Pub Date : 2025-12-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103300
Xiaoguang Li , Yao Lu
Despite the extensive literature documenting how family background shapes socioeconomic outcomes through education in China, less is known about its role in school-to-work trajectories. Using nationally representative data from the 2012 China Labor–Force Dynamics Survey and sequence analysis, this article identifies distinct school-to-work trajectories in China that encompass an individual's progression throughout the educational system, transition from school to the workplace, and job mobility within the labor market and examines the role of family background in shaping the different paths. The results show that family background is strongly associated with school-to-work trajectories. Importantly, this association varies by gender and cohort. The role of family background in entry into managerial and professional occupations has strengthened across successive cohorts. Gender also moderates this association: while women face greater difficulties in attaining favorable school-to-work trajectories, the gender gap is substantially smaller among women from more advantaged family backgrounds. These findings demonstrate that family background plays a profound and growing role in school-to-work trajectories in contemporary China.
{"title":"Family background and school-to-work trajectories in China","authors":"Xiaoguang Li , Yao Lu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103300","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103300","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Despite the extensive literature documenting how family background shapes socioeconomic outcomes through education in China, less is known about its role in school-to-work trajectories. Using nationally representative data from the 2012 China Labor–Force Dynamics Survey and sequence analysis, this article identifies distinct school-to-work trajectories in China that encompass an individual's progression throughout the educational system, transition from school to the workplace, and job mobility within the labor market and examines the role of family background in shaping the different paths. The results show that family background is strongly associated with school-to-work trajectories. Importantly, this association varies by gender and cohort. The role of family background in entry into managerial and professional occupations has strengthened across successive cohorts. Gender also moderates this association: while women face greater difficulties in attaining favorable school-to-work trajectories, the gender gap is substantially smaller among women from more advantaged family backgrounds. These findings demonstrate that family background plays a profound and growing role in school-to-work trajectories in contemporary China.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103300"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839595","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103303
Joanna Syrda
The measured work that wives and husbands perform at home and in the labour market remains strongly gendered. Competing theoretical perspectives offer divergent predictions about how relative spousal income shapes the division of housework: exchange and bargaining models predict that the higher earner performs less domestic labour, whereas sociological accounts emphasize persistent traditional gender norms. Empirical findings mirror this divide, and existing research typically overlooks gendered reporting bias in household survey data.
Using data from the 1999–2023 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), this study examines whether the relationship between relative spousal income and housework depends on the gender of the household respondent. The PSID's rotating respondent design - where either spouse reports for the household - combined with within-household fixed effects and double-demeaned interaction models reveal asymmetries. When wives report, the association between relative income and housework aligns with exchange and bargaining theory. When husbands report, the same households exhibit a curvilinear pattern consistent with gender deviance neutralization. Respondent gender therefore fundamentally shapes empirical conclusions about the income-housework relationship, indicating that gender norms structure not only domestic labour but also its survey representation.
Approximately one quarter of couples switch respondents over time, and these effects are identified from this subset. That strong asymmetries emerge even among more egalitarian households underscores the importance of gendered reporting. Methodologically, the findings show that conventional fixed effects models attenuate respondent-contingent nonlinearities, whereas double-demeaned estimators that control for both unit and time effects recover sharper and theoretically coherent patterns.
{"title":"Gendered reporting of housework across relative spousal income","authors":"Joanna Syrda","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103303","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103303","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The measured work that wives and husbands perform at home and in the labour market remains strongly gendered. Competing theoretical perspectives offer divergent predictions about how relative spousal income shapes the division of housework: exchange and bargaining models predict that the higher earner performs less domestic labour, whereas sociological accounts emphasize persistent traditional gender norms. Empirical findings mirror this divide, and existing research typically overlooks gendered reporting bias in household survey data.</div><div>Using data from the 1999–2023 waves of the Panel Study of Income Dynamics (PSID), this study examines whether the relationship between relative spousal income and housework depends on the gender of the household respondent. The PSID's rotating respondent design - where either spouse reports for the household - combined with within-household fixed effects and double-demeaned interaction models reveal asymmetries. When wives report, the association between relative income and housework aligns with exchange and bargaining theory. When husbands report, the same households exhibit a curvilinear pattern consistent with gender deviance neutralization. Respondent gender therefore fundamentally shapes empirical conclusions about the income-housework relationship, indicating that gender norms structure not only domestic labour but also its survey representation.</div><div>Approximately one quarter of couples switch respondents over time, and these effects are identified from this subset. That strong asymmetries emerge even among more egalitarian households underscores the importance of gendered reporting. Methodologically, the findings show that conventional fixed effects models attenuate respondent-contingent nonlinearities, whereas double-demeaned estimators that control for both unit and time effects recover sharper and theoretically coherent patterns.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103303"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-22DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103301
Yiang Li , Jason Wong , Linda J. Waite
Life course theory describes each person's trajectory as intertwined with others, with the family serving as a key conduit through which resources and experiences, including those in childhood, are exchanged. We apply the framework of “linked long arms” that extends the linked lives perspective within intimate dyads, allowing for the early-life experiences and resources of one partner to affect both their own experiences and resources and those of their partner later in life. Using dyadic models with couple-level data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 1214 couples), we estimate how childhood disadvantage is associated with one's own and one's partner's later-life social connectedness. Results show that people carry the influence of childhood socioeconomic and family disadvantages, but not that of violence, into their family social lives many decades later. Older women who experienced disadvantage in childhood, particularly low parental education and family unhappiness, report having fewer friends and fewer confidants, less frequent socializing, and lower participation in community organizations than others. Husbands of women whose families were unhappy report fewer friends than others, but we see no other spillovers from the wife's early disadvantage to the husband's later social life. In contrast, the wives of men who experienced disadvantage in childhood, especially lower parental education, report fewer friends and less frequent formal community participation. Older adults who grew up in families that were socially, economically, or emotionally disadvantaged show diminished late-life social well-being, and often so do their spouses, with women particularly sensitive.
{"title":"Yours, mine, and ours: Childhood disadvantage and late-life social connectedness in marital dyads","authors":"Yiang Li , Jason Wong , Linda J. Waite","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103301","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103301","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Life course theory describes each person's trajectory as intertwined with others, with the family serving as a key conduit through which resources and experiences, including those in childhood, are exchanged. We apply the framework of “linked long arms” that extends the linked lives perspective within intimate dyads, allowing for the early-life experiences and resources of one partner to affect both their own experiences and resources and those of their partner later in life. Using dyadic models with couple-level data from the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 1214 couples), we estimate how childhood disadvantage is associated with one's own and one's partner's later-life social connectedness. Results show that people carry the influence of childhood socioeconomic and family disadvantages, but not that of violence, into their family social lives many decades later. Older women who experienced disadvantage in childhood, particularly low parental education and family unhappiness, report having fewer friends and fewer confidants, less frequent socializing, and lower participation in community organizations than others. Husbands of women whose families were unhappy report fewer friends than others, but we see no other spillovers from the wife's early disadvantage to the husband's later social life. In contrast, the wives of men who experienced disadvantage in childhood, especially lower parental education, report fewer friends and less frequent formal community participation. Older adults who grew up in families that were socially, economically, or emotionally disadvantaged show diminished late-life social well-being, and often so do their spouses, with women particularly sensitive.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103301"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145839596","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103297
Elena Maria Pojman, Jisu Park
Although research on housework outsourcing has expanded in recent years, most studies focus exclusively on different-sex couples, overlooking the outsourcing strategies used by same-sex couples. This study uses data from the 2003–2023 waves of the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey in combination with logistic regression and decomposition analysis to examine outsourcing differences between same- and different-sex couples. We find that same-sex couples are modestly more likely to outsource housework, with educational attainment accounting for a substantial share of this difference and couples’ total paid work hours accounting for a smaller share. Bargaining power, proxied through income parity, plays a more limited role. Notably, we find no significant outsourcing differences between same-sex male and female couples, suggesting that egalitarian values and gender attitudes shared across same-sex couples may influence housework outsourcing in ways not fully captured by our data. By broadening the analytic scope of outsourcing research to be inclusive of sexual minority couples, this study contributes to our understanding of the strategies same- and different-sex couples use to meet their work-family demands, as well as the socioeconomic conditions that determine their ability to do so.
{"title":"Buying out in same-sex and different-sex couples in the United States: Outsourcing of routine and non-routine housework tasks","authors":"Elena Maria Pojman, Jisu Park","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103297","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103297","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although research on housework outsourcing has expanded in recent years, most studies focus exclusively on different-sex couples, overlooking the outsourcing strategies used by same-sex couples. This study uses data from the 2003–2023 waves of the U.S. Consumer Expenditure Survey in combination with logistic regression and decomposition analysis to examine outsourcing differences between same- and different-sex couples. We find that same-sex couples are modestly more likely to outsource housework, with educational attainment accounting for a substantial share of this difference and couples’ total paid work hours accounting for a smaller share. Bargaining power, proxied through income parity, plays a more limited role. Notably, we find no significant outsourcing differences between same-sex male and female couples, suggesting that egalitarian values and gender attitudes shared across same-sex couples may influence housework outsourcing in ways not fully captured by our data. By broadening the analytic scope of outsourcing research to be inclusive of sexual minority couples, this study contributes to our understanding of the strategies same- and different-sex couples use to meet their work-family demands, as well as the socioeconomic conditions that determine their ability to do so.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103297"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145796956","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103277
Guillermina Jasso
This festschrift paper honors Seymour Spilerman – an early champion of probability distributions – exploring the use of probability distributions to advance knowledge in sociology, especially about inequality and related sociobehavioral phenomena. The paper begins by briefly summarizing the few necessary building blocks – the Coleman Box visualization of the sixfold classification formed by conceptualization/theory/empirics and substance/methods; personal quantitative and qualitative characteristics, including, within the quantitative set, cardinal and ordinal characteristics; inequality measures; and probability distributions. Next it turns to the titular and opening case – how probability distributions expanded the meaning of inequality from inequality between persons to inequality between subgroups, thereby undermining the case for the beneficial effects of income inequality. For while it may have been straightforward for social scientists to defend the beneficial incentive effects of inequality between persons it is a different matter entirely to defend inequality between subgroups. The paper then discusses six further applications in which probability distributions reveal new aspects of inequality and sociobehavioral phenomena, showing how inequality in ordinal characteristics differs from inequality in cardinal characteristics (for example, the Gini coefficient is constant), assessing new candidates for inequality measures (illustrating with the P90/P10 ratio and its sibling complementary quantile ratios), showing how theoretical predictions differ across different distributional families (for example, for proportions integrationist and segregationist), showing how the proportion poorest who gain from inequality reduction varies across distributional family, discerning in empirical data how people form ideas of the just job income for themselves (for example, whether they fix on a constant or a multiple or compare to everyone), and using toy distributions to highlight and contrast distributional properties – and to prepare newcomers to the knowledge quest.
{"title":"How probability distributions felled the case for the beneficial effects of income inequality: and other adventures of probability distributions on the knowledge quest","authors":"Guillermina Jasso","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103277","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103277","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This festschrift paper honors Seymour Spilerman – an early champion of probability distributions – exploring the use of probability distributions to advance knowledge in sociology, especially about inequality and related sociobehavioral phenomena. The paper begins by briefly summarizing the few necessary building blocks – the Coleman Box visualization of the sixfold classification formed by conceptualization/theory/empirics and substance/methods; personal quantitative and qualitative characteristics, including, within the quantitative set, cardinal and ordinal characteristics; inequality measures; and probability distributions. Next it turns to the titular and opening case – how probability distributions expanded the meaning of inequality from inequality between persons to inequality between subgroups, thereby undermining the case for the beneficial effects of income inequality. For while it may have been straightforward for social scientists to defend the beneficial incentive effects of inequality between persons it is a different matter entirely to defend inequality between subgroups. The paper then discusses six further applications in which probability distributions reveal new aspects of inequality and sociobehavioral phenomena, showing how inequality in ordinal characteristics differs from inequality in cardinal characteristics (for example, the Gini coefficient is constant), assessing new candidates for inequality measures (illustrating with the P90/P10 ratio and its sibling complementary quantile ratios), showing how theoretical predictions differ across different distributional families (for example, for proportions integrationist and segregationist), showing how the proportion poorest who gain from inequality reduction varies across distributional family, discerning in empirical data how people form ideas of the just job income for themselves (for example, whether they fix on a constant or a multiple or compare to everyone), and using toy distributions to highlight and contrast distributional properties – and to prepare newcomers to the knowledge quest.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103277"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145748365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103292
Vincent Oberhauser, Antonia Velicu, Heiko Rauhut
Science studies have often emphasized the “what” of misconduct while neglecting the equally important “why”. Using a sociological lens, we shed light on the mechanisms underlying scientific misconduct and contribute to theoretical debates on its causes. We propose several potential individual and structural drivers of scientific misconduct, including alienation, rational considerations, and social norms and test these hypotheses using survey data on scientists in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Unlike the majority of previous literature, we find no relationship between structural pressures in academia and misconduct. Rather, researchers who feel alienated from their work or who view misconduct as profitable, with high benefits and low costs and risks, are more likely to engage in it. Conversely, when researchers internalize norms of scientific integrity, misconduct decreases. Our results confirm the roles of rational decision-making and social norms in regulating misconduct and suggest that strengthening ethical norms could improve the state of science.
{"title":"Why social norms matter in science: Determinants of misconduct in German-speaking Europe","authors":"Vincent Oberhauser, Antonia Velicu, Heiko Rauhut","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103292","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103292","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Science studies have often emphasized the “what” of misconduct while neglecting the equally important “why”. Using a sociological lens, we shed light on the mechanisms underlying scientific misconduct and contribute to theoretical debates on its causes. We propose several potential individual and structural drivers of scientific misconduct, including alienation, rational considerations, and social norms and test these hypotheses using survey data on scientists in Germany, Austria, and Switzerland. Unlike the majority of previous literature, we find no relationship between structural pressures in academia and misconduct. Rather, researchers who feel alienated from their work or who view misconduct as profitable, with high benefits and low costs and risks, are more likely to engage in it. Conversely, when researchers internalize norms of scientific integrity, misconduct decreases. Our results confirm the roles of rational decision-making and social norms in regulating misconduct and suggest that strengthening ethical norms could improve the state of science.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103292"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693854","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103295
Rachel Kollar, Nella Geurts, Niels Spierings
The current literature shows rather diffuse results on whether and how religiosity and political participation link among European Muslims. This study argues that this might be due to counteracting mechanisms: social exclusion and origin-country ties. Correspondingly, we test whether and how these two mechanisms mediate the relationship between individual, communal and literalist dimensions of Islamic religiosity with both electoral and non-electoral forms of participation. We use a two-study approach, in which we test hypotheses on two independent Dutch datasets, and apply structural equation modelling. The findings show that overall, being more religious is related to experiencing more social exclusion and greater origin-country ties, and if anything religiosity is on average positively associated with participation. However, we only find marginal support for our expectation that experiencing more social exclusion mobilizes participation, revealing that certain types of exclusion can de-mobilize participation. Although not consistently explaining religiosity's role in political participation, we find origin-country ties to consistently mobilize participation, dispelling fears that ongoing connections with the origin-country are detrimental to Muslims' political participation.
{"title":"From Islamic religiosity to political participation. The role of social exclusion and origin-country ties","authors":"Rachel Kollar, Nella Geurts, Niels Spierings","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103295","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103295","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The current literature shows rather diffuse results on whether and how religiosity and political participation link among European Muslims. This study argues that this might be due to counteracting mechanisms: social exclusion and origin-country ties. Correspondingly, we test whether and how these two mechanisms mediate the relationship between individual, communal and literalist dimensions of Islamic religiosity with both electoral and non-electoral forms of participation. We use a two-study approach, in which we test hypotheses on two independent Dutch datasets, and apply structural equation modelling. The findings show that overall, being more religious is related to experiencing more social exclusion and greater origin-country ties, and if anything religiosity is on average positively associated with participation. However, we only find marginal support for our expectation that experiencing more social exclusion mobilizes participation, revealing that certain types of exclusion can de-mobilize participation. Although not consistently explaining religiosity's role in political participation, we find origin-country ties to consistently mobilize participation, dispelling fears that ongoing connections with the origin-country are detrimental to Muslims' political participation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103295"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145693853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-29DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103294
Irene Pañeda-Fernández , Jonne Kamphorst , Arnout van de Rijt , Balaraju Battu
A leading explanation for why in democratic societies the rich are not taxed more is that meritocratic beliefs breed tolerance for inequality. We problematize this account by claiming that, unlike the rich, the poor support greater redistribution regardless of how meritocratic they perceive society to be. The claim is tested using a cross-national survey and a preregistered experimental game that exogenized both income and perceptions of meritocratic fairness. Analysis of both survey and experimental data supports the proposed interaction effect between income and perceived meritocratic fairness on demand for redistribution. We conclude that while meritocratic beliefs can explain why the rich do not support more redistribution, it fails to explain the poor’s inequality acceptance.
{"title":"The relevance of meritocratic beliefs for redistributive preferences increases with income","authors":"Irene Pañeda-Fernández , Jonne Kamphorst , Arnout van de Rijt , Balaraju Battu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103294","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103294","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A leading explanation for why in democratic societies the rich are not taxed more is that meritocratic beliefs breed tolerance for inequality. We problematize this account by claiming that, unlike the rich, the poor support greater redistribution regardless of how meritocratic they perceive society to be. The claim is tested using a cross-national survey and a preregistered experimental game that exogenized both income and perceptions of meritocratic fairness. Analysis of both survey and experimental data supports the proposed interaction effect between income and perceived meritocratic fairness on demand for redistribution. We conclude that while meritocratic beliefs can explain why the rich do not support more redistribution, it fails to explain the poor’s inequality acceptance.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103294"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-28DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103293
Karl Vachuska, Meghann Norden-Bright
This paper investigates the relationship between neighborhood mobility patterns and political polarization in the United States, with a focus on the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections. Using everyday mobility data from SafeGraph and election results at the census block group level, we examine how neighborhood disadvantage, measured both residentially and via mobility ties, predicts shifts in support for Donald Trump. Our findings demonstrate that predominantly White neighborhoods with mobility connections to disadvantaged neighborhoods experienced increased Republican voting, while those connected to more advantaged neighborhoods saw declines in Republican support from 2012 to 2016/2020. Moreover, we find that mobility-based disadvantage constitutes a growing portion of the variation in voting patterns across multiple election cycles, indicating a durable and widening gap in political polarization. Our analysis shows that the vote gap for Republican candidates between the least and most mobility-disadvantaged White neighborhoods has expanded from a single-digit difference in 2012 to a 40 % gap in 2020. These results suggest that mobility patterns are especially strong predictors of increasing political polarization beyond the static characteristics of residential neighborhoods.
{"title":"Mobility patterns predict increasing polarization between neighborhoods","authors":"Karl Vachuska, Meghann Norden-Bright","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103293","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103293","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper investigates the relationship between neighborhood mobility patterns and political polarization in the United States, with a focus on the 2016 and 2020 presidential elections. Using everyday mobility data from SafeGraph and election results at the census block group level, we examine how neighborhood disadvantage, measured both residentially and via mobility ties, predicts shifts in support for Donald Trump. Our findings demonstrate that predominantly White neighborhoods with mobility connections to disadvantaged neighborhoods experienced increased Republican voting, while those connected to more advantaged neighborhoods saw declines in Republican support from 2012 to 2016/2020. Moreover, we find that mobility-based disadvantage constitutes a growing portion of the variation in voting patterns across multiple election cycles, indicating a durable and widening gap in political polarization. Our analysis shows that the vote gap for Republican candidates between the least and most mobility-disadvantaged White neighborhoods has expanded from a single-digit difference in 2012 to a 40 % gap in 2020. These results suggest that mobility patterns are especially strong predictors of increasing political polarization beyond the static characteristics of residential neighborhoods.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103293"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103283
Minghao Tang , Xiaogang Wu
Social closure theory posits that individuals from privileged social classes tend to exhibit more realistic attitudes and preferences in mate selection. However, less is known about how these realistic attitudes toward love (ATL) evolve after individuals engage in romantic relationships. This study examines the relationship between college students’ family background and their ATL, and how these patterns are reshaped through romantic experiences. Using data from the Beijing College Students Panel Survey (BCSPS), we find that students from advantaged background (i.e., parents with higher education and higher occupational status) are more likely to hold realistic ATL. However, this association between family socioeconomic status and realistic ATL tends to diminish among students with romantic experience. Moreover, the moderating effect of romantic experience differs by gender and is applicable to male students only. These findings suggest that romantic involvement may foster greater social inclusion by influencing attitudes toward love and marriage.
{"title":"Family background, romantic experience and college students’ realistic attitudes toward love in China","authors":"Minghao Tang , Xiaogang Wu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103283","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103283","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Social closure theory posits that individuals from privileged social classes tend to exhibit more realistic attitudes and preferences in mate selection. However, less is known about how these realistic attitudes toward love (ATL) evolve after individuals engage in romantic relationships. This study examines the relationship between college students’ family background and their ATL, and how these patterns are reshaped through romantic experiences. Using data from the Beijing College Students Panel Survey (BCSPS), we find that students from advantaged background (i.e., parents with higher education and higher occupational status) are more likely to hold realistic ATL. However, this association between family socioeconomic status and realistic ATL tends to diminish among students with romantic experience. Moreover, the moderating effect of romantic experience differs by gender and is applicable to male students only. These findings suggest that romantic involvement may foster greater social inclusion by influencing attitudes toward love and marriage.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"134 ","pages":"Article 103283"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145624810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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