Clinical Psychology Review最新文献

{"title":"Addictive behaviors among people with intellectual disability: An umbrella review","authors":"Amalia Udeanu ,&nbsp;Gloria Garcia-Fernandez ,&nbsp;M. Lucía Morán ,&nbsp;Juan Antonio García-Aller ,&nbsp;Estrella Fernández ,&nbsp;Laura E. Gómez","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102701","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102701","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Addictive behaviors pose significant challenges for people with intellectual disability (ID), yet research remains limited. This umbrella review aims to synthesize evidence from systematic reviews on substance use (SU), gambling, and gaming among people with ID, focusing on prevalence and patterns, risk factors and motivations, and intervention approaches. Understanding these aspects is essential for developing effective prevention and treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>Following the Preferred Reporting Items for Overviews of Reviews (PRIOR) guidelines, two independent reviewers searched the Web of Science, PsycINFO, and the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews for systematic reviews and meta-analyses focused on people with ID and SU, gambling, or gaming. Quality was assessed using the JBI Checklist for Systematic Reviews.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>No eligible studies were found for gambling and gaming. Nine reviews addressed SU (alcohol, tobacco, cannabis, solvents, stimulant, and depressant drugs), revealing higher prevalence among men, adults, and those with less complex support needs. Motivational, educational, and behavioral interventions were employed. Cognitive behavioral therapy, motivational enhancement therapy, and mindfulness showed potential efficacy in increasing knowledge, motivation, and reducing SU.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The findings underscore the importance of inclusive prevention strategies that address social determinants of health (such as socioeconomic status and living conditions), transdiagnostic protective factors, and evidence-based, person-centered, and rights-based frameworks. While SU interventions for people with ID show promise, further research and more robust designs that incorporate these conceptual perspectives is needed. Moreover, it is essential to investigate polypharmacy and behavioral addictions to address these issues from a phenomenological and contextual perspective.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 102701"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000678","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Evaluation of outcome measures for assessing problematic pornography use: A COSMIN systematic review of measurement properties","authors":"Feng Jin ,&nbsp;Wenwen Zhang ,&nbsp;Pengshuo Wang ,&nbsp;Beáta Bőthe ,&nbsp;Ziqi Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102710","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102710","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Problematic Pornography Use (PPU) is an increasingly recognized public health concern, with increasing evidence of its potential adverse consequences for individuals’ psychological well-being, interpersonal relationships, and daily functioning. Accurate assessment of PPU is therefore essential for effective screening, diagnosis, and intervention. However, the field is characterized by a proliferation of outcome measures (OMs) with diverse theoretical foundations, inconsistent definitions, and limited cross-population validation. This systematic review was pre-registered in the PROSPERO database (CRD420251008765) and followed the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments (COSMIN) Version 2.0 guidelines to identify, evaluate, and compare OMs used to assess PPU, as well as to offer recommendations for selecting appropriate OMs in research and clinical settings. A comprehensive search was conducted across four databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, Embase, and PsycInfo) from database inception to February 28, 2025, with an additional supplementary search conducted on October 19, 2025. A total of 47 studies reporting on 24 OMs were included. While structural validity and internal consistency were frequently assessed, content validity, test-retest reliability, measurement error, and responsiveness were infrequently reported for most OMs. No single OM can be unequivocally recommended as the most appropriate instrument for assessing PPU in either clinical or research settings. Based on measurement property ratings and the overall quality of evidence, 19 OMs received Class-C recommendations, among which four OMs were considered the most promising (including the Problematic Pornography Use Scale, Problematic Pornography Consumption Scale [PPCS], PPCS-6, and Brief Pornography Screen). Overall, these promising Class-C OMs may tentatively serve as valid and reliable tools for assessing PPU in clinical and research contexts, thereby providing a valuable resource for improving PPU assessment and informing evidence-based practice. Nevertheless, further studies are warranted to comprehensively validate the measurement properties of existing OMs. In addition, the findings underscore the importance of theory-driven and methodologically rigorous validation studies, as well as stricter adherence to COSMIN standards, to enhance consistency and comparability across studies.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 102710"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146134579","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Lack of improvements in youth psychotherapies or lack of investments in detecting improvements? Future directions in psychological assessment","authors":"Andres De Los Reyes ,&nbsp;Elizabeth Talbott ,&nbsp;Akram Yusuf ,&nbsp;Nicole S.J. Dryburgh ,&nbsp;Kimberly L. Goodman","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102705","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102705","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Youth were experiencing mental health crises before the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic. Following this onset, their needs for mental health services have only increased. Yet, researchers encounter barriers to confronting these crises. The effects of therapies tested in controlled trials in the present day appear to be no more potent than those of their predecessors tested in trials conducted decades ago. Across these decades of scholarly work, researchers have invested far more of their efforts toward improving technologies for therapies than they have toward improving technologies for the assessment tools used to estimate therapeutic effects. The tools used today look a lot like those used in the 1970s—mainly surveys and interviews—and our strategies for integrating the data these tools produce focus on the sliver of their data that converge or yield the same results about youth mental health. Decades of work reveal that these integration strategies are incompatible with the data conditions that typify youth mental health assessments. We must invest in innovative assessment tools and integration strategies that capitalize on all the valid data produced by these conditions. This paper details pioneering directions in future research about psychological assessment. We describe the conceptual foundations underlying these research directions and highlight recent work by the authors and others supporting this pursuit. If we empower the assessment researchers of today to develop technologically innovative assessment tools and integration strategies, then we equip the therapy researchers of tomorrow to demonstrate that investing in therapy technologies pays off.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 102705"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146000679","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Pain in dementia: A systematic review of the measurement properties of observational assessment tools","authors":"Andrew I.G. McLennan ,&nbsp;Emily M. Winters ,&nbsp;Michelle M. Gagnon ,&nbsp;Thomas Hadjistavropoulos","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102704","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102704","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>We conducted a systematic review of the measurement properties and quality of evidence of observational pain assessment tools for older adults with dementia. Eligible studies were peer-reviewed, written in English, had a primary aim to psychometrically examine observational pain tools in samples of older adults with dementia, and reported results for at least one psychometric measurement property (e.g., reliability, structural validity, responsiveness). Medline, PsycINFO, the Cumulative Index of Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science were systematically searched for all historical records to September 2025. The review was pre-registered in PROSPERO in February 2025, and adhered to the COnsensus based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments (COSMIN), and the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) reporting guidelines for COSMIN systematic reviews (i.e., PRISMA-COSMIN) to evaluate and report the methodological quality, psychometric results, and strength of evidence for each tool. This standardized framework also guided our recommendations of tools based on psychometric merit. Thirty observational pain tools were identified across 121 psychometric studies, and five tools met criteria for a strong recommendation. Certain measurement properties (i.e., construct validity, responsiveness) showed stronger results and higher-quality evidence across tools, while others (e.g., structural validity, content validity) were understudied and showed inconsistent and lower-quality evidence. We summarized methodological limitations in the pre-existing literature and provided research recommendations to help direct future scholarly work in this area.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"124 ","pages":"Article 102704"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146014391","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Heuristic recommendations to advance knowledge about personalizing PTSD treatment via practice-based research","authors":"Benjamin C. Darnell ,&nbsp;Natasha Benfer ,&nbsp;Brett T. Litz","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102671","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102671","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The development and dissemination of evidence-based psychotherapies (EBPs) has revolutionized treatment for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, when EBPs fail or are otherwise not a good fit, providers are left with few evidence-based options for personalizing treatment to meet unique patient needs. Further, there is little recourse for real-world, clinically relevant knowledge to inform and confirm research hypotheses regarding intervention effectiveness and its moderators. In this paper, we review the research and clinical context barriers to evidence-based idiographic treatment planning and generating iterative, ecologically valid, and locally actionable practice-based research. We propose a localized learning healthcare approach that foregrounds the needs of providers and patients and generates continuous practice-based evidence from real-world care. We provide recommendations to advance this approach that prioritize systematic evaluation of its feasibility and utility, and the enhancement of measurement-based care infrastructure through using clinical dashboards and benchmarks for change, balancing standardized and flexible assessment, tracking interventions, and addressing barriers to implementation and compliance. We frame our recommendations within the context of the United States Department of Veterans Affairs network of PTSD specialty care clinics, given that this network is exceptionally well-suited to be at the forefront of a new practice-based research paradigm.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102671"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145553340","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The ‘made-up mind’. Deriving new hypotheses on delusions from general psychological models of belief maintenance","authors":"T.M. Lincoln,&nbsp;H. Romberg,&nbsp;D. Torrents-Rodas,&nbsp;A. Bott","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102687","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102687","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Contemporary definitions of delusions highlight their resistance to conflicting evidence as the core feature, but there has been little progress in understanding why even explicit confrontation with contradicting evidence seldom leads to belief revision. This review aims to generate new hypotheses on delusion maintenance to inform research and clinical practice.</div><div>We systematically reviewed psychological models of belief maintenance and extracted their proposed mechanisms and moderators. The electronic search identified six dissociable perspectives: Associative learning, Bayesian inference, utility-informed, cognitive processing informed, dissonance-theory informed, and cross-disciplinary perspectives. The proposed mechanisms involved changing the sensory evidence to fit with one's prior belief (e.g. shifting attention to contextual cues, changing or reinterpreting sensory input), reducing the relevance of the prediction error (e.g., finding causes of the unexpected event, increasing the abstraction of the prior belief) and reinforcement (e.g. reduction of arousal). The moderators related to prior belief (e.g. its temporal stability, utility, or self-relevance), size of the prediction error, precision of the sensory evidence (e.g. quality, order), context (e.g. typicality, complexity), and individual differences (e.g. cognitive flexibility). We discuss how each proposed mechanism and moderator and their interactions align with current knowledge on delusions and offer compelling and novel explanations for delusion maintenance.</div><div>We conclude that delusion maintenance and systematization can be convincingly explained by combinations of prior belief precision, ambiguous input and situational characteristics and may not necessarily require neurobiological deficits or generalized biases. The hypotheses derived offer multiple new avenues for research and for optimizing the learning process in interventions for delusions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102687"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145689594","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Dyadic approaches to treating individual functioning: A review and dual meta-analysis of the effects of attachment-based interventions on caregiver and child psychopathology","authors":"Hannah G. Swerbenski ,&nbsp;Justin Russotti","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102691","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102691","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Attachment-based Interventions (ABIs) refer to treatments that leverage tenets of Attachment Theory in clinical work with caregivers and children. Integrating Attachment Theory and developmental psychopathology frameworks, this meta-analysis reports the efficacy of ABIs for reducing <em>both</em> caregiver and child psychopathology. We screened studies from <em>PsycInfo, PubMed,</em> and <em>Web of Science,</em> identifying 70 unique studies (<em>N</em>_{<em>total</em>} = 6645 families) that met inclusion criteria<em>.</em> We report 19 meta-analytic effects (8 for caregivers, 11 for children). We observed large Pre-Post effects of ABIs on changes in caregiver posttraumatic stress (<em>d</em> = −0.986), caregiver depression at later follow-up (<em>d</em> = −0.828), child posttraumatic stress (<em>d</em> = −0.744) and child total problems both at post-treatment (<em>d</em> = − 0.728) and follow-up (<em>d</em> = −1.143). We observed medium Pre-Post effects of ABIs on caregiver depression (<em>d</em> = −0.623), global distress (<em>d</em> = −0.621), anxiety (<em>d</em> = −0.553), and child internalizing (<em>d</em> = −0.485), as well as medium RCT effects of ABIs on changes in caregiver global distress (<em>d</em> = −0.408) and depression at follow-up (<em>d</em> = −0.588). We found small RCT effects for for caregiver depression, child internalizing, externalizing, and total problems, as well as child internalizing, externalizing, and total problems at later follow-up (<em>d</em>s = −0.355 to −0.066). Ten studies (<em>N</em>_{<em>overlap</em>} = 795) that met both caregiver and child inclusion criteria were included in exploratory dyadic analyses which revealed reductions in caregiver and child psychopathology were significantly correlated (<em>r</em> = 0.480, <em>p</em> &lt; .001). Results underscore benefits of ABIs for broader treatment targets beyond attachment security.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102691"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145822868","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Applying social cognitive theory to understanding the disclosure of non-suicidal self-injury: A scoping review","authors":"Katrina Hon ,&nbsp;Takeshi Hamamura ,&nbsp;Penelope Hasking ,&nbsp;Eric Lim ,&nbsp;Kassandra Hon ,&nbsp;Mark Boyes","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102685","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102685","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Facilitating voluntary disclosures of non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) has emerged as a promising approach to catalysing personal recovery and early support-seeking for people who self-injure. However, approximately half of individuals who self-injure have never disclosed their NSSI. To date, there is a lack of theoretical explanations available to conceptualise the decision to disclose NSSI. However, various anticipatory cognitions (e.g., anticipated stigma) have been implicated in the disclosure process. As such, this scoping review used Social Cognitive Theory as a theoretical framework to identify and synthesise the social cognitive factors underlying NSSI disclosure. This review considered all published empirical articles and theses that 1) reported on populations with a history of NSSI, 2) examined NSSI disclosures, and 3) reported on at least one social cognitive factor associated with NSSI disclosures. The review was guided by Arksey and O’Malley's 5-step methodological framework and Joanna Briggs Institute's guidelines for conducting scoping reviews. The findings from 43 studies support the applicability of Social Cognitive Theory in conceptualising NSSI disclosures. Specifically, factors underlying the decision to disclose often aligned with the theory's fundamental tenets of self-efficacy, outcome expectancies, and social modelling. Across the literature, we identified cognitions that were consistently implicated as barriers or facilitators of NSSI disclosure. The findings indicate that expectancy-challenge interventions may be effective in facilitating disclosures of NSSI. Despite this, the findings of the review call for future research validating the utility of Social Cognitive Theory in the disclosure context, particularly among culturally diverse populations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102685"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145598901","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The effectiveness of second-generation mindfulness interventions on anxiety and depression: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Liucan Xu ,&nbsp;Simon B. Goldberg ,&nbsp;Lin Zhang ,&nbsp;Chuyu Hu","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102693","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2026.102693","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Second-generation mindfulness-based interventions (SG-MBIs), which integrate ethical and moral practices, have emerged as promising treatments for depressive and anxiety symptoms. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the effectiveness of SG-MBIs in reducing depression and anxiety among adults.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>We conducted a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) including adults from clinical populations, healthy adults, and mixed groups (e.g., individuals reporting psychological distress or physical health conditions without formal diagnoses). Databases searched included PubMed, Web of Science, and EBSCOhost (through April 2025). Effect sizes were computed using Hedges' g, calculated as the standardized mean differences between intervention and control groups at post-intervention, adjusted for small-sample bias, and synthesized under a random-effects model. Primary analyses focused on post-intervention outcomes, and additional analyses assessed long-term effects based on follow-up data from 20 trials (17 depression, 13 anxiety). In total, 43 studies on depression (<em>n</em> = 3756) and 37 studies on anxiety (<em>n</em> = 3199) were included. Moderator analyses tested participant type, control condition, intervention components, intervention type, primary outcome status and risk of bias status.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>SG-MBIs significantly reduced depressive (g = 0.59, 95 % CI [0.41, 0.78]) and anxiety symptoms (g = 0.61, 95 % CI [0.41, 0.81]); effects remained significant after outlier removal (depression: g = 0.44; anxiety: g = 0.40). Participant type significantly moderated outcomes, with clinical samples showing significantly larger improvements than both healthy and mixed samples. Intervention type also significantly moderated results. Control conditions, intervention components, outcome measures, primary outcome status, risk of bias status, and intervention duration were not significant moderators. Follow-up data (k = 20) indicated sustained depression reductions (g = 0.70). Most included trials were rated as having “some concerns” (<em>n</em> = 33), with 13 judged as low risk and 3 as high risk, suggesting that overall findings should be interpreted with caution. However, sensitivity analyses excluding these high-risk studies yielded similar results (depression: g = 0.61; anxiety: g = 0.64).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>SG-MBIs effectively reduce depression and anxiety and may be particularly valuable for clinical populations and self-compassion–focused interventions. Future research should aim for clearer operational definitions, standardized intervention protocols, exploration of wisdom-based components, and adequately powered RCTs to strengthen the evidence base and enhance clinical applicability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102693"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145924832","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Necessity causality in mental health research: Applying necessary condition analysis in clinical psychology and psychiatry","authors":"Igor Marchetti ,&nbsp;Ernst H.W. Koster ,&nbsp;Jan Dul","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102689","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2025.102689","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Understanding the causal mechanisms underlying the development of mental disorders and their symptoms is essential for advancing effective prevention and treatment strategies. However, research in this field has predominantly relied on <em>sufficiency logic</em> within a probabilistic framework, coupled with traditional statistical methods (i.e., multiple linear regression, Structural Equation Modelling, etc.) where risk factors are associated with an increased likelihood of developing a disorder. While valuable, this approach also carries inherent assumptions and limitations. Additionally, the crucial concept of causal necessity has been largely overlooked. By integrating <em>necessity logic</em> within a deterministic framework—where the absence of a necessary risk factor prevents the development of a disorder in nearly everyone— we propose a novel and promising approach, exemplified by Necessary Condition Analysis (NCA). In this paper, we outline the theoretical foundations of NCA and illustrate its potential for advancing mental health research, with a specific application to the Interpersonal Theory of Suicide. We also discuss how NCA can address critical challenges in mental health science, refine existing methodologies, and open new pathways for enhancing both research and clinical practice.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"123 ","pages":"Article 102689"},"PeriodicalIF":12.2,"publicationDate":"2026-02-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145730896","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}