Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1163/23524588-230912ed
C. Rumbos, C. G. Athanassiou
Among edible insects, mealworms have attracted a lot of scientific and commercial attention as a nutrient source in food and feed during the last decade. However, the main focus has been on the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, which undisputedly possesses numerous advantages that render it ideal for mass production. Apart from the yellow mealworm though, other mealworm species have great potential for food and feed applications. The lesser mealworm and the superworm are two species that, although less studied, show promise and could gain their share of the edible insect market in the near future. The present publication aims to put the main edible mealworm species under the spotlight and give a brief overview of their potential as food and feed source.
{"title":"Mealworms for food and feed: are they only yellow?","authors":"C. Rumbos, C. G. Athanassiou","doi":"10.1163/23524588-230912ed","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-230912ed","url":null,"abstract":"Among edible insects, mealworms have attracted a lot of scientific and commercial attention as a nutrient source in food and feed during the last decade. However, the main focus has been on the yellow mealworm, Tenebrio molitor, which undisputedly possesses numerous advantages that render it ideal for mass production. Apart from the yellow mealworm though, other mealworm species have great potential for food and feed applications. The lesser mealworm and the superworm are two species that, although less studied, show promise and could gain their share of the edible insect market in the near future. The present publication aims to put the main edible mealworm species under the spotlight and give a brief overview of their potential as food and feed source.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139288095","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230127
T. E. Mphephu
Like any other edible insects, locusts are an alternative source of protein that could supplement livestock and human foods. This study selected indigenous locust species with a high reproductive and rapid growth rate to determine the most favourable feeding plant species for locust mass-rearing. A suite of seven locust species, Acanthacris ruficornis (Fabricius, 1787), Cantantops melanostictus (Schaum, 1870) Locusta migratoria (Linnaeus, 1758), Petamella prosternalis (Karny, 1907), Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker, 1870), Cataloipus zulvensis (Sjöstedt, 1929) and Ornithacris cyanea (Uvarov, 1924) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) were collected from tribal orchards in Lufule, Tshikweta and Belleview villages in Limpopo province, South Africa and reared on the crop feeding plant species. The feeding, reproductive output (nymph production), adult longevity, and mortality of the suite of the locust species were determined on Zea mays L. (Poaceae), Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae) and Panicum maximum jacq. (Poaceae) under the control, choice-one, choice-two, and choice-three tests. Choice-one and -two tests had three and two feeding plants, respectively. Whilst both the control and choice-three tests had a single-feeding plant species. I found that locust feeding, reproductive output, adult longevity, and mortality depended on the plant species, and this was more significant for the control, and choice-one compared to the choice-two and choice-three tests. Both the nymphs and adults of the locusts fed significantly more on P. vulgaris and Z. mays, respectively. Locust colonies exposed to P. maximum in the choice-three test reproduced and survived lesser significantly than all the tests. Results suggest that the combination of P. vulgaris and Z. mays or P. vulgaris alone can be used to mass-rear the suite of the locust species, particularly C. melanostictus, A. ruficornis and C. terminifera. Presented here are the most sustainable locust-rearing methods using crop plant species with rapid propagation responses. These results could be implemented as either extensive-or small-scale rearing for research or commercial purposes in South Africa and elsewhere.
与其他可食用昆虫一样，蝗虫也是一种可补充牲畜和人类食物的替代蛋白质来源。这项研究选择了繁殖率高、生长速度快的本地蝗虫物种，以确定最适合蝗虫大规模饲养的饲养植物物种。研究人员从当地蝗虫部落采集了七种蝗虫，分别为 Acanthacris ruficornis (Fabricius, 1787)、Cantantops melanostictus (Schaum, 1870) Locusta migratoria (Linnaeus, 1758)、Petamella prosternalis (Karny, 1907)、Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker, 1870)、Cataloipus zulvensis (Sjöstedt, 1929) 和 Ornithacris cyanea (Uvarov, 1924) (Orthoptera. Acrididae)：从南非林波波省的 Lufule、Tshikweta 和 Belleview 村的部落果园中采集，并在以作物为食的植物物种上饲养。在对照、选择一、选择二和选择三试验条件下，测定了蝗虫种类在玉米（Poaceae）、豆科植物 Phaseolus vulgaris L.（Fabaceae）和稗（Panicum maximum jacq.）上的取食量、生殖产量（若虫产量）、成虫寿命和死亡率。选择一和选择二试验分别有三株和两株饲草。而对照组和三选一试验都只有一种取食植物。我发现蝗虫的取食量、繁殖量、成虫寿命和死亡率都取决于植物种类，这一点在对照组和选择一试验中比选择二和选择三试验中更为明显。蝗虫的若虫和成虫分别明显更多地取食P. vulgaris和Z. mays。在 "选择三 "试验中，蝗虫群落接触最大褐飞虱后的繁殖和存活率明显低于所有试验。结果表明，结合使用 P. vulgaris 和 Z. mays 或单独使用 P. vulgaris 可以大量繁殖蝗虫品种，特别是 C. melanostictus、A. ruficornis 和 C. terminifera。这里介绍的是利用具有快速繁殖反应的农作物物种饲养蝗虫的最可持续方法。这些成果可在南非和其他地方用于研究或商业目的的大规模或小规模饲养。
{"title":"Development of sustainable mass-rearing of locusts for food and feed in South Africa","authors":"T. E. Mphephu","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230127","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230127","url":null,"abstract":"Like any other edible insects, locusts are an alternative source of protein that could supplement livestock and human foods. This study selected indigenous locust species with a high reproductive and rapid growth rate to determine the most favourable feeding plant species for locust mass-rearing. A suite of seven locust species, Acanthacris ruficornis (Fabricius, 1787), Cantantops melanostictus (Schaum, 1870) Locusta migratoria (Linnaeus, 1758), Petamella prosternalis (Karny, 1907), Chortoicetes terminifera (Walker, 1870), Cataloipus zulvensis (Sjöstedt, 1929) and Ornithacris cyanea (Uvarov, 1924) (Orthoptera: Acrididae) were collected from tribal orchards in Lufule, Tshikweta and Belleview villages in Limpopo province, South Africa and reared on the crop feeding plant species. The feeding, reproductive output (nymph production), adult longevity, and mortality of the suite of the locust species were determined on Zea mays L. (Poaceae), Phaseolus vulgaris L. (Fabaceae) and Panicum maximum jacq. (Poaceae) under the control, choice-one, choice-two, and choice-three tests. Choice-one and -two tests had three and two feeding plants, respectively. Whilst both the control and choice-three tests had a single-feeding plant species. I found that locust feeding, reproductive output, adult longevity, and mortality depended on the plant species, and this was more significant for the control, and choice-one compared to the choice-two and choice-three tests. Both the nymphs and adults of the locusts fed significantly more on P. vulgaris and Z. mays, respectively. Locust colonies exposed to P. maximum in the choice-three test reproduced and survived lesser significantly than all the tests. Results suggest that the combination of P. vulgaris and Z. mays or P. vulgaris alone can be used to mass-rear the suite of the locust species, particularly C. melanostictus, A. ruficornis and C. terminifera. Presented here are the most sustainable locust-rearing methods using crop plant species with rapid propagation responses. These results could be implemented as either extensive-or small-scale rearing for research or commercial purposes in South Africa and elsewhere.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"6 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139290035","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-02DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230132
D. Brahma, R.R. Kashyap, H. Mwchahary, F. Narzary
This review paper critically examines the components, limitations, and future prospects of artificial diets, and their impact on the rearing performance of Eri silkworm Samia ricini. In conventional rearing practices, the demand for a consistent supply of fresh leaves, particularly from the primary food plant, Ricinus communis (castor), poses significant challenges due to leaf quality variations and scarcity. This predicament sometimes renders the rearing process uncertain and time-consuming. The review emphasizes the pivotal role of artificial diets, particularly those comprising Ricinus communis (castor), soybean, agar agar, preservatives, gelling agents, carbohydrates, sterols, inositol, salt mixtures, citric acid, ascorbic acid, and water, in addressing these challenges. These carefully formulated diets have demonstrated their ability to provide a stable and uniform source of nutrition, significantly impacting key parameters such as hatchability, larval and pupal durations, and shell ratio in comparison to traditional leaf-based diets. Furthermore, the study highlights the potentiality of various artificial diet compositions that can serve as viable alternatives for Samia ricini rearers. By embracing these innovative nutritional approaches, rearers can not only enhance their livelihoods but also contribute to increased silk production. Through an extensive analysis of experiments and studies, this review underscores the importance of thoughtful diet selection in achieving successful rearing of Samia ricini, paving the way for sustainable and efficient sericulture practices.
{"title":"Artificial diet for Samia ricini: key considerations and formulation strategies – a review","authors":"D. Brahma, R.R. Kashyap, H. Mwchahary, F. Narzary","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230132","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230132","url":null,"abstract":"This review paper critically examines the components, limitations, and future prospects of artificial diets, and their impact on the rearing performance of Eri silkworm Samia ricini. In conventional rearing practices, the demand for a consistent supply of fresh leaves, particularly from the primary food plant, Ricinus communis (castor), poses significant challenges due to leaf quality variations and scarcity. This predicament sometimes renders the rearing process uncertain and time-consuming. The review emphasizes the pivotal role of artificial diets, particularly those comprising Ricinus communis (castor), soybean, agar agar, preservatives, gelling agents, carbohydrates, sterols, inositol, salt mixtures, citric acid, ascorbic acid, and water, in addressing these challenges. These carefully formulated diets have demonstrated their ability to provide a stable and uniform source of nutrition, significantly impacting key parameters such as hatchability, larval and pupal durations, and shell ratio in comparison to traditional leaf-based diets. Furthermore, the study highlights the potentiality of various artificial diet compositions that can serve as viable alternatives for Samia ricini rearers. By embracing these innovative nutritional approaches, rearers can not only enhance their livelihoods but also contribute to increased silk production. Through an extensive analysis of experiments and studies, this review underscores the importance of thoughtful diet selection in achieving successful rearing of Samia ricini, paving the way for sustainable and efficient sericulture practices.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"284 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139290863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-01DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230107
L. Morand-Laffargue, B. Creton, C. Halimi, D. Sabatier, C. Desmarchelier, P. Borel
Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are increasingly used to recycle and convert food waste into feed. We attempted to assess whether they can bioaccumulate lutein, a xanthophyll used as a food coloring, and whether it is then sufficiently bioavailable for an economically relevant incorporation of BSFL into feed. Vegetables and larvae lutein concentrations were measured by HPLC. Lutein bioaccessibility was estimated by in vitro digestion and lutein absorption efficiency by Caco-2 cells. BSFL were at least as rich, and sometimes richer (), in lutein than the vegetables they were reared on. For example, the larvae reared on kale contained 160.2 ± 3.4 mg/kg vs 23.0 ± 3.5 mg/kg of lutein, on a fresh weight basis, for the kale substrate. For the same substrate, lutein bioaccessibility was not statistically different between BSFL and the substrate (respectively, 14.8 ± 1.2% and 16.2 ± 2.8%; ). Finally, by considering the lutein concentration in BSFL enriched in lutein and in lutein-rich substrates, as well as the bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption efficiency of lutein contained in these matrices, it was estimated that consumption of lutein-enriched larvae would lead to a theoretical amount of absorbed lutein about 2 to 13 times higher compared to that following the consumption of an equal quantity of lutein-rich vegetables. Thus, BSFL can be used as a sustainable and concentrated source of bioavailable lutein for feed and, indirectly, for food.
{"title":"Black soldier fly larvae (Hermetia illucens) as a sustainable and concentrated source of bioavailable lutein for feed","authors":"L. Morand-Laffargue, B. Creton, C. Halimi, D. Sabatier, C. Desmarchelier, P. Borel","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230107","url":null,"abstract":"Black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) are increasingly used to recycle and convert food waste into feed. We attempted to assess whether they can bioaccumulate lutein, a xanthophyll used as a food coloring, and whether it is then sufficiently bioavailable for an economically relevant incorporation of BSFL into feed. Vegetables and larvae lutein concentrations were measured by HPLC. Lutein bioaccessibility was estimated by in vitro digestion and lutein absorption efficiency by Caco-2 cells. BSFL were at least as rich, and sometimes richer (), in lutein than the vegetables they were reared on. For example, the larvae reared on kale contained 160.2 ± 3.4 mg/kg vs 23.0 ± 3.5 mg/kg of lutein, on a fresh weight basis, for the kale substrate. For the same substrate, lutein bioaccessibility was not statistically different between BSFL and the substrate (respectively, 14.8 ± 1.2% and 16.2 ± 2.8%; ). Finally, by considering the lutein concentration in BSFL enriched in lutein and in lutein-rich substrates, as well as the bioaccessibility and intestinal absorption efficiency of lutein contained in these matrices, it was estimated that consumption of lutein-enriched larvae would lead to a theoretical amount of absorbed lutein about 2 to 13 times higher compared to that following the consumption of an equal quantity of lutein-rich vegetables. Thus, BSFL can be used as a sustainable and concentrated source of bioavailable lutein for feed and, indirectly, for food.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"17 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139299905","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-31DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230115
A. Ganguly, J.M. Pino, K. Nonaka
In this article we present a taxonomic analysis of edible insects from India. Twelve orders of insects are reported with the follow number of families registered: Ephemeroptera (2), Odonata (6), Orthoptera (5), Mantodea (1), Blattodea (4), Isoptera (2), Hemiptera-Heteroptera (18), Coleoptera (14), Lepidoptera (11), Diptera (3), Hymenoptera (3) and Plecoptera (2), comprises a total of 277 genera and 473 species. In relation to the number of genera, the best represented orders are Coleoptera (82), Orthoptera (53) and Hemiptera-Heteroptera (52). The orders with the highest number of species are: Coleoptera (143), Orthoptera (89) Hemiptera-Heteroptera (79) and Hymenoptera (62). The current status also of this line of research is discussed, with special note on the importance of them as a renewable natural resource for the various Indian ethnic groups that consume these insects.
{"title":"Taxonomic inventory of the edible insects of India, a review of the current situation and future perspectives","authors":"A. Ganguly, J.M. Pino, K. Nonaka","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230115","url":null,"abstract":"In this article we present a taxonomic analysis of edible insects from India. Twelve orders of insects are reported with the follow number of families registered: Ephemeroptera (2), Odonata (6), Orthoptera (5), Mantodea (1), Blattodea (4), Isoptera (2), Hemiptera-Heteroptera (18), Coleoptera (14), Lepidoptera (11), Diptera (3), Hymenoptera (3) and Plecoptera (2), comprises a total of 277 genera and 473 species. In relation to the number of genera, the best represented orders are Coleoptera (82), Orthoptera (53) and Hemiptera-Heteroptera (52). The orders with the highest number of species are: Coleoptera (143), Orthoptera (89) Hemiptera-Heteroptera (79) and Hymenoptera (62). The current status also of this line of research is discussed, with special note on the importance of them as a renewable natural resource for the various Indian ethnic groups that consume these insects.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"163 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139307702","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-27DOI: 10.1163/23524588-230911ob
A. van Huis
{"title":"Renate Corinne Smallegange","authors":"A. van Huis","doi":"10.1163/23524588-230911ob","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-230911ob","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"9 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139312665","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-24DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230020
M. Zhou, S.J. Wu, X. Tan, Q. Sun, X.C. Li, Y.W. Dong, C. You, Y.H. Huang
To figure out the copper metabolism features in vivo and evaluate the potential risk of copper residue in tissues of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and their by-products, the effects of oral copper exposure of 0, 50, 500 and 1000 mg/kg (Control, Cu50, Cu500 and Cu1000) on growth performance and dynamic copper accumulation in the fat body, cuticle of BSFL and the rearing residue were investigated in a 12-days rearing trial. The results showed that, the body weight and length, and body protein content of BSFL were improved by exposure to 50 mg/kg copper, but reduced by exposure to 500 and 1000 mg/kg copper, as well as that of the pre-pupa rate. Under the copper exposure of 500 and 1000 mg/kg, the copper concentrations in the larval fat body were high at the early developmental stage, but sharply reduced to be 8.1 ± 0.3 mg/kg within 12 days with no significant differences among groups. Similarly, the copper concentrations in the cuticle also decreased rapidly to be 46.3 ± 2.9 and 91.3 ± 9.4 mg/kg in the Cu500 and Cu1000 groups within 12 days, but they were significantly higher than those of the control (8.1 ± 0.3 mg/kg) and Cu50 (10.1 ± 1.1 mg/kg) groups. The linear regression analysis between copper exposure doses and copper concentrations in the rearing residues indicated that the latter are dose- and time-dependent. Overall, the growth performance and body protein content of BSFL were improved by low copper exposure, but reduced by high copper exposure. The oral copper could be excluded from larval fat body and cuticle rapidly, and be largely accumulated in the rearing residues. Therefore, little risk of copper residue in the main tissues of post larvae or pre-pupae of black soldier fly (BSF), but higher risk of it in the rearing residues could be anticipated. Our results provide valuable information for safety assessment of copper residues in BSF products and by-products.
{"title":"Growth performance and dynamic copper accumulation in tissues of black soldier fly (Hermetia illucens) larvae under copper exposure","authors":"M. Zhou, S.J. Wu, X. Tan, Q. Sun, X.C. Li, Y.W. Dong, C. You, Y.H. Huang","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230020","url":null,"abstract":"To figure out the copper metabolism features in vivo and evaluate the potential risk of copper residue in tissues of black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and their by-products, the effects of oral copper exposure of 0, 50, 500 and 1000 mg/kg (Control, Cu50, Cu500 and Cu1000) on growth performance and dynamic copper accumulation in the fat body, cuticle of BSFL and the rearing residue were investigated in a 12-days rearing trial. The results showed that, the body weight and length, and body protein content of BSFL were improved by exposure to 50 mg/kg copper, but reduced by exposure to 500 and 1000 mg/kg copper, as well as that of the pre-pupa rate. Under the copper exposure of 500 and 1000 mg/kg, the copper concentrations in the larval fat body were high at the early developmental stage, but sharply reduced to be 8.1 ± 0.3 mg/kg within 12 days with no significant differences among groups. Similarly, the copper concentrations in the cuticle also decreased rapidly to be 46.3 ± 2.9 and 91.3 ± 9.4 mg/kg in the Cu500 and Cu1000 groups within 12 days, but they were significantly higher than those of the control (8.1 ± 0.3 mg/kg) and Cu50 (10.1 ± 1.1 mg/kg) groups. The linear regression analysis between copper exposure doses and copper concentrations in the rearing residues indicated that the latter are dose- and time-dependent. Overall, the growth performance and body protein content of BSFL were improved by low copper exposure, but reduced by high copper exposure. The oral copper could be excluded from larval fat body and cuticle rapidly, and be largely accumulated in the rearing residues. Therefore, little risk of copper residue in the main tissues of post larvae or pre-pupae of black soldier fly (BSF), but higher risk of it in the rearing residues could be anticipated. Our results provide valuable information for safety assessment of copper residues in BSF products and by-products.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139314926","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230071
J.-S. Park, H. Yun, C.H. Park, D.W. Kim, H.J. Kim, Y.W. Kim, W.S. Shin, S. Kim
Mealworms (MWs) are a potentially environment-friendly, nutrient-rich, alternative food source. MWs can be fed various food by-products, including sesame cakes, a by-product of sesame oil. We studied the impact of a sesame cake diet on the nutritional value of MWs, specifically to determine the possibility of the transfer of nutritional value through feed sources. MWs were fed diets containing wheat bran-based substrates with different percentages of sesame cake (0, 10, 30, and 50%). A correlation between the nutrient composition of MWs and concentration of sesame cakes in their diets was observed. In addition, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity increased by 53% and 29%, respectively, in MWs fed a 50% sesame cake diet compared with those in MWs not fed with sesame cakes. Furthermore, an increase in sesame cake concentration enhanced the biological activity of MWs fed with sesame cake, such as the inhibition of lipolysis and α-glucosidase; particularly in MWs fed with a 50% sesame cake diet, the efficacy of these processes increased by 1.2- and 1.3-fold, respectively, compared with those in MWs not fed a sesame cake diet. To assess these changes, the profiles of MW compounds were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, where MWs fed with 50% sesame cake diets and those not fed sesame cake diets were compared. Choline content in MWs fed sesame cakes was high. Our results indicate that a sesame cake diet enhances the nutritional and economic values of MWs, validating their use as an alternative food source.
{"title":"Sesame cake diet enhances the nutritional value of Tenebrio molitor (mealworm)","authors":"J.-S. Park, H. Yun, C.H. Park, D.W. Kim, H.J. Kim, Y.W. Kim, W.S. Shin, S. Kim","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230071","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230071","url":null,"abstract":"Mealworms (MWs) are a potentially environment-friendly, nutrient-rich, alternative food source. MWs can be fed various food by-products, including sesame cakes, a by-product of sesame oil. We studied the impact of a sesame cake diet on the nutritional value of MWs, specifically to determine the possibility of the transfer of nutritional value through feed sources. MWs were fed diets containing wheat bran-based substrates with different percentages of sesame cake (0, 10, 30, and 50%). A correlation between the nutrient composition of MWs and concentration of sesame cakes in their diets was observed. In addition, the ferric reducing antioxidant power and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl radical scavenging activity increased by 53% and 29%, respectively, in MWs fed a 50% sesame cake diet compared with those in MWs not fed with sesame cakes. Furthermore, an increase in sesame cake concentration enhanced the biological activity of MWs fed with sesame cake, such as the inhibition of lipolysis and α-glucosidase; particularly in MWs fed with a 50% sesame cake diet, the efficacy of these processes increased by 1.2- and 1.3-fold, respectively, compared with those in MWs not fed a sesame cake diet. To assess these changes, the profiles of MW compounds were analysed using liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, where MWs fed with 50% sesame cake diets and those not fed sesame cake diets were compared. Choline content in MWs fed sesame cakes was high. Our results indicate that a sesame cake diet enhances the nutritional and economic values of MWs, validating their use as an alternative food source.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318332","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-16DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230162
H.C. Yang, Y.C. Li, G.J. Wang, J. Xie, E.M. Yu
This study investigated the effects of dietary Periplaneta americana water extract (PAWE) supplementation (0, 1, 2, and 4 g/kg) on the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and meat quality in Nile tilapia. The results showed that the extract improved weight gaining rated of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Meanwhile, dietary PAWE decreased lactate content, glycolytic potential, centrifugal water loss, and cooking loss, and enhanced muscle pH, protein content, total sulfhydryl content and meat color in Nile tilapia muscle. Dietary PAWE also improved the total antioxidant capability with enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities and lowered contents of reactive oxygen species, and lipid and protein oxidation products (i.e. thiobarbituric acid reactive species and protein carbonylation). Moreover, dietary PAWE enhanced the contents of flavor amino acids, total amino acids, adenosine monophosphate, and 5′-inosine monophosphate with enhanced the taste indicators (umami, richness and sweetness). In addition, PAWE supplementation improved myofiber growth and muscle protein deposition likely by activating of the IGFs/PI3K/Akt/TOR/S6K1/4E-BP1 pathway, contributing to the enhanced growth performance of Nile tilapia. The optimal dietary PAWE requirement for maximum growth and muscle protein was approximately 3 g/kg. Together, PAWE is a promising natural food additive that enhances muscle quality and nutritional value of Nile tilapia.
{"title":"Effects of dietary Periplaneta americana water extract on growth, chemical composition, muscle antioxidant status, and meat quality of Nile tilapia","authors":"H.C. Yang, Y.C. Li, G.J. Wang, J. Xie, E.M. Yu","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230162","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the effects of dietary Periplaneta americana water extract (PAWE) supplementation (0, 1, 2, and 4 g/kg) on the chemical composition, antioxidant capacity, and meat quality in Nile tilapia. The results showed that the extract improved weight gaining rated of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus). Meanwhile, dietary PAWE decreased lactate content, glycolytic potential, centrifugal water loss, and cooking loss, and enhanced muscle pH, protein content, total sulfhydryl content and meat color in Nile tilapia muscle. Dietary PAWE also improved the total antioxidant capability with enhanced superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase activities and lowered contents of reactive oxygen species, and lipid and protein oxidation products (i.e. thiobarbituric acid reactive species and protein carbonylation). Moreover, dietary PAWE enhanced the contents of flavor amino acids, total amino acids, adenosine monophosphate, and 5′-inosine monophosphate with enhanced the taste indicators (umami, richness and sweetness). In addition, PAWE supplementation improved myofiber growth and muscle protein deposition likely by activating of the IGFs/PI3K/Akt/TOR/S6K1/4E-BP1 pathway, contributing to the enhanced growth performance of Nile tilapia. The optimal dietary PAWE requirement for maximum growth and muscle protein was approximately 3 g/kg. Together, PAWE is a promising natural food additive that enhances muscle quality and nutritional value of Nile tilapia.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139318521","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1163/23524588-20230120
J.C. Ribeiro, Ezequiel R. Coscueta, L. Cunha, M. Pintado
The fractionation of edible insects is one of the major topics related to using insects as food. Developing adequate protein recovery methods is essential to guarantee acceptable incorporation of insect protein fractions into functional food products, which in turn is essential to the development of insect-based products with higher consumer acceptance. This research aimed to produce high-purity protein concentrates from Tenebrio molitor larvae with favourable techno-functional properties, through membrane ultrafiltration with a 50 kDa cut-off, while also comparing with protein concentrates obtained through isoelectric point precipitation (IP). The protein fractions were evaluated for extraction efficiency (protein content, yield, and recovery rate), protein profile (size exclusion chromatography), and techno-functional properties (colour, foaming, and emulsifying properties, and water/oil absorption capacities). The >50 kDa fraction had a protein content above 80% (although lower than the IP fraction), while the <50 kDa fraction only had a protein content of 44.2%. Despite its high protein content, the >50 kDa fraction only attained a protein recovery rate of 27.9%, comparable to the IP fraction recovery rate. The >50 kDa fraction had higher (lightness) and (yellowness) colour than the IP, defatted fraction and powder samples (dried and ground T. molitor). However, all the obtained protein fractions presented a higher Browning Index than the defatted fraction. Additionally, the protein fractions presented better techno-functional properties than the powder or defatted samples, with the >50 kDa fraction presenting better properties than commercial protein concentrates (whey or pea protein). The protein isolation method based on ultrafiltration led to a protein concentrate with high purity and acceptable techno-functional properties, presenting itself as an alternative to the more common method based on isoelectric point precipitation.
{"title":"Evaluation of the ultrafiltration method to obtain a high-value protein concentrate from the edible insect Tenebrio molitor","authors":"J.C. Ribeiro, Ezequiel R. Coscueta, L. Cunha, M. Pintado","doi":"10.1163/23524588-20230120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1163/23524588-20230120","url":null,"abstract":"The fractionation of edible insects is one of the major topics related to using insects as food. Developing adequate protein recovery methods is essential to guarantee acceptable incorporation of insect protein fractions into functional food products, which in turn is essential to the development of insect-based products with higher consumer acceptance. This research aimed to produce high-purity protein concentrates from Tenebrio molitor larvae with favourable techno-functional properties, through membrane ultrafiltration with a 50 kDa cut-off, while also comparing with protein concentrates obtained through isoelectric point precipitation (IP). The protein fractions were evaluated for extraction efficiency (protein content, yield, and recovery rate), protein profile (size exclusion chromatography), and techno-functional properties (colour, foaming, and emulsifying properties, and water/oil absorption capacities). The >50 kDa fraction had a protein content above 80% (although lower than the IP fraction), while the <50 kDa fraction only had a protein content of 44.2%. Despite its high protein content, the >50 kDa fraction only attained a protein recovery rate of 27.9%, comparable to the IP fraction recovery rate. The >50 kDa fraction had higher (lightness) and (yellowness) colour than the IP, defatted fraction and powder samples (dried and ground T. molitor). However, all the obtained protein fractions presented a higher Browning Index than the defatted fraction. Additionally, the protein fractions presented better techno-functional properties than the powder or defatted samples, with the >50 kDa fraction presenting better properties than commercial protein concentrates (whey or pea protein). The protein isolation method based on ultrafiltration led to a protein concentrate with high purity and acceptable techno-functional properties, presenting itself as an alternative to the more common method based on isoelectric point precipitation.","PeriodicalId":48604,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Insects as Food and Feed","volume":"29 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":5.1,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139319755","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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