Pub Date : 2025-06-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103221
Conrad Ziller, Teresa Hummler
Public discourse on immigrant integration often refers to cultural differences between immigrants and members of receiving societies, particularly immigrants from predominantly Islamic countries. This study employs a survey experiment in Germany that presents respondents with two different parenting styles, one involving physical discipline while the other one does not. We investigate differences in the acceptance of these parenting styles between Muslim and non-Muslim respondents. Muslim religious affiliation is conceptualized as a proxy for relevant explanatory mechanisms underlying group differences in attitudes toward corporal punishment. By incorporating socioeconomic, cultural, social, and political characteristics as mechanism-related explanations, we find that differences in traditional values, social trust, and internal political efficacy largely account for greater acceptance of corporal punishment among Muslim respondents. The results underline the critical relevance of integration processes and their potential for fostering the social cohesion of immigrant-receiving societies.
{"title":"Beyond religious categories: Understanding differences between Muslims and non-Muslims in accepting parenting styles involving physical discipline","authors":"Conrad Ziller, Teresa Hummler","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103221","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Public discourse on immigrant integration often refers to cultural differences between immigrants and members of receiving societies, particularly immigrants from predominantly Islamic countries. This study employs a survey experiment in Germany that presents respondents with two different parenting styles, one involving physical discipline while the other one does not. We investigate differences in the acceptance of these parenting styles between Muslim and non-Muslim respondents. Muslim religious affiliation is conceptualized as a proxy for relevant explanatory mechanisms underlying group differences in attitudes toward corporal punishment. By incorporating socioeconomic, cultural, social, and political characteristics as mechanism-related explanations, we find that differences in traditional values, social trust, and internal political efficacy largely account for greater acceptance of corporal punishment among Muslim respondents. The results underline the critical relevance of integration processes and their potential for fostering the social cohesion of immigrant-receiving societies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103221"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144472203","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-23DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103223
Aniruddha Das
Studies report bidirectional effects of subjective religiosity with perceived control. Neuroscience and systems biology literatures yield reasons to expect structure emergence in their joint dynamics. Such dispositional patterns become especially important in later life, given the unique challenges and constraints aging entails. They might, however, only manifest over long time periods. Studies have only investigated short-term patterns, leaving these extended possibilities unexamined. In the current investigation, I address the gaps. My data are from the 2006–2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, nationally representative of U.S. adults over age 50. For analysis, I use a fixed-effects cross-lagged panel model (FE-CLPM) approach. Men's results indicate that each disposition diminishes the other in the short term, indicating their alternating and possibly transient salience to personality. Long-run monotonic effects—newly detectable through FE-CLPM—are consistent with set-point change rather than mere fluctuations. Path-specific extended patterns suggest benefits of repeated noetic investments. Substantively, the two tendencies seem to form a particular temperamental career wherein agency is attributed to self or to God.
{"title":"Subjective religiosity and perceived control in later life","authors":"Aniruddha Das","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103223","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103223","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Studies report bidirectional effects of subjective religiosity with perceived control. Neuroscience and systems biology literatures yield reasons to expect structure emergence in their joint dynamics. Such dispositional patterns become especially important in later life, given the unique challenges and constraints aging entails. They might, however, only manifest over long time periods. Studies have only investigated short-term patterns, leaving these extended possibilities unexamined. In the current investigation, I address the gaps. My data are from the 2006–2018 waves of the Health and Retirement Study, nationally representative of U.S. adults over age 50. For analysis, I use a fixed-effects cross-lagged panel model (FE-CLPM) approach. Men's results indicate that each disposition diminishes the other in the short term, indicating their alternating and possibly transient salience to personality. Long-run monotonic effects—newly detectable through FE-CLPM—are consistent with set-point change rather than mere fluctuations. Path-specific extended patterns suggest benefits of repeated noetic investments. Substantively, the two tendencies seem to form a particular temperamental career wherein agency is attributed to self or to God.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103223"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144338656","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-20DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103222
Seymour Spilerman
This essay is a personal reflection on developments in the fields of stratification and collective violence over the past 60 years. For each area, I outline the themes that have been prominent at various points in time, how one theme has segued into the next, and the extent to which the choice of research topic has been a response to perceived issues confronting our society. Some suggestions are made for future research directions in each of the two fields.
{"title":"Sixty years of change in the fields of stratification and collective violence","authors":"Seymour Spilerman","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103222","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103222","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This essay is a personal reflection on developments in the fields of stratification and collective violence over the past 60 years. For each area, I outline the themes that have been prominent at various points in time, how one theme has segued into the next, and the extent to which the choice of research topic has been a response to perceived issues confronting our society. Some suggestions are made for future research directions in each of the two fields.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103222"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144322291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-19DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103205
Ariane Bertogg , Patrick Präg , Klara Raiber
As populations age and informal caregiving becomes more widespread, the health consequences of providing care are becoming a key concern for societies. Sociological theories of stress appraisal and role strain posit detrimental consequences to the health and wellbeing of caregivers. Conversely, role enhancement theory holds that caregiving can have positive health consequences. Using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) collected among adults aged 50 years or older with a follow-up period of up to 20 years (2002–23, 88,225 observations of 20,217 respondents), we examine associations between transitions into and out of caregiving, and two key health outcomes which have been understudied as consequences of caregiving, namely: allostatic load and cognitive functioning. We estimate asymmetric fixed-effects models which model changes in health outcomes as a function of transitions into and out of caregiving while accounting for unobserved between-person heterogeneity. Our results show that caregiving is associated with better cognitive health for both men and women, but not with improved biomarker-based allostatic load. Results do not differ by caregiving intensity. Our findings provide support for role enhancement theory, suggesting that caregivers benefit in terms of cognitive functioning, even if a biomarker-based approach to measuring stress-related health outcome does not corroborate an overall health benefit. We formulate implications for policy-making and directions for future research.
{"title":"Dynamics of later-life caregiving and health. Insights from biomarker data and cognitive tests","authors":"Ariane Bertogg , Patrick Präg , Klara Raiber","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103205","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103205","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>As populations age and informal caregiving becomes more widespread, the health consequences of providing care are becoming a key concern for societies. Sociological theories of stress appraisal and role strain posit detrimental consequences to the health and wellbeing of caregivers. Conversely, role enhancement theory holds that caregiving can have positive health consequences. Using data from the English Longitudinal Study of Aging (ELSA) collected among adults aged 50 years or older with a follow-up period of up to 20 years (2002–23, 88,225 observations of 20,217 respondents), we examine associations between transitions into and out of caregiving, and two key health outcomes which have been understudied as consequences of caregiving, namely: allostatic load and cognitive functioning. We estimate asymmetric fixed-effects models which model changes in health outcomes as a function of transitions into and out of caregiving while accounting for unobserved between-person heterogeneity. Our results show that caregiving is associated with better cognitive health for both men and women, but not with improved biomarker-based allostatic load. Results do not differ by caregiving intensity. Our findings provide support for role enhancement theory, suggesting that caregivers benefit in terms of cognitive functioning, even if a biomarker-based approach to measuring stress-related health outcome does not corroborate an overall health benefit. We formulate implications for policy-making and directions for future research.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103205"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144312562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-06-02DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103213
Shuang Yu , Manfei Yang , Yinhe Liang
This paper explores the effect of clan culture on multidimensional poverty among older adults. To address potential endogeneity issues, this paper uses the minimum distance between each city and two well-known academies from the Song Dynasty as an instrumental variable for clan culture. The findings reveal that clan culture significantly reduces the incidence of multidimensional poverty among older adults. The primary mechanisms driving this effect include increased intergenerational support and strengthened kinship support. The results of sensitivity analyses indicate that these findings are robust. The impact of clan culture on poverty reduction is observed to be more pronounced among older adults in rural areas, men, younger cohorts, and ethnic minorities. Dose‒response analysis indicates that the stronger the clan culture in a region is, the greater its impact on older adults. These findings suggest that clan culture, as an informal institution, plays a vital role in alleviating multidimensional poverty and enhancing the well-being of older adults.
{"title":"The effects of clan culture on multidimensional poverty of older adults in China","authors":"Shuang Yu , Manfei Yang , Yinhe Liang","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103213","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This paper explores the effect of clan culture on multidimensional poverty among older adults. To address potential endogeneity issues, this paper uses the minimum distance between each city and two well-known academies from the Song Dynasty as an instrumental variable for clan culture. The findings reveal that clan culture significantly reduces the incidence of multidimensional poverty among older adults. The primary mechanisms driving this effect include increased intergenerational support and strengthened kinship support. The results of sensitivity analyses indicate that these findings are robust. The impact of clan culture on poverty reduction is observed to be more pronounced among older adults in rural areas, men, younger cohorts, and ethnic minorities. Dose‒response analysis indicates that the stronger the clan culture in a region is, the greater its impact on older adults. These findings suggest that clan culture, as an informal institution, plays a vital role in alleviating multidimensional poverty and enhancing the well-being of older adults.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103213"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-06-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144195455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-31DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103214
Andrew Francis-Tan, Adam Y. Liu
How does great power competition affect domestic affairs? This paper investigates the effect of the perceived threat of China on Americans’ attitudes toward Asian Americans. To do so, we conducted three survey experiments. Participants engaged with vignettes that manipulated different aspects of the China threat. Then they evaluated a diverse set of fictitious Americans applying for a job in the U.S. The experiments yielded several insights. The vignettes related to Chinese domestic policy had no impact on the evaluation of the target groups. However, the vignette about Chinese espionage caused participants to give Chinese Americans lower ratings when the job was marketing analyst (experiment 1) and IT specialist (experiment 2). That vignette also caused participants to give Russian Americans, but not other Asian Americans, lower ratings as well. However, on average, participants did not rate the target groups any differently when the job was American history teacher (experiment 3). The vignette about economic competition between China and the U.S. mostly had insignificant effects. Together, the findings show that discrimination is present but limited in size and scope.
{"title":"Red scare: How do negative perceptions of China impact Americans’ attitudes toward Asian Americans?","authors":"Andrew Francis-Tan, Adam Y. Liu","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103214","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>How does great power competition affect domestic affairs? This paper investigates the effect of the perceived threat of China on Americans’ attitudes toward Asian Americans. To do so, we conducted three survey experiments. Participants engaged with vignettes that manipulated different aspects of the China threat. Then they evaluated a diverse set of fictitious Americans applying for a job in the U.S. The experiments yielded several insights. The vignettes related to Chinese domestic policy had no impact on the evaluation of the target groups. However, the vignette about Chinese espionage caused participants to give Chinese Americans lower ratings when the job was marketing analyst (experiment 1) and IT specialist (experiment 2). That vignette also caused participants to give Russian Americans, but not other Asian Americans, lower ratings as well. However, on average, participants did not rate the target groups any differently when the job was American history teacher (experiment 3). The vignette about economic competition between China and the U.S. mostly had insignificant effects. Together, the findings show that discrimination is present but limited in size and scope.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"131 ","pages":"Article 103214"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144185374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-30DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103208
Jiayin Hu , Bing Han
Extensive research on multiracial churches highlights the predominance of White individuals in leadership roles. However, little is known about how leadership suitability is perceived in such multiracial contexts. This study employs a factorial conjoint survey experiment with 737 participants to investigate how participants' race/ethnicity, leadership candidates' race/ethnicity, and the racial/ethnic composition of churches influence perceived leadership suitability. The findings of this study provide evidence for multi-dimensional in-group favoritism, encompassing both personal in-group favoritism and group-oriented favoritism. Specifically, when these two types of favoritism compete, Black and Latino participants exhibit stronger personal in-group favoritism, favoring candidates from their own racial/ethnic groups. In contrast, White and Asian participants demonstrate stronger group-oriented favoritism, favoring candidates whose race/ethnicity aligns with the church's majority racial/ethnic composition. Additionally, this study identifies patterns of cross-minority solidarity among racial minority groups. While individuals generally favor candidates from their own racial groups, this preference is complemented by a broader tendency to support candidates from other racial minority groups over White candidates. Findings in this study do not support White privilege and superiority assumptions in leadership roles within multiracial church settings. Overall, this study underscores the interaction between personal identity and group dynamics in shaping perceptions of leadership, highlighting the multifaceted ways in which individual racial/ethnic identity and group racial/ethnic demographics influence perceptions of leadership suitability.
{"title":"Race and leadership suitability in multiracial churches: An experimental exploration","authors":"Jiayin Hu , Bing Han","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103208","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103208","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Extensive research on multiracial churches highlights the predominance of White individuals in leadership roles. However, little is known about how leadership suitability is perceived in such multiracial contexts. This study employs a factorial conjoint survey experiment with 737 participants to investigate how participants' race/ethnicity, leadership candidates' race/ethnicity, and the racial/ethnic composition of churches influence perceived leadership suitability. The findings of this study provide evidence for multi-dimensional in-group favoritism, encompassing both personal in-group favoritism and group-oriented favoritism. Specifically, when these two types of favoritism compete, Black and Latino participants exhibit stronger personal in-group favoritism, favoring candidates from their own racial/ethnic groups. In contrast, White and Asian participants demonstrate stronger group-oriented favoritism, favoring candidates whose race/ethnicity aligns with the church's majority racial/ethnic composition. Additionally, this study identifies patterns of cross-minority solidarity among racial minority groups. While individuals generally favor candidates from their own racial groups, this preference is complemented by a broader tendency to support candidates from other racial minority groups over White candidates. Findings in this study do not support White privilege and superiority assumptions in leadership roles within multiracial church settings. Overall, this study underscores the interaction between personal identity and group dynamics in shaping perceptions of leadership, highlighting the multifaceted ways in which individual racial/ethnic identity and group racial/ethnic demographics influence perceptions of leadership suitability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103208"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144167224","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103204
Yuyao Liu, Eric Fong
Background
Understanding the attitudes of immigrants toward local immigration (i.e., immigration in their host societies) is increasingly important in the context of rising international migration and naturalized immigrants. However, little is known about how immigrants view local immigration, especially across societies with different cultures and naturalization requirements.
Objective
This research examines two questions: 1) whether immigrants with and without host-society citizenship view local immigration differently across Western and non-Western societies, and 2) how the potential attitudinal differences between naturalized and non-naturalized immigrants vary across societies with different cultures and naturalization requirements.
Methods
Drawing from World Values Survey data (WVS7, 2017–2022), this study analyzes how naturalized immigrants and non-naturalized immigrants from 21 societies accommodating around 40 % of the world's international migrants view local immigration.
Results
Results indicate that naturalized immigrants exhibit less favorable attitudes toward local immigration than their non-naturalized counterparts, particularly in societies with collectivistic cultures or stringent naturalization processes or without language requirements.
Conclusions
The host-society citizenship is associated with less favorable attitudes toward local immigration. Access to naturalization and its requirements are associated with local immigration attitudes, which can potentially shape the integration environment and overall social cohesion in the host society.
Contribution
The study goes beyond the conventional native-versus-immigrants attitudes in Western contexts and explores the important yet underexplored attitudinal outcomes of naturalization. It analyzes the moderating impacts of the host-society culture and naturalization criteria and combines a multilevel analysis with a coarsened exact matching and machine-learning approach, offering valuable insights for future studies and integration strategies.
{"title":"Citizenship status and requirement, culture and immigrants’ attitudes toward local immigration: A study of 21 western and non-western societies","authors":"Yuyao Liu, Eric Fong","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103204","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103204","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Understanding the attitudes of immigrants toward local immigration (i.e., immigration in their host societies) is increasingly important in the context of rising international migration and naturalized immigrants. However, little is known about how immigrants view local immigration, especially across societies with different cultures and naturalization requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This research examines two questions: 1) whether immigrants with and without host-society citizenship view local immigration differently across Western and non-Western societies, and 2) how the potential attitudinal differences between naturalized and non-naturalized immigrants vary across societies with different cultures and naturalization requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Drawing from World Values Survey data (WVS7, 2017–2022), this study analyzes how naturalized immigrants and non-naturalized immigrants from 21 societies accommodating around 40 % of the world's international migrants view local immigration.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Results indicate that naturalized immigrants exhibit less favorable attitudes toward local immigration than their non-naturalized counterparts, particularly in societies with collectivistic cultures or stringent naturalization processes or without language requirements.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The host-society citizenship is associated with less favorable attitudes toward local immigration. Access to naturalization and its requirements are associated with local immigration attitudes, which can potentially shape the integration environment and overall social cohesion in the host society.</div></div><div><h3>Contribution</h3><div>The study goes beyond the conventional native-versus-immigrants attitudes in Western contexts and explores the important yet underexplored attitudinal outcomes of naturalization. It analyzes the moderating impacts of the host-society culture and naturalization criteria and combines a multilevel analysis with a coarsened exact matching and machine-learning approach, offering valuable insights for future studies and integration strategies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103204"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144123157","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-05-24DOI: 10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103209
Aniruddha Das
Religious oppression is often jointly present with worse economic outcomes, in both current and historical contexts. Direction of influence has been unclear. In this study, I used a 550-year dataset to examine dynamic linkages between real wages and the frequency of witch trials in early-modern Europe. To investigate causal effects rather than simply prospective probabilistic connections, I used a state-space reconstruction approach from the natural sciences. Results confirmed causation in both directions. Negative effects of more witch trials on average incomes were significantly stronger than the inverse negative flow. Religious oppression, then, could be more of a cause of worse economic conditions than an outcome. If findings apply to other contexts, they may shed new light on potential oppression-poverty spirals.
{"title":"Witch trials and wages in early-modern Europe: A state-space reconstruction study","authors":"Aniruddha Das","doi":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103209","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ssresearch.2025.103209","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Religious oppression is often jointly present with worse economic outcomes, in both current and historical contexts. Direction of influence has been unclear. In this study, I used a 550-year dataset to examine dynamic linkages between real wages and the frequency of witch trials in early-modern Europe. To investigate causal effects rather than simply prospective probabilistic connections, I used a state-space reconstruction approach from the natural sciences. Results confirmed causation in both directions. Negative effects of more witch trials on average incomes were significantly stronger than the inverse negative flow. Religious oppression, then, could be more of a cause of worse economic conditions than an outcome. If findings apply to other contexts, they may shed new light on potential oppression-poverty spirals.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48338,"journal":{"name":"Social Science Research","volume":"130 ","pages":"Article 103209"},"PeriodicalIF":3.2,"publicationDate":"2025-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"144131451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"社会学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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