Computers Environment and Urban Systems最新文献_第4页

Generative AI for urban planning: Synthesizing satellite imagery via diffusion models 城市规划的生成式人工智能：通过扩散模型合成卫星图像

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102339

Qingyi Wang , Yuebing Liang , Yunhan Zheng , Kaiyuan Xu , Jinhua Zhao , Shenhao Wang

Generative AI offers new opportunities for automating urban planning by producing site specific urban layouts and enabling flexible design exploration. However, existing approaches often struggle to produce realistic and practical designs at scale. Therefore, we adapt a state-of-the-art stable diffusion model, extended with ControlNet, to generate high-fidelity satellite imagery conditioned on land use descriptions, infrastructure, and natural environments. To overcome data availability limitations, we spatially link satellite imagery with structured land use and constraint information from OpenStreetMap. Using data from three major U.S. cities, we demonstrate that the proposed diffusion model generates realistic and diverse urban landscapes by varying land-use configurations, road networks, and water bodies, facilitating cross-city learning and design diversity. We also systematically evaluate the impacts of varying language prompts and control imagery on the quality of satellite imagery generation. Our model achieves high FID and KID scores and demonstrates robustness across diverse urban contexts. Qualitative assessments from urban planners and the general public show that generated images align closely with design descriptions and constraints, and are often preferred over real images. This work establishes a benchmark for controlled urban imagery generation and highlights the potential of generative AI as a tool for enhancing planning workflows and public engagement.

生成式人工智能通过生成特定场地的城市布局和实现灵活的设计探索，为自动化城市规划提供了新的机会。然而，现有的方法往往难以产生大规模的现实和实用的设计。因此，我们采用了最先进的稳定扩散模型，并扩展了ControlNet，以生成基于土地使用描述、基础设施和自然环境的高保真卫星图像。为了克服数据可用性的限制，我们将卫星图像与OpenStreetMap的结构化土地利用和约束信息在空间上联系起来。利用美国三个主要城市的数据，我们证明了所提出的扩散模型通过不同的土地利用配置、道路网络和水体产生了现实和多样化的城市景观，促进了跨城市的学习和设计多样性。我们还系统地评估了不同语言提示和控制图像对卫星图像生成质量的影响。我们的模型获得了很高的FID和KID分数，并在不同的城市环境中表现出稳健性。来自城市规划者和公众的定性评估表明，生成的图像与设计描述和约束条件密切相关，并且通常比真实图像更受欢迎。这项工作为控制城市图像生成建立了基准，并突出了生成式人工智能作为加强规划工作流程和公众参与的工具的潜力。

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引用次数: 0

Encoding experience: Quantifying multisensory perception of urban form through a systematic review 编码经验：通过系统回顾量化城市形态的多感官知觉

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102349

Korawich Kavee, Katherine A. Flanigan

As cities become increasingly measurable and modeled, a new design paradigm is emerging — one that places human perception, emotion, and sensory experience at the center of urban analysis. Yet most planning frameworks and computational models continue to emphasize visual and spatial configuration alone, leaving out the full spectrum of how people engage with and feel in the built environment. This paper addresses that gap by systematically mapping how five sensory modalities — sight, sound, smell, touch, and taste — relate to urban form. A key innovation lies in reinterpreting Lynch’s seminal taxonomy of urban elements as a scaffold for organizing and analyzing multisensory perception. We synthesize findings across disciplines and identify sensing technologies capable of capturing the submodalities of each sensory domain, enabling a more complete understanding of how the built environment is experienced. While walkability serves as a representative domain throughout, the insights extend to broader efforts in urban design, infrastructure management, and experience-driven planning. By linking subjective human experience to objective spatial features, this work lays the foundation for new computational tools and humanistic metrics that can inform how cities are designed, maintained, and adapted.

随着城市变得越来越可测量和建模，一种新的设计范式正在出现——将人类的感知、情感和感官体验置于城市分析的中心。然而，大多数规划框架和计算模型仍然只强调视觉和空间配置，而忽略了人们在建筑环境中如何参与和感受的全部范围。本文通过系统地绘制五种感官模式——视觉、听觉、嗅觉、触觉和味觉——与城市形态的关系来解决这一差距。一个关键的创新在于重新诠释林奇开创性的城市要素分类学，将其作为组织和分析多感官感知的框架。我们综合了跨学科的发现，并确定了能够捕获每个感官领域的子模态的传感技术，从而能够更全面地了解建筑环境的体验方式。虽然可步行性是贯穿始终的代表性领域，但其见解扩展到城市设计、基础设施管理和体验驱动型规划的更广泛努力。通过将主观的人类经验与客观的空间特征联系起来，这项工作为新的计算工具和人文指标奠定了基础，这些工具和指标可以为城市的设计、维护和适应提供信息。

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引用次数: 0

The association of subjective physical disorder and pedestrian volume: A big urban data and machine-learning approach 主观身体障碍与行人数量的关联：一个大城市数据和机器学习方法

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102348

Fangqi Liu , Yi Lu , Qiwei Song , Waishan Qiu , Dongwei Liu

Physical disorder in an urban area is characterized by visible damage, decay, and deterioration in its built environment, such as broken windows, graffiti, and litter. While its adverse effects on mental health, crime rates, and life satisfaction are well-documented, its impact on pedestrian volume–an essential indicator of urban vibrancy and livability–remains poorly discussed. Moreover, previous studies have predominantly relied on objective measures of physical disorder, overlooking subjective perceptions and potentially leading to biased interpretations. To address these crucial research gaps, we developed an online visual survey to evaluate the perceived physical disorder in Shanghai, China, across five dimensions: architectural disorder, commercial disorder, road disorder, greenery disorder, and infrastructure disorder. Then, we leveraged diverse machine learning algorithms to predict citywide spatial patterns of physical disorder based on both high-level street elements and low-level features. Finally, we examined the associations between urban physical disorder and pedestrian volumes, categorized by age and gender. Our findings reveal disparities in the influence of different types of subjective physical disorder on pedestrian volumes by demographic groups. Moreover, the subjective physical disorder provides a valuable supplement to existing built environment factors in explaining collective walking behavior. Notably, greenery disorder exhibits a significant negative association with walking behavior among female, adult, and elderly pedestrians, whereas infrastructure disorder predominantly impacts young pedestrians. Leveraging big data, this subjective measurement framework enables demographically sensitive evaluation systems of physical disorder as well as targeted interventions to reduce perceived physical disorder and improve walkability for different population groups.

城市地区的物理障碍的特征是其建成环境的可见破坏、腐烂和恶化，如破碎的窗户、涂鸦和垃圾。虽然它对心理健康、犯罪率和生活满意度的负面影响是有据可查的，但它对行人数量的影响——城市活力和宜居性的重要指标——却很少被讨论。此外，以前的研究主要依赖于身体障碍的客观测量，忽视了主观感知，并可能导致有偏见的解释。为了解决这些重要的研究空白，我们开发了一项在线视觉调查，从五个维度评估中国上海的感知物理障碍：建筑障碍、商业障碍、道路障碍、绿化障碍和基础设施障碍。然后，我们利用不同的机器学习算法来预测全市范围内基于高层街道元素和低层特征的物理障碍的空间模式。最后，我们研究了城市身体障碍与行人数量之间的关系，并按年龄和性别进行了分类。我们的研究结果揭示了不同类型的主观身体障碍对行人数量的影响在人口统计学上的差异。此外，主观身体障碍为解释集体步行行为提供了对现有建筑环境因素的有价值的补充。值得注意的是，绿化障碍与女性、成人和老年行人的步行行为呈显著负相关，而基础设施障碍主要影响年轻行人。利用大数据，这一主观测量框架使身体障碍的人口敏感评估系统以及有针对性的干预措施能够减少感知到的身体障碍，并改善不同人群的步行能力。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying street multi-activity potential (SMAP) and local networks with MLLMs and multi-view graph clustering 利用mllm和多视图图聚类识别街道多活动潜力（SMAP）和本地网络

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102350

Jiatong Li , Mingyi Ma , Yuan Lai

Streets are essential public spaces hosting a variety of social, cultural, and economic activities that collectively form urban vitality. However, due to limitations in research methodology and data, existing studies often oversimplify street activities by focusing solely on pedestrian flows. This study introduces a novel approach using Multimodal Large Language Models (MLLMs) and multi-view graph-based community detection to systematically evaluate street multi-activity potential (SMAP). Utilizing diverse urban data, we quantified the SMAP based on six common pedestrian activities (sitting, standing, walking, jogging, exercising, and street vending) in Beijing's central urban area. Results reveal significant spatial disparities in the suitability scores of different activity types, challenging the conventional reliance on walking as a proxy for street activities. By applying community detection algorithm with multi-view graph fusion and reinforcement learning, we identified 245 SMAP areas and uncovered their underlying spatial network patterns in Beijing. Assessment of SMAP areas' total potential and diversity of potential reveals the complex relationship between the two dimensions. By further identifying high total potential SMAP areas with varied levels of diversity, we discovered their distinct patterns in semantic features and spatial distributions. Overall, this study develops a novel and scalable framework for evaluating street spaces and observing their potential for diverse activities, which will guide future planning to support activity diversity and enhance urban vitality.

街道是举办各种社会、文化和经济活动的重要公共空间，共同形成城市活力。然而，由于研究方法和数据的限制，现有的研究往往过于简化街道活动，只关注行人流量。本文介绍了一种利用多模态大语言模型（MLLMs）和基于多视图图的社区检测来系统评估街道多活动潜力（SMAP）的新方法。利用不同的城市数据，我们基于北京中心城区六种常见的步行活动（坐、站、走、慢跑、锻炼和街头贩卖）对SMAP进行了量化。结果显示，不同活动类型的适宜性得分存在显著的空间差异，挑战了传统的以步行为代表的街头活动。采用基于多视图图融合和强化学习的社区检测算法，对北京市245个SMAP区域进行了识别，揭示了其潜在的空间网络格局。SMAP地区的总潜力和潜力多样性评价揭示了两者之间的复杂关系。通过进一步识别具有不同多样性水平的高总潜力SMAP区域，我们发现了它们在语义特征和空间分布上的独特模式。总体而言，本研究开发了一个新颖的可扩展框架，用于评估街道空间并观察其多样化活动的潜力，这将指导未来的规划，以支持活动多样性并增强城市活力。

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引用次数: 0

Hyperlocal heat stress around bus stops in Philadelphia: Insights from spatio-temporal microclimate modeling and explainable AI 费城公交车站周围的超局部热应力：来自时空微气候模型和可解释人工智能的见解

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-09-02 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102341

Shengao Yi , Xiaojiang Li , Donghang Li , Xinyu Dong , Ruoyu Wang , Qian Xu

The Urban Heat Island (UHI) effect significantly impacts public transit users, particularly those waiting at bus stops, where prolonged exposure to extreme heat poses health risks. Despite increasing attention to climate resilience, limited research has focused on hyperlocal, pedestrian-level thermal stress at bus stops or its relationship with the surrounding urban environment. To address this gap, we generated hourly 1-meter resolution Universal Thermal Climate Index (UTCI) maps for Philadelphia using high-resolution, multi-source geospatial data and microclimate modeling, capturing detailed summer daytime spatio-temporal heat stress patterns around more than 8,000 bus stops. We further developed an explainable machine learning framework, combining Random Forest (RF) and SHAP analysis to uncover complex, nonlinear relationships and threshold effects between heat stress and both built environment and socioeconomic variables. Key findings include: (1) Significant spatio-temporal variation in heat stress, with consistently high levels at midday across the city; (2) Higher heat stress around bus stops located in low-income neighborhoods, while more affluent areas (e.g., higher median household value) exhibit reduced thermal exposure; (3) Green View Index (GVI) and Enclosure emerged as the most effective heat-mitigating features, and (4) complex threshold effects across key urban indicators highlight the importance of targeted and equitable interventions to reduce heat stress in vulnerable areas.

城市热岛效应严重影响公共交通用户，特别是那些在公交车站等待的人，他们长期暴露在极端高温下会带来健康风险。尽管人们越来越关注气候适应能力，但有限的研究集中在公交车站的超局部、行人水平的热应力或其与周围城市环境的关系上。为了解决这一差距，我们利用高分辨率、多源地理空间数据和小气候建模，为费城生成了每小时1米分辨率的通用热气候指数（UTCI）地图，详细捕捉了8000多个公交车站附近夏季白天的时空热应力模式。我们进一步开发了一个可解释的机器学习框架，结合随机森林（RF）和SHAP分析来揭示热应力与建筑环境和社会经济变量之间复杂的非线性关系和阈值效应。主要发现包括：(1)热应激的时空差异显著，中午时全市热应激水平持续较高；(2)低收入社区公交车站周围的热应力较高，而较富裕地区（如家庭中位数较高）的热暴露程度较低；(3)绿色景观指数（GVI）和围护是最有效的热缓解特征；(4)城市主要指标的复杂阈值效应突出了有针对性和公平的干预措施对减少脆弱地区热应激的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Reassessing air pollution exposure: How daily mobility and activities shape individual risk in greater Paris 重新评估空气污染暴露：日常流动性和活动如何影响大巴黎地区的个人风险

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-08-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102340

Taos Benoussaïd , Isabelle Coll , Hélène Charreire , Inès Makni , Malo Costes , Arthur Elessa Etuman

Understanding individual exposure to air pollution is essential for tackling environmental inequalities and informing public policies aimed at reducing disparities. Traditional approaches often focus on residential locations, but exposure is intrinsically linked to daily mobility, activities and socio-economic profiles. This study presents new results based on a dynamic exposure modelling approach that takes these dimensions into account, offering a more realistic assessment of air pollution risk. By integrating high-resolution air quality data with detailed information on individual mobility, activities and socio-economic characteristics, we quantify the exposure of 400,000 individuals in the Île-de-France region. Our approach takes into account all the environments that individuals visit during the day and the time spent in each of them, going beyond static exposure assessments based on residential location. We compare this dynamic model with traditional exposure calculations, revealing significant differences in the spatial distributions of PM10 and NO2 exposure. Our analysis highlights how mobility patterns and daily activities contribute to total exposure, demonstrating that place of residence is only one part of reality. For example, commuting, workplaces and leisure activities play a key role in determining individual exposure levels. The results of our study show that dynamic exposure calculation provides a better understanding of exposure factors and offers a framework for understanding environmental inequalities. By shifting the focus from home-based to person-based exposure, our approach makes it possible to identify levers for action to reduce disparities and support targeted public health action. Our study redefines the way in which we assess the risks associated with air pollution, by highlighting the need to take into account mobility behaviour and individual trajectories.

了解个人暴露于空气污染的情况对于解决环境不平等问题和为旨在减少不平等的公共政策提供信息至关重要。传统方法通常侧重于住宅地点，但暴露与日常流动性、活动和社会经济状况有着内在联系。这项研究提出了基于动态暴露建模方法的新结果，该方法考虑了这些因素，提供了更现实的空气污染风险评估。通过将高分辨率空气质量数据与个人流动性、活动和社会经济特征的详细信息相结合，我们量化了Île-de-France地区40万人的暴露情况。我们的方法考虑了个人在白天访问的所有环境以及在每个环境中花费的时间，超越了基于居住地点的静态暴露评估。我们将该动态模型与传统的暴露计算方法进行了比较，发现PM10和NO2暴露的空间分布存在显著差异。我们的分析强调了移动模式和日常活动对总暴露的影响，表明居住地只是现实的一部分。例如，通勤、工作场所和休闲活动在决定个人暴露水平方面起着关键作用。我们的研究结果表明，动态暴露计算可以更好地理解暴露因素，并为理解环境不平等提供一个框架。通过将重点从以家庭为基础的接触转移到以个人为基础的接触，我们的方法可以确定采取行动的杠杆，以缩小差距并支持有针对性的公共卫生行动。我们的研究通过强调考虑移动行为和个人轨迹的必要性，重新定义了我们评估空气污染相关风险的方式。

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引用次数: 0

Toward satisfactory public accessibility: A crowdsourcing approach through online reviews to inclusive urban design 实现令人满意的公共可达性：通过在线评论的众包方法来实现包容性城市设计

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-08-23 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102329

Lingyao Li , Songhua Hu , Yinpei Dai , Min Deng , Parisa Momeni , Gabriel Laverghetta , Lizhou Fan , Zihui Ma , Xi Wang , Siyuan Ma , Jay Ligatti , Libby Hemphill

As urban populations grow, the need for accessible urban design has become urgent. Traditional methods for assessing public perceptions of accessibility, such as surveys and interviews, are often resource-intensive and geographically limited in scope. Crowdsourcing via online reviews offers a valuable alternative to understanding public perceptions, and advancements in large language models (LLMs) can facilitate their use. In this study, we examine over one million Google Maps reviews from points of interests (POIs) across the United States and fine-tune the Llama 3 model using the Low-Rank Adaptation (LoRA) technique to identify public sentiment toward accessibility. At the POI level, most categories – restaurants, retail, hotels, and healthcare – show negative sentiments, indicating persistent barriers across key sectors. Socio-spatial regression analysis reveals that more positive sentiment is associated with areas that have higher proportions of white residents and greater socioeconomic advantage. Conversely, more negative sentiment is expressed in areas with higher concentrations of elderly and highly-educated populations. Interestingly, no clear link is found between the presence of disabilities and public sentiments, but a significant positive relationship does exist between disability-friendly scores and public perception. Overall, our findings demonstrate the value of crowdsourcing with LLM-enhanced analysis in identifying accessibility challenges and informing inclusive urban design, offering actionable insights for planners, policymakers, and advocates striving toward more equitable cities.

随着城市人口的增长，对无障碍城市设计的需求变得迫切。评估公众对无障碍的看法的传统方法，如调查和访谈，往往是资源密集和地理范围有限的。通过在线评论的众包为理解公众的看法提供了一个有价值的选择，大型语言模型（llm）的进步可以促进它们的使用。在这项研究中，我们检查了来自美国各地兴趣点（poi）的100多万条谷歌地图评论，并使用低等级适应（LoRA）技术对Llama 3模型进行微调，以确定公众对可访问性的看法。在POI级别，大多数类别（餐馆、零售、酒店和医疗保健）表现出负面情绪，表明关键行业之间存在持续障碍。社会空间回归分析显示，白人居民比例高、社会经济优势大的地区，其积极情绪越高。相反，在老年人和高学历人口更集中的地区，负面情绪表达得更多。有趣的是，残疾的存在与公众情绪之间没有明显的联系，但残疾友好得分与公众感知之间确实存在显著的正相关关系。总体而言，我们的研究结果证明了通过法学硕士增强分析的众包在识别无障碍挑战和为包容性城市设计提供信息方面的价值，并为规划者、政策制定者和倡导者提供可操作的见解，以努力实现更公平的城市。

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引用次数: 0

ScaleFC: A scale-aware geographical flow clustering algorithm for heterogeneous origin-destination data ScaleFC：一种基于尺度感知的异构始发目的地数据地理流聚类算法

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-08-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102338

Huan Chen , Zhipeng Gui , Dehua Peng , Yuhang Liu , Yuncheng Ma , Huayi Wu

Exploring the cluster pattern of geographical flow facilitates the understanding of the underlying process of geographical phenomena among spatial locations. Despite recent advancements in identifying flow clusters, challenges remain when handling flow data with uneven length, heterogeneous density and weak connectivity. To solve the issues, this study proposes a Scale-aware Flow Clustering algorithm (ScaleFC). It identifies flow clusters of arbitrary lengths by employing an analytical scale to generate an adjustable neighborhood range of each flow. Meanwhile, inspired by the idea of boundary-seeking clustering, ScaleFC introduces partitioning flows to identify flow clusters with different densities, and separate the weakly-connected clusters. To validate the effectiveness, we compared ScaleFC with three mainstream baselines, i.e., AFC, FlowLF and FlowDBSCAN, on six synthetic datasets. The results presented that ScaleFC can accurately identify the clusters with complex structures, achieving an average accuracy improvement of 27 %, 17 %, and 15 % over the three competitors, respectively. The application on bike-sharing data with 16,140 flow pairs from Shanghai City demonstrated that ScaleFC is capable to capture both long-distance and short-distance movements, thereby providing a more comprehensive understanding to multi-scale human mobility patterns in geographical space.

探索地理流动的集群模式有助于理解空间区位间地理现象的内在过程。尽管最近在识别流簇方面取得了进展，但在处理长度不均匀、密度不均匀和连通性弱的流数据时仍然存在挑战。为了解决这一问题，本研究提出了一种规模感知流聚类算法（ScaleFC）。它通过采用分析尺度来生成每个流的可调邻域范围来识别任意长度的流簇。同时，受边界寻找聚类思想的启发，ScaleFC引入分区流来识别不同密度的流簇，并分离弱连接的簇。为了验证其有效性，我们在六个合成数据集上将ScaleFC与三个主流基线（即AFC， FlowLF和FlowDBSCAN）进行了比较。结果表明，ScaleFC可以准确地识别具有复杂结构的聚类，平均准确率比三个竞争对手分别提高27%，17%和15%。在上海市16140对共享单车流量数据上的应用表明，ScaleFC能够捕捉长距离和短距离的移动，从而更全面地了解地理空间中多尺度的人类移动模式。

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引用次数: 0

Digital planning for sustainable urban future 可持续城市未来的数字化规划

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-08-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102334

Yanliu Lin , Stan Geertman , Patrick Witte , Nuno Pinto

引用次数: 0

Wheelchair accessibility to public facilities via transits and analysis of delay factors—A case study of Shanghai, China 公共设施的轮椅可及性及其延迟因素分析——以上海为例

IF 8.3 1区地球科学 Q1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES

Computers Environment and Urban Systems

Pub Date : 2025-08-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2025.102331

Luoan Yang , Wei Huang , Xintao Liu , Wanglin Yan

The pursuit of egalitarian and sustainable communities represents a collective aspiration and aligns with the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals. The public transit system, as the primary mode of mobility for wheelchair users in China, often imposes barriers that hinder travel or prolong travel times. It is essential to evaluate the spatial accessibility of public transit for wheelchair users to mitigate their social exclusion and enhance their participation within the community. However, there is a paucity of research on wheelchair transit accessibility and the factors contributing to prolonged travel times. This study introduces a wheelchair-accessible public transit route planning algorithm utilizing an online map API to acquire travel time and identify delay factors using the city of Shanghai as the study area, then evaluates spatial accessibility differences between wheelchair users and the general population in accessing public service facilities. Key findings include: (1) 73.9% of wheelchair transit routes encounter delays due to insufficient wheelchair facilities. (2) Parks show the largest accessibility gap, with wheelchair users’ accessibility at only 45% of that of the general population within the same time threshold. (3) Walking segment obstacles cause the longest delays, the most frequent delay factor is the lack of accessible metro station entrances, and SHAP values from the machine learning model furnish localized explanations regarding the impact of each delay factor. These findings reveal disparities in wheelchair transit accessibility and investigate factors causing delays, informing urban planning and infrastructure improvements in Shanghai and providing a reference for barrier-free development in other cities.

追求平等和可持续的社区是一种集体愿望，与联合国可持续发展目标相一致。公共交通系统作为中国轮椅使用者的主要出行方式，经常设置障碍，阻碍出行或延长出行时间。评估公共交通对轮椅使用者的空间可达性至关重要，以减轻他们的社会排斥，提高他们在社区中的参与度。然而，关于轮椅交通的可达性和导致出行时间延长的因素的研究却很少。本文以上海市为研究区，利用在线地图API，引入了一种轮椅无障碍公共交通路线规划算法，获取出行时间并识别延误因素，评估了轮椅使用者与一般人群在获取公共服务设施方面的空间可达性差异。主要发现包括：(1)73.9%的轮椅过境路线因轮椅设施不足而出现延误。(2)公园的可达性差距最大，在相同的时间阈值内，轮椅使用者的可达性仅为一般人群的45%。(3)步行段障碍物造成的延误时间最长，最常见的延误因素是缺乏可达的地铁站入口，机器学习模型的SHAP值对每个延误因素的影响提供了本地化的解释。研究结果揭示了上海轮椅交通可达性的差异，探讨了造成延误的因素，为上海的城市规划和基础设施改善提供了参考，并为其他城市的无障碍发展提供了参考。

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引用次数: 0