Transport Policy最新文献_第2页

Do integrated mobility services have a future? The neglected role of non-mobility service providers: Challenges, and opportunities to extract sustainable transport outcomes

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.029

David A. Hensher, John D. Nelson

For the last twenty years we have seen exponential growth in interest in developing ways in which we can offer to the market a unified multi-modal ecosystem that is so appealing that individuals would abandon their traditional ways of making travel choices. The new ways are guided by offers through a digital platform either through pay as you go or a subscription to a package that aligns with more sustainable travel behaviour activity. Branded as Mobility as a Service (MaaS), we have to date seen little success despite the continuing euphoria in many settings. This paper is the result of a significant amount of research and practice designed to find ways to give MaaS a chance in the market, reflecting on what we see as the key features of any future MaaS aspiration in respect of having a scalable impact on changing traveller behaviour that is aligned with sustainability goals and resulting in a viable business case with or without government subsidy. A particular focus is a recognition of the role that non-mobility service providers (NMSPs) can play in extending the stakeholder set that may well give MaaS a scalable future. Which we evidence from the findings of in-depth interviews with senior staff in a number of NMSP businesses. We also suggest that the generalisation away from multi-modality to multi-service supported by rewards and incentives that benefit non-transport providers, is likely to reveal a continuing role for uni-modal solutions that can also align well with a MaaS eco-system.

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引用次数: 0

Highway infrastructure and economic development: Measuring causal impacts of infrastructure investments using a three-step instrumental variable identification strategy

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-21 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.019

Victor Medeiros, Rafael S.M. Ribeiro, Pedro V.M. Amaral, Alexandre Q. Stein

This paper provides an original third-step identification strategy using instrumental variables to evaluate the causal impact of highway investments on the local economy. First, we construct a novel national highway dataset at the municipal level in Brazil using the Growth Acceleration Program (PAC) (2007–2018) as a case study. Second, we rely on some of the main infrastructure project costs to propose several cost-related instruments to correct for measurement errors in the road variables. Third, we circumvent the omitted variable bias from the non-random placement of roads by building instruments based on global cost minimization methods, historical plans, and the propensity of a municipality to receive highway interventions. Our identification strategy allows us to identify relevant biases coming from both measurement error and omitted variables. Our preferred estimates point out a reliable road elasticity in the range of 0.011–0.017. From this, we calculate a non-biased return rate to highway infrastructure of 21.3% in Brazil, proving the high rentability of those investments in the developing world context.

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引用次数: 0

Bidding behavior on international airline routes: Exploring passenger psychology and strategies

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-19 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.028

Chung-Wei Kuo , Rong-Chang Jou , Yi-Chun Chiu

This study examined "seat bidding" services that represent a distinctive method for upgrading airline seats. Such upgrade opportunities were traditionally reserved for VIP members with significant accumulated mileage or provided in cases of overbooking. In contrast, seat bidding enables airlines to offer unsold premium cabin seats (e.g., business class or premium economy) to passengers who have already purchased economy or premium economy tickets. This is done through a bidding competition that takes place before takeoff. The two formats for bidding include single and multiple bids, which permit bid amount modifications within specific time frames. This study simulated bidding scenarios by creating static (single bid) and dynamic (multiple bids) environments. Using the IHS Double-Hurdle model for estimation, the study seeks to understand respondents' willingness to pay and intentions to participate in seat bidding. The findings indicate that five variables—travel purpose, minimum bid price, price difference, economy class price, and premium cabin price—affected the respondents' decisions to participate in seat bidding. Notably, the three price-related variables (minimum bid price, price difference, and economy class price) illustrate that price was the primary factor affecting respondents’ consideration of this marketing activity.

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引用次数: 0

Governing mobility hubs in the sustainable urban mobility transition: Dynamics of stability and change

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-18 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.026

Julia Hansel

Multimodality describes the combination of several transport modes and plays an essential role in the transition to sustainable urban mobility. Mobility hubs are physical locations where people change modes of transport and, therefore, bring forth multi-actor and multi-level governance arrangements. Mobility hubs are also a means to tackle the (re-)distribution of urban space and prioritization of environmentally friendly modes of transport. Nevertheless, research on sustainable mobility has identified an implementation gap in the sector. To date, academic literature on mobility hubs and multimodality has predominantly focused on design and user needs, integration into urban space, and environmental impact. In contrast, this article asks how the governance framework affects the implementation of mobility hub networks. The theoretical approach combines an analysis of governance arrangements with literature on smart mobility governance. This multifaceted analytical framework facilitates the examination of various dimensions and dynamics of the governance arrangements behind mobility hubs. Based on a qualitative content analysis of local policy documents and 12 semi-structured expert interviews with local and regional stakeholders, this study analyzes two case studies, in Munich and Vienna. The analysis reveals fragmented multi-level and multi-actor governance arrangements that require complex coordination processes and experimental governance. Parking management and shared mobility regulation are powerful municipal instruments for shaping mobility policies and installing mobility hubs. However, the dominant normative ideas of automobility and neoliberal logic of scarcity and behavioral change are hindering the pursuit of more ambitious changes in urban infrastructure. Mobility hubs can only fulfill their potential to add and connect mobility services if they simultaneously tackle the predominance of automobility.

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引用次数: 0

Modeling the influence of built environment on pedestrian perceptions in colombian cities

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.024

María F. Paba-Larios , Margareth Gutiérrez , Raúl Ramos , Víctor Cantillo

Walking is a cornerstone of urban mobility in Latin America. Therefore, policies that improve pedestrians' perception of the built environment are crucial for policymakers and researchers alike. This paper investigates the influence of built environment factors on perceptions of safety and comfort, as well as pedestrians' preferences for sidewalk characteristics in two Colombian cities: Barranquilla and Santa Marta. For this purpose, we designed a novel survey that combines a choice experiment using real images of residential and commercial areas with a set of perception indicators to estimate hybrid choice models. The study's findings have significant practical implications for urban planning and policy development. In the commercial sector, sidewalk width is the most relevant attribute, followed by obstacles and, to a lesser extent, the presence of pedestrians. In residential sectors, the attractiveness of the environment, the presence of pedestrians, the condition of the sidewalk, and the existence of obstacles are highly relevant in explaining pedestrian demand behavior. The hybrid model indicates that sidewalk width and the presence of obstacles impact the perception of comfort and safety in both sectors. On the other hand, the presence of pedestrians has a positive effect on safety but a negative effect on comfort. These results show that physical attributes of the built environment influence pedestrian perceptions. Improvements in pedestrian infrastructure and the building environment are necessary to encourage walking as an active mode of transportation. They include promoting mixed land use, widening sidewalks, removing obstacles, and maintaining them to ensure continuity and good condition.

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引用次数: 0

Passenger arrival patterns and its implications for bus operation: The impact of schedule reading behavior on average waiting times at bus stops

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-17 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.021

Dongxu Chen , Jie He , Sitong Lin , Zhongzhen Yang

Inaccuracies in measuring passenger waiting times at bus stops can lead to significant inefficiencies in optimizing bus operation schemes. To address this issue, this paper introduces a refined methodology aimed at accurately representing passenger waiting times and estimating the distributions of passenger arrival patterns at bus stops, with a focus on low-frequency suburban buses, considering their schedule-reading behaviors. First, we conducted stated preference (SP) and revealed preference (RP) surveys to capture the factors affecting passengers’ arrival behaviors, revealing that bus vehicle headway and bus arrival punctuality (quantified as the standard deviation of arrival time deviations, SD-BATD) significantly influence passenger behavior. Second, we developed models to assess the proportions of schedule-reading passengers (SR-passengers) and their average waiting time (AWT) as well as standard deviation (SD-WT). By treating AWT and SD-WT as independent variables, we then characterized the arrival patterns of both SR-passengers and schedule-neglecting passengers (SN-passengers) using maximum extreme value and uniform distributions, respectively. Additionally, we conducted numerical experiments on bus headway optimization to validate the operational implications of the proposed model for bus services. The results demonstrate that the AWT model significantly reduces bus operation costs by up to 15.7% compared to the traditional assumption that AWT = 1/2 headway. This effect is particularly pronounced for routes characterized by lower demand and higher speeds, which are typical of low-frequency suburban buses. Furthermore, this paper highlights the importance of accurately estimating the passenger waiting times considering passenger schedule-reading behavior in optimizing bus services.

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引用次数: 0

Can the opening of high-speed rail (HSR) stimulate residents' consumption? --An interpretation based on the clustering effect of innovation factors

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.015

Qing Zhang, Zeyi Li, Yufeng Pang

The high-speed rail (HSR) unites various cities, potentially expanding the production and consumption scale, and improving the efficiency of supply and demand adaptation while fostering increased consumption in local areas. This study investigates the effect of HSR on residents' consumption using data from 260 prefecture-level Chinese cities spanning 2005 to 2021 and discovers the underlying mechanisms through the perspective of innovation factor agglomeration. The findings revealed that the HSR enhanced the clustering of regional innovation factors, thereby stimulating consumption through mechanisms including job conception and product innovation. Further analysis explored that the agglomeration of capital, talent, and data innovation factors driven by HSR development exerted varying degrees of influence on boosting consumption. Furthermore, based on city type and grade, the effect of the HSR on residents' consumption displayed heterogeneity. The findings of the current study carry significant policy implications, suggesting the requirement for tailored planning of HSR development that considers city types and the unique characteristics of various elements, thereby prompting the potential energy of innovation factor agglomeration.

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引用次数: 0

Last mile urban freight delivery: A new system based on platoons of automated vehicles

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.023

Marino Lupi, Daniele Conte, Alessandro Farina

In this paper, a new transport system for city logistics, based on automated vehicles, is presented. This system aims to address the UDC localization problem. Deliveries are performed by platoons of electric and automated vehicles in which the leading one is driven while the others move driverless. Each platoon travels from the Urban Distribution Centre (UDC) to a specific place on the border of the city centre, named Split Up Location (SUL), where the platoon is divided. Then each vehicle, except the leading one, carries out the last mile deliveries in an automated way. During this time, the driver can relocate where required. After finishing deliveries, vehicles come back to the same SUL and reassemble in a platoon, then the platoon comes back to the UDC. The system design has been addressed as a two-echelon Vehicle Routing Problem with satellites, where SULs play the role of satellites and the UDC plays the role of the depot. Thanks to the fact that SULs have a fixed position, they are located in strategic positions of the urban area, it has been possible to simplify this problem and sub-divide it into two sub-problems: a minimum path problem from the UDC to SULs, and a multi-depot CVRP (Capacitated Vehicle Routing Problems) from SULs to receivers, where SULs play the role of depots. A simulator modelizes the activities of each platoon, each vehicle and each driver and it allows to evaluate, dynamically, the number of vehicles required to operate the system and the timetable of driver activities. The proposed transport system provides significant savings in terms of: energy consumption, CO₂ and PM₁₀ emissions, and costs. These savings are also due to the UDC utilization that allows a strong reduction in the number of delivery trips, thanks to a reorganization of packages in order to increase the vehicle load factor. However UDCs still record a low usage: as a result, policies of public administrations should be oriented to improve the UDC utilization.

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引用次数: 0

Navigating through and beyond the COVID-19 crisis: Evaluating the resilience of Chinese international air freighter networks

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.022

Yu Deng , Yahua Zhang , Kun Wang , Yulu He

The COVID-19 pandemic significantly affected the global air transport industry, but it also provided a business opportunity for the air freight sector. Many countries, including China, increased the use of all-cargo flights to compensate for the loss of belly capacity. This paper provides a deeper understanding of the Chinese international scheduled freighter network (CISFN) during and post-COVID-19. The results show that the CISFN adapted rapidly to the increasing air cargo volume and continued to expand. The focus of the network expansion has been on developing the hub-and-spoke (H&S) system, which is the most efficient model for accommodating the increase in dedicated cargo demand, rather than establishing point-to-point routes among existing communities. The densification of the H&S system provided more alternatives for the hub cities, and consequently the robustness of the system has improved. Government policies have played a crucial role in shaping China's dedicated air cargo networks. The introduction of some key policies has boosted cargo airline expansion and enhanced the resilience of this sector during the pandemic. However, the network remained vulnerable to disruptions, particularly at some key hubs.

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引用次数: 0

How does bike-sharing enable (or not) resilient cities, communities, and individuals? Conceptualising transport resilience from the socio-ecological and multi-level perspective

IF 6.3 2区工程技术 Q1 ECONOMICS

Transport Policy

Pub Date : 2025-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.tranpol.2025.01.020

Tommy H.Y. Chan

Bicycles play a crucial role in promoting resilient urban mobility, yet current approaches often focus primarily on engineering resilience, emphasising short-term resistance, adaptability, and recovery from disruptions. This perspective tends to overlook the equally important social dynamics and institutional factors. Socio-ecological resilience theory fills this gap by viewing disruptions as opportunities for renewal, innovation, and transformation, recognising that systems operate in dynamic, non-equilibrium states where change is inevitable and unpredictable. However, its application in transport studies has been limited due to the complexity of empirical implementation. This paper utilises the Multi-Level Perspective (MLP) to offer a framework for understanding transport systems as complex socio-technical networks—encompassing artifacts, infrastructure, human actors, regulations, and cultural meanings. MLP's nested, layered ontology helps conceptualise the complexity and evolution of transport systems. Using Hong Kong's dockless bike-sharing system during the social movements and pandemic, this study explores how individual, community, and organisational resilience interact across scales. It shows how institutions both shape and are shaped by human agency, with interpretive flexibility allowing individuals to adapt institutional rules to personal contexts. The structuration of parking practices—shaped by voluntary digital communities managing bike parking and formalised through organisational and regulatory frameworks—illustrates how multi-level resilience arises through interactions among diverse actors, rather than from the mere accumulation of individual actions. While higher degrees of structuration, shaped by the scale of fields and number of actors reproducing them, foster stability, they can also perpetuate social exclusion, highlighting the need for equitable policies that balance individual responsibility with inclusive institutional strategies.

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引用次数: 0