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Review of “Good News for Common Goods: Multicultural Evangelicalism and Ethical Democracy in America” 《共同利益的好消息:美国的多元文化福音主义与伦理民主》述评
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-10-02 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad115
Richard L Wood
Journal Article Review of “Good News for Common Goods: Multicultural Evangelicalism and Ethical Democracy in America” Get access Review of “Good News for Common Goods: Multicultural Evangelicalism and Ethical Democracy in America” By Wes Markofski Oxford University Press, 2023. 406 pages. $125.00 (hardcover), $34.95 (paperback), https://global.oup.com/academic/product/good-news-for-common-goods-9780197659694?cc=us&lang=en& Richard L Wood Richard L Wood Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, soad115, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad115 Published: 02 October 2023 Article history Received: 27 August 2023 Accepted: 05 September 2023 Published: 02 October 2023
《共同利益的好消息:美国的多元文化福音主义和伦理民主》的期刊文章评论,参见《共同利益的好消息:美国的多元文化福音主义和伦理民主》的评论,作者Wes Markofski,牛津大学出版社,2023。406页。125.00美元(精装本),34.95美元(平装本),https://global.oup.com/academic/product/good-news-for-common-goods-9780197659694?cc=us&lang=en&理查德·L·伍德理查德·L·伍德搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者社会力量,soad115, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad115出版日期:2023年10月2日文章历史收稿日期:2023年8月27日接收日期:2023年9月05日出版日期:2023年10月2日
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引用次数: 0
The Meaning of Merit: Talent versus Hard Work Legitimacy 优点的意义:天赋与努力的合法性
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad131
Sam Friedman, Christoph Ellersgaard, Aaron Reeves, Anton Grau Larsen
Abstract Elites often use merit to explain, justify, and make sense of their advantaged positions. But what exactly do they mean by this? In this paper, we draw on 71 interviews with elites in Denmark and the UK to compare self-justifications of meritocratic legitimacy. Our results indicate that while elites in both countries are united by a common concern to frame their merits as spontaneously recognized by others (rather than strategically promoted by themselves), the package of attributes they foreground vary significantly. In the UK, elites tend to be “talent meritocrats” who foreground their unique capacity for ideational creativity or risk taking, innately good judgment, and “natural” aptitude, intelligence, or academic ability. In contrast, in Denmark, elites are more likely to be “hard work meritocrats” who emphasize their unusual work ethic, extensive experience (as a signal of accumulated hard work), and contributions outside of work, particularly in civil society. We tentatively argue that one explanation for this cross-national variation is the role that different channels of elite recruitment play in amplifying legitimate notions of merit. In the UK, for example, elite private schools act to nurture ideas of exceptionalism and natural talent, whereas in Denmark elite employers socialize the connection between hard work and success. These findings suggest that nationally specific understandings of merit can have quite different implications for the legitimation of inequality.
精英们经常用功绩来解释、证明和理解他们的优势地位。但他们这么说是什么意思呢?在本文中,我们对丹麦和英国的71位精英进行了采访,比较了精英统治合法性的自我辩护。我们的研究结果表明,虽然两国的精英们都有一个共同的关注,即将自己的优点描述为他人自发认可的(而不是自己战略性地提升的),但他们所强调的一系列属性却大相径庭。在英国,精英往往是“人才精英”,他们突出自己独特的创意或冒险能力,天生的良好判断力,以及“天生”的才能、智力或学术能力。相比之下,在丹麦,精英更可能是“努力工作的精英”,他们强调自己不同寻常的职业道德、丰富的经验(作为积累努力工作的信号)以及工作之外的贡献,特别是在公民社会。我们暂时认为,对这种跨国差异的一种解释是,不同的精英招聘渠道在放大合理的价值观念方面发挥了作用。例如,在英国,精英私立学校的作用是培养例外主义和天赋的思想,而在丹麦,精英雇主将努力工作与成功之间的联系社会化。这些发现表明,国家对优点的具体理解可能会对不平等的合法性产生截然不同的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Internal Displacement and Subjective Well-Being: The Case of Ukraine in 2018 内部流离失所与主观幸福感:2018年乌克兰的案例
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad124
Brienna Perelli-Harris, Jane Zavisca, Nataliia Levchuk, Theodore P Gerber
Abstract Ukraine is currently experiencing the largest human displacement crisis in the world. However, armed conflict that started in 2014 had already displaced nearly 1.8 million people in Ukraine, resulting in the largest internally displaced population in Europe. Although ethnically and culturally similar to the local population, Ukrainian Internally Displaced Persons (IDPs) encounter severe economic, housing, and social challenges, as well as residual trauma from violence. In this study we examine the extent to which the subjective well-being (SWB) of IDPs differs from locals who were not displaced. We explore whether the difference in subjective well-being between IDPs and locals is due to economic hardship, inadequate housing, and/or weak social support. Using a unique survey conducted in 2018 and OLS regression methods, we find a sizable gap in SWB between IDPs and locals. The gap shrinks after accounting for economic and housing status, and support from local networks. Measures of loss in housing and social networks additionally account for the gap. However, none of the factors we measure can account for the difference between locals and IDPs who reported only leaving due to violence, pointing to the enduring impact of trauma on SWB.
乌克兰目前正经历着世界上最大的人口流离失所危机。然而,2014年开始的武装冲突已经使乌克兰近180万人流离失所,成为欧洲境内流离失所人口最多的国家。尽管在种族和文化上与当地人口相似,乌克兰国内流离失所者(IDPs)遇到了严重的经济、住房和社会挑战,以及暴力的残余创伤。在本研究中,我们考察了国内流离失所者的主观幸福感(SWB)与未流离失所的当地人的差异程度。我们探讨了国内流离失所者和当地人之间主观幸福感的差异是否由于经济困难、住房不足和/或社会支持薄弱。利用2018年进行的一项独特调查和OLS回归方法,我们发现国内流离失所者与当地人之间的SWB存在相当大的差距。考虑到经济和住房状况以及当地网络的支持,这一差距缩小了。住房损失和社会网络损失也解释了这一差距。然而,我们测量的所有因素都无法解释当地人和国内流离失所者之间的差异,这些人报告只是由于暴力而离开,这表明创伤对SWB的持久影响。
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引用次数: 0
Review of “Equal Partners? How Dual-Professional Couples Make Career, Relationship, and Family Decisions” 《平等伙伴?》双职工夫妇如何做出事业、关系和家庭的决定
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad121
Pamela J Smock
Journal Article Review of “Equal Partners? How Dual-Professional Couples Make Career, Relationship, and Family Decisions” Get access Review of “Equal Partners? How Dual-Professional Couples Make Career, Relationship, and Family Decisions” By Jaclyn S. Wong University of California Press, 2023. 208 pages. Prices: $85.00 (hardcover); $29.95 (paperback). https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520384576/equal-partners. Pamela J Smock Pamela J Smock Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, soad121, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad121 Published: 30 September 2023 Article history Received: 25 July 2023 Accepted: 04 September 2023 Published: 30 September 2023
《平等伙伴?》双职工夫妻如何做出事业、关系和家庭的决定?《双职工夫妻如何做出事业、关系和家庭决定》,贾克琳·s·王著,加州大学出版社,2023年。208页。价格:$85.00(精装);29.95美元(平装)。https://www.ucpress.edu/book/9780520384576/equal-partners。Pamela J Smock Pamela J Smock搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者社会力量,soad121, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad121发布时间:2023年9月30日文章历史接收时间:2023年7月25日接收时间:2023年9月4日发布时间:2023年9月30日
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引用次数: 0
Hispanic Men’s Earnings Mobility Across Immigrant Generations: Estimates Using Tax Records 跨代移民的西班牙裔男性收入流动性:使用税收记录的估计
IF 4.8 1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad128
Andrés Villarreal, Christopher R Tamborini
Whether immigrants and their descendants are catching up socioeconomically with the rest of society is a fundamental question in the study of immigrant assimilation. In this paper, we examine the progress that Hispanic immigrant men make catching up with the earnings of later-generation Whites across generations. We rely on data from multiple years of the Current Population Survey linked with individuals’ tax earnings. This unique dataset allows us to overcome some important limitations of previous studies that employ a synthetic generation approach in which individuals born approximately one generation earlier are used as proxies for actual parents. Our matching strategy also enables us to identify the exact third generation and evaluate the contribution of ethnic attrition to estimates of intergenerational mobility. Second-generation Hispanic men are found to experience lower mobility than later-generation Whites for most values of parental earnings. However, their lower mobility can be explained by their immigrant parents’ lower education levels. In contrast, third-generation Hispanic men experience lower mobility even after accounting for parental education and ethnic attrition. This finding is consistent with a stalling or reversal in the socioeconomic progress of Hispanics beyond the second generation.
移民及其后代是否在社会经济上赶上社会其他人,是移民同化研究中的一个基本问题。在本文中,我们研究了西班牙裔男性移民在几代人之间追赶后辈白人收入的进展。我们依据的是多年来与个人税收收入相关的当前人口调查数据。这个独特的数据集使我们能够克服以前研究的一些重要局限性,这些研究采用合成代方法,即用大约早一代出生的个体作为实际父母的代理。我们的匹配策略也使我们能够确定确切的第三代,并评估种族流失对估计代际流动的贡献。研究发现,在父母收入的大多数价值方面,第二代西班牙裔男性的流动性低于后一代白人。然而,他们较低的流动性可以用移民父母较低的教育水平来解释。相比之下,第三代西班牙裔男性的流动性较低,即使考虑到父母的教育程度和种族流失。这一发现与拉美裔第二代之后社会经济进步的停滞或逆转是一致的。
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引用次数: 0
Mental Health across the Early Life Course at the Intersection of Race, Skin Tone, and School Racial Context 种族、肤色和学校种族背景交叉影响下的早期生命历程中的心理健康
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad126
Taylor W Hargrove
Abstract Prior research documents higher levels of depressive symptoms among Black Americans relative to Whites. Yet, we know less about the role of other dimensions of stratification (e.g., skin tone) in shaping mental health inequality between Black and White adults, and whether mental health trajectories by race and skin tone among Black adults are contingent upon social contexts in childhood and adolescence. To address these gaps, this study asks: (1) to what extent do self-identified race and interviewer-rated skin tone among Black respondents shape inequalities in depressive symptoms between Black and White Americans across ages 12–42? (2) Are trajectories of depressive symptoms by race and skin tone among Black respondents contingent on school racial contexts (e.g., school racial composition)? Using five waves of data from the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health and growth curve models, results suggest trajectories of depressive symptoms across ages 12–42 vary by race, school racial context, and skin tone among Black respondents. Specifically, Black students rated as having very dark, dark, and medium brown skin who attended high proportion Black schools in adolescence experienced lower levels of depressive symptoms than their White and light-skinned Black counterparts, particularly across the teen years and early 20s. Conversely, attending higher proportion White schools led to increases in depressive symptoms across earlier ages for Black students, particularly those who fell within the middle of the skin color continuum. Findings highlight competing advantages and disadvantages of navigating racialized spaces in childhood/adolescence for Black Americans of different skin tones.
先前的研究表明,美国黑人的抑郁症状水平高于白人。然而,我们对分层的其他维度(例如肤色)在形成黑人和白人成年人之间心理健康不平等方面的作用知之甚少,以及黑人成年人中种族和肤色的心理健康轨迹是否取决于童年和青春期的社会环境。为了解决这些差距,本研究提出了以下问题:(1)黑人受访者自我认同的种族和采访者评价的肤色在多大程度上影响了12-42岁美国黑人和白人之间抑郁症状的不平等?(2)黑人被调查者中种族和肤色的抑郁症状轨迹是否取决于学校的种族背景(例如,学校的种族构成)?使用来自全国青少年到成人健康纵向研究和成长曲线模型的五波数据,结果表明12-42岁黑人受访者的抑郁症状轨迹因种族、学校种族背景和肤色而异。具体来说,在青少年时期进入黑人学校的黑人学生中,被评为深肤色、深肤色和中棕色皮肤的黑人学生比白人和浅肤色的黑人学生经历的抑郁症状水平要低,尤其是在青少年时期和20岁出头。相反,上白人学校的比例较高,导致黑人学生在早期抑郁症状增加,尤其是那些处于中间肤色的学生。研究结果强调了不同肤色的美国黑人在童年/青春期进入种族化空间的竞争优势和劣势。
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引用次数: 0
Review of “Hyperconnectivity and its Discontents” 《超连接及其不满》综述
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad114
Sara Schoonmaker
Journal Article Review of “Hyperconnectivity and its Discontents” Get access Review of “Hyperconnectivity and its Discontents” By Rogers Brubaker Polity Press, 2023. 288 pages. $69.95 (hardcover), $24.95 (paperback), https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Hyperconnectivity+and+Its+Discontents-p-9781509554539. Sara Schoonmaker Sara Schoonmaker Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, soad114, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad114 Published: 30 September 2023 Article history Received: 20 July 2023 Accepted: 04 September 2023 Published: 30 September 2023
期刊文章评论“超连接及其不满”获取评论“超连接及其不满”由罗杰斯·布鲁贝克政治出版社,2023。288页。69.95美元(精装本),24.95美元(平装本),https://www.wiley.com/en-us/Hyperconnectivity+and+Its+Discontents-p-9781509554539。Sara Schoonmaker Sara Schoonmaker搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者社会力量,soad114, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad114发布:2023年9月30日文章历史接收:2023年7月20日接收:2023年9月4日发布:2023年9月30日
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引用次数: 0
Review of “Making Moral Citizens: How Faith-based Organizers Use Vocation for Public Action” 《塑造道德公民:信仰组织者如何利用圣召进行公共行动》述评
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad116
Jonathan S Coley
Journal Article Review of “Making Moral Citizens: How Faith-based Organizers Use Vocation for Public Action” Get access Review of “Making Moral Citizens: How Faith-based Organizers Use Vocation for Public Action” By Jack Delehanty The University of North Carolina Press, 2023. 222 pages. $99.00 (hardcover), $24.95 (paperback), https://uncpress.org/book/9781469673165/making-moral-citizens/ Jonathan S Coley Jonathan S Coley https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-6171 Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, soad116, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad116 Published: 30 September 2023 Article history Received: 30 August 2023 Accepted: 05 September 2023 Published: 30 September 2023
《培养道德公民:基于信仰的组织者如何利用职业进行公共行动》的期刊文章评论,请访问杰克·德勒汉蒂(Jack Delehanty)的《培养道德公民:基于信仰的组织者如何利用职业进行公共行动》的评论,北卡罗来纳大学出版社,2023年。222页。$99.00(精装),$24.95(平装),https://uncpress.org/book/9781469673165/making-moral-citizens/ Jonathan S Coley Jonathan S Coley https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0829-6171搜索作者的其他作品:牛津学术谷歌学者社会力量,soad116, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad116发表:2023年9月30日文章历史接收:2023年8月30日接收:2023年9月05日出版:2023年9月30日
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引用次数: 0
Beyond Gentrification: Housing Loss, Poverty, and the Geography of Displacement 超越中产阶级化:住房损失、贫困和流离失所的地理
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad123
Peter Hepburn, Renee Louis, Matthew Desmond
Abstract We assess the relationship between gentrification and a key form of displacement: eviction. Drawing on over six million court cases filed in 72 of the largest metropolitan areas across the United States between 2000 and 2016, we show that most evictions occurred in low-income neighborhoods that did not gentrify. Over time, eviction rates decreased more in gentrifying neighborhoods than in comparable low-income neighborhoods. Results were robust to multiple specifications and alternative measures of gentrification. The findings of this study imply that focusing on gentrifying neighborhoods as the primary site of displacement risks overlooking most instances of forced removal. Disadvantaged communities experienced displacement pressures when they underwent gentrification and when they did not. Eviction is not a passing trend in low-income neighborhoods—one that comes and goes as gentrification accelerates and decelerates—but a durable component of neighborhood disadvantage.
我们评估了中产阶级化和一种关键的流离失所形式:驱逐之间的关系。根据2000年至2016年期间在美国72个最大的大都市地区提起的600多万起法庭案件,我们表明,大多数驱逐发生在没有中产阶级化的低收入社区。随着时间的推移,中产阶级化社区的驱逐率比可比的低收入社区下降得更多。结果是稳健的多种规格和替代措施的士绅化。这项研究的结果表明,把重点放在中产阶级化社区作为流离失所的主要地点,可能会忽视大多数强制搬迁的情况。当弱势社区经历了中产阶级化或没有经历中产阶级化时,他们都经历了流离失所的压力。在低收入社区,驱逐并不是一种转瞬即逝的趋势——随着士绅化的加速和减速而来又去——而是社区劣势的持久组成部分。
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引用次数: 0
Review of “The Great Demographic Illusion: Majority, Minority, and the Expanding American Mainstream” 《巨大的人口错觉:多数、少数和不断扩大的美国主流》书评
1区 社会学 Q1 SOCIOLOGY Pub Date : 2023-09-30 DOI: 10.1093/sf/soad118
Michael Rodríguez-Muñiz
Journal Article Review of “The Great Demographic Illusion: Majority, Minority, and the Expanding American Mainstream” Get access Review of “The Great Demographic Illusion: Majority, Minority, and the Expanding American Mainstream” By Richard Alba Princeton University Press: 2020. 336 pages. $32.00 (hardcover); $22.95 (paperback), https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691201634/the-great-demographic-illusion Michael Rodríguez-Muñiz Michael Rodríguez-Muñiz Search for other works by this author on: Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, soad118, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad118 Published: 30 September 2023 Article history Received: 02 August 2023 Revision received: 21 August 2023 Accepted: 05 September 2023 Published: 30 September 2023
《巨大的人口错觉:多数、少数和不断扩大的美国主流》期刊文章评论,普林斯顿大学出版社,理查德·阿尔巴著,《巨大的人口错觉:多数、少数和不断扩大的美国主流》评论,2020年。336页。32.00美元(精装);$22.95(平装本),https://press.princeton.edu/books/hardcover/9780691201634/the-great-demographic-illusion Michael Rodríguez-Muñiz Michael Rodríguez-Muñiz搜索作者的其他作品:Oxford Academic Google Scholar Social Forces, soad118, https://doi.org/10.1093/sf/soad118发布时间:2023年9月30日文章历史接收时间:2023年8月02日修订时间:2023年8月21日接收时间:2023年9月05日发布时间:2023年9月30日
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Social Forces
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