Personality and Individual Differences最新文献

英文中文

Personality and coping: A systematic review of recent literature

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113119

Christopher Guadalupe , Hilary L. DeShong

This systematic review examines the relationship between personality traits and coping strategies, with an emphasis on addressing theoretical and methodological challenges highlighted in Carver's (2010) foundational work. Drawing on 75 studies published between 2010 and 2024, the review reveals consistent findings linking the Five-Factor Model (FFM) traits to specific coping domains: conscientiousness, extraversion, and openness are associated with problem-focused coping, while neuroticism is strongly linked to avoidant coping. Variability in the associations with emotion-focused coping underscores definitional and measurement inconsistencies in the coping literature. The review identifies two primary issues: a lack of a unified coping theory and inconsistent use of validated measures, with 21 distinct coping tools observed. Additionally, most studies employed cross-sectional designs, limiting conclusions about more complex relationships between personality and coping. This review highlights the need for greater cohesion and methodological rigor to advance understanding and application of personality-coping research. Recommendations include the adoption of FFM facets for greater precision, the use and measurement of personality traits outside of just the FFM, adherence to validated coping frameworks, and the use of longitudinal and experimental methods to explore causal pathways and cyclical relationships.

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引用次数: 0

Variation exists in the expression of romantic love: A cluster analytic study of young adults experiencing romantic love

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113108

Adam Bode , Phillip S. Kavanagh

Variation exists in the expression of romantic love, but to date, no studies have specifically investigated this phenomenon. This study employed a TwoStep cluster analysis to group 809 partnered young adults experiencing romantic love from the Romantic Love Survey 2022 according to intensity of romantic love, obsessive thinking, commitment, and frequency of sex per week. The results revealed four clusters: (i) mild romantic lovers (20.02 %) characterized by the lowest intensity, lowest obsessive thinking, lowest commitment, and lowest frequency of sex; (ii) moderate romantic lovers (40.91 %), characterized by relatively low intensity, relatively low obsessive thinking, relatively high commitment, and relatively moderate frequency of sex; (iii) libidinous romantic lovers (9.64 %), characterized by relatively high intensity, relatively high obsessive thinking, relatively high commitment, and exceptionally high frequency of sex; and (iv) intense romantic lovers (29.42 %), characterized by the highest intensity, highest obsessive thinking, highest commitment, and relatively high frequency of sex. Each cluster differs on a range of personal and relationship characteristics. The findings can generate theory and hypotheses about romantic love and provide impetus for future research.

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引用次数: 0

Predicting depressive symptomatology and resiliency during COVID-19: An embodied attachment perspective

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113110

Sydney E. Hooper , E. Lisa Price , Enrico DiTommaso , Samantha M. Munro

The purpose of this study was to explore recollected caregiver sensitivity and embodied attachment and their relation to depressive symptomatology and resiliency during COVID-19. The study involved 279 participants from the USA and Canada who completed an online survey. The research expanded on the previous work of Dobson et al. (2022) on their study of depressive symptomatology from an embodied attachment perspective, by examining the relationships in a broader population. The present study also examined resiliency from an embodied attachment perspective, as there has been limited research in this area. The data were analyzed using bootstrapped regressions. Two significant three-way interactions between caregiver sensitivity, attachment avoidance, and attachment anxiety were found in predicting resilience and depressive symptomatology. These three-way interactions partially supported the hypotheses and gave a more nuanced understanding of the relationship between caregiver sensitivity and adult attachment style as predictors of resilience and depressive symptomatology.

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引用次数: 0

Multiple goal salience and emotion regulation in negative-feedback situations: A latent profile analysis

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-27 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113113

Felix Grundmann, Kai Epstude, Susanne Scheibe

People react very differently to negative feedback. From an emotion-regulation perspective, this can be explained by reference to their salient goals, such as to feel or to perform better. In the present research, we adopted a person-centered approach to 1) identify subgroups of negative feedback recipients based on the salience of their goals to feel and to perform better, 2) predict profile membership using situational and dispositional context factors, and 3) link these profiles to differences in strategy use. Based on a secondary dataset from four negative-feedback studies (N = 666), latent profile analysis revealed four profiles with relatively similar levels of the salience of the goal to feel better but differences in the salience of the goal to perform better. The extent to which negative feedback recipients pay attention to their emotions, consider the feedback legitimate, and experience intense negative affect predicted profile membership. Members of profiles with a strong goal to perform better tended to use more engagement (reappraisal, feedback focus) and less disengagement strategies (distraction, feedback removal). These results demonstrate the value of the person-centered approach when studying emotion regulation and illustrate shared characteristics of negative feedback recipients that differ in their emotion-regulation strategy use.

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引用次数: 0

The relationship between task value, mental fatigue, and motivation: The role of trait mindfulness

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113120

Natalia Wójcik, Marta Maj

Mental fatigue is the core sensation arising during mental effort investment. It has been claimed that it is impacted by valuation processes and influences motivation. However, there is a scarcity of studies examining the interplay between subjective value of the task, mental fatigue, and the motivation to invest effort. We addressed this issue in the present study. We also examined how trait mindfulness relates to these processes. In an online study, participants (N = 241) filled the FFMQ and performed tasks which engaged mental effort. Participants answered questions regarding the main dependent variables, i.e., mental fatigue, value of the task, and motivation to invest effort. The results of mediation analyses showed a consistent negative relation between the perceived value and mental fatigue, and a negative relation between mental fatigue and motivation to invest further effort. We have also shown that trait mindfulness is positively related to the perceived value of the task, which further relates to lesser fatigue and finally higher motivation to invest effort, however, the mediation path through value only is the strongest and most reliable one. Overall, our results inform the current debate on mental fatigue origins and provide insight into the relationship between trait mindfulness and motivational processes.

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引用次数: 0

Longitudinal associations between authentic inner compass and depressive symptoms among college students: A latent curve model with structured residuals

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113118

Xiting Zhou , Yonghe Ti , Jun Wei , Tiran Li

Prior cross-sectional research has shown that authentic inner compass (AIC) is negatively associated with depressive symptoms (DS), but the longitudinal associations between AIC and DS remain unexamined. This study separated the between-person trajectories of AIC and DS, and identified the within-person associations between AIC and DS using the latent curve model with structured residuals. The participants were 744 Chinese college students (69.6 % female; M_age = 18.61 at the baseline survey) who reported their AIC and DS once a year across their four-year college period. The results showed that, at the between-person level, the initial levels and growth rates of AIC and DS were not associated with each other. At the within-person level, deviations in AIC from the expected AIC trajectory were negatively associated with deviations in DS from the expected DS trajectory one year later among college students, but the reverse associations were not found. These findings highlight the protective role of AIC in the development of DS within individuals, suggesting that taking measures to enhance college students' AIC may be a feasible strategy for intervening in their increasingly prevalent DS.

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引用次数: 0

The dual processes of embeddedness and networking as mechanisms linking extraversion and withdrawal

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-26 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113112

Young-Kook Moon , Kimberly E. O'Brien , Neil D. Christiansen

Although certain aspects of extraversion have been linked to employee turnover (e.g., sociability and ambition), research has found that the overall effect of the global trait is negligible. Based on socioanalytic theory that describes workplace motivation in terms of cooperation and competition, the current study investigated how extraversion may manifest as organizational embeddedness (“getting along”) and external networking behavior (“getting ahead”) that in turn lead to changes in turnover. In Study 1, a cross-sectional design using a South Korean sample (N = 286), extraversion was linked to higher embeddedness that in turn led to lower turnover intentions, as well as an increase in external networking behavior that was associated with higher turnover intentions. Study 2 confirmed these results using a two-time wave of US employee sample (N = 360) and voluntary turnover as the outcome.

引用次数: 0

Feeling fine about being impaired: Narcissism, impairment and wellbeing

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-25 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113114

William Hart, Braden T. Hall, Peter Castagna

People's life impairments can create decrements in wellbeing that can motivate people to seek productive changes. Classic perspectives on narcissism presume that narcissistic individuals are too unconcerned with their impairments (e.g., they presumably “feel fine” despite the impairment); however, in light of the “antagonistic-buffering hypothesis” (the idea that people with antagonistic personality features suffer less decrements in wellbeing from their impairments), we tested whether only antagonistic narcissism (rather than neurotic or agentic narcissism) would buffer people against the decrements in wellbeing that arise from life impairment. Participants (N = 437) completed validated measures of narcissistic antagonism, narcissistic agency, and narcissistic neuroticism along with impairment in various life domains and two signifiers of wellbeing (life satisfaction and self-esteem). Results supported the antagonistic-buffering hypothesis: although narcissistic antagonism and neuroticism were each associated with greater impairment, only narcissistic antagonism reduced the negative association between impairment and wellbeing. The findings support the application of the antagonistic-buffering hypothesis to narcissism and, in turn, provide a better understanding of the complex interplay between narcissism, impairment, and wellbeing.

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引用次数: 0

The relationship between personality and within-person within-semester performance variability

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113115

You Zhou, Paul R. Sackett, Thomas Brothen

Most studies of student performance focus on the between-person measures, such as GPA, which ignore the within-person variability across a time period and meaningful differences in performance at the individual level. Operationalizing grade variability as the standard deviation of grades in a single course across a semester, we explored a number of personal predictors, including personality, test anxiety, procrastination, and self-efficacy, of students' performance consistency over time. The results indicate that industriousness and intellect aspects negatively predict grade variability and the openness aspect positively predicts grade variability. Therefore, students with a high level of industriousness and intellect tend to perform more consistently and those who are high on openness tend to exhibit a more inconsistent performance pattern across a semester. Our study taps into the temporal stability aspect of student performance and carries implications for potential intervention opportunities for students low on industriousness and intellect, and high on openness.

大多数关于学生成绩的研究都侧重于人与人之间的衡量标准，如 GPA，而忽略了人与人之间在不同时期的差异性以及个人水平上有意义的成绩差异。我们将成绩变异性定义为一门课程在一学期内的成绩标准差，探讨了学生在一段时间内成绩一致性的一些个人预测因素，包括个性、考试焦虑、拖延症和自我效能感。结果表明，勤奋和智力方面对成绩变异性有负面预测作用，而开放性方面对成绩变异性有正面预测作用。因此，勤奋和智力水平高的学生往往成绩更稳定，而开放性高的学生往往在一学期中表现出更不稳定的成绩模式。我们的研究探讨了学生成绩的时间稳定性问题，为勤奋和智力水平低、开放性高的学生提供了潜在的干预机会。

引用次数: 0

Comparing the characteristics of mate preference between China and Hungary

IF 3.5 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2025-02-22 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113116

Lijun Chen , Yushu Xun , Xiaoliu Jiang , Beáta Bőthe , Zsolt Demetrovics

This study assessed the applicability of the Mate Preference Scale (MPS) across different populations and compared the characteristics of mate preferences among individuals from various cultural backgrounds and genders. A total of 924 Chinese participants (30.33 ± 5.67 years; 52.3 % men) and 12,074 Hungarian participants (30.69 ± 8.86 years; 50.9 % men) were recruited online to evaluate the suitability of the MPS for the Chinese population using confirmatory factor analysis and measurement invariance tests. Subsequent network analysis revealed how mate preferences between China and Hungary differ. The findings indicated that the MPS was almost consistent and applicable across cultures. Dominance emerged as the most influential factor in the mate preferences plot for both the Chinese and Hungarian samples. Both countries showed three similar mate preference communities represented as “good parents,” “good genes,” and “good resources,” but with the notable difference that dominance was categorized under “good parents” in the Chinese context and “good resources” in the Hungarian context. Moreover, descriptive and network analysis both indicated that gender differences were more pronounced in Hungary than in China.

本研究评估了配偶偏好量表（MPS）在不同人群中的适用性，并比较了来自不同文化背景和性别的个体的配偶偏好特征。本研究共在线招募了 924 名中国参与者（30.33 ± 5.67 岁；52.3% 为男性）和 12074 名匈牙利参与者（30.69 ± 8.86 岁；50.9% 为男性），通过确认性因子分析和测量不变量检验来评估伴侣偏好量表在中国人群中的适用性。随后的网络分析揭示了中国和匈牙利的配偶偏好有何不同。研究结果表明，MPS 在不同文化中几乎是一致和适用的。在中国和匈牙利样本的配偶偏好图中，"支配地位 "是最有影响力的因素。中匈两国都表现出三个相似的配偶偏好群体，分别代表 "好父母"、"好基因 "和 "好资源"，但明显不同的是，中国的优势被归类到 "好父母 "中，而匈牙利的优势被归类到 "好资源 "中。此外，描述性分析和网络分析都表明，匈牙利的性别差异比中国更明显。

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引用次数: 0

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Personality and Individual Differences

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