Personality and Individual Differences最新文献

英文中文

Seeing purpose, believing nonsense: A narcissism-informed path to bullshit receptivity and conspiracist beliefs 看到目标，相信胡说八道：一条自恋的道路，通向接受胡扯和阴谋论的信仰

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113649

Marcin Zajenkowski , Gilles E. Gignac

This study examined the relationship between grandiose narcissism and epistemically suspect beliefs, focusing on two dimensions of narcissism—agentic and antagonistic—and two types of irrational beliefs: conspiracy thinking and pseudo-profound bullshit receptivity. Additionally, we included belief in purpose of random events (teleological thinking) as a potential mediator of these associations. Using two samples (N_total = 546) we confirmed most hypotheses. Our findings confirmed that agentic narcissism was positively related to both conspiracy beliefs and bullshit receptivity. Individuals high in agentic narcissism may be especially drawn to vague, profound-sounding statements because such content bolsters feelings of uniqueness and being intelligent. Furthermore, agentic narcissism was associated with a stronger tendency to perceive purpose in random events, suggesting that teleological thinking may serve self-enhancement motives by implying an ordered, meaningful world. In contrast, antagonistic narcissism was uniquely related to conspiracy beliefs, likely due to its ego-defensive orientation and reliance on hostility, control, and externalization of blame. However, it showed little to no association with bullshit receptivity or teleological thinking when controlling for agentic narcissism. These findings highlight distinct cognitive and motivational pathways linking narcissistic traits to irrational belief systems.

本研究考察了浮夸型自恋与认识论上的怀疑信念之间的关系，重点关注自恋的两个维度——能动性和对抗性，以及两种非理性信念：阴谋思维和伪深刻的屁话接受能力。此外，我们将随机事件的目的信念（目的论思维）作为这些关联的潜在中介。使用两个样本（Ntotal = 546），我们证实了大多数假设。我们的研究结果证实，代理型自恋与阴谋信念和屁话接受度呈正相关。主观自恋程度高的人可能会特别喜欢含糊不清、听起来深奥的陈述，因为这样的内容会让人觉得自己很独特，很聪明。此外，代理自恋与在随机事件中感知目的的更强倾向有关，这表明目的论思维可能通过暗示一个有序的、有意义的世界来服务于自我提升动机。相反，对抗性自恋只与阴谋信念有关，这可能是由于它的自我防御倾向以及对敌意、控制和指责外化的依赖。然而，在控制代理自恋时，它几乎没有显示出与废话接受性或目的论思维的联系。这些发现强调了将自恋特征与非理性信仰系统联系起来的独特认知和动机途径。

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引用次数: 0

Promote or hinder? ERP evidence for selective effects of feedback on inhibitory control in trait procrastination 促进还是阻碍？反馈对特质拖延症抑制控制选择性效应的ERP证据

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-15 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113656

Yaqun Wen , Yue Shen

Trait procrastination is associated with difficulties in self-regulation and cognitive control, yet the mechanisms through which external feedback influences inhibitory performance remain unclear. The present study examined how immediate, trial-level performance feedback modulates response inhibition in individuals with high (HP) versus low (LP) trait procrastination, using a modified stop-signal task combined with event-related potentials (ERPs). Behaviorally, HP showed poorer inhibitory performance than LP in the no-feedback condition. Feedback had opposing effects across groups: it improved inhibitory efficiency in HP, reflected by longer stop-signal delays and shorter stop-signal reaction times, but impaired performance in LP. ERP results converged with these behavioral patterns. Feedback was associated with increased stop-P3 amplitudes in HP but reduced stop-P3 amplitudes in LP, indicating differential modulation of late-stage control engagement. In contrast, signal-locked N1 amplitudes were unaffected by feedback in either group, suggesting preserved early signal detection. Together, these findings highlight the importance of considering individual differences in self-regulation when evaluating the potential benefits of performance feedback.

特质拖延症与自我调节和认知控制困难有关，但外部反馈影响抑制表现的机制尚不清楚。本研究采用改进的停止信号任务与事件相关电位（ERPs）相结合的方法，研究了即时的、试验水平的绩效反馈如何调节高（HP）和低（LP）特质拖延症个体的反应抑制。在无反馈条件下，HP表现出比LP更差的抑制性能。反馈在各组中有相反的效果：它提高了HP的抑制效率，表现为更长的停止信号延迟和更短的停止信号反应时间，但损害了LP的表现。ERP结果与这些行为模式趋同。反馈与HP的停止- p3幅度增加有关，但与LP的停止- p3幅度减少有关，表明后期控制参与的差异调制。相比之下，信号锁定的N1振幅在两组中都不受反馈的影响，这表明保留了早期信号检测。总之，这些发现强调了在评估绩效反馈的潜在好处时考虑自我调节的个体差异的重要性。

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引用次数: 0

Personality's dual lens: Dark–light traits bound and channel the manipulation–moral emotions link under acute physical exhaustion 人格的双重透镜：暗-光特质束缚和引导了急性身体衰竭下的操纵-道德情感联系

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113653

Shuai Zhang

Manipulative decisions and their moral consequences are jointly shaped by dispositional traits and situational load. We advance a temporal model of state-triggered trait activation and a cognitive cascade to test how dark and light traits shape the pathway from manipulation to moral emotions under physical exhaustion. In a six-week longitudinal mixed design (N = 120), participants completed baseline assessments of dark and light traits, were randomized to exhaustion or rest, and were assessed at six time points on manipulation intention and choice, moral rationalization, moral consistency, guilt, and shame. Linear mixed and fixed-effects models with windowed mediation showed that exhaustion immediately increased manipulation, an effect amplified by dark traits and attenuated by light traits; differences persisted during follow-up but moderation weakened. Manipulation predicted later emotions primarily through a stable negative pathway via moral consistency, whereas moral rationalization exerted only transient effects on guilt. A serial path from manipulation through rationalization to consistency was pronounced early and diminished over time. Overall, exhaustion lowered the activation threshold for manipulation, magnified trait influences, and left long-term emotional trajectories contingent on consistency-based reconstruction, with guilt and shame diverging over time.

操纵决策及其道德后果是由性格特征和情境负荷共同塑造的。我们提出了一个状态触发特质激活的时间模型和认知级联模型，以测试黑暗和光明特质如何在身体疲惫下塑造从操纵到道德情绪的途径。在为期六周的纵向混合设计（N = 120）中，参与者完成了黑暗和光明特征的基线评估，随机分为疲劳或休息，并在六个时间点对操纵意图和选择、道德合理化、道德一致性、内疚和羞耻进行了评估。线性混合和固定效应模型显示，疲劳会立即增加操作，暗性状会放大这种效应，而光性状会减弱这种效应；在随访期间，差异持续存在，但中度减弱。操纵行为主要通过稳定的负面途径——道德一致性来预测后来的情绪，而道德合理化只对内疚产生短暂的影响。从操纵到合理化再到一致性的一系列路径在早期就被发现，并随着时间的推移而减弱。总体而言，疲劳降低了操纵的激活阈值，放大了特质影响，并留下了长期的情感轨迹，这取决于基于一致性的重建，内疚和羞耻随着时间的推移而分化。

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引用次数: 0

Need for cognition and college adjustment: A random intercept cross-lagged panel model 认知需求与大学适应：一个随机截距交叉滞后面板模型

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113655

Mengting Li , Siyao Chen

The present study explored the longitudinal associations between need for cognition and college adjustment using the random intercept cross-lagged panel model (RI-CLPM) that disaggregates the between- and within-person variance. Five hundred and twenty-nine Chinese college students (M_age = 18.93, SD_age = 0.73 at Time 1; 68.1% females) participated in this three-wave longitudinal study from their first academic year to the third year. Need for cognition (NFC), academic adjustment, and social adjustment were measured at each time point using self-report inventories. The RI-CLPM results revealed that at the within-person level, NFC at Time 1 positively predicted social adjustment at Time 2, which, in turn, positively predicted academic adjustment at Time 3. NFC at Time 1 also positively predicted academic adjustment at Time 2. At the between-person level, academic adjustment was positively related to social adjustment. The present study suggests that fostering students' NFC may assist them with their college adjustment.

本研究采用随机截距交叉滞后面板模型（RI-CLPM）分析了人与人之间和人与人之间的差异，探讨了认知需求与大学适应之间的纵向关系。529名中国大学生（时间1时Mage = 18.93, SDage = 0.73, 68.1%为女性）在大一至大三期间参与了三波纵向研究。在每个时间点使用自我报告量表测量认知需求（NFC）、学业适应和社会适应。RI-CLPM结果显示，在人内水平上，时间1的NFC正向预测时间2的社会适应，而社会适应又正向预测时间3的学业适应。时间1的NFC对时间2的学业适应也有正向预测作用。在人际层面上，学业适应与社会适应呈正相关。本研究认为，培养大学生的非家庭危机感有助于大学生适应大学生活。

引用次数: 0

Dark Triad traits and short-form video addiction in adolescents: Longitudinal mediation by future time perspective and moderation by mindfulness 青少年黑暗人格特质与短视频成瘾：未来时间视角的纵向中介作用和正念的调节作用

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113646

Xiaoyu Li , Xudong Song , Wenqing Li , Yinqiu Zhao , Chi Yang , Yingchao Zhang , Xin Tian

Future time perspective (FTP) is a critical protective factor against adolescent short-form video addiction, yet the personality traits that undermine FTP remain under-explored. This three-wave longitudinal study examined how Dark Triad traits (i.e., narcissism, Machiavellianism, and psychopathy) predict short-form video addiction through FTP, and whether mindfulness moderates this pathway. Chinese adolescents (N_{Time 1} = 1567; N_{Time 2} = 1278; N_{Time 3} = 1453; M_age = 15.41 years, SD = 0.52, age range = 15–17) completed assessments at 6-month intervals over one year. Dark Triad traits (Dirty Dozen), baseline FTP (FTP Scale), and baseline short-form video addiction (Short-Form Video Addiction Scale) were assessed at Time 1; FTP and mindfulness (Child and Adolescent Mindfulness Measure) at Time 2; and short-form video addiction at Time 3. Results revealed that Machiavellianism and psychopathy longitudinally predicted increased addiction via diminished FTP (indirect effects = 0.03 and 0.04, 95% CIs [0.02, 0.05] and [0.02, 0.06], respectively), while narcissism showed no significant indirect effect. Critically, mindfulness strengthened rather than buffered the negative association between these antagonistic traits and FTP. These findings extend life history theory into digital contexts and highlight the need for personality-informed interventions targeting high-risk youth.

未来时间观（FTP）是防止青少年短视频成瘾的关键保护因素，然而，影响FTP的人格特征仍未得到充分研究。这项三波纵向研究考察了黑暗三合一特征（即自恋、马基雅维利主义和精神病）如何通过FTP预测短视频成瘾，以及正念是否调节了这一途径。中国青少年（NTime 1 = 1567; NTime 2 = 1278; NTime 3 = 1453; Mage = 15.41岁，SD = 0.52，年龄范围= 15-17岁）每隔6个月完成1年的评估。在时间1时评估暗黑人格特质（Dirty Dozen）、FTP基线（FTP量表）和短视频成瘾基线（短视频成瘾量表）；FTP与时间2的正念（儿童和青少年正念测量）；以及对短视频上瘾。结果表明，马基雅维利主义和精神病通过降低FTP（间接效应分别为0.03和0.04,95% ci分别为[0.02,0.05]和[0.02,0.06]）纵向预测成瘾增加，而自恋无显著间接效应。关键的是，正念加强而不是缓冲了这些敌对特征和FTP之间的负相关。这些发现将生活史理论扩展到数字环境中，并强调了针对高危青少年进行个性知情干预的必要性。

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引用次数: 0

Eating disorders in the shadow of conflict: Risk factors in civilians exposed to war 冲突阴影下的饮食失调：暴露于战争中的平民的风险因素

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113647

Ora Peleg, Lior Gendelman

Eating disorders (EDs) have been linked to emotional distress, yet underlying mechanisms during war remain unclear. This study examined associations between past and current stressful life events, differentiation of self, coping strategies, emotional distress, and EDs risk among 690 Israeli adults (75% female, mean age = 40) assessed two months after the outbreak of the Iron Swords War. Emotional distress mediated the associations between past/current stressful events, differentiation of self, and EDs risk; however, only current stressful life events showed additional indirect effects through coping, particularly emotion-focused coping/avoidance (χ²[18] = 28.35, p = .057; CFI = 0.993; NNFI = 0.970; RMSEA = 0.029). Participants scoring above the EAT-26 cutoff reported higher past stressful life events (F = 1.58, p = .023), emotion-focused coping/avoidance (F = 1.36, p = .002), anxiety (F = 1.19, p = .006), PTSD (F = 1.02, p = .001), and lower differentiation of self than those below the cutoff. Evacuees reported greater current stressful events (F = 6.83, p = .009, η² = 0.010), lower task-oriented coping (F = 5.33, p = .020, η² = 0.008), and higher PTSD (F = 4.58, p = .033, η² = 0.007). These findings enhance understanding of EDs risk factors during prolonged wartime.

饮食失调（EDs）与情绪困扰有关，但战争期间的潜在机制尚不清楚。本研究在铁剑战争爆发两个月后对690名以色列成年人（75%为女性，平均年龄= 40岁）进行了评估，调查了过去和现在的压力生活事件、自我分化、应对策略、情绪困扰和ed风险之间的关系。情绪困扰介导了过去/当前压力事件、自我分化和ed风险之间的关联；然而，只有当前的压力生活事件通过应对表现出额外的间接影响，特别是情绪集中的应对/回避（χ2[18] = 28.35, p = 0.057; CFI = 0.993; NNFI = 0.970; RMSEA = 0.029）。得分高于EAT-26临界值的参与者报告了更高的过去压力生活事件（F = 1.58, p = 0.023）、以情绪为中心的应对/回避（F = 1.36, p = 0.002）、焦虑（F = 1.19, p = 0.006）、创伤后应激障碍（F = 1.02, p = 0.001），以及比低于临界值的参与者更低的自我分化。撤离者报告了更大的当前压力事件（F = 6.83, p = 0.009, η2 = 0.010），更低的任务导向应对（F = 5.33, p = 0.020, η2 = 0.008），更高的PTSD （F = 4.58, p = 0.033, η2 = 0.007）。这些发现增强了对长时间战时ed危险因素的认识。

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引用次数: 0

Ego, impulse, and opportunity: Mitigating the relationship between narcissism and self-interested unethical behavior 自我、冲动和机会：缓和自恋和自利不道德行为之间的关系

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-14 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113658

Caitlin C. Belfiore , Annika Hillebrandt

Grandiose narcissism – a Dark personality trait characterized by entitlement and grandiosity – is a well-documented predictor of self-interested unethical behavior in the workplace (e.g., lying for self-gain). However, less is known about how organizational contexts can be designed to limit the expression of such behavior. Drawing on trait-activation theory, we examine whether two situational features—reduced opportunity for personal gain and demanding self-reflective deliberation—attenuate the relationship between grandiose narcissism and self-interested unethical behavior. Across a two-wave experiment with full-time employees (N = 164) that directly manipulated these situational features, results suggest that narcissistic tendencies are not expressed uniformly, but contingent on contextual affordances. Specifically, constraining opportunities for personal gain or demanding deliberation weakened the association between grandiose narcissism and unethical behavior. Theoretically, this research identifies situational boundary conditions that clarify when narcissistic traits are less likely to translate into unethical conduct. Practically, these findings provide a foundation for designing targeted organizational interventions that reduce opportunities for narcissistic self-interested unethical behavior.

浮夸型自恋——一种以权利和浮夸为特征的黑暗人格特征——是工作场所中自私自利的不道德行为（例如，为了自己的利益而撒谎）的充分证据。然而，对于如何设计组织环境来限制这种行为的表达，人们知之甚少。利用特质激活理论，我们考察了两种情境特征——个人收益机会减少和要求自我反思的考虑——是否减弱了浮夸性自恋和自利不道德行为之间的关系。通过对全职员工（N = 164）的两波实验，直接操纵这些情境特征，结果表明，自恋倾向并不是统一表达的，而是取决于情境的可承受性。具体来说，限制个人利益的机会或要求深思熟虑削弱了浮夸自恋和不道德行为之间的联系。从理论上讲，这项研究确定了情境边界条件，澄清了自恋特征不太可能转化为不道德行为的情况。实际上，这些发现为设计有针对性的组织干预提供了基础，以减少自恋自利的不道德行为的机会。

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引用次数: 0

Dark Triad traits, materialism, and buy now, pay later (BNPL) 黑暗人格特质，物质主义，先买后付（BNPL）

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113652

Kian Yeik Koay , Mei Xuan Liew

Buy Now, Pay Later (BNPL) services are a new form of financing option that has become popular among Gen Z consumers. However, there is a very limited understanding of the associations among Dark Triad personality traits, materialism, and BNPL usage intentions. Hence, this study aims to examine whether Dark Triad personality traits and materialism are associated with BNPL usage intentions. Gen Z consumers were surveyed to confirm the proposed relationships. The results demonstrate that, of the three Dark Triad traits, only narcissism has a significant association with materialism. However, psychopathy and Machiavellianism do not have a significant association with materialism. Materialism was found to have a significant association with BNPL usage intentions. This study is the first to investigate factors influencing Gen Z consumers' BNPL usage intentions from a personality perspective using the Dark Triad framework.

先买后付（BNPL）服务是一种新的融资方式，在Z世代消费者中很受欢迎。然而，对于黑暗三合一人格特征、物质主义和BNPL使用意图之间的联系，人们的理解非常有限。因此，本研究旨在探讨黑暗人格特质和物质主义是否与BNPL使用意图相关。Z世代消费者接受了调查，以证实上述关系。结果表明，在黑暗三合一的三个特征中，只有自恋与物质主义有显著的联系。然而，精神变态和马基雅维利主义与唯物主义并没有显著的联系。物质主义被发现与BNPL使用意图有显著的关联。本研究首次运用黑暗三元人格框架，从人格角度探讨影响Z世代消费者BNPL使用意向的因素。

引用次数: 0

The Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire-Short Form (PAQ-S): Psychometric properties in a clinical sample 珀斯述情障碍简短问卷（PAQ-S）：临床样本的心理测量特性

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-13 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113654

Johannes B. Heekerens , David A. Preece , James J. Gross

Alexithymia is a trait that involves deficits in emotion processing and has important implications for mental health. The assessment of alexithymia is therefore clinically consequential, but until recently, alexithymia questionnaires were all quite lengthy, limiting their utility in time-pressured research and clinical settings. Recently, the Perth Alexithymia Questionnaire-Short Form (PAQ-S) was introduced to address this gap, providing a brief 6-item self-report measure of alexithymia. In this study, we evaluate the psychometric performance of the PAQ-S in a clinical sample. Five hundred thirty-one individuals with various mental health diagnoses completed the PAQ-S and other psychometric measures of clinically-relevant constructs. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed that the PAQ-S had a theoretically congruent factor structure, with items loading significantly on a general alexithymia factor. The PAQ-S displayed high internal consistency, and an expected pattern of associations with other constructs (i.e., psychopathology symptoms, somatic symptoms, personality dysfunction, attention difficulties, memory complaints, emotion regulation, life satisfaction, self-esteem, and social desirability). Overall, our data suggest the scores on the PAQ-S exhibit strong validity and reliability in clinical populations. Its brevity makes the PAQ-S a practical tool for alexithymia assessments in time-limited settings, enabling new opportunities to explore the clinical relevance of alexithymia.

述情障碍是一种涉及情绪处理缺陷的特征，对心理健康具有重要意义。因此，对述情障碍的评估在临床上是重要的，但直到最近，述情障碍问卷都相当长，限制了它们在时间紧迫的研究和临床环境中的效用。最近，珀斯述情障碍问卷-短表格（PAQ-S）的引入解决了这一差距，提供了一个简短的6项述情障碍的自我报告测量。在本研究中，我们在临床样本中评估PAQ-S的心理测量性能。531名有不同心理健康诊断的个体完成了PAQ-S和其他临床相关构念的心理测量测量。验证性因子分析表明，PAQ-S具有理论一致的因子结构，各题对一般述情障碍因子的负荷显著。PAQ-S表现出高度的内部一致性，并与其他构念（即精神病理症状、躯体症状、人格功能障碍、注意困难、记忆抱怨、情绪调节、生活满意度、自尊和社会期望）有预期的关联模式。总的来说，我们的数据表明PAQ-S的分数在临床人群中表现出很强的效度和可靠性。它的简便性使PAQ-S成为在时间有限的情况下评估述情障碍的实用工具，为探索述情障碍的临床相关性提供了新的机会。

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引用次数: 0

ISSID 2025 conference abstracts ISSID 2025会议摘要

IF 2.6 2区心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, SOCIAL

Personality and Individual Differences

Pub Date : 2026-01-12 DOI: 10.1016/j.paid.2026.113640

Jakob Pietschnig, Julie Aitken Schermer

引用次数: 0

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