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Devolution and democratic engagement in England 英格兰的权力下放和民主参与
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-28 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103386
Nicholas Patrick Sweeney
Devolution is argued to enhance decision-making through allowing for representative place-based policy making by engaged local citizens. Meanwhile, voter participation in local elections in England is approximately one-third of the electorate, divided along demographic lines, raising questions over the democratic legitimacy of local policymaking. Leveraging a restricted dataset from The Elections Centre, my study provides the first detailed investigation into this relationship. Focusing on the six English devolved areas granted expanded powers in 2017, I employ a difference-in-differences approach on a panel of single-tier authorities spanning 2004–2022. I find that despite the transfer of greater local powers, devolution does not lead to any overall increase in democratic engagement, although these effects vary by devolved area. Also, there is no relationship between existing voting behaviour and the effect of devolution, suggesting cycles of political exclusion persist. My findings evidence a ‘geography of disengagement’, and the inefficacy of increased devolved powers in influencing these patterns, contesting the importance of representative policymaking under England's devolution framework, and place-based policies more generally, beyond a political rhetorical device.
权力下放被认为是通过允许参与的当地公民有代表性地制定政策来加强决策。与此同时,在英国,参与地方选举的选民约占全体选民的三分之一,按人口统计学划分,这引发了对地方政策制定的民主合法性的质疑。利用选举中心的有限数据集,我的研究首次对这种关系进行了详细的调查。我将重点放在2017年被授予扩大权力的6个英国下放地区,对2004年至2022年期间的单层当局小组采用了差异中的差异方法。我发现,尽管地方权力得到了更大的转移,但权力下放并没有导致民主参与的总体增加,尽管这些影响因下放地区而异。此外,现有的投票行为与权力下放的影响之间没有关系,这表明政治排斥的循环仍在继续。我的研究结果证明了一种“脱离接触的地理”,以及权力下放在影响这些模式方面的无效,这与英格兰权力下放框架下代议制决策的重要性以及更普遍的基于地方的政策的重要性相矛盾,而不仅仅是政治修辞手段。
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引用次数: 0
Precarious work and local governance through the lens of informality and caring for place 不稳定的工作和地方治理通过非正式和关心地方的镜头
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103380
Valeria Guarneros-Meza
Against the backdrop of fiscal austerity and bordering discourses in the UK, precarious work has become increasingly important to understand local governance and provision of community services. This paper contends that precarity can be overcome through caring practices found in the social reproduction that communities develop in their everyday experience of place-making, but care is made invisible by the state's own contribution to informal governance arrangements. The paper aims to contribute to the study of precarity in England, by bringing into dialogue debates on work precarity, informality and popular economies. Through this framework the relationality between state and non-state actors can be studied through decentring the role of the state in the provision of community services. This framework recognises the hidden and ambiguous interfaces that co-exist, or are nested within each other, when local communities encounter marginality in social, organisational, political and economic ways. Through qualitative research carried out in Barnsley Metropolitan Borough in South Yorkshire, the paper unpacks how the visibility of material and social precarity are compounded with the invisibility of voluntary work in the initiatives organised by the local council and different community organisations when caring for others and place. Through the relations among individuals and community groups that stem from practices which render work invisible, networks of solidarity are formed, but they are not enough to develop more inclusive conditions for change.
在英国财政紧缩和边缘话语的背景下,不稳定的工作对于理解地方治理和社区服务的提供变得越来越重要。本文认为,不稳定性可以通过社区在其日常场所制造经验中发展的社会再生产中发现的关怀实践来克服,但由于国家自己对非正式治理安排的贡献,关怀是无形的。本文旨在通过引入关于工作不稳定性、非正式性和流行经济的对话辩论,为英国不稳定性的研究做出贡献。通过这一框架,可以通过分散国家在提供社区服务中的作用来研究国家与非国家行为体之间的关系。当当地社区在社会、组织、政治和经济方面遭遇边缘化时,该框架识别了共存或相互嵌套的隐藏和模糊接口。通过在南约克郡巴恩斯利大都会区进行的定性研究,本文揭示了物质和社会不稳定的可见性与当地议会和不同社区组织在照顾他人和地方时组织的志愿工作的不可见性是如何结合在一起的。个人和社区团体之间的关系源于使工作不可见的做法,因此形成了团结网络,但这还不足以为变革创造更具包容性的条件。
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引用次数: 0
Just climate experimentation: Distributive, procedural, and recognition justice in two low-carbon pilots in China 公正的气候实验:中国两个低碳试点的分配、程序和认可正义
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103384
Yiqun Yang , Kevin Lo
Climate experiments—innovative measures taken to mitigate or adapt to climate change—have become a global driver of low-carbon transitions. However, the social justice aspects of climate experiments have not been adequately explored. This study theorizes just climate experimentation from three perspectives of justice. From a distributive justice perspective, climate experiments should fairly distribute costs and benefits, ensuring that communities receive direct advantages while mitigating negative impacts. Procedural justice requires informed consent and equal decision-making for communities. Recognition justice involves understanding and respecting the perspectives of affected local populations. We mobilized these ideas to empirically analyze the interactions between experimenters and local communities in two low-carbon pilots in China. We found that: (1) while experimenters benefited financially and politically from climate experimentation, local residents faced material and non-material burdens; (2) procedural justice issues include a lack of informed consent and meaningful community involvement; and (3) experimenters selectively acknowledged community perspectives, leading to some changes but also dismissing certain views.
气候实验——为减缓或适应气候变化而采取的创新措施——已成为全球向低碳转型的驱动力。然而,气候实验的社会公正方面还没有得到充分的探讨。本研究从正义的三个角度对公正气候实验进行了理论化。从分配正义的角度来看,气候实验应该公平地分配成本和收益,确保社区在减轻负面影响的同时获得直接利益。程序正义要求社区的知情同意和平等决策。承认正义包括理解和尊重受影响的当地居民的观点。我们运用这些观点,实证分析了中国两个低碳试点项目中实验者与当地社区之间的互动关系。研究发现:(1)实验者从气候实验中获得经济和政治利益,而当地居民则面临物质和非物质负担;(2)程序正义问题包括缺乏知情同意和有意义的社区参与;(3)实验者有选择地承认社区观点,这导致了一些变化,但也否定了某些观点。
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引用次数: 0
Haunted Temporalities: Ghosts and the geohauntologies of the Iran-Iraq war and the production of the nation-state through martyrdom 闹鬼的时间性:两伊战争的鬼魂和地灵学,以及通过殉难而产生的民族国家
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103361
Hanieh Molana
The Iran-Iraq War (1980–1988) left enduring imprints on Iranian history, identity, landscape, and memory. The geographic remains and memories of the War can be easily observed in city landscapes, grave sites, museums, schoolbooks, city murals, films, and street names. But this paper seeks to geolocate the invisible traces of the War in a way that make an appearance today and how they are reproduced by the state. In this article, I argue for a reinterpretation of the Iran-Iraq War, its affective absence, and its geohaunting of a society's collective temporality. Through an ethnographic analysis of Tehran's National Museum of the Islamic Revolution and Holy Defence, the paper illuminates how these hauntings permeate public consciousness, and shape collective temporality. I present the concept of geohauntology to highlight the central geographical aspect of invisibilities, hauntings, memories, and ghosts in geographical research and in the study of memory and remembrance more broadly. I conclude by analyzing the ways in which the Iranian state strategically curates and controls these spectral presences, while mobilizing the ghosts of the Iran-Iraq War as instruments of governance, national memory, and ideological reinforcement.
两伊战争(1980-1988)在伊朗的历史、身份、景观和记忆上留下了持久的印记。在城市景观、墓地、博物馆、教科书、城市壁画、电影和街道名称中,可以很容易地观察到战争的地理遗迹和记忆。但本文试图以一种今天出现的方式定位战争的无形痕迹,以及它们是如何被国家复制的。在这篇文章中,我主张重新解释两伊战争,它的情感缺失,以及它对社会集体时间性的地理困扰。通过对德黑兰伊斯兰革命和神圣防御国家博物馆的民族志分析,本文阐明了这些幽灵是如何渗透到公众意识中,并塑造了集体的时代性。我提出了地球鬼魅学的概念,以突出地理研究和更广泛的记忆和记忆研究中隐形、鬼魅、记忆和鬼魂的中心地理方面。最后,我分析了伊朗政府战略性地策划和控制这些幽灵存在的方式,同时动员两伊战争的幽灵作为治理、国家记忆和意识形态强化的工具。
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引用次数: 0
The making of a hydrofrontier: geopolitics, securitization and ‘green’ energy imaginaries in India's eastern borderlands 水力边界的形成:印度东部边境的地缘政治、证券化和“绿色”能源想象
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-20 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103378
Michelle Irengbam , Christopher Sneddon
In recent years, frontier thinking has mushroomed across a range of environmental social sciences seeking to understand the ongoing exploitation of regions identified as politically, economically, and culturally marginal. Scholars emphasize that frontiers are the products of both geographical imaginations and material forces of extraction and exploitation with often dire consequences for the regions' inhabitants. Despite decades of academic work on frontiers, few studies have focused specifically on the intersecting processes and actors that have made hydropower development critical to understanding frontiers in the late 20th and early 21st centuries. This paper introduces the hydrofrontier to emphasize that the advent of hydropower development introduces novel spatial and temporal dynamics to frontier regions, which are constantly assembling ideas, peoples, ecologies, and political-economic processes across diverse and fragmented spaces. Nowhere are these sites and assemblages more evident than in the hydrofrontier of Northeast India, a region at the juncture of South and Southeast Asia long targeted by state planners as critical to national energy goals. While sharing many characteristics of other frontier regions, Northeast India's hydrofrontier assembles discourses and practices centered on economic development and renewable energy aligned with complex processes of securitization in novel ways. The notion of the hydrofrontier offers distinct and broadly applicable insights into our understandings of conflicts over hydropower and environmental conflicts more broadly, which can be applied to many of the world's frontier regions. While primarily theoretical, the paper draws from recent fieldwork by the first author and her reflections as a person from the region.
近年来,前沿思维在一系列环境社会科学领域如雨后春笋般涌现,旨在理解对政治、经济和文化边缘地区的持续开发。学者们强调,边界是地理想象和物质力量的产物,往往会给该地区的居民带来可怕的后果。尽管在前沿领域进行了数十年的学术研究,但很少有研究专门关注使水电开发对理解20世纪末和21世纪初的前沿至关重要的交叉过程和参与者。本文介绍了水电边界,以强调水电开发的出现给边界地区带来了新的时空动态,这些边界地区不断地在不同和碎片化的空间中聚集思想、人民、生态和政治经济过程。这些地点和集合体在印度东北部的水边最为明显,该地区位于南亚和东南亚的交汇处,长期以来一直被国家规划者视为国家能源目标的关键。在与其他边境地区共享许多特征的同时,印度东北部的水边以新颖的方式将以经济发展和可再生能源为中心的话语和实践与复杂的证券化过程相结合。水电边界的概念为我们对水电冲突和更广泛的环境冲突的理解提供了独特而广泛适用的见解,这可以应用于世界上许多边境地区。虽然主要是理论,但该论文借鉴了第一作者最近的田野调查和她作为一个来自该地区的人的反思。
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引用次数: 0
The rural consolidation state. A critical examination of municipal consolidation strategies in Bavaria (Germany) 农村整合状态。对巴伐利亚州(德国)市政整合战略的批判性考察
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103379
Andreas Kallert, Simon Dudek
This paper examines the effects of austerity policies on financially weak rural municipalities in Germany, focusing on debt support programmes that make financial aid conditional on municipal efforts to increase revenues and cut expenditures. These programmes effectively enforce austerity at the municipal level. Drawing on Streeck's concept of the consolidation state and austerity urbanism literature, we develop the concept of the rural consolidation state to analyse the specific challenges rural municipalities face under austerity. To this end, we identify five characteristics that shape the possibilities and limitations of fiscal consolidation for rural municipalities. Based on a case study of Bavaria's debt support programme, Stabilisierungshilfen (stabilisation aid), we find that austerity operates differently in rural settings than in cities, often leading to distinct forms of discontent and embitterment in the countryside.
本文考察了财政紧缩政策对德国财政薄弱的农村城市的影响,重点关注债务支持计划,这些计划将财政援助以市政增加收入和削减支出的努力为条件。这些计划有效地执行了市级的紧缩政策。借鉴Streeck关于巩固状态和紧缩城市主义文献的概念,我们发展了农村巩固状态的概念,以分析农村市政当局在紧缩政策下面临的具体挑战。为此,我们确定了影响农村市政当局财政整顿的可能性和局限性的五个特征。基于对巴伐利亚州债务支持计划Stabilisierungshilfen(稳定援助)的案例研究,我们发现,紧缩政策在农村地区的运作方式与城市不同,往往会导致农村地区不同形式的不满和怨恨。
{"title":"The rural consolidation state. A critical examination of municipal consolidation strategies in Bavaria (Germany)","authors":"Andreas Kallert,&nbsp;Simon Dudek","doi":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103379","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103379","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper examines the effects of austerity policies on financially weak rural municipalities in Germany, focusing on debt support programmes that make financial aid conditional on municipal efforts to increase revenues and cut expenditures. These programmes effectively enforce austerity at the municipal level. Drawing on Streeck's concept of the consolidation state and austerity urbanism literature, we develop the concept of the rural consolidation state to analyse the specific challenges rural municipalities face under austerity. To this end, we identify five characteristics that shape the possibilities and limitations of fiscal consolidation for rural municipalities. Based on a case study of Bavaria's debt support programme, <em>Stabilisierungshilfen</em> (stabilisation aid), we find that austerity operates differently in rural settings than in cities, often leading to distinct forms of discontent and embitterment in the countryside.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48262,"journal":{"name":"Political Geography","volume":"121 ","pages":"Article 103379"},"PeriodicalIF":4.7,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144313752","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Creating a new climate transition politics? Reflections on a Real Deal for Australia 创造一种新的气候转型政治?对澳大利亚真正交易的反思
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103347
Amanda Tattersall , Katie Moore , Juliet Bennett , Christine Evans , Louise C. Johnson , Naomi Joy Godden , Dibya Shree Chhetry , Elise Ganley , Sally Fisher , Jaclyn McCosker , Jade Wright , Liz Bonner , Helen Long , Noreen Nicholson
Economic responses to climate change, such as just transitions and the Green New Deal (GND), have helped shift climate policy debate to focus on the economic dimensions of climate change. Yet these approaches have also been limited; they have not always delivered, they have left some groups behind and at times have polarised affected constituencies. This article argues that a key reason for this is that these agendas have primarily involved imposing solutions on communities without activating people's participation in the perpetual cocreation of new social, political and economic solutions. Here, community and academic researchers reflect on the first five years of the Real Deal for Australia project and its effort to realise a community-led climate transition politics through its application of the ‘relational method’. This paper locates the Real Deal within the traditions of just transitions and the GND, and details the theories, methods and practices that it has built upon and involved, including in two place-based projects. It reflects on the intentions of the project and the learning that has occurred in the process, in particular from seeking to privilege the voices of Indigenous Peoples, form diverse community coalitions made up of strong interpersonal relationships between existing trade union, environmental, neighbourhood and faith-based groups, produce robust place-based agendas and buid effective actions for alternative futures.
气候变化的经济应对措施,如转型和绿色新政(GND),有助于将气候政策辩论转向气候变化的经济层面。然而,这些方法也有局限性;他们并不总是能兑现承诺,他们把一些群体抛在了后面,有时还使受影响的选区两极分化。本文认为,造成这种情况的一个关键原因是,这些议程主要涉及将解决方案强加给社区,而没有激活人们参与新的社会、政治和经济解决方案的永久共同创造。在这里,社区和学术研究人员反思了澳大利亚真正交易项目的前五年,以及它通过应用“关系方法”实现社区主导的气候过渡政治的努力。本文将Real Deal置于公正过渡和GND的传统中,并详细介绍了它所建立和涉及的理论、方法和实践,包括两个基于地方的项目。它反映了该项目的意图和在此过程中获得的经验教训,特别是寻求给予土著人民的声音以特权,形成由现有工会、环境、邻里和信仰团体之间牢固的人际关系组成的多样化社区联盟,制定强有力的基于地方的议程,并为替代未来制定有效的行动。
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引用次数: 0
Durable instabilities of home: Rain, terrain, and governance assemblages in Medellín, Colombia 家园的持久不稳定:雨、地形和治理组合在Medellín,哥伦比亚
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103368
Frank I. Müller
This paper explores the interplay between rain, landslides, and local governance, highlighting their roles in shaping the precariousness of homes of lower-income residents in Medellín. Building on literature that positions “natural” disasters as human-made or exacerbated phenomena, and on semi-structured interviews as well as media analysis, the paper examines how rain and its associated risks serve as socio-spatial markers in the narratives of the residents, journalists and planners. A key finding is that geomorphological instability, coupled with extreme weather events, disproportionately affects residents with lower social status in the community. This situation is exacerbated by the ongoing urbanization activities of criminal actors in the area. I seek to explore which of these threats is perceived as more significant and how, according to the interviewees, these challenges are interrelated. The paper argues that the physical terrain fundamentally influences socio-political struggles, shaping the legitimacy of authority while simultaneously embodying a tension between the expected safety of home and the destabilizing realities of displacement. It introduces the concept of “dwelling in limbo,” where home-making reflects a dynamic balance between adaptability to immediate conditions and a future-oriented endurance against ongoing threats. Through this lens, the research elucidates how governance assemblages contribute to sustained socio-material insecurity, offering insights into the lived experiences of communities affected by environmental and socio-political challenges.
本文探讨了降雨、山体滑坡和地方治理之间的相互作用,强调了它们在形成Medellín低收入居民住房不稳定方面的作用。基于将“自然”灾害定位为人为或加剧现象的文献,以及半结构化访谈和媒体分析,本文考察了雨及其相关风险如何在居民、记者和规划者的叙述中作为社会空间标记。一个重要的发现是,地貌不稳定,加上极端天气事件,不成比例地影响了社区中社会地位较低的居民。该地区犯罪行为者正在进行的城市化活动加剧了这种情况。我试图探索哪些威胁被认为是更重要的,以及根据受访者的说法,这些挑战是如何相互关联的。本文认为,自然地形从根本上影响了社会政治斗争,塑造了权威的合法性,同时体现了预期的家园安全与流离失所的不稳定现实之间的紧张关系。它引入了“居住在边缘地带”的概念,在这里,家庭建造反映了对当前条件的适应性和对持续威胁的面向未来的耐力之间的动态平衡。通过这一视角,该研究阐明了治理组合如何导致持续的社会物质不安全,为受环境和社会政治挑战影响的社区的生活经验提供了见解。
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引用次数: 0
On the therapist's couch and in the streets: Politicized approaches to healing trauma and embodying liberation in the US and Canada 在治疗师的沙发上和街道上:美国和加拿大治疗创伤和体现解放的政治化方法
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103367
Rebecca Patterson-Markowitz
Politicized healing is a phenomenon emerging within contemporary movements for social justice intended to address the impact of intergenerational traumas, ongoing oppression, and state violence that impact marginalized communities. A turn to healing opens space for care and attention to embodiment as part of a politics of transformation. However, it risks subsuming projects about collective justice(s) into individualist, healthist paradigms, obscuring the role and responsibility of the state. In this paper I draw on interviews with thought leaders engaged in struggles for political and social transformation who insist that healers have a place in political strategy and action. My research demonstrates that while these change-makers have differing approaches to embodied healing and politics, the individual body is never just that. A focus on collective and intergenerational trauma allows for harms to be understood as relational, embodied, and political. Their interventions target new terrains, from the therapeutic encounter to the workings of the Medical Industrial Complex, as sites for political action, and imagine futures that make space for the tensions of individual and collective autonomy.
政治化治疗是当代社会正义运动中出现的一种现象,旨在解决影响边缘化社区的代际创伤、持续压迫和国家暴力的影响。转向疗愈为关怀和关注化身作为转变政治的一部分打开了空间。然而,它有将关于集体正义的项目纳入个人主义、健康主义范式的风险,模糊了国家的作用和责任。在本文中,我引用了对参与政治和社会变革斗争的思想领袖的采访,他们坚持认为治疗师在政治战略和行动中占有一席之地。我的研究表明,虽然这些变革者在具体治疗和政治方面有不同的方法,但个人身体绝不仅仅是这样。对集体和代际创伤的关注使伤害被理解为关系的、具体的和政治的。他们的干预瞄准了新的领域,从治疗遭遇到医疗工业综合体的运作,作为政治行动的场所,并想象未来为个人和集体自治的紧张局势提供空间。
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引用次数: 0
Can the borderland speak? Entangled territoriality in the foothills of Northeast India 边境会说话吗?印度东北部丘陵地带的领土纠纷
IF 4.7 1区 社会学 Q1 GEOGRAPHY Pub Date : 2025-06-04 DOI: 10.1016/j.polgeo.2025.103358
Debasish Hazarika, Ngamjahao Kipgen
This article is an attempt to understand the fraught territorial contestations in the post-colonial borderlands within Northeast India. Focusing especially on the foothill borderlands located between Assam and the surrounding hill states, this article engages with the northeastern foothills as sites and products of territorial politics and thereby brings out the role played by territoriality in shaping contemporary politics in Northeast India. This work attempts to situate foothills as a historical and contemporary vantage point through which territorial politics in Northeast India could be explored. Based on ethnographic fieldwork, this article captures everyday territorial entanglements with the subnational border in the foothills between Assam and Arunachal Pradesh and unpacks how infrastructures of development and conservation become the sites where borderland dwellers articulate and contest their territorial anxieties. Engaging with the emergent politics of ethnic diplomacy in these foothills, this paper brings out and analyses its emergence as an agentive response of the borderland dwellers deployed for navigating this volatile landscape of territoriality in the region.
本文试图理解后殖民时代印度东北部边境地区令人担忧的领土争端。本文特别关注位于阿萨姆邦和周围丘陵邦之间的山麓边境地带,将东北山麓作为领土政治的场所和产物,从而揭示了领土在塑造印度东北部当代政治中所起的作用。这项工作试图将山麓作为历史和当代的有利位置,通过它可以探索印度东北部的领土政治。基于民族志的田野调查,这篇文章捕捉到了阿萨姆邦和**之间的山麓地区与次国家边界的日常领土纠纷,并揭示了发展和保护的基础设施如何成为边境居民表达和争夺领土焦虑的场所。与这些山麓地区民族外交的新兴政治相结合,本文提出并分析了其作为边境居民的一种代理反应的出现,这些居民被部署在该地区这一不稳定的领土景观中。
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引用次数: 0
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Political Geography
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