Journal of Marriage and Family最新文献_第8页

Family and consensual non-monogamy: Parents' perceptions of benefits and challenges 家庭和双方同意的非一夫一妻制：父母对益处和挑战的看法

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-12-08 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12955

Milaine Alarie

Objective

This study explores the perspectives of parents in open or polyamorous relationships with regards to challenges and benefits of practicing consensual non-monogamy (CNM).

Background

Studies show that about one in five people, both in Canada and the United States, have been involved in a CNM relationship in their lifetime, a proportion that is even higher among today's young adults. While we know that many of those people have children, little research has focused on the experiences of parents practicing CNM.

Method

This article begins to fill this gap, drawing on 34 individual semi-structured interviews with Canadian parents involved in CNM relationships and their partners. The author explores the benefits and challenges associated with raising children in the context of CNM, as experienced by the participants.

Results

The vast majority of participants argued that the benefits of being polyamorous or in an open relationship considerably outweighed the difficulties they encountered. Six overarching themes emerged from the participants' discourses, namely: (1) social acceptance and legal protection, (2) coming out to children, (3) time management, (4) reconciling family obligations and personal needs, (5) it takes a village to raise children, and (6) teaching important values to children.

Conclusion

Ultimately, this study shows that parents practicing CNM perceive their relationship model as mostly beneficial for themselves, as parents, and for their family.

本研究探讨了开放或多角关系中父母的观点，以及实践双方同意的非一夫一妻制(CNM)的挑战和好处。研究表明，在加拿大和美国，大约五分之一的人在他们的一生中都有过一段CNM关系，这一比例在今天的年轻人中甚至更高。虽然我们知道其中许多人都有孩子，但很少有研究关注父母练习CNM的经历。本文开始填补这一空白，利用34个与加拿大CNM关系中的父母及其伴侣的半结构化访谈。作者探讨了在CNM背景下抚养孩子的好处和挑战，正如参与者所经历的那样。绝大多数参与者认为，多角恋或开放式关系的好处远远超过了他们遇到的困难。参与者的话语中出现了六个主要主题，即:(1)社会接受和法律保护，(2)向孩子出柜，(3)时间管理，(4)协调家庭义务和个人需求，(5)抚养孩子需要一个村庄，(6)向孩子传授重要的价值观。最终，这项研究表明，实践CNM的父母认为他们的关系模式对他们自己、作为父母和他们的家庭最有利。

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引用次数: 0

How gender shapes sibling tension in adulthood following parental death 父母去世后，性别如何影响成年后兄弟姐妹间的紧张关系

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-12-01 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12951

J. Jill Suitor, Megan Gilligan, Destiny Ogle, Robert T. Frase, Yifei Hou, Catherine Stepniak, Shawn Bauldry

Objective

This study investigates gender differences in the effect of parents' deaths on sibling tension among bereaved adult children.

Background

Previous scholarship on adult sibling relations following the deaths of parents presents inconsistent results. These disparate findings may stem from past studies not taking into consideration the gender of both the deceased parent and the bereaved child.

Method

Analyses are based on three harmonized waves of quantitative and qualitative data collected from 654 adult children nested within 303 families as part of the Within-Family Differences Study.

Results

Multilevel models revealed that for daughters, but not sons, mothers' deaths in the past 5 years were associated with increases in sibling tension, whereas fathers' deaths did not predict changes in either sons' or daughters' sibling tension, regardless of timing. Qualitative analyses showed marked differences by child's gender in perceptions of patterns of shared work and support surrounding parents' deaths. Typically, sons expressed solidarity with siblings when mothers died and felt that the division of caregiving prior to mothers' deaths and arrangements following their deaths were fair. In contrast, daughters expressed increased solidarity with sisters surrounding mothers' deaths and disdain toward brothers who failed to contribute caregiving, support, or instrumental tasks.

Conclusion

These findings underscore how gender of both parents and adult children differentially shape changes in adult children's relationships with their siblings in the face parental deaths, much as they do in other contexts across the life course.

本研究探讨父母离世对丧偶成年子女兄弟姐妹关系影响的性别差异。以前关于父母去世后成年兄弟姐妹关系的研究结果不一致。这些不同的发现可能源于过去的研究没有考虑到已故父母和失去孩子的性别。作为家庭内部差异研究的一部分，分析基于从303个家庭的654名成年子女中收集的三波统一的定量和定性数据。多层模型显示，对于女儿，而不是儿子，母亲在过去5年的死亡与兄弟姐妹紧张关系的增加有关，而父亲的死亡与儿子或女儿的兄弟姐妹紧张关系的变化无关，无论时间如何。定性分析显示，儿童性别对父母去世后分担工作和支持方式的看法存在显著差异。通常情况下，儿子在母亲去世时表示声援兄弟姐妹，并认为母亲去世前的照顾分工和母亲去世后的安排是公平的。相比之下，在母亲去世后，女儿们表现出与姐妹们更加团结的态度，并对未能提供照顾、支持或工具性任务的兄弟表示蔑视。这些发现强调了父母和成年子女的性别如何不同地塑造了成年子女在面对父母死亡时与兄弟姐妹关系的变化，就像他们在整个生命历程中的其他情况下一样。

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引用次数: 0

Societal transitions, ethnolinguistic identities, and marital conservatism in Central Asia 中亚的社会转型、民族语言特征和婚姻保守主义

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-11-29 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12948

Victor Agadjanian, Lesia Nedoluzhko

Objective

The study deploys an ethnolinguistic conceptual framework to examine variations in different dimensions of marital conservatism in the Kyrgyz Republic, a post-Soviet nation in Central Asia, focusing on enduring, yet evolving, Russian linguo-cultural influence.

Background

The global transformation of family and marriage systems has produced diverse local normative patterns that are historically rooted but are also reflective of context-specific contemporary socio-cultural, political, and economic transitions. The study investigates these patterns in a multi-ethnic setting where Soviet-era legacies, culturally pivoted on the use of the Russian language, have combined with post-Soviet exposure to both Western influences and rising neo-traditionalism.

Method

The study uses data from two rounds of a nationally representative cross-sectional household-based survey, with each round including standardized interviews with over 2000 men and women aged 18–49. Multi-level regression models are fitted to predict ethnolinguistic variations in attitudes toward premarital chastity, optimal marriage age, support for parental preeminence in marital decisions, support for ethnic endogamy, and opposition to divorce, while accounting for universal correlates of marital conservatism, such as education, religiosity, and urbanicity. For most outcomes, the analyses examine separately how these attitudes apply to women versus men.

Results

The results demonstrate the persistent normative imprints of the Russian linguistic and cultural influence but also instructive variations in them across the specific outcomes. They also suggest an overall rise in some aspects of marital conservatism.

Conclusion

The findings elucidate the unique multidimensional complexities of family and marital change in transitional Eurasia, yet also its similarities with other post-colonial contexts.

家庭和婚姻制度的全球变革产生了多种多样的地方规范模式，这些模式既有历史根源，又反映了特定背景下的当代社会文化、政治和经济转型。本研究调查了在多民族环境中的这些模式，在这种环境中，以使用俄语为文化中心的苏联时代遗产与后苏联时代受到的西方影响和不断上升的新传统主义相结合。本研究使用了两轮具有全国代表性的横截面家庭调查数据，每轮调查包括对 2000 多名 18-49 岁男性和女性的标准化访谈。研究采用多层次回归模型来预测不同民族语言在婚前贞洁、最佳结婚年龄、支持父母在婚姻决策中的主导地位、支持民族内婚制和反对离婚等方面的态度差异，同时考虑到婚姻保守主义的普遍相关因素，如教育程度、宗教信仰和城市化程度。对于大多数结果，分析分别研究了这些态度对女性和男性的适用情况。结果表明，俄罗斯语言和文化的影响在规范方面的烙印持续存在，但在具体结果上的差异也很有启发性。研究结果阐明了转型期欧亚大陆家庭和婚姻变化的独特多维复杂性，以及与其他后殖民背景的相似性。

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引用次数: 0

Marital status and happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic COVID-19 大流行期间的婚姻状况和幸福感

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-11-27 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12956

Hui Liu, Ning Hsieh

Objective

This study examines the long-observed marital advantage in happiness during the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background

The COVID-19 pandemic may have altered the marital advantage in happiness due to changes in social integration processes. However, this has not been explored in previous studies.

Method

Data were from the COVID-19 substudy of the National Social Life, Health, and Aging Project (N = 2622). A series of regressions were estimated to understand marital status differences in pandemic happiness and changes in relationships with nonresident family and friends. Karlson–Holm–Breen mediation analysis was conducted to examine whether relationships with nonresident family and friends explained the marital association with pandemic happiness.

Results

From pre-pandemic to pandemic, married respondents experienced a greater increase in unhappiness than unmarried counterparts, narrowing happiness gaps. However, unmarried individuals, including cohabiting, divorced, widowed, and never married individuals, continued to report higher levels of unhappiness during the pandemic than married peers. These differences primarily stemmed from pre-pandemic happiness. After controlling for pre-pandemic happiness, cohabiting, widowed, and never married older adults did not significantly differ from their married counterparts in reporting unhappiness during the pandemic. In contrast, divorced individuals remained consistently more unhappy than married individuals during the pandemic, mainly due to deteriorated relationship quality with nonresident family.

Conclusion

During a global crisis, it is crucial for policymakers, healthcare providers, and researchers to develop innovative interventions to promote happiness and healthy aging among all older adults, paying special attention to those who are divorced.

本研究探讨了在 COVID-19 大流行期间长期观察到的婚姻在幸福感方面的优势。COVID-19 大流行可能由于社会融合过程的变化而改变了婚姻在幸福感方面的优势。数据来自国家社会生活、健康和老龄化项目的 COVID-19 子研究（N = 2622）。为了了解大流行病幸福感的婚姻状况差异以及与非居民亲友关系的变化，我们对一系列回归进行了估计。卡尔森-霍尔姆-布林中介分析（Karlson-Holm-Breen mediation analysis）用于研究与非居民家庭和朋友的关系是否解释了婚姻与大流行病幸福感之间的关联。从大流行前到大流行期间，已婚受访者的不幸福感比未婚受访者增加得更多，缩小了幸福感的差距。然而，未婚人士，包括同居、离婚、丧偶和从未结过婚的人士，在大流行期间报告的不幸福程度仍然高于已婚人士。这些差异主要源于大流行前的幸福感。在对大流行前的幸福感进行控制后，同居、丧偶和从未结过婚的老年人在大流行期间报告的不幸福感与已婚老年人没有显著差异。与此相反，在大流行期间，离婚者的不幸福感始终高于已婚者，这主要是由于与非居民家庭的关系质量恶化所致。在全球危机期间，政策制定者、医疗保健提供者和研究人员必须制定创新的干预措施，以促进所有老年人的幸福感和健康老龄化，并特别关注离婚者。

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引用次数: 0

Extending theoretical explanations for gendered divisions of care during the COVID-19 pandemic 扩展 COVID-19 大流行期间性别护理分工的理论解释

IF 2.7 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-11-21 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12950

Stéfanie André, Chantal Remery, Mara A. Yerkes

Objective

This article extends pre-pandemic theories, empirically testing the salience of pandemic-based absolute and relative resources and time availability mechanisms for understanding gendered divisions of childcare across the COVID-19 pandemic.

Background

Multiple cross-sectional studies have examined gender differences in pandemic divisions of childcare, yet few longitudinal studies exist, particularly using pandemic-specific theoretical mechanisms.

Method

The authors used five waves (six data points, April 2020–November 2021) of probability-based longitudinal data from the Netherlands to estimate fixed-effects regression models (person-wave data; 2165 mothers and 1839 fathers) to analyze the division of childcare.

Results

Essential occupation was associated with a relative decrease in childcare tasks for mothers but not fathers. Mothers whose partner worked in an essential occupation experienced a relative increase in childcare tasks. Time availability also mattered; primarily for fathers. Working from home was associated with a relative increase in father's involvement in childcare, whereas an increase in work hours was associated with a decrease. Unemployment affected mothers only and was associated with an increase in relative childcare.

Conclusion

Having an essential occupation potentially functioned as a new resource for some mothers to bargain for more gender-egalitarian divisions of care but also reaffirmed the relative importance of men's paid employment over that of women's in shaping divisions of care. Time availability played a role in divisions of care during the pandemic, but mostly for fathers.

Implications

The findings extend traditional resources and time availability theories to explain pandemic-based gender differences in the division of care across the pandemic.

本文扩展了大流行前的理论，实证检验了基于大流行的绝对和相对资源及时间可用性机制的显著性，以理解 COVID-19 大流行中育儿方面的性别划分。多项横断面研究考察了大流行中育儿划分方面的性别差异，但纵向研究很少，特别是使用大流行特定理论机制的纵向研究。作者利用来自荷兰的五波（六个数据点，2020 年 4 月至 2021 年 11 月）基于概率的纵向数据来估计固定效应回归模型（人-波数据；2165 名母亲和 1839 名父亲），以分析育儿分工。如果母亲的伴侣从事基本职业，则母亲的育儿任务会相对增加。时间可用性也很重要，主要是对父亲而言。在家工作与父亲参与育儿的相对增加有关，而工作时间的增加与父亲参与育儿的相对减少有关。失业只影响到母亲，并且与相对育儿时间的增加有关。拥有一份重要的职业可能会成为一些母亲讨价还价的新资源，以争取更多的性别平等的育儿分工，但也再次证实了在形成育儿分工方面，男性的有偿就业比女性的有偿就业相对重要。研究结果扩展了传统的资源和时间可用性理论，以解释大流行病期间基于性别的照料分工差异。

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引用次数: 0

Coparenting profiles and children's socioemotional outcomes in unmarried parents with low-income 低收入未婚父母的育儿情况与子女的社会情感结果

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-11-17 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12952

Susan Yoon, Joyce Y. Lee, Junyeong Yang, Jingyi Wang, Yiran Zhang, Minjung Kim, Sarah Schoppe-Sullivan

Objective

This study aimed to examine patterns of mother–father coparenting relationship quality and their associations with child empathy, emotional insecurity, and behavior problems in families with low income.

Background

Given the growing number of nonmarital births and the high risk of relationship dissolution among cohabiting couples living with low income, it is important to examine the coparenting relationships among racially diverse unmarried couples from low-income contexts. To date, little research has assessed patterns of coparenting relationships and their associations with child socioemotional outcomes among this population.

Methods

Participants were 4,266 unmarried couples and their preschool-aged children from the Building Strong Families study. Latent profile analysis (LPA) was conducted.

Results

LPA of survey data from mothers and fathers revealed four coparenting patterns: Profile 1: low quality, more negative maternal coparenting perceptions (7.2%); Profile 2: moderate-high quality, high congruence, slightly more negative paternal coparenting perceptions (25.2%); Profile 3: low congruence, severely more negative maternal coparenting perceptions (11.8%); and Profile 4: mutual high-quality coparenting (55.8%).

Conclusion

Children of parents with the mutual high-quality coparenting profile had the most positive outcomes according to maternal reports of child socioemotional development. Highly congruent and positive perceptions of the other parent as a coparent were found to be significant promotive factors for positive child socioemotional development.

Implications

Family strengthening policies and programs for unmarried couples with low income should target and support the development of mutually satisfying, high-quality coparenting relationships, with the ultimate goal to improve developmental outcomes for young children in such families.

本研究旨在考察低收入家庭中母亲与父亲的共同养育关系质量模式及其与儿童移情、情绪不安全感和行为问题之间的关联。鉴于非婚生育数量不断增加以及低收入同居夫妇之间关系解体的高风险，考察低收入背景下不同种族未婚夫妇之间的共同养育关系非常重要。迄今为止，很少有研究对这一人群中的共同抚养关系模式及其与儿童社会情感结果之间的关联进行评估。参与者是来自 "建立稳固家庭 "研究的 4266 对未婚夫妇及其学龄前儿童。对母亲和父亲的调查数据进行的潜在特征分析（LPA）显示了四种共同养育模式：特征 1：低质量，更消极的母亲共同养育观念（7.2%）；特征 2：中-高质量，高一致性，稍消极的父亲共同养育观念（25.2%）；特征 3：低一致性，严重消极的母亲共同养育观念（11.根据母亲对儿童社会情感发展的报告，具有相互高质量养育特征的父母的子女取得了最积极的成果。针对低收入未婚夫妇的家庭强化政策和计划应针对并支持发展相互满意的、高质量的共同养育关系，最终目标是改善这类家庭中幼儿的发展成果。

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引用次数: 0

The link between singlehood in young adulthood and effects of romantic separation 青年时期的单身与恋爱分离的影响之间的联系

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-11-16 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12954

Lonneke van den Berg, Ellen Verbakel

Objective

This article aims to uncover long-term effects of singlehood after leaving home by examining whether individuals fare better after separation from their first cohabiting partner if they were not immediately coupled after leaving home.

Background

Singlehood after leaving home offers young people the opportunity to invest in their development, and social and economic resources. From a life-course perspective, it is expected that these investments may advance their resilience to instability later in life. These long-term effects are expected to be gender specific.

Method

This article employs longitudinal data from the German Socio-Economic Panel, following individuals over a five-year period around separation. Using individuals fixed effects models, we estimate life satisfaction and labor earnings before and after separation from the first cohabiting partner.

Results

This article finds a decline in life satisfaction after separation for all groups. Among men, declines in life satisfaction after separation were smaller if they were initially single and if they were single for a longer period, providing support for the resilience hypothesis. Among women, earnings after separation improved most if they were immediately coupled after leaving home. An ad hoc explanation for the latter finding is that initially single women already earned more and had to make fewer adjustments to cope with separation effects. The length of singlehood was not related to separation effects on earnings.

Conclusion

This article shows that singlehood in young adulthood may have a developmental function over the life-course, buffering some of the negative effects of separation.

本文旨在揭示离家后单身的长期影响，研究如果个人在离家后没有立即结婚，那么他们在与第一个同居伴侣分离后是否会过得更好。从生命历程的角度来看，这些投资可望提高他们日后对不稳定的抵御能力。本文采用了德国社会经济小组的纵向数据，对个人离职前后五年的情况进行了跟踪。利用个人固定效应模型，我们估算了与第一位同居伴侣分居前后的生活满意度和劳动收入。在男性中，如果最初是单身，而且单身时间较长，则分居后生活满意度的下降幅度较小，这为复原力假设提供了支持。在女性中，如果离家后立即结婚，分居后的收入改善幅度最大。对后一项发现的一个特别解释是，最初单身的妇女收入已经较高，因此需要做出较少的调整来应对分居的影响。单身时间的长短与分居对收入的影响无关。这篇文章表明，青年时期的单身可能在一生中具有发展功能，可以缓冲分居带来的一些负面影响。

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引用次数: 0

Adult sibling relationships: The impact of cohabitation, marriage, separation, and childbearing 成人兄弟姐妹关系：同居、结婚、分居和生育的影响

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-11-13 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12949

Zafer Buyukkececi, Beyda Çineli

Objective

This study explores how life transitions, such as cohabitation, marriage, separation/divorce, and childbearing, affect three dimensions of full-sibling relationships (contact, intimacy, and conflict).

Background

Sibling relationships shape family dynamics and context, providing enduring support and affection as the longest-lasting relationships in an individual's life. Studying their evolution during life transitions enhances our understanding of these dynamics, considering their prolonged nature, peer status, and shared family history.

Method

We use data from the German Family Panel, specifically five waves (V, VII, IX, XI, and XIII), and fixed effects regression models that acknowledge life course transitions of both sibling dyads.

Results

The life course perspective fails to fully capture the complex sibling bond, as contact between siblings decreased when one entered into cohabitation, but increased with marriage, separation, and parenthood. Nevertheless, the findings revealed that changes in sibling intimacy afterlife course transitions are consistent with the perspective. This dimension weakened during family formation but strengthened when unions dissolved. Conflict between siblings also decreased when starting to live with a partner, while it increased after separation, implying a spillover from romantic to sibling relationships.

Conclusion

Overall, these findings suggest that the theoretical framework for adult sibling life courses should consider sibling family formation events. The study highlights the significance of sibling relationships and their potential impact on shaping family context and dynamics as they are often the longest-lasting relationships.

目的本研究探讨同居、结婚、分居/离婚和生育等生活转变如何影响兄弟姐妹关系的三个方面（接触、亲密关系和冲突）。背景兄弟姐妹关系塑造了家庭的动态和环境，提供了持久的支持和亲情，是个人生活中持续时间最长的关系。考虑到兄弟姐妹关系的长期性、同辈地位和共同的家庭历史，研究他们在人生转变过程中的演变可以加深我们对这些动态关系的理解。方法我们使用德国家庭小组的数据，特别是五次波次（第五、第七、第九、第十一和第十三波次）的数据，并使用固定效应回归模型来确认兄弟姐妹双方的生命历程转变。结果生命历程的视角未能完全反映复杂的兄弟姐妹关系，因为兄弟姐妹之间的联系在一方同居时会减少，但在结婚、分居和为人父母时会增加。尽管如此，研究结果表明，兄弟姐妹亲密关系在生命历程转变后的变化与这一视角是一致的。这一维度在家庭组建过程中有所减弱，但在婚姻解体后有所增强。兄弟姐妹之间的冲突在开始与伴侣共同生活时也会减少，而在分离后则会增加，这意味着从恋爱关系到兄弟姐妹关系的溢出效应。结论总体而言，这些研究结果表明，成人兄弟姐妹生活历程的理论框架应考虑兄弟姐妹的家庭形成事件。这项研究强调了兄弟姐妹关系的重要性及其对形成家庭背景和动态的潜在影响，因为它们往往是持续时间最长的关系。

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引用次数: 0

Educational experiences and American young adults' childbearing goals: A research note 教育经历与美国年轻人的生育目标：研究说明

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-11-11 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12953

Karen Benjamin Guzzo, Sarah R. Hayford

Objective

This research note describes the relationship between young adults' educational experiences and childbearing goals in the United States.

Background

In the United States, education is associated with later childbearing and fewer children, but the relationship between education and fertility desires and intentions is less well-understood. This article contributes to the research literature by illustrating variation in prospective fertility goals by education, focusing on the early life course in order to understand young adults' goals before they have been shaped by parenting and extensive workforce experiences.

Method

This analysis uses data from the National Surveys of Family Growth (1995–2019), a nationally representative survey, to study fertility desires and intentions among childless US men and women ages 19–24. Predicted probabilities demonstrating differences in fertility goals by educational experiences, from three sets of multivariable analyses (logistic regression predicting fertility desires and intentions, separately, and negative binomial regression predicting intended parity), are shown.

Results

Men and women with a bachelor's degree and those enrolled in college do not have lower fertility goals than those without a degree and not enrolled; if anything, more educated individuals are slightly more likely to desire (for men only) and intend children and to have slightly larger intended family size.

Conclusions

Education gaps in fertility in the United States are not attributable to differences in early-life fertility goals.

目的本研究报告描述了美国年轻人的教育经历与生育目标之间的关系。研究背景在美国，教育与晚育和少生孩子有关，但教育与生育愿望和意向之间的关系却不甚明了。本文通过说明不同教育程度的预期生育目标的差异，对研究文献做出了贡献。本文侧重于早期生命历程，以了解年轻成年人在养育子女和丰富的劳动力经验影响其目标之前的目标。方法本分析使用具有全国代表性的全国家庭成长调查（1995-2019 年）的数据，研究 19-24 岁无子女美国男性和女性的生育愿望和意向。三组多变量分析（分别预测生育愿望和意愿的逻辑回归和预测预期均等的负二项回归）得出的预测概率显示了不同教育经历在生育目标上的差异。结果具有学士学位和在校大学生的生育目标并不比没有学位和没有在校大学生的生育目标低；受教育程度较高的人希望（仅男性）生育子女和打算生育子女的可能性略高，打算生育的家庭规模略大。结论美国生育率的教育差距并不能归因于早年生育目标的差异。

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引用次数: 0

Cohabiting couple's economic organization and marriage patterns across social classes 不同社会阶层同居夫妇的经济组织和婚姻模式

IF 6 1区社会学 Q1 FAMILY STUDIES

Journal of Marriage and Family

Pub Date : 2023-10-27 DOI: 10.1111/jomf.12947

Kimberly McErlean

Objective

Empirically examine whether different economic theories of marriage formation predict the transition from cohabitation to marriage differently across social classes.

Background

Less-educated individuals marry their cohabiting partners at lower rates than their college-educated peers, but the reasons for this are unknown. Few studies have examined the intersection of social class and couple-level economic resources to understand if the potentially gendered economic determinants of marriage vary according to a couple's social location.

Method

Couple-month data come from the 2014 Survey of Income and Program Participation, including 1879 cohabiting couples, 478 of whom transition to marriage. Logistic regression is used to test whether the marriage bar, gender specialization, gendered institutions, or gender revolution framework best predicts the likelihood of marrying.

Results

Joint indicators of the marriage bar and the gendered economic organization of couples both predict marriage, but the specific gendered organization varies by the couple's level of education. Among couples where neither partner has a college degree, male-breadwinning couples are most likely to marry; dual-earning couples are most likely to marry among more-educated couples.

Conclusion

Although college-educated couples seem to have shifted to a more egalitarian model of marriage, as predicted by the gender revolution framework, the marriages of the less-educated are still characterized by traditional arrangements, in line with the idea that marriage is a gendered institution. By showing that different theories predict marriage depending on the couple's social position, these findings provide groundwork to explore why the less educated are increasingly less likely to marry their cohabiting partners.

目的通过实证研究不同的婚姻形成经济理论对不同社会阶层从同居向婚姻过渡的预测是否不同。背景教育程度较低的人与同居伴侣结婚的比例低于受过大学教育的同龄人，但原因不明。很少有研究考察社会阶层和夫妇层面经济资源的交叉点，以了解婚姻的潜在性别经济决定因素是否因夫妇的社会位置而异。方法夫妇月数据来自 2014 年收入和计划参与调查，包括 1879 对同居夫妇，其中 478 对过渡到婚姻。采用逻辑回归法检验婚姻障碍、性别专业化、性别制度或性别革命框架是否能最好地预测结婚的可能性。结果结婚门槛的联合指标和夫妇的性别化经济组织都能预测婚姻，但具体的性别化组织因夫妇的教育水平而异。在双方都没有大学文凭的夫妇中，男性--有收入的夫妇最有可能结婚；在受教育程度较高的夫妇中，双职工夫妇最有可能结婚。结论尽管正如性别革命框架所预测的那样，受过大学教育的夫妇似乎已转向更为平等的婚姻模式，但受教育程度较低的夫妇的婚姻仍以传统安排为特征，这与婚姻是一种性别制度的观点是一致的。这些研究结果表明，不同理论对婚姻的预测取决于夫妻双方的社会地位，从而为探讨为什么受教育程度较低的人越来越不可能与同居伴侣结婚提供了依据。

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引用次数: 0