Pub Date : 2024-02-09DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104496
Paula von Spreckelsen , Ineke Wessel , Klaske A. Glashouwer , Peter J. de Jong
Disgust-based body image concerns can bias autobiographical memory towards the recall and avoidant processing of disgust-related memories of the own body. Repeated exposure to such memories may help breaking avoidance and promote the habituation of disgust, thereby lowering body concerns. Using a pre-post within-participant experimental design, we tested if repeatedly exposing women with high self-disgust (N = 61) to disgust-focused body memories vs. neutral memories led to changes in disgust, body acceptance, and reactive avoidance. Contrary to expectations, state disgust towards the body itself only decreased following exposure to neutral memories. Yet, disgust elicited by body-related memories decreased following both repeated exposure to neutral and body memories. Although acceptance was not found to significantly change in either exposure session, pre-post decreases in state disgust were associated with increases in acceptance following the disgust-focused exposure. In contrast to expectations, reactive avoidance increased from pre to post in the disgust-focused exposure. Overall, the results indicate that repeated exposure to disgust-focused body memories may help reduce disgust elicited by these memories and promote body acceptance. Yet, the effect of this repeated exposure to body memories did not extend to changing state disgust towards the body, possibly due to reactive avoidance.
{"title":"Repeated exposure to body-related memories in women with high body-related self-disgust: Impact on disgust, avoidance, and acceptance","authors":"Paula von Spreckelsen , Ineke Wessel , Klaske A. Glashouwer , Peter J. de Jong","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104496","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104496","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Disgust-based body image concerns can bias autobiographical memory towards the recall and avoidant processing of disgust-related memories of the own body. Repeated exposure to such memories may help breaking avoidance and promote the habituation of disgust, thereby lowering body concerns. Using a pre-post within-participant experimental design, we tested if repeatedly exposing women with high self-disgust (<em>N</em> = 61) to disgust-focused body memories vs. neutral memories led to changes in disgust, body acceptance, and reactive avoidance. Contrary to expectations, state disgust towards the body itself only decreased following exposure to neutral memories. Yet, disgust elicited by body-related memories decreased following both repeated exposure to neutral and body memories. Although acceptance was not found to significantly change in either exposure session, pre-post decreases in state disgust were associated with increases in acceptance following the disgust-focused exposure. In contrast to expectations, reactive avoidance increased from pre to post in the disgust-focused exposure. Overall, the results indicate that repeated exposure to disgust-focused body memories may help reduce disgust elicited by these memories and promote body acceptance. Yet, the effect of this repeated exposure to body memories did not extend to changing state disgust towards the body, possibly due to reactive avoidance.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796724000238/pdfft?md5=ed1b1f280345983daf64911d74064d67&pid=1-s2.0-S0005796724000238-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139874285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-08DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104495
Milena Aleksic, Alexander Reineck, Thomas Ehring, Larissa Wolkenstein
Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) has proven effective in reducing involuntary emotional memories. However, it is unclear whether and when it may lead to reduced accuracy of voluntary memory. Although previous analogue studies suggest that ImRs does not pose a general risk regarding memory distortion, it can not be ruled out that ImRs could cause memory impairment under certain risk conditions. In our three-day online trauma film study we investigated in a healthy sample (N = 267) whether specific instructions during ImRs as typically provided in clinical practice (i.e., detailed imagery with a sensory focus) increase the risk of memory distortions. Additionally, we examined whether the completeness of the original memory moderates these instruction effects. Contrary to our expectations, a sensory focus during ImRs was associated with higher memory accuracy in a recognition task, independently of the quality of the original memory. These results extend previous findings by suggesting that ImRs does not even impair memory performance when the quality of the original memory is poor and when the production of sensory-rich images is specifically encouraged. Our results question current practices employed to assess witness statement credibility, which are partly based on concerns that trauma-focused interventions like ImRs undermine memory accuracy.
{"title":"When does imagery rescripting become a double-edged sword? - Investigating the risk of memory distortion through imagery rescripting in an online Trauma film study","authors":"Milena Aleksic, Alexander Reineck, Thomas Ehring, Larissa Wolkenstein","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104495","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104495","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Imagery Rescripting (ImRs) has proven effective in reducing involuntary emotional memories. However, it is unclear whether and when it may lead to reduced accuracy of voluntary memory. Although previous analogue studies suggest that ImRs does not pose a general risk regarding memory distortion, it can not be ruled out that ImRs could cause memory impairment under certain risk conditions. In our three-day online trauma film study we investigated in a healthy sample (N = 267) whether specific instructions during ImRs as typically provided in clinical practice (i.e., detailed imagery with a sensory focus) increase the risk of memory distortions. Additionally, we examined whether the completeness of the original memory moderates these instruction effects. Contrary to our expectations, a sensory focus during ImRs was associated with <em>higher</em> memory accuracy in a recognition task, independently of the quality of the original memory. These results extend previous findings by suggesting that ImRs does not even impair memory performance when the quality of the original memory is poor and when the production of sensory-rich images is specifically encouraged. Our results question current practices employed to assess witness statement credibility, which are partly based on concerns that trauma-focused interventions like ImRs undermine memory accuracy.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796724000226/pdfft?md5=30a1deb23d61965297af7792f644e492&pid=1-s2.0-S0005796724000226-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139888813","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104493
Tina Gupta , Helmet T. Karim , Neil P. Jones , Fabio Ferrarelli , Melissa Nance , Stephan F. Taylor , David Rogers , Ashley M. Pogue , T.H. Stanley Seah , Mary L. Phillips , Neal D. Ryan , Erika E. Forbes
Depression is associated with diminished positive affect (PA), postulated to reflect frontostriatal reward circuitry disruptions. Depression has consistently been associated with higher dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) activation, a region that regulates PA through ventral striatum (VS) connections. Low PA in depression may reflect dmPFC's aberrant functional connectivity (FC) with the VS. To test this, we applied theta burst stimulation (TBS) to dmPFC in 29 adults with depression (79% female, Mage = 21.4, SD = 2.04). Using a randomized, counterbalanced design, we administered 3 types of TBS at different sessions: intermittent (iTBS; potentiating), continuous (cTBS; depotentiating), and sham TBS (control). We used neuronavigation to target personalized dmPFC targets based on VS-dmPFC FC. PA and negative affect (NA), and resting-state fMRI were collected pre- and post-TBS. We found no changes in PA or NA with time (pre/post), condition (iTBS, cTBS, sham), or their interaction. Functional connectivity (FC) between the nucleus accumbens and dmPFC showed a significant condition (cTBS, iTBS, and sham) by time (pre-vs. post-TBS) interaction, and post-hoc testing showed decreased pre-to post-TBS for cTBS but not iTBS or sham. For cTBS only, reduced FC pre/post stimulation was associated with increased PA (but not NA). Our findings lend support to the proposed mechanistic model of aberrant FC between the dmPFC and VS in depression and suggest a way forward for treating depression in young adults. Future studies need to evaluate multi-session TBS to test clinical effects.
抑郁症与积极情绪(PA)减弱有关,据推测这反映了前额纹状体奖赏回路的紊乱。抑郁症一直与背内侧前额叶皮层(dmPFC)激活程度较高有关,而该区域通过腹侧纹状体(VS)连接来调节 PA。抑郁症患者的低PA可能反映了dmPFC与VS功能连接(FC)的异常。为了验证这一点,我们对 29 名成年抑郁症患者(79% 为女性,年龄 = 21.4,SD = 2.04)的 dmPFC 施加了 Theta 脉冲串刺激(TBS)。我们采用随机、平衡的设计,在不同的疗程中施用了三种类型的 TBS:间歇性(iTBS;增效)、持续性(cTBS;去势)和假 TBS(对照)。我们使用神经导航技术,根据 VS-dmPFC FC 靶向个性化的 dmPFC 靶点。我们收集了TBS前后的PA和负性情绪(NA)以及静息态fMRI。我们发现 PA 或 NA 没有随时间(前/后)、条件(iTBS、cTBS、假)或它们之间的相互作用而发生变化。伏隔核和大脑前交叉韧带之间的功能连接(FC)显示出显著的条件(cTBS、iTBS和假体)与时间(TBS前与TBS后)的交互作用,事后测试显示,cTBS的TBS前与TBS后功能连接减少,而iTBS或假体则没有。仅对 cTBS 而言,刺激前/后 FC 的降低与 PA(而非 NA)的增加有关。我们的研究结果支持了所提出的抑郁症患者大脑前交叉功能区(dmPFC)和大脑后交叉功能区(VS)之间FC异常的机理模型,并为治疗青壮年抑郁症提供了一种思路。未来的研究需要评估多疗程TBS以检验临床效果。
{"title":"Continuous theta burst stimulation to dorsomedial prefrontal cortex in young adults with depression: Changes in resting frontostriatal functional connectivity relevant to positive mood","authors":"Tina Gupta , Helmet T. Karim , Neil P. Jones , Fabio Ferrarelli , Melissa Nance , Stephan F. Taylor , David Rogers , Ashley M. Pogue , T.H. Stanley Seah , Mary L. Phillips , Neal D. Ryan , Erika E. Forbes","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104493","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104493","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Depression is associated with diminished positive affect (PA), postulated to reflect frontostriatal reward circuitry disruptions. Depression has consistently been associated with higher dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC) activation, a region that regulates PA through ventral striatum (VS) connections. Low PA in depression may reflect dmPFC's aberrant functional connectivity (FC) with the VS. To test this, we applied theta burst stimulation (TBS) to dmPFC in 29 adults with depression (79% female, <em>M</em><sub><em>age</em></sub> = 21.4, <em>SD</em> = 2.04). Using a randomized, counterbalanced design, we administered 3 types of TBS at different sessions: intermittent (iTBS; potentiating), continuous (cTBS; depotentiating), and sham TBS (control). We used neuronavigation to target personalized dmPFC targets based on VS-dmPFC FC. PA and negative affect (NA), and resting-state fMRI were collected pre- and post-TBS. We found no changes in PA or NA with time (pre/post), condition (iTBS, cTBS, sham), or their interaction. Functional connectivity (FC) between the nucleus accumbens and dmPFC showed a significant condition (cTBS, iTBS, and sham) by time (pre-vs. post-TBS) interaction, and post-hoc testing showed decreased pre-to post-TBS for cTBS but not iTBS or sham. For cTBS only, reduced FC pre/post stimulation was associated with increased PA (but not NA). Our findings lend support to the proposed mechanistic model of aberrant FC between the dmPFC and VS in depression and suggest a way forward for treating depression in young adults. Future studies need to evaluate multi-session TBS to test clinical effects.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139726179","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104494
Eric L. Garland , Thupten Jinpa
In addition to its health benefits, mindfulness has been theorized in classical contemplative frameworks to elicit self-transcendent experiences as a means of promoting universal love and compassion. Increasing feelings of love may be especially clinically relevant for the treatment of opioid misuse, in that addictive use of opioids dysregulates neurobiological processes implicated in the experience of love. Here we tested these hypotheses in a secondary analysis (n = 187) of data from a randomized clinical trial of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) versus supportive psychotherapy for comorbid opioid misuse and chronic pain. At pre- and post-treatment, participants completed a measure of state self-transcendence immediately following a laboratory-based mindfulness task. Through 9-month follow-up, we assessed changes in universal love and opioid misuse. Participants also completed ecological momentary assessments of opioid craving during the 8-week study interventions and for the following month. Compared to supportive psychotherapy, participants in MORE reported significantly greater increases in mindfulness-induced self-transcendence, which mediated the effect of MORE on increased feelings of universal love. In turn, increases in universal love significantly predicted decreased opioid craving and lower odds opioid misuse through 1- and 9-month follow-ups, respectively. Findings suggest mindfulness-induced self-transcendence may promote feelings of universal love, with possible downstream benefits on reducing addictive behavior.
{"title":"Mindfulness-induced self-transcendence promotes universal love with consequent effects on opioid misuse","authors":"Eric L. Garland , Thupten Jinpa","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104494","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104494","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>In addition to its health benefits, mindfulness has been theorized in classical contemplative frameworks to elicit self-transcendent experiences as a means of promoting universal love and compassion. Increasing feelings of love may be especially clinically relevant for the treatment of opioid misuse, in that addictive use of opioids dysregulates neurobiological processes implicated in the experience of love. Here we tested these hypotheses in a secondary analysis (n = 187) of data from a randomized clinical trial of Mindfulness-Oriented Recovery Enhancement (MORE) versus supportive psychotherapy for comorbid opioid misuse and chronic pain. At pre- and post-treatment, participants completed a measure of state self-transcendence immediately following a laboratory-based mindfulness task. Through 9-month follow-up, we assessed changes in universal love and opioid misuse. Participants also completed ecological momentary assessments of opioid craving during the 8-week study interventions and for the following month. Compared to supportive psychotherapy, participants in MORE reported significantly greater increases in mindfulness-induced self-transcendence, which mediated the effect of MORE on increased feelings of universal love. In turn, increases in universal love significantly predicted decreased opioid craving and lower odds opioid misuse through 1- and 9-month follow-ups, respectively. Findings suggest mindfulness-induced self-transcendence may promote feelings of universal love, with possible downstream benefits on reducing addictive behavior.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139885814","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-07DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104492
Sophie A. Rameckers , Arnold A.P. van Emmerik , Katrina Boterhoven de Haan , Margriet Kousemaker , Eva Fassbinder , Christopher W. Lee , Mariel Meewisse , Simone Menninga , Marleen Rijkeboer , Anja Schaich , Arnoud Arntz
We studied the mechanisms of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and imagery rescripting (ImRs). We hypothesized that EMDR works via changes in memory vividness, that ImRs works via changes in encapsulated beliefs (EB), and that both treatments work via changes in memory distress. Patients (N = 155) with childhood-related posttraumatic stress disorder (Ch-PTSD) received 12 sessions of EMDR or ImRs. The vividness, distress, and EB related to the index trauma were measured with the Imagery Interview. PTSD severity was assessed with the Impact of Events Scale-Revised and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5. We conducted mixed regressions and Granger causality analyses. EMDR led to initially stronger changes in all predictors, but only for distress this was retained until the last assessment. No evidence for vividness as a predictive variable was found. However, changes in distress and EB predicted changes in PTSD severity during ImRs. These findings partially support the hypothesized mechanisms of ImRs, while no support was found for the hypothesized mechanisms of EMDR. Differences in the timing of addressing the index trauma during treatment and the timing of assessments could have influenced the findings. This study provides insight into the relative effectiveness and working mechanisms of these treatments.
{"title":"The working mechanisms of imagery rescripting and eye movement desensitization and reprocessing: Findings from a randomised controlled trial","authors":"Sophie A. Rameckers , Arnold A.P. van Emmerik , Katrina Boterhoven de Haan , Margriet Kousemaker , Eva Fassbinder , Christopher W. Lee , Mariel Meewisse , Simone Menninga , Marleen Rijkeboer , Anja Schaich , Arnoud Arntz","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104492","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104492","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>We studied the mechanisms of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) and imagery rescripting (ImRs). We hypothesized that EMDR works via changes in memory vividness, that ImRs works via changes in encapsulated beliefs (EB), and that both treatments work via changes in memory distress. Patients (<em>N</em> = 155) with childhood-related posttraumatic stress disorder (Ch-PTSD) received 12 sessions of EMDR or ImRs. The vividness, distress, and EB related to the index trauma were measured with the Imagery Interview. PTSD severity was assessed with the Impact of Events Scale-Revised and the Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5. We conducted mixed regressions and Granger causality analyses. EMDR led to initially stronger changes in all predictors, but only for distress this was retained until the last assessment. No evidence for vividness as a predictive variable was found. However, changes in distress and EB predicted changes in PTSD severity during ImRs. These findings partially support the hypothesized mechanisms of ImRs, while no support was found for the hypothesized mechanisms of EMDR. Differences in the timing of addressing the index trauma during treatment and the timing of assessments could have influenced the findings. This study provides insight into the relative effectiveness and working mechanisms of these treatments.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796724000196/pdfft?md5=87c279fa7563cbe6bc24f14ea7f90dce&pid=1-s2.0-S0005796724000196-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139731581","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104495
Milena Aleksic, Alexander Reineck, Thomas Ehring, Larissa Wolkenstein
{"title":"When does imagery rescripting become a double-edged sword? - Investigating the risk of memory distortion through imagery rescripting in an online Trauma film study","authors":"Milena Aleksic, Alexander Reineck, Thomas Ehring, Larissa Wolkenstein","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104495","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104495","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139829018","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2023.104465
Katie L. Burkhouse , Anh Dao , Alexandra Argiros , Maria Granros , Emilia Cárdenas , Lindsay Dickey , Cope Feurer , Kaylin Hill , Samantha Pegg , Lisa Venanzi , Autumn Kujawa
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Targeting positive valence systems function in children of mothers with depressive symptoms: A pilot randomized trial of an RDoC-informed preventive intervention” [Behav. Res. Ther. 168 (September 2023) 104-384]","authors":"Katie L. Burkhouse , Anh Dao , Alexandra Argiros , Maria Granros , Emilia Cárdenas , Lindsay Dickey , Cope Feurer , Kaylin Hill , Samantha Pegg , Lisa Venanzi , Autumn Kujawa","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2023.104465","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2023.104465","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796723002139/pdfft?md5=d9a4994dbeea23878a14f5791ba5f2b3&pid=1-s2.0-S0005796723002139-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138832382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104494
Eric L. Garland, Thupten Jinpa
{"title":"Mindfulness-induced self-transcendence promotes universal love with consequent effects on opioid misuse","authors":"Eric L. Garland, Thupten Jinpa","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104494","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104494","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139825772","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104490
Suzanne C. van Veen , Tomislav D. Zbozinek , Eva A.M. van Dis , Iris M. Engelhard , Michelle G. Craske
Previous laboratory work has shown that induction of positive mood prior to fear extinction decreases the negative valence of the conditional stimulus (CS) and reduces reinstatement of fear. Before translating these insights to clinical practice, it is important to test this strategy in anxious individuals. Students with a high fear of public speaking (N = 62) were randomized to either a positive mood induction, a negative mood induction, or no induction control group. All participants performed two weekly sessions of virtual reality exposure and a 1-week follow-up test including a spontaneous recovery test and reinstatement test after a social rejection (unconditional stimulus). We used self-reported fear measures and skin conductance responses. We expected that the positive group, compared to the other groups, would evaluate the CS (i.e., speaking in front of an audience) as less negative following exposure and would show less spontaneous recovery and reinstatement of fear following a social rejection. Although mood was successfully manipulated, there were no group differences in CS valence following exposure. In all conditions, VR exposure successfully reduced public speaking fear, and these effects were stable at follow-up. In contrast with expectations, the positive group showed more spontaneous recovery of CS negative valence than the negative group. To conclude, we found no evidence that positive mood induction prior to exposure optimizes exposure effects for anxious individuals.
{"title":"Positive mood induction does not reduce return of fear: A virtual reality exposure study for public speaking anxiety","authors":"Suzanne C. van Veen , Tomislav D. Zbozinek , Eva A.M. van Dis , Iris M. Engelhard , Michelle G. Craske","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104490","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104490","url":null,"abstract":"<div><p>Previous laboratory work has shown that induction of positive mood prior to fear extinction decreases the negative valence of the conditional stimulus (CS) and reduces reinstatement of fear. Before translating these insights to clinical practice, it is important to test this strategy in anxious individuals. Students with a high fear of public speaking (<em>N</em> = 62) were randomized to either a positive mood induction, a negative mood induction, or no induction control group. All participants performed two weekly sessions of virtual reality exposure and a 1-week follow-up test including a spontaneous recovery test and reinstatement test after a social rejection (unconditional stimulus). We used self-reported fear measures and skin conductance responses. We expected that the positive group, compared to the other groups, would evaluate the CS (i.e., speaking in front of an audience) as less negative following exposure and would show less spontaneous recovery and reinstatement of fear following a social rejection. Although mood was successfully manipulated, there were no group differences in CS valence following exposure. In all conditions, VR exposure successfully reduced public speaking fear, and these effects were stable at follow-up. In contrast with expectations, the positive group showed more spontaneous recovery of CS negative valence than the negative group. To conclude, we found no evidence that positive mood induction prior to exposure optimizes exposure effects for anxious individuals.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0005796724000172/pdfft?md5=c60e58a2e22cfd39c185579e1dc2d451&pid=1-s2.0-S0005796724000172-main.pdf","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139666677","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-01DOI: 10.1016/j.brat.2024.104496
Paula von Spreckelsen, I. Wessel, K. Glashouwer, Peter J. de Jong
{"title":"Repeated exposure to body-related memories in women with high body-related self-disgust: Impact on disgust, avoidance, and acceptance","authors":"Paula von Spreckelsen, I. Wessel, K. Glashouwer, Peter J. de Jong","doi":"10.1016/j.brat.2024.104496","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2024.104496","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48457,"journal":{"name":"Behaviour Research and Therapy","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.1,"publicationDate":"2024-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139814299","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}