Emotion最新文献

Due to the central role friendships play in young adulthood, it is crucial to understand factors that help foster high-quality bonds. The present study examined associations between extrinsic emotion regulation motives and relationship quality in friendship dyads. A sample of 105 young adult dyads (N = 210; M_age = 19.5 years, SD_age = 1.2 years) completed a survey assessing their motives for engaging in extrinsic emotion regulation with each other and the constructive and destructive behaviors in their friendship. Actor-partner interdependence models indicated motivation to help a friend regulate for prohedonic, relationship maintenance, or emotional similarity reasons predicted more constructive behaviors, whereas contrahedonic motives predicted more destructive behaviors. These effects held from the perspective of the regulator but not the target of the regulation, highlighting the value of dyadic approaches for future work. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

When investigating the brain, bodily, or behavioral correlates of emotional experience, researchers often present participants with stimuli that are assumed to reliably and exclusively evoke an instance of one, and only one, emotion category across participants (e.g., a fear stimulus, a joy stimulus, and so on). These assumptions are driven by a typological view. Here, we tested the extent to which they are met. Across three studies (total N = 453), participants reported their experiences as they viewed silent video clips or static images that were curated from published studies and from online search engines. Two different response formats were used. Overall, the proportion of stimulus-evoked emotion experiences that met even lenient benchmarks for validity and reliability for labeling a stimulus as pertaining to a single emotion category label was exceedingly low. Furthermore, participants frequently used more than one label for a given instance. The findings suggest that typological assumptions, and the nomothetic approach they align with, rely on assumptions that are rarely, if ever, met in stimulus-evoked paradigms. Correspondingly, the use of group-averaged normative ratings masks tremendous variation that is potentially meaningful. An overreliance on these norms may lead to conclusions that emotions are organized as discrete categories, yet these theory-laden conclusions may have limited generalizability regarding the emotional experiences of individual people during these tasks. Rather, emotional experiences evoked by visual stimuli are multifaceted (i.e., involve multiple labels per instance) and vary tremendously across individuals. Future work may benefit from multifaceted measurement of emotion and idiographic, data-driven modeling approaches. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Social power (control over valued resources and outcomes) has pervasive effects on how people think, feel, and behave. One important domain likely to be influenced by power is emotion regulation (how people manage their emotions). Extending a small literature on power and emotion regulation, the present research (data collected between 2017 and 2019) examined whether experimentally manipulated power roles (e.g., being a boss vs. an employee) influence the regulation of anger and sadness, and whether emotion appropriateness norms (concerns about the appropriateness of emotions in particular contexts) might explain these effects. Using a within-subjects design, an exploratory study (Study 1, N = 207) asked participants to imagine themselves in three different power roles (i.e., high, equal, and low power) in scenarios that elicited either anger or sadness. They were then asked how they would regulate (via suppression, acceptance, and reappraisal) their emotions. Across anger and sadness scenarios, participants reported more suppression, less acceptance, and more reappraisal when imagining themselves in the high- and low-power roles compared to the equal-power role. Preregistered Study 2 (N = 447) replicated Study 1s effects and indicated that emotion appropriateness norms partially statistically mediated the effects of power role. Last, preregistered Study 3 (N = 291) replicated Studies 1 and 2. Overall, the findings suggest that unequal compared to equal power roles lead to more regulation (both suppression and reappraisal) and less acceptance of anger and sadness, and that emotion appropriateness norms partially explain these effects. This research provides novel insights into how and why power affects regulation of negative emotions. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Do people use similar strategies to regulate their own emotions (i.e., intrapersonal or self-oriented emotion regulation) and to regulate the emotions of others (i.e., interpersonal or other-oriented emotion regulation)? By answering this question, we try to shed light on why people regulate the emotions of others the way they do. We reasoned that because people imagine themselves as the target when deciding how to regulate others' emotions (Ball et al., 2013), they would use similar emotion regulation strategies to regulate their own and targets' emotions (Hypothesis 1). People are more likely to imagine a target is similar to them, the better their relationship is with the target (e.g., Murray et al., 2002). Thus, we expected people who have better relationships with the target to use more similar emotion regulation strategies to regulate their own and the target's emotions (Hypothesis 2). To test these ideas, we ran a cross-cultural study (Study 1, N_participants = 3,960, 19 countries), a survey study on close relationships during wartime (Study 2, N_participants = 530) and an ecological momentary assessment study on close relationships in daily life (Study 3, N_participants = 136). Across all studies, we found that people used similar emotion regulation strategies to regulate their own emotions and the emotions of others. In Studies 2 and 3, we further found that people do so to a greater extent when they felt their relationship with the target was better. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

This study examines digital emotion regulation as a dynamic process, involving both processes of media selection and media effects. Using a large intensive-longitudinal data set with more than 50,000 experience sampling data points gathered from over 1,000 adults, we investigated cross-lagged associations between negative affect and two smartphone-based strategies for regulating negative emotions, namely emotion expression and avoidance. Results indicate that individuals are more likely to engage in both smartphone-based expression and avoidance following negative affect (i.e., media selection). However, we observed no meaningful effect of smartphone-based emotion regulation on subsequent negative affect (i.e., media effects). Additionally, we explored the person-specificity of these associations, showing that media selection effects vary meaningfully across individuals, while media effect associations do not. Finally, using passively sensed behavioral smartphone data, we found that smartphone-based emotion expression partially explained the association between negative affect and mobile communication. Similarly, smartphone-based avoidance partially explained the association between negative affect and social media use. Overall, these findings suggest that while individuals may turn to smartphone-based strategies such as negative emotion expression and avoidance in response to negative emotional states, clear evidence of their short-term effectiveness in reducing negative affect is still lacking. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Awe is theorized to serve a social function, enabling individuals to integrate into collaborative groups and engage in collective action. Across five studies (N = 1,124), we examined awe's role in promoting identity fusion-an apex form of group connection. Two cross-sectional studies (1a and 1b) revealed that dispositional awe predicted stronger identity fusion. Three subsequent experiments (Studies 2-5) demonstrated that awe experiences strengthened identity fusion, with analyses revealing that the small-self sense of "vastness vis-à-vis the self" provided a significant indirect pathway linking awe (vs. controls) to increased fusion. These effects replicated across varying awe manipulations (emotion recall and virtual reality), target groups (country, university, local community, and nature), and cultural contexts (Australian and American samples). Our findings suggest that awe primes a readiness to fuse with groups, creating an openness to deeper collective bonds. Importantly, rather than diminishing personal agency, awe appears to foster an interdependent alignment where personal and collective goals converge, motivating individuals to direct their capabilities toward shared goals through mutual strengthening between self and group. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Emotional granularity (EG), or emotion differentiation, reflects the ability to distinguish between same-valenced emotional states in a nuanced way. While traditionally considered a stable trait, recent research shows that EG can fluctuate within individuals, influenced by situational factors such as stress. Building on this work, the present study investigated how momentary pain as a specific stressor relates to momentary EG in the daily lives of individuals with chronic pain. We hypothesized that individuals would exhibit lower levels of momentary EG when they experience higher than usual pain. We also hypothesized that higher scores in the three domains of executive functions (EFs)-namely, working memory, inhibition, and shifting-would buffer the negative within-person association between pain intensity and momentary EG. Between April 2022 and March 2024, 218 individuals with chronic pain (aged 14-83 years, 70% female) completed an online EF assessment and a 14-day ambulatory assessment (five prompts daily) with repeated pain and emotion ratings. Generalized linear mixed models revealed that more intense momentary pain was contemporaneously associated with lower momentary EG and predicted a decrease in momentary EG from one occasion to the next (both momentary negative and positive EG). However, these findings remained robust only for momentary positive EG when controlling for momentary mean scores of emotions. Moreover, EFs did not moderate the association between momentary pain and momentary EG. The findings suggest that pain may disrupt the ability to differentiate one's emotions, providing novel insights into maladaptive emotional processes due to pain for individuals with chronic pain. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Past research on the use of motivational voice (or motivational prosody) has found that the way we modulate acoustic cues when we speak can have profound effects on others. However, it is unclear whether the effects also hold for other forms of social communication, such as emotional tone of voice, and what role empathy plays. Across three experiments (two preregistered), we found very large effects indicating that listening to an angry vs. happy voice reduced positive affect in participants, lowered their self-esteem, and eroded their intention to disclose information. These effects were mediated by perceived effort to interact with the speaker, feelings of discomfort, and norm violation, which were higher for an angry voice than for a happy one. Importantly, the effects were, as predicted, stronger for participants scoring high in cognitive empathy and especially affective resonance: More empathic people reported even lower positive affect, self-esteem, and intention to disclose information after listening to the angry vs. happy sounding speaker. This suggests that empathic people are more strongly affected by the tone of voice, even if emotions are only conveyed through vocal tone, without face-to-face interaction. Our findings help to advance related research areas and have important implications for clinical and organizational settings. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

The frustration of relational needs is a common source of conflict in romantic relationships. Empathic accuracy (EA) defined as the ability to accurately perceive and understand a partner's thoughts and feelings plays a key role in resolving these conflicts. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that need frustration and EA are associated both within individuals and between romantic partners during actual conflict interactions. Data were analyzed from a lab-based conflict interaction study conducted in 2014, which included a video-mediated recall task. Results from two cross-sectional actor-partner interdependence models revealed that women's EA was positively associated with their male partner's need frustration at the start of the conflict, but this association was no longer present by the end. Additionally, women's EA was marginally negatively associated with their own need frustration at both the start and end of the conflict interaction. These findings highlight the complex and dynamic nature of the relationship of need frustration and EA during couples' actual conflict interactions. Further research is needed to explore the underlying mechanisms driving these associations over time. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).

Emotion differentiation-the ability to precisely label emotions-reflects a nuanced understanding of one's emotional experiences. Researchers posit that this nuance may be associated with knowing how one can use their emotions. As a result, we hypothesize emotion differentiation may be linked with holding instrumental emotion regulation motives, which involve regulating emotions to attain their benefits beyond solely feeling better or worse. In this research, we tested whether trait emotion differentiation was associated with instrumental emotion regulation motives in daily life, (a) in general and (b) at times when people felt strong emotion. To test these links, we used two experience sampling data sets collected in 2020 in Australia (Study 1, N = 173; 50.3% White), and in 2016 in Belgium (Study 2, N = 104; 100% European). Contrary to our hypotheses, there was no direct association between trait emotion differentiation and instrumental motive use. However, as hypothesized, in both studies, trait emotion differentiation moderated the relationship between emotion intensity and instrumental motives, though only in the case of negative-not positive-emotion. This interaction was such that those higher in trait emotion differentiation endorsed fewer instrumental motives when emotion was less intense, but more instrumental motives when emotion was more intense. This pattern suggests that people high in trait emotion differentiation may endorse instrumental motives flexibly, by regulating their emotions instrumentally when they are more intense, but not when they are less intense. Our findings support the idea that trait negative emotion differentiation may help individuals channel their intense emotions in useful ways. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2026 APA, all rights reserved).