Pub Date : 2025-01-22DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113057
Yanting Wang , Yaqi Gao , Dong Ju
Organizational research has recently begun to explore self-compassion; however, empirical studies have primarily focused on its effects within individuals. Thus, the impact of employee self-compassion on interpersonal behavior and its underlying mechanisms remain relatively unexplored. Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, we examine how self-compassion influences helping behavior via perspective-taking. We hypothesize that self-compassion can foster employee helping behavior by enhancing perspective-taking, and that supervisor bottom-line mentality can inhibit the process. To test our hypotheses, we conducted two empirical studies: the first is a scenario-based experiment with 110 participants and the second is a multi-wave, multi-source survey involving 618 leader–subordinate dyads. Our results reveal that self-compassion can foster employee helping behavior by enhancing perspective-taking. Moreover, a strong supervisor bottom-line mentality can inhibit these positive effects. These findings provide new insights into the role of self-compassion in shaping interpersonal relationships within organizations and underscore the potential negative impact of a bottom-line mentality among supervisors. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.
{"title":"Linking self-compassion to helping behavior: The moderating effect of supervisor bottom-line mentality","authors":"Yanting Wang , Yaqi Gao , Dong Ju","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113057","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113057","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Organizational research has recently begun to explore self-compassion; however, empirical studies have primarily focused on its effects within individuals. Thus, the impact of employee self-compassion on interpersonal behavior and its underlying mechanisms remain relatively unexplored. Drawing on conservation of resources (COR) theory, we examine how self-compassion influences helping behavior via perspective-taking. We hypothesize that self-compassion can foster employee helping behavior by enhancing perspective-taking, and that supervisor bottom-line mentality can inhibit the process. To test our hypotheses, we conducted two empirical studies: the first is a scenario-based experiment with 110 participants and the second is a multi-wave, multi-source survey involving 618 leader–subordinate dyads. Our results reveal that self-compassion can foster employee helping behavior by enhancing perspective-taking. Moreover, a strong supervisor bottom-line mentality can inhibit these positive effects. These findings provide new insights into the role of self-compassion in shaping interpersonal relationships within organizations and underscore the potential negative impact of a bottom-line mentality among supervisors. Theoretical and practical implications are discussed.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113057"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113050
Wan-Lan Chen , Shao-Hua Chung
This study investigated the developmental trajectories and reciprocal relationships between academic procrastination and emotion regulation difficulties across a semester. We assessed 294 university students at three time points using both Latent Growth Curve Modeling (LGCM) and Cross-Lagged Panel Modeling (CLPM). LGCM results revealed that while both constructs increased over time, procrastination showed consistent growth whereas emotion regulation difficulties stabilized after initial increase. Individual differences were found in both initial levels of procrastination and emotion regulation difficulties, but only procrastination showed significant variance in rates of change. CLPM analyses demonstrated that the relationship between these variables shifted from bidirectional to unidirectional as the semester progressed, with emotion dysregulation emerging as the stronger predictor. Higher initial levels of procrastination predicted steeper increases in emotion regulation difficulties, and vice versa. These findings suggest that early intervention targeting both emotional and behavioral aspects might be most effective, particularly before these patterns become established. The results extend our understanding of how these constructs dynamically influence each other over time, contributing to both theoretical frameworks and practical interventions.
{"title":"Academic procrastination and emotion regulation: Parallel trajectories and reciprocal influences over an academic semester","authors":"Wan-Lan Chen , Shao-Hua Chung","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the developmental trajectories and reciprocal relationships between academic procrastination and emotion regulation difficulties across a semester. We assessed 294 university students at three time points using both Latent Growth Curve Modeling (LGCM) and Cross-Lagged Panel Modeling (CLPM). LGCM results revealed that while both constructs increased over time, procrastination showed consistent growth whereas emotion regulation difficulties stabilized after initial increase. Individual differences were found in both initial levels of procrastination and emotion regulation difficulties, but only procrastination showed significant variance in rates of change. CLPM analyses demonstrated that the relationship between these variables shifted from bidirectional to unidirectional as the semester progressed, with emotion dysregulation emerging as the stronger predictor. Higher initial levels of procrastination predicted steeper increases in emotion regulation difficulties, and vice versa. These findings suggest that early intervention targeting both emotional and behavioral aspects might be most effective, particularly before these patterns become established. The results extend our understanding of how these constructs dynamically influence each other over time, contributing to both theoretical frameworks and practical interventions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113050"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113044
Yi Jing Chua , Andree Hartanto , Nadyanna M. Majeed
Trait mindfulness has been linked to various adaptive outcomes, including attenuated affective and cognitive responses to laboratory-induced stress. However, the role of trait mindfulness as a resilience factor against daily stressors exposures is less established. Across 2 studies, multilevel analysis was used to examine the relationships between trait mindfulness and daily affect and cognition, as well as affective and cognitive reactivity to and recovery from everyday stressor exposure. Trait mindfulness was significantly associated with higher daily positive affect in both studies, lower negative affect and cognitive failure, and lower cognitive reactivity to daily stressor exposure in Study 2. However, trait mindfulness did not attenuate cognitive reactivity in Study 1, nor affective reactivity to daily stressor exposure and affective and cognitive recovery from previous-day stressor exposure in both studies. Overall, results suggest that the mechanisms underlying the affective and cognitive buffering effect of trait mindfulness are not stress specific.
{"title":"Trait mindfulness is associated with enhanced daily affectivity and cognition independent of daily stressors exposure: Insights from large-scale daily diary studies in the US and Singapore","authors":"Yi Jing Chua , Andree Hartanto , Nadyanna M. Majeed","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Trait mindfulness has been linked to various adaptive outcomes, including attenuated affective and cognitive responses to laboratory-induced stress. However, the role of trait mindfulness as a resilience factor against daily stressors exposures is less established. Across 2 studies, multilevel analysis was used to examine the relationships between trait mindfulness and daily affect and cognition, as well as affective and cognitive reactivity to and recovery from everyday stressor exposure. Trait mindfulness was significantly associated with higher daily positive affect in both studies, lower negative affect and cognitive failure, and lower cognitive reactivity to daily stressor exposure in Study 2. However, trait mindfulness did not attenuate cognitive reactivity in Study 1, nor affective reactivity to daily stressor exposure and affective and cognitive recovery from previous-day stressor exposure in both studies. Overall, results suggest that the mechanisms underlying the affective and cognitive buffering effect of trait mindfulness are not stress specific.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113044"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155269","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-18DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113048
Laura E. Quiñones-Camacho , Kirsten E. Gilbert , Laura Hennefield , Caroline Hoyniak , Renee J. Thompson , Rebecca Tillman , Deanna M. Barch , Joan L. Luby , Diana J. Whalen
While previous research highlights the significance of parenting and family dynamics in adolescent suicidal thoughts and behavior (STBs), there has been a limited focus on how early caregiver-child affective patterns may influence preadolescent STBs. This is important given the rise of STBs in preadolescents. This study employed a dynamic systems approach to explore the role of in-the-moment affective dynamics in caregiver-preschooler interactions on STB risk, focusing on affective variability and shared (positive, neutral, and negative) affect as risk factors for preschool and preadolescent STBs. Children (N = 135, X with a preschool depression) and their caregivers participated in a longitudinal study; STBs were assessed using clinical diagnostic interviews at preschool (ages 3–7 years) and in preadolescence (ages 8–12 years). Two groups were created to characterize history of STBs across the two periods: no/remitted-STBs and emerged/persistent STBs. During the preschool assessment, caregiver-child dyads completed two interaction tasks coded offline. State Space Grids (SSGs) were used to derive measures of dyadic affective flexibility and shared affect. Caregiver-preschooler affective dynamics were examined as predictors of STB history. Greater affective flexibility, less shared positive affect, and more shared neutral affect predicted a higher likelihood of preadolescent STBs. Follow-up analyses with all dyadic variables revealed the unique contributions of affective flexibility and less positive shared affect predicting STB status even when controlling for child psychopathology and caregiver depression. Findings suggest affective dynamics within the caregiver-preschooler relationship are associated with later STBs, suggesting a potential dyadic risk marker for poor relationship quality in this population.
{"title":"Caregiver-child affective dynamics during preschool predict preadolescent suicidal thoughts and behaviors","authors":"Laura E. Quiñones-Camacho , Kirsten E. Gilbert , Laura Hennefield , Caroline Hoyniak , Renee J. Thompson , Rebecca Tillman , Deanna M. Barch , Joan L. Luby , Diana J. Whalen","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113048","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113048","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>While previous research highlights the significance of parenting and family dynamics in adolescent suicidal thoughts and behavior (STBs), there has been a limited focus on how early caregiver-child affective patterns may influence preadolescent STBs. This is important given the rise of STBs in preadolescents. This study employed a dynamic systems approach to explore the role of in-the-moment affective dynamics in caregiver-preschooler interactions on STB risk, focusing on affective variability and shared (positive, neutral, and negative) affect as risk factors for preschool and preadolescent STBs. Children (<em>N</em> = 135, X with a preschool depression) and their caregivers participated in a longitudinal study; STBs were assessed using clinical diagnostic interviews at preschool (ages 3–7 years) and in preadolescence (ages 8–12 years). Two groups were created to characterize history of STBs across the two periods: no/remitted-STBs and emerged/persistent STBs. During the preschool assessment, caregiver-child dyads completed two interaction tasks coded offline. State Space Grids (SSGs) were used to derive measures of dyadic affective flexibility and shared affect. Caregiver-preschooler affective dynamics were examined as predictors of STB history. Greater affective flexibility, less shared positive affect, and more shared neutral affect predicted a higher likelihood of preadolescent STBs. Follow-up analyses with all dyadic variables revealed the unique contributions of affective flexibility and less positive shared affect predicting STB status even when controlling for child psychopathology and caregiver depression. Findings suggest affective dynamics within the caregiver-preschooler relationship are associated with later STBs, suggesting a potential dyadic risk marker for poor relationship quality in this population.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113048"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155277","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.113038
J.L Kingston , A. Dunford , A.K.C. Chau , S.H. So , V. Pile
Paranoia describes an anxious over-anticipation of intentional harm from others, which is common in young adults. Whilst vivid emotional mental imagery (EMI) has an established role in understanding persecutory delusions, its association with paranoia in general population young adults is unknown. We tested whether the vividness of imagery for different types of negative future events differentiated paranoia from anxiety. Specifically, we varied future scenario content by virtue of interpersonal content and level of intentionality (non-interpersonal, interpersonal and interpersonal-intentional), as well as examining whether one's capacity for present moment awareness moderated the relationship between negative imagery and paranoia. The design was a cross-sectional survey with UK dwelling young adults (n = 120, 19.6 years). Participants completed questionnaires, including an adapted version of the Prospective Imagery Task. Paranoia was associated with experiencing more vivid negative imagery for future events that were interpersonal and intentional in nature, whereas anxiety was associated with future negative imagery of non-interpersonal content. A lower ability to remain in the present moment intensified the relationship between imagery vividness and paranoia. These findings provide a first step in understanding a potentially important relationship between prospective imagery and paranoia and provide a springboard to develop novel approaches to expand our repertoire of interventions for young adults with paranoia.
{"title":"Vivid images of future harm: The relationship between paranoia, prospective imagery and present moment awareness","authors":"J.L Kingston , A. Dunford , A.K.C. Chau , S.H. So , V. Pile","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113038","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113038","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Paranoia describes an anxious over-anticipation of intentional harm from others, which is common in young adults. Whilst vivid emotional mental imagery (EMI) has an established role in understanding persecutory delusions, its association with paranoia in general population young adults is unknown. We tested whether the vividness of imagery for different types of negative future events differentiated paranoia from anxiety. Specifically, we varied future scenario content by virtue of interpersonal content and level of intentionality (non-interpersonal, interpersonal and interpersonal-intentional), as well as examining whether one's capacity for present moment awareness moderated the relationship between negative imagery and paranoia. The design was a cross-sectional survey with UK dwelling young adults (<em>n</em> = 120, 19.6 years). Participants completed questionnaires, including an adapted version of the Prospective Imagery Task. Paranoia was associated with experiencing more vivid negative imagery for future events that were interpersonal and intentional in nature, whereas anxiety was associated with future negative imagery of non-interpersonal content. A lower ability to remain in the present moment intensified the relationship between imagery vividness and paranoia. These findings provide a first step in understanding a potentially important relationship between prospective imagery and paranoia and provide a springboard to develop novel approaches to expand our repertoire of interventions for young adults with paranoia.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113038"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143154628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.113032
Giuseppe Salvo , Cristina Ottaviani , Francesco Mancini
Two separate meta-analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses that moral transgressions elicit disgust and that inducing disgust may intensify moral judgments. The data supported both the elicitation hypothesis (k = 78; g = 0.55) and the amplification hypothesis (k = 101; g = 0.40). When examining the moderating effects of person- and measurement-related characteristics, a stronger link between morality and disgust was found in Western and Caucasian cultures compared to Asian and Eastern cultures. Trait disgust sensitivity, as opposed to state disgust sensitivity, had a more pronounced impact on moral attitudes. Disgust was most strongly associated with violations of purity and deontological morality, particularly in relation to sex- and religion-related issues. Larger effects were also observed when the direction of disgust aligned with the orientation of moral judgment. Keeping in mind the limitation of substantial heterogeneity, these findings underscore the importance of methodological approaches, sample characteristics, and individual differences in studying the bidirectional relationship between disgust and morality.
{"title":"Bidirectional interplay of disgust and morality: Meta-analytic investigations","authors":"Giuseppe Salvo , Cristina Ottaviani , Francesco Mancini","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113032","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113032","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Two separate meta-analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses that moral transgressions elicit disgust and that inducing disgust may intensify moral judgments. The data supported both the elicitation hypothesis (<em>k</em> = 78; <em>g</em> = 0.55) and the amplification hypothesis (<em>k</em> = 101; <em>g</em> = 0.40). When examining the moderating effects of person- and measurement-related characteristics, a stronger link between morality and disgust was found in Western and Caucasian cultures compared to Asian and Eastern cultures. Trait disgust sensitivity, as opposed to state disgust sensitivity, had a more pronounced impact on moral attitudes. Disgust was most strongly associated with violations of purity and deontological morality, particularly in relation to sex- and religion-related issues. Larger effects were also observed when the direction of disgust aligned with the orientation of moral judgment. Keeping in mind the limitation of substantial heterogeneity, these findings underscore the importance of methodological approaches, sample characteristics, and individual differences in studying the bidirectional relationship between disgust and morality.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 113032"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113041
William Costello , Andrew G. Thomas
Incels (involuntary celibates) are an online subculture of men who form their identity around their perceived inability to form sexual or romantic relationships. Many incels have a nihilistic perspective of the self, strong misogynistic beliefs about women, and importantly share the view that society hates them. This novel study explores the gaps between incels' perceptions of themselves and what wider society actually thinks about them. Using survey data from 135 incels and 449 non-incels, we found that incels overestimated how much society blames them for their problems and underestimated how much society sympathizes with them. Notably, however, higher levels of feminist identity among non-incels were linked to decreased sympathy and heightened animosity towards incels. Both incels and non-incels alike, regardless of feminist identity, agreed that incels pose a danger to themselves. Further analysis revealed that only incels' perception of societal blame was predicted by loneliness, which suggests that incel identity itself exerts a more pervasive influence on their distorted beliefs about society than individual differences in loneliness. We discuss how real-world hostility towards incels may partially fuel their distorted views about society and how our findings might inform therapeutic approaches to promote healthier social integration.
{"title":"Seeing through the black-pill: Incels are wrong about what people think of them","authors":"William Costello , Andrew G. Thomas","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113041","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113041","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Incels (involuntary celibates) are an online subculture of men who form their identity around their perceived inability to form sexual or romantic relationships. Many incels have a nihilistic perspective of the self, strong misogynistic beliefs about women, and importantly share the view that society hates them. This novel study explores the gaps between incels' perceptions of themselves and what wider society actually thinks about them. Using survey data from 135 incels and 449 non-incels, we found that incels overestimated how much society blames them for their problems and underestimated how much society sympathizes with them. Notably, however, higher levels of feminist identity among non-incels were linked to decreased sympathy and heightened animosity towards incels. Both incels and non-incels alike, regardless of feminist identity, agreed that incels pose a danger to themselves. Further analysis revealed that only incels' perception of societal blame was predicted by loneliness, which suggests that incel identity itself exerts a more pervasive influence on their distorted beliefs about society than individual differences in loneliness. We discuss how real-world hostility towards incels may partially fuel their distorted views about society and how our findings might inform therapeutic approaches to promote healthier social integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113041"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155268","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-01-15DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2025.113051
Marius Mercier, Edgar Dubourg, Hugo Mercier
Feelings of insight can be triggered by making a scientific discovery, but also by discovering the culprit in a whodunit, or solving a riddle. While the intensity of these feelings varies between individuals, it is unclear whether some people consistently seek out insight across a wide range of stimuli. We conducted two studies to investigate this question. Study 1 (N = 189) revealed that individuals who enjoy one type of insight-generating content tend to enjoy other types as well. Study 2 (N = 470) showed that this interest differs from other types of curiosity, such as exploration and morbid curiosity. Together, these findings suggest that insight-seeking might be a distinct personality trait.
{"title":"Insight-seeking is consistent across domains and distinct from other forms of curiosity","authors":"Marius Mercier, Edgar Dubourg, Hugo Mercier","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113051","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113051","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Feelings of insight can be triggered by making a scientific discovery, but also by discovering the culprit in a whodunit, or solving a riddle. While the intensity of these feelings varies between individuals, it is unclear whether some people consistently seek out insight across a wide range of stimuli. We conducted two studies to investigate this question. Study 1 (<em>N</em> = 189) revealed that individuals who enjoy one type of insight-generating content tend to enjoy other types as well. Study 2 (<em>N</em> = 470) showed that this interest differs from other types of curiosity, such as exploration and morbid curiosity. Together, these findings suggest that insight-seeking might be a distinct personality trait.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113051"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155487","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Network theory suggests psychopathology reflects causal links between individual and psychological symptoms. However, most studies on internet gaming disorder (IGD) are cross-sectional, impeding causal conclusions and challenging IGD treatment in adolescents. Hence, our study employs cross-sectional and cross-lagged network analyses to investigate the link between adolescents' psychological traits and IGD. A longitudinal study with 1186 adolescents, surveyed in October 2022 and 2023, reveals developmental variability in IGD's core symptoms, implying a changing network outcome. The results of the study found that “Compensatory online game use” at T1 was the strongest predictor of subsequent IGD at T2. In contrast, “Low self-control” in the T2 network is the symptom most likely to be influenced. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between psychological characteristics and IGD among adolescents, offering valuable insights that can inform and improve prevention and intervention programs aimed at effectively addressing this issue.
{"title":"The relationship between adolescent psychological characteristics and internet gaming disorders: A cross-lagged panel network analysis","authors":"Leilei Liang , Tingting Gao , Tongshuang Yuan , Chengbin Zheng , Junsong Fei , Songli Mei","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113043","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113043","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Network theory suggests psychopathology reflects causal links between individual and psychological symptoms. However, most studies on internet gaming disorder (IGD) are cross-sectional, impeding causal conclusions and challenging IGD treatment in adolescents. Hence, our study employs cross-sectional and cross-lagged network analyses to investigate the link between adolescents' psychological traits and IGD. A longitudinal study with 1186 adolescents, surveyed in October 2022 and 2023, reveals developmental variability in IGD's core symptoms, implying a changing network outcome. The results of the study found that “Compensatory online game use” at T1 was the strongest predictor of subsequent IGD at T2. In contrast, “Low self-control” in the T2 network is the symptom most likely to be influenced. These findings provide a deeper understanding of the complex relationship between psychological characteristics and IGD among adolescents, offering valuable insights that can inform and improve prevention and intervention programs aimed at effectively addressing this issue.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113043"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigated the relationship between cognitive abilities measured using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV), memory functions measured using the Wechsler Memory Scales-IV (WMS-IV), and the five-factor model of personality, measured using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). All three measures were given to 330 participants aged between 18 and 74 years. Regression analysis was used to calculate how personality traits and WAIS-IV indices predict achievement on memory indices in one model and how personality traits and WMS-IV indices predict cognitive functions (indices of WAIS-IV) in another.
The results show that personality traits, mainly Neuroticism and Openness, are best predictors of intelligence scores and that based on the results of personality and memory, it is possible to predict approximately 50 % of the variance of total IQ. Regarding the possibility of predicting memory functions, the results show that results in intelligence indices are not significant predictors of success in memory tasks, and that only Conscientiousness significantly predicts success on the visual working memory. Overall, results indicate that better inferences can be drawn about intelligence based on memory scores than vice versa.
{"title":"Investigating the relationship between cognitive abilities, memory function, and personality traits: A study of the WAIS-IV, WMS-IV, and NEO-FFI","authors":"Krunoslav Matešić , Valentina Ružić , Slavka Galić","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113045","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2025.113045","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study investigated the relationship between cognitive abilities measured using the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale-IV (WAIS-IV), memory functions measured using the Wechsler Memory Scales-IV (WMS-IV), and the five-factor model of personality, measured using the NEO Five-Factor Inventory (NEO-FFI). All three measures were given to 330 participants aged between 18 and 74 years. Regression analysis was used to calculate how personality traits and WAIS-IV indices predict achievement on memory indices in one model and how personality traits and WMS-IV indices predict cognitive functions (indices of WAIS-IV) in another.</div><div>The results show that personality traits, mainly Neuroticism and Openness, are best predictors of intelligence scores and that based on the results of personality and memory, it is possible to predict approximately 50 % of the variance of total IQ. Regarding the possibility of predicting memory functions, the results show that results in intelligence indices are not significant predictors of success in memory tasks, and that only Conscientiousness significantly predicts success on the visual working memory. Overall, results indicate that better inferences can be drawn about intelligence based on memory scores than vice versa.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"237 ","pages":"Article 113045"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2025-01-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143155275","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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