that at the site there was no dietary differentiation concerning age at death or biological sex of the individuals. Some differences, however, can be outlined, for example, in the contribution of C₄ crops. In addition to this, we identify two individuals as possible non-locals.

本文旨在重建从意大利佛罗伦萨乌菲齐博物馆建筑群内的圣皮埃尔-谢拉奇奥回廊拱廊中发现的中世纪中叶所谓低级贵族或中产阶级的饮食习惯。值得注意的是，中世纪晚期是文化和社会变革的时期，这在一定程度上反映在饮食习惯上，正如历史资料所表明的那样。在这里，我们对来自圣皮埃尔-谢拉奇奥的人类（34 人）和动物（13 人）进行了稳定的碳、氮和硫同位素分析，以直接研究这一特殊组合的食物消耗情况。人类的食物以陆地 C3 来源为主，没有明显的海洋鱼类（δ13C 平均值和 1SD：-19.5 ± 0.7）：-19.5±0.7‰；δ15N 平均值和 1SD：9.6±0.4‰；δ34S 平均值和 1SD：7.6±1.2‰）。与意大利其他中世纪遗址的动物和人类样本进行比较后发现，San Pier Scheraggio 埋葬地居民的总体饮食习惯与意大利其他中世纪遗址的饮食习惯一致，但陆生动物产品的比例普遍较高。我们的数据似乎表明，在该遗址中，个人的死亡年龄或生理性别并没有饮食上的差异。不过，也可以看出一些差异，例如 C4 作物的比例。除此以外，我们还发现两个人可能不是当地人。

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引用次数: 0

Tree species used in the construction of dugout canoes located in the Rio de la Plata region 拉普拉塔河地区用于建造独木舟的树种

IF 1.5 2区历史学 0 ARCHAEOLOGY

Journal of Archaeological Science-Reports

Pub Date : 2024-09-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.jasrep.2024.104772

Elena Saccone , Camila Gianotti , Laura Del Puerto , Hugo Inda

Dugout caoes were extensively used in the Rio de la Plata basin for centuries if not thousands of years. Historical documents point to the massive use of different types of watercraft for all kinds of activities connected to social, economical and political spheres, and by many different indigenous groups. However, dugout canoes are scarce in the archaeological record. In this paper, we analyze the wood of five dugout canoes located in collections in Uruguay and Argentina. The results show various species: Copaifera langsdorffii, Cordia glabrata, Enterolobium contortisiliquum, and Nothofagus cf betuloides. which can be, to some extent, traced to a region of origin that matches the nautical characteristics of the dugout canoes although, in some cases, it does not include the area where the canoe was located. This can provide information about mobility patterns or exchange routes. This work also expects to provide insights regarding nautical traditions of native peoples of the region.

在拉普拉塔河流域，独木舟被广泛使用了数百年甚至数千年。历史文献表明，许多不同的土著群体在社会、经济和政治领域的各种活动中大量使用不同类型的水上交通工具。然而，独木舟在考古记录中却很少见。本文分析了乌拉圭和阿根廷收藏的五艘独木舟的木材。结果显示了不同的物种：这些木材在一定程度上可以追溯到与独木舟航海特征相符的原产地，尽管在某些情况下，原产地并不包括独木舟所在的地区。这可以提供有关流动模式或交换路线的信息。这项工作还有望提供有关该地区原住民航海传统的见解。

引用次数: 0