IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105522

Zheng Cao , Feng Gao , Zhifeng Wu , Qifei Zhang , Zihao Zheng , Zhenjun Li , Xiaodong Hai

Mismatches between energy consumption and population have been identified as key factors in generating energy deficiency. Previous studies have focused on assessing mismatches between energy consumption and population on a global scale owing to insufficient data of sufficient spatiotemporal resolution. In this study, we propose a methodology for quantifying such mismatches using mobile phone signaling data and remote sensing nighttime light data at the global and regional scales in two cities. The mobile phone signaling data were useful for assessing global and regional mismatches between energy consumption and population. The underallocation of energy dominated the central urban areas of the study area. The underallocation of energy was more marked on weekdays. Three forms of mismatch were found in the study areas: U, inverted U, and near-linear-shaped. The job–house balance was negatively associated with regional mismatches between population and energy consumption over time. The job-house balance is negative with energy mismatches. This study measured the mismatch between energy and population at multiple spatial scales and provides scientific support for local energy allocation.

能源消耗与人口之间的不匹配被认为是造成能源短缺的关键因素。由于缺乏足够时空分辨率的数据，以往的研究侧重于评估全球范围内能源消耗与人口之间的不匹配。在本研究中，我们提出了一种方法，利用移动电话信令数据和遥感夜间光线数据，在全球和区域范围内对两个城市的能源消耗和人口之间的不匹配进行量化。手机信号数据有助于评估全球和区域能源消耗与人口之间的不匹配。能源分配不足的情况主要出现在研究区域的中心城区。能源分配不足在工作日更为明显。研究地区发现了三种错配形式：U型、倒 U 型和近线型。随着时间的推移，职住平衡与地区人口和能源消耗之间的不匹配呈负相关。就业-住房平衡与能源错配呈负相关。这项研究在多个空间尺度上测量了能源与人口之间的不匹配，为地方能源分配提供了科学支持。

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引用次数: 0

Identifying unsafe locations for pedestrians in Konya with spatio-temporal analyses 通过时空分析确定科尼亚行人不安全的地点

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105523

Atiye Bilim

Identifying the locations of pedestrian crashes in cities contributes to the full implementation of sustainable transportation for all road users. This study examines the pedestrian crash data of Konya, Türkiye, from 2017 to 2022. First, the dangerous and safe road networks in Konya province were identified. Then, spatial and temporal analyses were performed. Kernel density estimation analysis was used to identify five critical locations with high pedestrian crash density. Hotspot analysis was used to identify roads where crashes showed clustering characteristics. Buffer analysis was used to analyse the effectiveness of traffic lights in preventing crashes and three locations where traffic lights were inadequate in preventing crashes were identified. According to the temporal evaluation, pedestrian crashes increased the most at 8 am and 6 pm. Locations where the number of crashes decreased over time were identified by examining the temporal changes in pedestrian crashes using space-time cube analysis. This study highlights the positive effects of improvements in the pedestrian environment on pedestrian safety. New hotspots have emerged in several areas. Therefore, this approach is valuable for early prevention. With the methodology used in the study, the locations of pedestrian crashes and the cause-and-effect relationships of crashes can be evaluated.

确定城市中行人碰撞事故的地点有助于为所有道路使用者全面实施可持续交通。本研究调查了土耳其科尼亚省 2017 年至 2022 年的行人碰撞事故数据。首先，确定了科尼亚省的危险路网和安全路网。然后，进行空间和时间分析。通过核密度估计分析，确定了五个行人碰撞密度较高的关键地点。热点分析用于确定碰撞事故呈现集群特征的道路。缓冲区分析用于分析交通信号灯在预防撞车事故方面的有效性，并确定了三个交通信号灯不足以预防撞车事故的地点。根据时间评估，行人撞车事故在上午 8 点和下午 6 点增加最多。通过使用时空立方体分析法研究行人碰撞事故的时间变化，确定了碰撞事故数量随时间推移而减少的地点。这项研究强调了改善行人环境对行人安全的积极影响。一些地区出现了新的热点。因此，这种方法对于早期预防很有价值。利用本研究中使用的方法，可以评估行人碰撞事故的地点以及碰撞事故的因果关系。

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引用次数: 0

Developing an assessment governance framework for urban digital twins: Insights from smart cities 为城市数字双胞胎制定评估治理框架：智慧城市的启示

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105558

Jose Manuel Diaz-Sarachaga

The rampant urbanization process has highlighted the need of an efficient governance for urban areas. Nevertheless, cities must face the challenge of adapting to technology advances arising from the digital era we are living in. Under this context, urban digital twins (UDTs) have recently superseded smart cities in the attempt of improving the management of city resources and the live of citizens through the use of sophisticated technology. Although the governance of smart cities has been broadly handled in the literature, the influence of UDTs on urban governance still remains unaddressed. This article aims at closing this gap by developing a framework to assess the contribution of UDTs in the governance of cities. A mixed methodology combining an in-depth literature review, a four-round Delphi technique and the Best-Worst multi-criteria decision making method was implemented to this end. The new instrument consists of a two-tier scheme comprising 7 categories and 33 attributes, of which 26 were deemed as essential for an efficient governance. Institutional dimension prevailed over the remaining sustainability domains. Three performance thresholds were defined: low governance, average governance and high governance. The application of the rating system to the UDT of Singapore as case study determined a high level of governance for this city. Some policies were however recommended to strengthen gaps found in Singapore.

猖獗的城市化进程凸显了对城市地区高效治理的需求。然而，城市必须面对适应我们所处的数字时代所带来的技术进步的挑战。在此背景下，城市数字双胞胎（UDTs）最近取代了智慧城市，试图通过使用尖端技术改善城市资源的管理和市民的生活。虽然智慧城市的治理在文献中已有广泛论述，但 UDT 对城市治理的影响仍未得到解决。本文旨在通过建立一个框架来评估 UDTs 在城市治理中的贡献，从而填补这一空白。为此，我们采用了一种混合方法，将深入的文献综述、四轮德尔菲技术和最佳-最差多标准决策法结合起来。新工具由一个两级方案组成，包括 7 个类别和 33 个属性，其中 26 个被认为是有效治理的必要条件。在其余可持续发展领域中，制度层面占主导地位。确定了三个绩效阈值：低治理、一般治理和高治理。将评级系统应用于新加坡 UDT 案例研究，确定了该城市的高治理水平。不过，建议采取一些政策来加强新加坡的差距。

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引用次数: 0

Building smarter cities together: Government-to-government partnerships in the development of smart cities 共建智慧城市：发展智慧城市中的政府间伙伴关系

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105532

Jungwon Kong , Junseok Hwang , Hongbum Kim

Recent studies have emphasized cities' need to confront diverse urban challenges. Smart cities offer technological solutions; however, there is a knowledge gap in terms of understanding the effects of technological adoption in cities. Technology adoption in cities must carefully consider technological feasibility, local sentiments, cultural diversity, governance structure, and various socioeconomic aspects. To address this gap, this study investigated smart city development strategies and focused on their integration into urban development plans in Siheung-si in South Korea and NeoCity in Florida. In addition, this study examined the socioeconomic considerations before implementing technology, covering land, infrastructure, people, and governance. Our findings highlight the benefits of effective government-to-government partnerships, emphasizing the importance of knowledge sharing within the smart city ecosystem. This government-to-government partnership serves as a guiding principle for future research and policy interventions.

最近的研究强调，城市需要应对各种城市挑战。智慧城市提供了技术解决方案，但在了解城市采用技术的效果方面还存在知识空白。城市采用技术必须认真考虑技术可行性、当地民情、文化多样性、治理结构和各种社会经济方面。为了填补这一空白，本研究调查了韩国始兴市和佛罗里达州 NeoCity 的智慧城市发展战略，并重点关注了将其纳入城市发展规划的情况。此外，本研究还考察了实施技术前的社会经济考虑因素，包括土地、基础设施、人员和治理。我们的研究结果凸显了有效的政府间合作关系的益处，强调了在智慧城市生态系统中知识共享的重要性。这种政府对政府的合作关系是未来研究和政策干预的指导原则。

引用次数: 0

Intersecting perspectives: Video surveillance in urban spaces through surveillance society and security state frameworks 交叉视角：从监控社会和安全国家框架看城市空间的视频监控

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105544

Tatiana Lysova

The current body of literature allows discerning two predominant approaches for comprehending technology-based surveillance in modern societies: surveillance society and security state, developing within the domains of surveillance studies and security studies, respectively. These perspectives offer diverging explanations for the implementation of video surveillance in urban spaces and rarely engage in dialogue. This paper explores whether applying both approaches might be beneficial for understanding the reasons behind the deployment of Closed-Circuit Television (CCTV), as constructed in the legislation and perceived by those involved in tackling urban insecurity. The study focuses on two European cities, Budapest and Milan, selected as the most diverse cases, but sharing the problem of urban insecurity. The surveillance society approach offers a vantage point for the analysis of the legal documents, highlighting the positive construction of the technology as a multi-purpose tool, its symbolic role in security provision, and the central role of authorities in security provision. In contrast, the interview data indicates that both approaches might contribute to understanding social constructs existing around the implementation of CCTV in urban spaces. Although theoretical aspects within each approach are shared across contexts, the nuances of their manifestations in these cities are influenced by variations in historical, socio-economic, and political contexts.

目前的文献中，有两种主要方法可用于理解现代社会中以技术为基础的监控：监控社会和安全国家，分别在监控研究和安全研究领域中发展。这些观点对城市空间中视频监控的实施提供了不同的解释，而且很少进行对话。本文探讨了这两种方法的应用是否有助于理解闭路电视（CCTV）部署背后的原因，如立法所构建的和参与解决城市不安全问题的人员所感知的那样。研究重点是布达佩斯和米兰这两座欧洲城市，它们被选为最不同的案例，但却共同面临城市不安全问题。监控社会的方法为分析法律文件提供了一个有利的角度，突出了该技术作为多用途工具的积极作用、其在提供安全方面的象征性作用以及当局在提供安全方面的核心作用。相比之下，访谈数据表明，这两种方法都有助于理解围绕城市空间中闭路电视的实施而存在的社会建构。虽然每种方法的理论方面在不同背景下都是相同的，但其在这些城市中的细微表现却受到历史、社会经济和政治背景差异的影响。

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引用次数: 0

Smart and sustainable benchmarking of cities and regions in Europe: The application of multicriteria assessment 欧洲城市和地区的智能和可持续基准：多标准评估的应用

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105533

Stanislav E. Shmelev , Irina A. Shmeleva

This paper is focused on the multidimensional assessment of over 1300 cities and regions in Europe based on a powerful and policy-relevant set of 17 smart and sustainable performance indicators. Our approach, based on Shmelev and Shmeleva (2018), is driven by alternative policy priorities expressed in different sets of weights, emphasizing economic, social, smart or environmental aspects of urban performance. Using multiple-criteria decision analysis, the cities and regions were ranked, and well performing cities were selected for a detailed analysis of their policies. Among the best performing cities are Stockholm, Paris and London. The detailed rankings under environmental, economic, social and smart policy priorities are analyzed further. The article examines correlations between indicators including GRP, patents, PM₁₀ pollution, life expectancy and depicts the final smart and sustainable ranking in a GIS format. Our detailed assessment thus allows one to understand the impact of key policies implemented by the leading municipalities, and offers insights on the necessary steps that could be taken by cities and municipalities to improve their smart and sustainable performance. The set of tools developed by Environment Europe Foundation will support the process to generate recommendations for actionable steps and policies for cities around the world.

本文主要基于一套强大的、与政策相关的 17 项智能和可持续绩效指标，对欧洲 1300 多个城市和地区进行多维度评估。我们的方法以什梅廖夫和什梅廖娃（2018 年）为基础，由不同权重集表示的备选政策优先事项驱动，强调城市绩效的经济、社会、智能或环境方面。利用多重标准决策分析，对城市和地区进行了排名，并选择了表现良好的城市对其政策进行详细分析。表现最佳的城市包括斯德哥尔摩、巴黎和伦敦。文章进一步分析了环境、经济、社会和智能政策优先事项的详细排名。文章研究了 GRP、专利、PM10 污染、预期寿命等指标之间的相关性，并以 GIS 格式描述了最终的智能和可持续排名。通过详细的评估，我们可以了解领先城市所实施的关键政策的影响，并就城市和市政当局为提高其智能化和可持续发展绩效而可能采取的必要措施提出见解。欧洲环境基金会开发的这套工具将支持为世界各地的城市提出可行步骤和政策建议的进程。

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引用次数: 0

Enhancing land planning: A quantitative review of relationships between cultural ecosystem services and peri-urban areas 加强土地规划：文化生态系统服务与城市周边地区之间关系的定量审查

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105519

Santiago Madrigal-Martínez , Eric Gielen , José Luis Miralles i García , Fabiola Parra-Rondinel

Most of the population in the future will live in urban areas, and the demand for cultural ecosystem services is expected to grow. Peri-urban ecosystems are highly pressured, often leading to conflicting management situations that vary with the socioeconomic scenario. Understanding what is known about the relationships between cultural services and peri-urban areas can enhance natural resource management. A quantitative review of recent literature shows the global trends and patterns based on socio-cultural valuation approaches. From this analysis, we have revealed that cultural services in peri-urban areas have become more significant, and a dominant global pattern is linking peripherical forest ecosystems with outdoor recreation and aesthetic values. Additionally, agricultural areas were associated with environmental education in the global North. At the same time, in the South, low perception of cultural services was clustered with informal settlements near or around a peri-urban landscape. Based on this quantitative review, we provide several knowledge gaps that could guide six future research directions.

未来大部分人口将居住在城市地区，对文化生态系统服务的需求预计将不断增长。城郊生态系统承受着巨大的压力，往往会因社会经济状况的不同而导致管理上的冲突。了解文化服务与城郊地区之间的关系可以加强自然资源管理。对近期文献的定量回顾显示了基于社会文化评估方法的全球趋势和模式。通过分析，我们发现城郊地区的文化服务已变得越来越重要，全球的主要模式是将外围森林生态系统与户外娱乐和审美价值联系起来。此外，在全球北方，农业区与环境教育相关联。同时，在南方，对文化服务的低感知与城郊景观附近或周围的非正规居住区有关。基于这一定量研究，我们提出了几个知识缺口，可为未来的六个研究方向提供指导。

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引用次数: 0

Integrated modeling of residential and work-related mobilities: A large-scale dynamic Bayesian network approach 居住和工作相关流动的综合建模：大规模动态贝叶斯网络方法

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105546

Yajie Yang, Soora Rasouli, Feixiong Liao

Residence and work-related choices are commonly assumed interdependent and associated with some other individuals' and households' life events as well as people's socio-demographics. This paper proposes an integrated dynamic model to capture the determinants of residential and work-related mobilities, taking into account their associations with other life events. The change of employment is modeled with its multi-dimensional features, i.e., change of working hours and change of work place location, while residential mobility is modeled through the change of residential location as well as with whom within the household the move out take place. The Dutch micro-population data from 2015 to 2019 provided by the Netherlands CBS (Census Bureau of Statistics) are used to train and validate a dynamic Bayesian network (DBN) model. The integrated model has a high prediction precision with an average of 89.77% across life events. The results suggest that other life events, such as getting married or divorced, significantly affect the relocation of residence, while changes in working hours strongly influence the work place relocation. However, the relocations of residence and work place in the Netherlands appeared not to be directly intertwined.

居住和工作相关的选择通常被认为是相互依存的，并与其他一些个人和家庭的生活事件以及人们的社会人口统计相关联。本文提出了一个综合动态模型来捕捉居住和工作相关流动的决定因素，同时考虑到它们与其他生活事件的关联。就业变化的模型具有多维特征，即工作时间的变化和工作地点的变化，而居住流动性的模型则通过居住地点的变化以及与谁一起迁出家庭来建立。荷兰统计局（CBS）提供的 2015 年至 2019 年荷兰微观人口数据被用于训练和验证动态贝叶斯网络（DBN）模型。该综合模型具有较高的预测精度，在各种生活事件中的平均预测精度为 89.77%。结果表明，结婚或离婚等其他生活事件会显著影响居住地的迁移，而工作时间的变化会强烈影响工作地点的迁移。然而，在荷兰，居住地和工作地点的迁移似乎并不直接相互关联。

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引用次数: 0

Intra-urban relocation patterns and correlation with built environment factors of population by age groups: A case study of Wuhan 各年龄组人口的城内迁移模式及其与建筑环境因素的相关性：武汉案例研究

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105548

Hua Liu , Siran Bai , Tianyuan Zhou , Tianyue Luo , Xuejun Liu , Hui Li

Intra-urban residential mobility has become increasingly frequent and is contributing to changes in urban spatial structure with the reform of China's urban housing system. Supported by multi-source data and taking life course theory as a research perspective, this study identifies the relocation network between research spatial units and relocation intensity within research units of residents of different age groups within the 4th ring road of Wuhan. Employing the community detection algorithm and spatial autocorrelation index, the differences in relocation features among different age groups are analyzed; based on the findings of the spatial lag model, a model of the relationship between the built environment factors and relocation intensity is proposed. This study finds that there are differences in relocation network and community structure between residents of different age groups, and the differences exhibit a distribution connected to age groups in their significance levels. Inflow and outflow intensity of residents in different age groups have differences in relocation frequency characteristics and location distribution. Built environment indicators are important influencing factors in relocation decisions, and the type of mechanism by which each factor influences the relocation intensity varies between different age groups.

随着中国城镇住房制度的改革，城市内部居住流动日益频繁，并促进了城市空间结构的变化。本研究以多源数据为支撑，以生命历程理论为研究视角，识别了武汉市四环线内不同年龄段居民在研究空间单元间的迁移网络和研究单元内的迁移强度。运用社区检测算法和空间自相关指数，分析了不同年龄组居民搬迁特征的差异；基于空间滞后模型的研究结果，提出了建筑环境因素与搬迁强度的关系模型。研究发现，不同年龄段居民的搬迁网络和社区结构存在差异，且差异在显著性水平上呈现出与年龄段相关的分布。不同年龄段居民的迁入强度和迁出强度在迁入频率特征和地点分布上存在差异。环境建设指标是居民搬迁决策的重要影响因素，各因素对搬迁强度的影响机制类型在不同年龄组之间存在差异。

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引用次数: 0

From insight to action: An integrated assessment framework for digital citizen participation in data-centric urban practices 从洞察到行动：数字公民参与以数据为中心的城市实践的综合评估框架

IF 6 1区经济学 Q1 URBAN STUDIES

Cities

Pub Date : 2024-10-30 DOI: 10.1016/j.cities.2024.105545

Cem Ataman , Pieter Herthogs , Bige Tunçer , Simon Perrault

The integration of digital technologies into urban practices has expanded opportunities for citizen participation and enabled more effective data-driven decision-making. Despite these advancements, challenges such as complex data management and equitable public engagement persist. These challenges are amplified in densely populated cities like Singapore, where the demand for effective and inclusive digital participation frameworks is paramount. Accordingly, this research aims to develop an assessment framework specifically for digital participation processes in such urban contexts through a two-stage analytical methodology. The first stage involves semi-structured interviews with stakeholders, including urban designers and planners, authorities, and residents, to explore challenges and perspectives qualitatively. These qualitative data are then rigorously analyzed using thematic coding. The second stage involves opinion surveys, the results of which are subjected to Multi-Criteria Decision Analysis (MCDA) to yield a quantitative assessment tool. The findings identify critical success factors, including the need for context-specific interventions, active engagement between residents and designers, integration of multi-scale datasets, and the use of structured evaluation metrics. By employing this integrated approach, the research provides a comprehensive and actionable framework to enhance digital citizen participation in urban contexts for both macro-environmental and micro-cultural decisions in post-participation.

数字技术与城市实践的结合扩大了公民参与的机会，并使数据驱动的决策更加有效。尽管取得了这些进步，但复杂的数据管理和公平的公众参与等挑战依然存在。在新加坡这样人口稠密的城市，这些挑战更加严峻，因此对有效、包容的数字参与框架的需求至关重要。因此，本研究旨在通过两个阶段的分析方法，专门针对此类城市背景下的数字参与过程制定评估框架。第一阶段是对利益相关者（包括城市设计师和规划师、政府部门和居民）进行半结构化访谈，从定性角度探讨所面临的挑战和观点。然后使用主题编码法对这些定性数据进行严格分析。第二阶段是民意调查，调查结果通过多标准决策分析（MCDA）得出定量评估工具。研究结果确定了关键的成功因素，包括需要针对具体情况采取干预措施、居民与设计师之间的积极参与、多尺度数据集的整合以及结构化评估指标的使用。通过采用这种综合方法，该研究提供了一个全面、可操作的框架，以加强城市环境中的数字公民参与，从而在参与后做出宏观环境和微观文化决策。

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引用次数: 0

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