Journal of Public Economics最新文献

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Parents’ effective time endowment and divorce: Evidence from extended school days

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105302

María Padilla-Romo , Cecilia Peluffo , Mariana Viollaz

Policies that extend the school day in elementary school provide an implicit childcare subsidy for families. As such, they can affect parents’ time allocation and family dynamics. This paper examines how extending the school day affects families by focusing on marriage dissolution. We exploit the staggered adoption of a policy that extended the availability of full-time elementary schools across different municipalities in Mexico. Using administrative data on divorces, we find that extending the school day by 3.5 h leads to a significant increase in divorce rates. Moreover, the effect grows with every year of municipalities’ exposure to full-time schooling. The effects are largely driven by municipalities with non-traditional social norms about marriage, divorce, and women’s priority to jobs, and by women in households with school-age children. Increased female labor force participation due to the availability of childcare is likely to be one of the mechanisms that relaxed restrictions on marriage dissolution.

引用次数: 0

The Intergenerational Health Effects of Forced Displacement: Japanese American Incarceration during WWII

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105308

Daniel Grossman , Umair Khalil , Laura Panza

We study the intergenerational health consequences of forced displacement and incarceration of Japanese Americans in the US during WWII. Incarcerated mothers had babies who were less healthy at birth. This decrease in health represents a shift in the entire birthweight distribution due to exposure to prison camps. Imprisoned individuals were less likely to have children with fathers of other ethnic groups but were more likely to invest in education, and participate in the labor market. Despite these positive human capital effects, overall we find a negative effect of incarceration on intergenerational health.

引用次数: 0

Student development in teacher–student interaction: Evidence from a randomized experiment in online education

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105285

Chunchao Wang , Yao Wang , Aiping Xiao , Yaru Zhang , Hang Zou

This study conducts the first investigation of how the teacher–student interaction in online education impacts the academic achievements and personality traits of primary school students using a field experiment. Our findings indicate that adding regular interactive online recitation sessions to pure online courses leads to significant improvements in students’ exam scores, as well as increased levels of extraversion, openness, and conscientiousness. The positive effects on students’ academic achievements and personality traits can be attributed to students’ enhanced learning motivation and engagement and increased levels of parental inputs, respectively.

引用次数: 0

Learning the hard way: Conflicts, sanctions and military aid

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105310

Edoardo Grillo , Antonio Nicolò

Countries involved in conflicts learn about their military strength from the battlefield. We study how a third party intervenes to manipulate this learning. An attacker and a defender engage in a conflict whose outcome conveys information about the attacker’s strength. A third party worries that the attacker becomes more confident about its military strength and can intervene to help the defender. This intervention is risky: if the attacker wins despite the help the defender receives, its confidence increases even further. We show that optimal third-party intervention is non-monotonic in the attacker’s strength. We also show that a high level of patriotism and resolve to defend itself improve the defender’s odds in the conflict by inducing third-party intervention.

引用次数: 0

The environmental costs of political interference: Evidence from power plants in the Amazon

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105314

Francisco Costa , Dimitri Szerman , Juliano Assunção

This paper estimates the impacts of ten recently built hydroelectric power plants in the Brazilian Amazon on deforestation. Using the inventory of all sites with undeveloped hydropower potential, we apply the synthetic control method to estimate the causal impact of each power plant on forest loss. Overall, the construction of the ten plants contributed to 13 percent of the observed forest loss within a 50-kilometer radius of the construction site. Notably, this impact is solely attributed to four plants. In at least three of these plants, construction licenses were granted despite technical recommendations against them. In contrast, the remaining plants, which received technical clearance from the environmental agency, have negligible effects. These findings highlight the effectiveness of robust environmental regulations and underscore their vulnerability to high-level political interference.

引用次数: 0

Nothing for something: Marketing cancer drugs to physicians increases prescribing without improving mortality

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105311

Colleen Carey , Michael Daly , Jing Li

Physicians commonly receive marketing-related transfers from drug firms. We examine the impact of these relationships on the prescribing of physician-administered cancer drugs in Medicare. We find that prescribing of the associated drug increases 4% in the twelve months after a payment is received, with the increase beginning sharply in the month of payment and fading out within a year. A marketing payment also leads physicians to begin treating cancer patients with lower predicted mortality. While payments result in greater expenditure on cancer drugs, there are no associated improvements in patient mortality.

引用次数: 0

The effect of a ‘None of the above’ ballot paper option on voting behavior and election outcomes

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105305

Attila Ambrus , Ben Greiner , Anita Zednik

We study how an explicit blank vote option “None of the above” (NOTA) on the ballot paper affects the behavior of voters and political candidates as well as election results. In a series of survey and laboratory experiments we identify a tradeoff regarding making NOTA an explicit voting option. On the one hand it can reduce the vote share of candidates who voters consider as protest candidates, who often come from the extremes of the political spectrum, making it less likely that such a protest candidate wins the election. On the other hand, anticipating the above effect, establishment candidates may care less about the electorate when NOTA is on the ballot. Evidence on voters’ reaction to NOTA comes from two online survey experiments conducted in the weeks preceding the 2016 U.S. presidential election and the 2016 Austrian run-off election for president. Participants were subjected to either the original ballot paper or to a ballot paper where we added a NOTA option. We investigate the dynamic response of politicians to the presence of NOTA in a laboratory experiment in which an establishment candidate can decide between selfish and fair policy proposals and voters can choose between the establishment candidate and an inefficient protest option.

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引用次数: 0

Labor market regulations and firm adjustments in skill demand

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105292

Anna Bottasso , Massimiliano Bratti , Gabriele Cardullo , Maurizio Conti , Giovanni Sulis

We study how changes in labor market regulations may trigger firm adjustments in skill demand. Leveraging rich administrative data from Italy, we investigate the effects of a reform that, to increase job stability, reduced the firing costs for permanent employees and tightened the regulation of fixed-term contracts. Using a difference-in-differences (DID) design, we document that the reform had unintended effects, inducing firms to increase layoffs of low-skilled (LS) permanent employees and reduce hires of LS workers on fixed-term contracts. However, the reform had no effect on high-skilled workers or permanent hires. A theoretical search and matching model with heterogeneous skills and contract durations makes sense of our main findings.

引用次数: 0

How do business owners respond to a tax cut? Examining the 199A deduction for pass-through firms

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2024.105293

Lucas Goodman , Katherine Lim , Bruce Sacerdote , Andrew Whitten

We measure the responses of businesses and their owners to Section 199A, a deduction that reduced the effective tax rate on most U.S. pass-through business income beginning in 2018. Using tax records of individuals and businesses, we compare taxpayers with exogenously differing levels of exposure to the deduction, exploiting limitations within the statute. We find evidence of a 3 to 4 percent increase in reported business income eligible for the deduction during 2018 and 2019 for the more-exposed group relative to the less-exposed group. We also find some evidence of effects on specific hypothesized margins of adjustment. Partnerships reduced ineligible forms of compensation paid to owners by approximately 10 to 15 percent, in line with the incentives created by Section 199A, but S corporations did not reduce wages to owners. We find no evidence that Section 199A encouraged movements from employee to contractor status or increased contractor activity. Finally, we find little evidence of changes in real economic activity as measured by physical investment, wages to non-owners, or employment.

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引用次数: 0

Reducing child marriages through CCTs: Evidence from a large-scale policy intervention in Indonesia

IF 4.8 1区经济学 Q1 ECONOMICS

Journal of Public Economics

Pub Date : 2025-02-01 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpubeco.2025.105306

Jan Priebe , Sudarno Sumarto

There is limited empirical evidence on whether poverty-targeted conditional cash transfers (CCTs) can be an effective tool in reducing child marriages. Employing a Fuzzy Regression Discontinuity design that uses administrative roll-out data matched to the government’s poverty census and targeting database in Indonesia, we estimate that the country’s flagship CCT (PKH) reduced child marriages of girls in rural Indonesia by about 3.5 percentage points (about 40 percent). We conclude that CCTs may help break the persistent practice of child marriages.

引用次数: 0

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