Pub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102530
Wendy C. Higgins, David M. Kaplan, Eliane Deschrijver, Robert M. Ross
Murphy and Hall (2024) present two criticisms of our review of construct validity evidence reporting practices for the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; Higgins, Kaplan, Deschrijver, & Ross, 2024). Namely, they argue that we conflated poor reporting practices with poor validity and that our conclusions about the validity of RMET scores relied too heavily on structural validity evidence at the cost of external validity evidence. Moreover, they argue that the existing external and structural validity evidence indicates that RMET scores are generally valid for assessing emotion recognition ability. In this response, we clarify that our conclusion that RMET scores are unsubstantiated as measurements of social cognitive ability was based on evidence that spans the structural, external, and substantive components of validity. Furthermore, reiterating and expanding on the validity evidence in our review, we argue that, based on existing validity evidence, RMET scores are unlikely to be valid measurements of social cognitive ability. Therefore, we stand by our recommendation that researchers stop using the RMET as a measure of social cognitive ability and re-evaluate research findings that rely on RMET scores as measurements of social cognitive ability.
{"title":"Why most research based on the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test is unsubstantiated and uninterpretable: A response to Murphy and Hall (2024)","authors":"Wendy C. Higgins, David M. Kaplan, Eliane Deschrijver, Robert M. Ross","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102530","url":null,"abstract":"Murphy and Hall (2024) present two criticisms of our review of construct validity evidence reporting practices for the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; Higgins, Kaplan, Deschrijver, & Ross, 2024). Namely, they argue that we conflated poor reporting practices with poor validity and that our conclusions about the validity of RMET scores relied too heavily on structural validity evidence at the cost of external validity evidence. Moreover, they argue that the existing external and structural validity evidence indicates that RMET scores are generally valid for assessing emotion recognition ability. In this response, we clarify that our conclusion that RMET scores are unsubstantiated as measurements of social cognitive ability was based on evidence that spans the structural, external, and substantive components of validity. Furthermore, reiterating and expanding on the validity evidence in our review, we argue that, based on existing validity evidence, RMET scores are unlikely to be valid measurements of social cognitive ability. Therefore, we stand by our recommendation that researchers stop using the RMET as a measure of social cognitive ability and re-evaluate research findings that rely on RMET scores as measurements of social cognitive ability.","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-12DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102529
Thomas Tandrup Lamm, Victoria Von Schrottenberg, Anneline Rauch, Bo Bach, Heidi Frølund Pedersen, Mette Trøllund Rask, Eva Ørnbøl, Kaare Bro Wellnitz, Lisbeth Frostholm
Functional Somatic Disorders (FSD) is an umbrella term for various conditions characterized by persistent and troublesome physical symptoms, that are not better explained by other psychiatric or somatic conditions. Personality traits may play a crucial role in FSD, but the link is not fully understood. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis examines the relationship between the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality traits and FSD.
{"title":"Five-factor personality traits and functional somatic disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Thomas Tandrup Lamm, Victoria Von Schrottenberg, Anneline Rauch, Bo Bach, Heidi Frølund Pedersen, Mette Trøllund Rask, Eva Ørnbøl, Kaare Bro Wellnitz, Lisbeth Frostholm","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102529","url":null,"abstract":"Functional Somatic Disorders (FSD) is an umbrella term for various conditions characterized by persistent and troublesome physical symptoms, that are not better explained by other psychiatric or somatic conditions. Personality traits may play a crucial role in FSD, but the link is not fully understood. This study presents a systematic review and meta-analysis examines the relationship between the Five-Factor Model (FFM) of personality traits and FSD.","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":12.8,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142849248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-12-01DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102506
Brett A. Murphy , Judith A. Hall
Critical reviews of a test's measurement validity are valuable scientific contributions, yet even strong reviews can be undermined by subtle problems in how evidence is compiled and presented to readers. First, if discussions of poor reporting practices by a test's users are interwoven with discussions about validity support for the test itself, readers can be inadvertently misled into impressions of the latter which are improperly conflated with the former. Second, test reviewers should give at least as much careful attention to a test's external validity as to its structural validity; test reviewers who prioritize factor analysis and internal consistency at the expense of discriminant and convergent validity can inadvertently mislead readers into perceptions of a test which are more negative or more positive than is warranted by the evidence overall. In this commentary, we aim to help test evaluators in crafting critical investigations of measurement validity. We use Higgins et al.'s (2024) review of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; Baron-Cohen et al., 2001) as a basis for discussion. We argue that their otherwise impressive review went astray in the two ways described above. After considering both the psychometric evidence that Higgins et al. (2024) provided and the external validity evidence that they did not provide, we conclude that their recommendations that the RMET should be abandoned, and that most prior research findings based on it should be reassessed or disregarded, are unwarranted.
对测试测量有效性的批判性评论是有价值的科学贡献，然而，即使是强有力的评论也可能被证据如何汇编和呈现给读者的微妙问题所破坏。首先，如果测试用户对不良报告实践的讨论与对测试本身的有效性支持的讨论交织在一起，读者可能会在不经意间被误导，产生对后者的印象，而这种印象与前者不恰当地混淆在一起。第二，测试审稿人至少应该对测试的外部效度和结构效度给予同等的关注；测试审稿人优先考虑因素分析和内部一致性，以牺牲判别效度和收敛效度为代价，可能会无意中误导读者对测试的看法，使其比总体证据更消极或更积极。在这篇评论中，我们的目的是帮助测试评估者在制作测量效度的关键调查。我们使用Higgins等人（2024）对通过眼睛读心测试(RMET；Baron-Cohen et al., 2001)作为讨论的基础。我们认为，他们原本令人印象深刻的评论在上述两方面误入歧途。在考虑了Higgins等人（2024）提供的心理测量证据和他们没有提供的外部效度证据后，我们得出结论，他们关于RMET应该被放弃的建议，以及大多数基于RMET的先前研究结果应该被重新评估或忽略的建议是没有根据的。
{"title":"How a strong measurement validity review can go astray: A look at Higgins et al. (2024) and recommendations for future measurement-focused reviews","authors":"Brett A. Murphy , Judith A. Hall","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102506","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102506","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Critical reviews of a test's measurement validity are valuable scientific contributions, yet even strong reviews can be undermined by subtle problems in how evidence is compiled and presented to readers. First, if discussions of poor reporting practices by a test's users are interwoven with discussions about validity support for the test itself, readers can be inadvertently misled into impressions of the latter which are improperly conflated with the former. Second, test reviewers should give at least as much careful attention to a test's external validity as to its structural validity; test reviewers who prioritize factor analysis and internal consistency at the expense of discriminant and convergent validity can inadvertently mislead readers into perceptions of a test which are more negative or more positive than is warranted by the evidence overall. In this commentary, we aim to help test evaluators in crafting critical investigations of measurement validity. We use <span><span>Higgins et al.'s (2024)</span></span> review of the Reading the Mind in the Eyes Test (RMET; <span><span>Baron-Cohen et al., 2001</span></span>) as a basis for discussion. We argue that their otherwise impressive review went astray in the two ways described above. After considering both the psychometric evidence that <span><span>Higgins et al. (2024)</span></span> provided and the external validity evidence that they did not provide, we conclude that their recommendations that the RMET should be abandoned, and that most prior research findings based on it should be reassessed or disregarded, are unwarranted.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102506"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142745083","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-26DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102520
Tao Zhang , Zhihong Ren , Claire Elizabeth Wakefield , Bryant Pui Hung Hui , Tatsuo Akechi , Congrong Shi , Xiayu Du , Wenke Chen , Lizu Lai , Chunxiao Zhao , Ying Li , Yubu Zhou
Background
Many cancer patients experience psychological distress and/or poor quality of life during or after their cancer treatment, yet they face multiple barriers to accessing psychological support. Digital psychological interventions represent a promising approach for addressing these barriers, however their comparative effectiveness remains uncertain.
Methods
Nine databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to July 2024. The primary outcomes were psychological distress and quality of life, and the secondary outcomes were measures of depression, anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, and fear of cancer recurrence in this study.
Results
One hundred and thirty-six RCTs with 23,154 participants were identified. Of these interventions, three types—digitally-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), health education, and virtual reality therapy (VRT)—demonstrated significant reductions in psychological distress compared to non-active controls. Digital CBT, narrative interventions, and VRT significantly improved quality of life compared to non-active controls. For depression, both digital CBT and VRT were superior to the non-active control group. Regarding anxiety, CBT, psychoeducation, and VRT outperformed the non-active control group. In terms of fatigue, CBT, psychoeducation, VRT, and multi-component interventions all showed enhanced efficacy compared to the non-active control group. However, only CBT exhibited significantly superior effectiveness in alleviating insomnia compared to non-active controls. Similarly, only mindfulness-based interventions significantly reduced fear of cancer recurrence compared to the non-active control condition.
Conclusions
Our results suggest that digital CBT and VRT are highly promising options for reducing psychological distress and enhancing the quality of life among cancer patients; further high-quality randomized controlled trials involving diverse populations are essential to validate these findings.
{"title":"Are digital psychological interventions for psychological distress and quality of life in cancer patients effective? A systematic review and network meta-analysis","authors":"Tao Zhang , Zhihong Ren , Claire Elizabeth Wakefield , Bryant Pui Hung Hui , Tatsuo Akechi , Congrong Shi , Xiayu Du , Wenke Chen , Lizu Lai , Chunxiao Zhao , Ying Li , Yubu Zhou","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102520","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102520","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Many cancer patients experience psychological distress and/or poor quality of life during or after their cancer treatment, yet they face multiple barriers to accessing psychological support. Digital psychological interventions represent a promising approach for addressing these barriers, however their comparative effectiveness remains uncertain.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Nine databases were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from inception to July 2024. The primary outcomes were psychological distress and quality of life, and the secondary outcomes were measures of depression, anxiety, insomnia, fatigue, and fear of cancer recurrence in this study.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>One hundred and thirty-six RCTs with 23,154 participants were identified. Of these interventions, three types—digitally-delivered cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT), health education, and virtual reality therapy (VRT)—demonstrated significant reductions in psychological distress compared to non-active controls. Digital CBT, narrative interventions, and VRT significantly improved quality of life compared to non-active controls. For depression, both digital CBT and VRT were superior to the non-active control group. Regarding anxiety, CBT, psychoeducation, and VRT outperformed the non-active control group. In terms of fatigue, CBT, psychoeducation, VRT, and multi-component interventions all showed enhanced efficacy compared to the non-active control group. However, only CBT exhibited significantly superior effectiveness in alleviating insomnia compared to non-active controls. Similarly, only mindfulness-based interventions significantly reduced fear of cancer recurrence compared to the non-active control condition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Our results suggest that digital CBT and VRT are highly promising options for reducing psychological distress and enhancing the quality of life among cancer patients; further high-quality randomized controlled trials involving diverse populations are essential to validate these findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 102520"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-24DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102521
R.L. Dean , K.J. Lester , E. Grant , A.P. Field , F. Orchard , V. Pile
Negative self-perceptions are implicated in the development and maintenance of depression in young people, but little is known about their receptiveness to change in response to treatment. This paper reports on a pre-registered meta-analysis examining the extent to which treatments for depression in young people aged 11–24 result in changes to self-perceptions. Controlled treatment trials examining outcomes related to self-perceptions were synthesised (k = 20, N = 2041), finding small reductions in both symptoms of depression (g = −0.30; 95 % CI: −0.52, −0.08) and self-perception outcomes (g = 0.33; 95 % CI: 0.16, 0.49) for interventions compared with control groups. Meta-regression analyses found no significant association between reductions in depressive symptoms and improvements in self-perception following treatment, suggesting that despite interventions generally improving both outcomes these changes may be unrelated to each other. Our results indicate that young people's self-perceptions are sensitive to change following treatment for depression, however effect sizes are small and treatments could be more effective in targeting and changing negative self-perceptions. Given the importance that young people place on integrating work on their sense of self into treatments for depression, future interventions could aim to support young people with depression to develop a positive sense of self.
{"title":"The impact of interventions for depression on self-perceptions in young people: A systematic review & meta-analysis","authors":"R.L. Dean , K.J. Lester , E. Grant , A.P. Field , F. Orchard , V. Pile","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102521","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102521","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Negative self-perceptions are implicated in the development and maintenance of depression in young people, but little is known about their receptiveness to change in response to treatment. This paper reports on a pre-registered meta-analysis examining the extent to which treatments for depression in young people aged 11–24 result in changes to self-perceptions. Controlled treatment trials examining outcomes related to self-perceptions were synthesised (<em>k</em> = 20, <em>N</em> = 2041), finding small reductions in both symptoms of depression (<em>g</em> = −0.30; 95 % CI: −0.52, −0.08) and self-perception outcomes (<em>g</em> = 0.33; 95 % CI: 0.16, 0.49) for interventions compared with control groups. Meta-regression analyses found no significant association between reductions in depressive symptoms and improvements in self-perception following treatment, suggesting that despite interventions generally improving both outcomes these changes may be unrelated to each other. Our results indicate that young people's self-perceptions are sensitive to change following treatment for depression, however effect sizes are small and treatments could be more effective in targeting and changing negative self-perceptions. Given the importance that young people place on integrating work on their sense of self into treatments for depression, future interventions could aim to support young people with depression to develop a positive sense of self.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"115 ","pages":"Article 102521"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142757052","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-21DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102519
Lisa Steinmetz , Laura Simon , Bernd Feige , Dieter Riemann , Anna F. Johann , Johanna Ell , David D. Ebert , Harald Baumeister , Fee Benz , Kai Spiegelhalder
{"title":"Corrigendum to “Network meta-analysis examining efficacy of components of cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia’ [Clinical Psychology Review 114 (2024) 102507].","authors":"Lisa Steinmetz , Laura Simon , Bernd Feige , Dieter Riemann , Anna F. Johann , Johanna Ell , David D. Ebert , Harald Baumeister , Fee Benz , Kai Spiegelhalder","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102519","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102519"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142693671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-16DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102518
Nur Hani Zainal , Chui Pin Soh , Natalia Van Doren , Corina Benjet
Although the short-term efficacy of internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (i-CBT) is well-established, its long-term efficacy remains understudied. Robust variance estimation meta-analysis was thus conducted across guided and self-guided i-CBT, synthesizing data from 154 randomized controlled trials (N = 45,335) with ≥ 12-month follow-ups. For binary outcomes, guided (52.3% vs. 38.6%; log-risk ratio [LOG-RR] = 1.15 95% confidence interval [1.04, 1.26]) yielded higher remission, reliable improvement, and response rates, and lower suboptimal treatment outcome rates (9.3% vs. 10.8%; LOG-RR = 0.63 [0.45, 0.80]) than treatment-as-usual, active controls, and waitlists at ≥12 months. Insufficient studies precluded testing the efficacy between self-guided i-CBT and controls for binary outcomes. For baseline-to-12-month dimensional outcomes, guided i-CBT produced greater reductions in anxiety, depressive, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and repetitive negative thinking (Hedge's g = −1.86 to −0.31), and self-guided i-CBT yielded stronger reductions in depressive symptoms (g = −0.51) than all controls. For outcome scores aggregated at ≥ 12-month follow-ups, guided i-CBT alleviated anxiety, depression, distress, insomnia, PTSD symptoms, role impairment, emotion regulation, and quality of life (g = −0.31 to 0.26), and self-guided i-CBT yielded lower anxiety and depressive symptoms (g = −0.16 to −0.09) than all controls. No significant differences in efficacy emerged between guided and self-guided i-CBT when sufficient studies existed for a meta-analysis. There was no evidence for publication bias. Long-term efficacy was similar to short-term efficacy for most outcomes. Implementing scalable i-CBTs should entail transparency about their long-term benefits and drawbacks.
{"title":"Do the effects of internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (i-CBT) last after a year and beyond? A meta-analysis of 154 randomized controlled trials (RCTs)","authors":"Nur Hani Zainal , Chui Pin Soh , Natalia Van Doren , Corina Benjet","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102518","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102518","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Although the short-term efficacy of internet-delivered cognitive-behavioral therapy (i-CBT) is well-established, its long-term efficacy remains understudied. Robust variance estimation meta-analysis was thus conducted across guided and self-guided i-CBT, synthesizing data from 154 randomized controlled trials (<em>N</em> = 45,335) with ≥ 12-month follow-ups. For binary outcomes, guided (52.3% vs. 38.6%; log-risk ratio [LOG-RR] = 1.15 95% confidence interval [1.04, 1.26]) yielded higher remission, reliable improvement, and response rates, and lower suboptimal treatment outcome rates (9.3% vs. 10.8%; LOG-RR = 0.63 [0.45, 0.80]) than treatment-as-usual, active controls, and waitlists at ≥12 months. Insufficient studies precluded testing the efficacy between self-guided i-CBT and controls for binary outcomes. For baseline-to-12-month dimensional outcomes, guided i-CBT produced greater reductions in anxiety, depressive, post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) symptoms, and repetitive negative thinking (Hedge's <em>g</em> = −1.86 to −0.31), and self-guided i-CBT yielded stronger reductions in depressive symptoms (<em>g</em> = −0.51) than all controls. For outcome scores aggregated at ≥ 12-month follow-ups, guided i-CBT alleviated anxiety, depression, distress, insomnia, PTSD symptoms, role impairment, emotion regulation, and quality of life (<em>g</em> = −0.31 to 0.26), and self-guided i-CBT yielded lower anxiety and depressive symptoms (<em>g</em> = −0.16 to −0.09) than all controls. No significant differences in efficacy emerged between guided and self-guided i-CBT when sufficient studies existed for a meta-analysis. There was no evidence for publication bias. Long-term efficacy was similar to short-term efficacy for most outcomes. Implementing scalable i-CBTs should entail transparency about their long-term benefits and drawbacks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102518"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142695919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102517
Amber Billens , Sophie Van Oosterwijck , Evy Dhondt , Mira Meeus , Indra De Greef , Stefaan Van Damme , Jessica Van Oosterwijck
Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical experimental measure of endogenous pain inhibition in humans. Within this paradigm, one noxious stimulus, the conditioning stimulus (CS), reduces the pain perception from another heterotopic noxious stimulus, the test stimulus (TS). Cognitive processes are known to influence pain perception and might impact the underlying mechanisms of CPM. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes the existing scientific literature addressing the influence of cognitive factors, namely, expectations and attention on CPM. Four electronic databases were searched to identify relevant literature. Risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed according to two modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scales and the GRADE approach, respectively. Twenty-four articles were included. Qualitative analysis showed more efficient CPM when pain relief is expected, and an association between intrinsic attention to pain and reduced CPM. Although the evidence is not unanimous, meta-analyses showed that CPM is more efficient when attention is directed towards the CS versus the TS, and is not influenced by distraction. In conclusion, while CPM seems robust to attentional distraction, expectations and attentional focus appear to influence CPM. However, the evidence is limited and conflicting and warrants further study in order to prevent cognitive confounding and enhance mechanistic understanding.
{"title":"The influence of expectations and attention on conditioned pain modulation: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Amber Billens , Sophie Van Oosterwijck , Evy Dhondt , Mira Meeus , Indra De Greef , Stefaan Van Damme , Jessica Van Oosterwijck","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102517","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102517","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Conditioned pain modulation (CPM) is a psychophysical experimental measure of endogenous pain inhibition in humans. Within this paradigm, one noxious stimulus, the conditioning stimulus (CS), reduces the pain perception from another heterotopic noxious stimulus, the test stimulus (TS). Cognitive processes are known to influence pain perception and might impact the underlying mechanisms of CPM. This systematic review and meta-analysis synthesizes the existing scientific literature addressing the influence of cognitive factors, namely, expectations and attention on CPM. Four electronic databases were searched to identify relevant literature. Risk of bias and quality of evidence were assessed according to two modified Newcastle-Ottawa Scales and the GRADE approach, respectively. Twenty-four articles were included. Qualitative analysis showed more efficient CPM when pain relief is expected, and an association between intrinsic attention to pain and reduced CPM. Although the evidence is not unanimous, meta-analyses showed that CPM is more efficient when attention is directed towards the CS versus the TS, and is not influenced by distraction. In conclusion, while CPM seems robust to attentional distraction, expectations and attentional focus appear to influence CPM. However, the evidence is limited and conflicting and warrants further study in order to prevent cognitive confounding and enhance mechanistic understanding.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102517"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630786","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-11-05DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102515
Vasile Sîrbu , Oana Alexandra David
Stress is a significant mental health concern for the general population, highlighting the need for effective and scalable solutions, such as mobile health (mHealth) app interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of mHealth apps designed primarily to reduce stress and distress in non-clinical and subclinical populations. A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to August 2024, including studies that measured both self-reported and physiological stress outcomes. 80 studies were analyzed. A small but significant effect size (g = 0.33) was found for self-reported stress outcomes, with studies that used specific active controls, operated in naturalistic contexts, and had a low risk of bias showing significantly lower effect sizes. A similarly small effect size was observed for physiological outcomes (g = 0.24). Notably, studies that employed muscle and breathing relaxation, meditation strategies, personalized guidance, experimental usage settings, and measured acute stress responses demonstrated significantly higher effect sizes. Further analysis of specific physiological systems revealed small effect sizes for autonomic (g = 0.32) and cardiac outcomes (g = 0.36). The significant effects observed across both psychological and physiological outcomes support the efficacy and potential of mHealth apps for the self-management of stress responses in the broader population.
{"title":"Efficacy of app-based mobile health interventions for stress management: A systematic review and meta-analysis of self-reported, physiological, and neuroendocrine stress-related outcomes","authors":"Vasile Sîrbu , Oana Alexandra David","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102515","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102515","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Stress is a significant mental health concern for the general population, highlighting the need for effective and scalable solutions, such as mobile health (mHealth) app interventions. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to investigate the effects of mHealth apps designed primarily to reduce stress and distress in non-clinical and subclinical populations. A comprehensive literature search was conducted up to August 2024, including studies that measured both self-reported and physiological stress outcomes. 80 studies were analyzed. A small but significant effect size (<em>g</em> = 0.33) was found for self-reported stress outcomes, with studies that used specific active controls, operated in naturalistic contexts, and had a low risk of bias showing significantly lower effect sizes. A similarly small effect size was observed for physiological outcomes (<em>g</em> = 0.24). Notably, studies that employed muscle and breathing relaxation, meditation strategies, personalized guidance, experimental usage settings, and measured acute stress responses demonstrated significantly higher effect sizes. Further analysis of specific physiological systems revealed small effect sizes for autonomic (<em>g</em> = 0.32) and cardiac outcomes (<em>g</em> = 0.36). The significant effects observed across both psychological and physiological outcomes support the efficacy and potential of mHealth apps for the self-management of stress responses in the broader population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102515"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-11-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630781","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-10-30DOI: 10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102514
Julia C. Beker , Martin J. Dorahy , Jaimee Moir , Jacinta Cording
Individuals with dissociative identity disorder (DID) often report an inability to retrieve memories associated with other identities, termed inter-identity amnesia (IIA). Research investigating IIA has amassed, and interest surrounds whether objective deficits in retrieval mechanisms necessarily underlie the experience of IIA. This study conducted a systematic literature review with meta-analyses to examine current findings on IIA in DID. In particular, we explored whether DID patients' clinical reports of retrieval failure across identities were substantiated by controlled measures of memory. Nineteen empirical and four case studies informed the systematic review. The meta-analyses comprised twelve of the included studies. The systematic review findings suggested a degree of inter-identity memory transfer, a conclusion which was supported by two of the four meta-analyses. The remaining two meta-analyses evidenced patterns closer to IIA. Closer examination drew attention to methodological considerations that may limit definitive conclusions drawn from present studies. These include substantial heterogeneity between participants' scores which is masked by group statistics, a small and homogenous cumulative sample, limited research teams, and minimal domains of memory assessed. The paper urges a nuanced understanding of the phenomenon of IIA in light of current findings.
分离性身份识别障碍（DID）患者经常报告无法检索与其他身份相关的记忆，这被称为身份间遗忘症（IIA）。有关 IIA 的研究已经很多，人们对检索机制的客观缺陷是否一定是 IIA 体验的基础产生了兴趣。本研究通过系统性文献综述和荟萃分析，对目前有关 DID IIA 的研究结果进行了研究。特别是，我们探讨了 DID 患者关于跨身份检索失败的临床报告是否得到了对照记忆测量的证实。19项实证研究和4项病例研究为系统综述提供了信息。荟萃分析包括所纳入研究中的 12 项。系统综述的结果表明，身份间记忆有一定程度的转移，这一结论得到了四项荟萃分析中两项的支持。其余两项荟萃分析的模式更接近于 IIA。仔细研究会发现，方法上的考虑可能会限制从目前的研究中得出明确的结论。这些因素包括被分组统计所掩盖的参与者得分之间的巨大异质性、累积样本量小而单一、研究团队有限以及评估的记忆领域极少。本文呼吁根据目前的研究结果对 IIA 现象进行细致入微的理解。
{"title":"Inter-identity amnesia and memory transfer in dissociative identity disorder: A systematic review with a meta-analysis","authors":"Julia C. Beker , Martin J. Dorahy , Jaimee Moir , Jacinta Cording","doi":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102514","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.cpr.2024.102514","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Individuals with dissociative identity disorder (DID) often report an inability to retrieve memories associated with other identities, termed inter-identity amnesia (IIA). Research investigating IIA has amassed, and interest surrounds whether objective deficits in retrieval mechanisms necessarily underlie the experience of IIA. This study conducted a systematic literature review with meta-analyses to examine current findings on IIA in DID. In particular, we explored whether DID patients' clinical reports of retrieval failure across identities were substantiated by controlled measures of memory. Nineteen empirical and four case studies informed the systematic review. The meta-analyses comprised twelve of the included studies. The systematic review findings suggested a degree of inter-identity memory transfer, a conclusion which was supported by two of the four meta-analyses. The remaining two meta-analyses evidenced patterns closer to IIA. Closer examination drew attention to methodological considerations that may limit definitive conclusions drawn from present studies. These include substantial heterogeneity between participants' scores which is masked by group statistics, a small and homogenous cumulative sample, limited research teams, and minimal domains of memory assessed. The paper urges a nuanced understanding of the phenomenon of IIA in light of current findings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48458,"journal":{"name":"Clinical Psychology Review","volume":"114 ","pages":"Article 102514"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2024-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142630783","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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