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Cross-lagged relations between smartphone addiction and flourishing in adolescents
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.113008
Sinan Okur , Mustafa Çağrı Engin , Hasan Kütük , Seydi Ahmet Satıcı
Smartphone addiction has caused serious damage to the psychological health of adolescents. The aim of this longitudinal study was to clearly demonstrate the relationship between smartphone addiction and flourishing in adolescents. A total of 212 Turkish adolescents (Mage = 16.13, age range = 13–17) participated in the study at three time points, three months apart. Findings based on a cross-lagged panel model demonstrated that low levels of flourishing at Time 1 increased adolescents' smartphone addiction levels at Time 2. The results also revealed that smartphone addiction (Time 2) influenced flourishing (Time 3). These findings imply that a low level of flourishing increases smartphone addiction over time, and an increase in the level of smartphone addiction makes adolescents decrease their level of flourishing over time. The current findings offer important implications for mental health researchers and practitioners regarding the relationship between adolescents' smartphone addiction and flourishing level. Based on these implications, effective coping strategies and psycho-educational programs should be developed and implemented that can help increase flourishing and reduce the negative effects of smartphone addiction in adolescents.
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引用次数: 0
Unveiling the moderating effect of class problematic mobile phone use on learning burnout and state boredom: A linear mixed-effects model
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-16 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.113017
Chunchun Li , Lili Qu , Yao Chen, Xiaoqin Li, Gang Cheng
This study utilized a questionnaire approach to investigate college students' learning burnout, problematic mobile phone use, and state boredom. Data from 2888 students (Mage = 19.48, SD = 1.10; 2046 females, 842 males) across 42 classes were analyzed using mixed linear models. Results showed: (1) After controlling for gender and age, learning burnout positively predicted state boredom; (2) Class-level problematic mobile phone use significantly moderated this relationship, with stronger effects in classes with higher levels of problematic use. These findings highlight the importance of the classroom environment for students' mental health, aiding in understanding burnout mechanisms and facilitating intervention strategies to enhance learning motivation and mental well-being.
{"title":"Unveiling the moderating effect of class problematic mobile phone use on learning burnout and state boredom: A linear mixed-effects model","authors":"Chunchun Li ,&nbsp;Lili Qu ,&nbsp;Yao Chen,&nbsp;Xiaoqin Li,&nbsp;Gang Cheng","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study utilized a questionnaire approach to investigate college students' learning burnout, problematic mobile phone use, and state boredom. Data from 2888 students (<em>M</em><sub>age</sub> = 19.48, <em>SD</em> = 1.10; 2046 females, 842 males) across 42 classes were analyzed using mixed linear models. Results showed: (1) After controlling for gender and age, learning burnout positively predicted state boredom; (2) Class-level problematic mobile phone use significantly moderated this relationship, with stronger effects in classes with higher levels of problematic use. These findings highlight the importance of the classroom environment for students' mental health, aiding in understanding burnout mechanisms and facilitating intervention strategies to enhance learning motivation and mental well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 113017"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
An exploratory study on personality and ideological factors behind attitudes toward pedophilia in a convenient Greek sample
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.113014
Iraklis Grigoropoulos PhD
Much theoretical and applied interest is in understanding the social-psychological and personality elements concerning attitudes toward pedophilia. The current study examines an underexplored domain of research: the relationship between the D-factor of personality, the Light Triad traits, conservative ideological factors (i.e., conservative values and religiosity), and attitudes toward pedophilia.
An online cross-sectional research was conducted between March 3 to April 30, 2023. Two hundred and eighteen participants were recruited for this study. Given the exploratory nature of the investigation, convenience sampling was selected as the appropriate strategy, using social media platforms like Facebook and LinkedIn, as well as the snowball procedure. A multiple regression model was used to predict attitudes toward pedophilia from the other research variables (i.e., conservative values, religiosity) based on the importance of associations.
This study provides evidence that individuals could adopt attitudes toward pedophilia based not on their inherent personality characteristics but on their adherence to conservative moral frameworks. Research into the personality and ideological factors influencing attitudes toward pedophilia provides a crucial understanding of how individuals may form moral judgments and navigate complex societal issues.
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引用次数: 0
Perceived distress and life satisfaction among Chinese adolescents: A moderation model of growth mindset
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112997
Meng Yuan , Yuexin Li , Yan Wang , Ling Wang , Wenjing Yuan
Adolescents face numerous challenges that elevate stress levels during their developmental years, significantly impacting their life satisfaction and well-being. Previous research has consistently shown that the perception of stress, rather than the stressors themselves, influences individuals' well-being. Studies have also demonstrated that a growth mindset plays a crucial role in how individuals perceive and respond to stress. The current study aims to explore the moderating effect of the growth mindset on the relationship between perceived distress and life satisfaction. The model was tested with data from a sample of 356 ninth-grade students from a middle school in Beijing, China. Results indicate that a growth mindset significantly moderates the relationship between perceived distress and life satisfaction, attenuating the negative impact of perceived distress. Specifically, students with a high growth mindset exhibit greater life satisfaction when facing high-intensity stress, suggesting that a growth mindset is particularly beneficial for individuals who perceive higher levels of stress. These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation for the development of growth mindset intervention and contribute to the existing research on adolescent growth mindset interventions. The implications for educational and psychological practices are discussed, highlighting the potential of fostering a growth mindset to enhance adolescent well-being.
{"title":"Perceived distress and life satisfaction among Chinese adolescents: A moderation model of growth mindset","authors":"Meng Yuan ,&nbsp;Yuexin Li ,&nbsp;Yan Wang ,&nbsp;Ling Wang ,&nbsp;Wenjing Yuan","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112997","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112997","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Adolescents face numerous challenges that elevate stress levels during their developmental years, significantly impacting their life satisfaction and well-being. Previous research has consistently shown that the perception of stress, rather than the stressors themselves, influences individuals' well-being. Studies have also demonstrated that a growth mindset plays a crucial role in how individuals perceive and respond to stress. The current study aims to explore the moderating effect of the growth mindset on the relationship between perceived distress and life satisfaction. The model was tested with data from a sample of 356 ninth-grade students from a middle school in Beijing, China. Results indicate that a growth mindset significantly moderates the relationship between perceived distress and life satisfaction, attenuating the negative impact of perceived distress. Specifically, students with a high growth mindset exhibit greater life satisfaction when facing high-intensity stress, suggesting that a growth mindset is particularly beneficial for individuals who perceive higher levels of stress. These findings provide a robust theoretical foundation for the development of growth mindset intervention and contribute to the existing research on adolescent growth mindset interventions. The implications for educational and psychological practices are discussed, highlighting the potential of fostering a growth mindset to enhance adolescent well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 112997"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143123","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
You and me: The influence of personality on the trust process in (un)trustworthy, (un)familiar interactions
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.113007
August Capiola , Gene M. Alarcon , Krista N. Harris , Sarah A. Jessup , Izz aldin Hamdan , Jacob Noblick , Dexter Johnson
The trust process has been researched extensively. However, one under-researched aspect is the influence of individual differences on trust-relevant criteria in interactions comprising familiar versus unfamiliar partners who are (un)trustworthy. The present work manipulated both partner trustworthiness and familiarity in a mixed-design, examining the influence of propensity to trust and risk aversion in an in-person, collaborative task. Using a growth modeling approach, this work examined the influence of propensity to trust and risk aversion on the intercept and slope variance, respectively, of criteria of interest. Results demonstrated propensity to trust accounted for trustors’ intercept variance for benevolence and integrity perceptions, regardless of whether they knew the trustee. However, risk aversion did not predict criteria of interest. The results speak to the importance of assessing individual differences in psychological experiments investigating the trust process, motivating future work to further investigate the degree to which a trustor is familiar with the trustee and increased monetary risk in dyadic interactions.
{"title":"You and me: The influence of personality on the trust process in (un)trustworthy, (un)familiar interactions","authors":"August Capiola ,&nbsp;Gene M. Alarcon ,&nbsp;Krista N. Harris ,&nbsp;Sarah A. Jessup ,&nbsp;Izz aldin Hamdan ,&nbsp;Jacob Noblick ,&nbsp;Dexter Johnson","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.113007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The trust process has been researched extensively. However, one under-researched aspect is the influence of individual differences on trust-relevant criteria in interactions comprising familiar versus unfamiliar partners who are (un)trustworthy. The present work manipulated both partner trustworthiness and familiarity in a mixed-design, examining the influence of propensity to trust and risk aversion in an in-person, collaborative task. Using a growth modeling approach, this work examined the influence of propensity to trust and risk aversion on the intercept and slope variance, respectively, of criteria of interest. Results demonstrated propensity to trust accounted for trustors’ intercept variance for benevolence and integrity perceptions, regardless of whether they knew the trustee. However, risk aversion did not predict criteria of interest. The results speak to the importance of assessing individual differences in psychological experiments investigating the trust process, motivating future work to further investigate the degree to which a trustor is familiar with the trustee and increased monetary risk in dyadic interactions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 113007"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Relationship between eye movement behavior and vocational interests
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112975
Patricia Malitzke , Constance Richter , Stephan Schwan
The career choice is an important step in life. Popular vocational interest tests aim to adopt a self-reflective and text-based approach. As a result, young adults sometimes choose professions that offer good pay and job security; but their own interests fall by the wayside. Therefore, it is important to optimally support young people in finding a suitable career path. A new approach is the analysis of vocational interests through eye movement behavior. Eyes move involuntarily and deliver results beyond subjective, verbal tests. For this study, German adolescents between the ages of 16 and 19 were shown a picture with six professions that correspond to Holland's personality types (RIASEC = Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional). The results revealed that dwell time, fixation count and an image-related evaluation are suitable for determining interests. Not all eye movement data is adequate for measuring vocational interests. Time to first fixation did not show significant correlations. In addition, the visual representation of the RIASEC types must be precise, because the Conventional and Enterprising dimensions are very similar in terms of the working environment. This study thus provides the first foundations for a gaze-based vocational interest test.
{"title":"Relationship between eye movement behavior and vocational interests","authors":"Patricia Malitzke ,&nbsp;Constance Richter ,&nbsp;Stephan Schwan","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112975","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112975","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The career choice is an important step in life. Popular vocational interest tests aim to adopt a self-reflective and text-based approach. As a result, young adults sometimes choose professions that offer good pay and job security; but their own interests fall by the wayside. Therefore, it is important to optimally support young people in finding a suitable career path. A new approach is the analysis of vocational interests through eye movement behavior. Eyes move involuntarily and deliver results beyond subjective, verbal tests. For this study, German adolescents between the ages of 16 and 19 were shown a picture with six professions that correspond to Holland's personality types (RIASEC = Realistic, Investigative, Artistic, Social, Enterprising, Conventional). The results revealed that dwell time, fixation count and an image-related evaluation are suitable for determining interests. Not all eye movement data is adequate for measuring vocational interests. Time to first fixation did not show significant correlations. In addition, the visual representation of the RIASEC types must be precise, because the Conventional and Enterprising dimensions are very similar in terms of the working environment. This study thus provides the first foundations for a gaze-based vocational interest test.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 112975"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143119","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Humility and anger
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112980
Eddie Harmon-Jones , Mikey Xu , Kinga Szymaniak , Thomas F. Denson , Brandon J. Schmeichel , Cindy Harmon-Jones
Anger can be a destructive emotion that is difficult to regulate. One possible form of anger regulation comes from a small body of research suggesting that humility may be associated with lower anger. The current research tested whether trait and state (manipulated) humility are associated with lower anger-related responses. Studies 1 and 2 examined individual differences in humility and found that higher levels of general humility and intellectual humility related to lower levels of anger and direct hostile attributions but more benign attributions to ambiguous scenarios. Individuals higher in trait humility also reported more avoidance of confrontations and dislike of anger. Study 3 created a novel 5-day induction based on the components of humility, and found that it reduced anger more than did a comparison condition. These findings suggest that humble individuals and increases in humility may offset the harms associated with anger.
{"title":"Humility and anger","authors":"Eddie Harmon-Jones ,&nbsp;Mikey Xu ,&nbsp;Kinga Szymaniak ,&nbsp;Thomas F. Denson ,&nbsp;Brandon J. Schmeichel ,&nbsp;Cindy Harmon-Jones","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112980","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112980","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Anger can be a destructive emotion that is difficult to regulate. One possible form of anger regulation comes from a small body of research suggesting that humility may be associated with lower anger. The current research tested whether trait and state (manipulated) humility are associated with lower anger-related responses. Studies 1 and 2 examined individual differences in humility and found that higher levels of general humility and intellectual humility related to lower levels of anger and direct hostile attributions but more benign attributions to ambiguous scenarios. Individuals higher in trait humility also reported more avoidance of confrontations and dislike of anger. Study 3 created a novel 5-day induction based on the components of humility, and found that it reduced anger more than did a comparison condition. These findings suggest that humble individuals and increases in humility may offset the harms associated with anger.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 112980"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Individual differences in wellbeing dynamics: A genetically-informed comparison of Ecological Momentary Assessment and longitudinal survey data
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2024.112996
Lianne P. de Vries , Meike Bartels
Variability in wellbeing over time is related to mental health and can be measured at different timescales. Long-term wellbeing dynamics, assessed via longitudinal surveys, capture stability and change over months or years, while short-term dynamics, via Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), provide insights over moments or days. We investigated wellbeing dynamics at different timescales, using longitudinal data (N = 15,323, including 2784 complete twin pairs) and EMA data (N = 817, including 149 complete twin pairs) from the Netherlands Twin Register. Individuals with higher overall wellbeing, based on the average of longitudinal surveys, had lower variability over years, while short-term variability over one week was unrelated to overall wellbeing. Twin models estimated the heritability of long-term wellbeing intensity and variability at 43 % (95%CI: 39–46 %) and 12 % (95%CI: 8–17 %), respectively. MZ twin correlations indicated genetic influences on short-term positive and negative affect intensity (rMZ = 0.51 and 0.42) and variability (rMZ = 0.37 and 0.18). Heritability estimates should be interpreted with caution because of limited complete twin pairs, but were 51 %, 41 %, and 38 % for positive and negative affect intensity and positive affect variability, respectively, whereas negative affect variability was influenced by shared (22 %) and unique environment (78 %). These findings highlight the importance of examining wellbeing at different timescales.
{"title":"Individual differences in wellbeing dynamics: A genetically-informed comparison of Ecological Momentary Assessment and longitudinal survey data","authors":"Lianne P. de Vries ,&nbsp;Meike Bartels","doi":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112996","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.paid.2024.112996","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Variability in wellbeing over time is related to mental health and can be measured at different timescales. Long-term wellbeing dynamics, assessed via longitudinal surveys, capture stability and change over months or years, while short-term dynamics, via Ecological Momentary Assessment (EMA), provide insights over moments or days. We investigated wellbeing dynamics at different timescales, using longitudinal data (<em>N</em> = 15,323, including 2784 complete twin pairs) and EMA data (<em>N</em> = 817, including 149 complete twin pairs) from the Netherlands Twin Register. Individuals with higher overall wellbeing, based on the average of longitudinal surveys, had lower variability over years, while short-term variability over one week was unrelated to overall wellbeing. Twin models estimated the heritability of long-term wellbeing intensity and variability at 43 % (95%CI: 39–46 %) and 12 % (95%CI: 8–17 %), respectively. MZ twin correlations indicated genetic influences on short-term positive and negative affect intensity (rMZ = 0.51 and 0.42) and variability (rMZ = 0.37 and 0.18). Heritability estimates should be interpreted with caution because of limited complete twin pairs, but were 51 %, 41 %, and 38 % for positive and negative affect intensity and positive affect variability, respectively, whereas negative affect variability was influenced by shared (22 %) and unique environment (78 %). These findings highlight the importance of examining wellbeing at different timescales.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"236 ","pages":"Article 112996"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143143246","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Inside Front Cover - Ed. Board, Aims and Scope, Copyright, Publication information, Orders and Claims, Advertising information, Author inquiries, Permissions, Funding body, Permanence of paper, Impressum (German titles only) and GFA link in double column
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/S0191-8869(24)00461-6
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引用次数: 0
ISSID Pages
IF 3.5 2区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL Pub Date : 2024-12-11 DOI: 10.1016/S0191-8869(24)00462-8
{"title":"ISSID Pages","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/S0191-8869(24)00462-8","DOIUrl":"10.1016/S0191-8869(24)00462-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48467,"journal":{"name":"Personality and Individual Differences","volume":"235 ","pages":"Article 113002"},"PeriodicalIF":3.5,"publicationDate":"2024-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"143138098","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"心理学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
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Personality and Individual Differences
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