Pub Date : 2024-09-29DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.023
Juliane Seika , Merla Kubli
A high number of electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to reach end-of-(first)-life during the mobility transition, leaving large volumes of scarce materials behind. At the same time, shortages are expected in the supply chain for battery materials, emphasising the urgency to develop a circular economy for EV batteries. In this study, we investigated the market formation of repurposing and recycling by simulating long-term market dynamics. We quantitatively assessed the reinforcing and counteracting impact of the newly introduced EU battery regulation (2023/1542). We built a system dynamics model to capture the decision factors for repurposing or recycling end-of-life EV batteries. Our findings reveal that the EU battery regulation is effective when it comes to building the required recycling capacities. Our simulations highlight that the current recycling capacities are insufficient to meet the growing demand, thereby highlighting the need for investors to expand the current facilities. On the other hand, the EU battery regulation, which promotes recycling with mandatory recycling shares, leads to a considerable dropping of shares in the emerging repurposing market. Our study concludes that, to achieve a circular economy for EV batteries, balanced support for recycling and repurposing is needed. We call for a complementary policy framework that ensures that repurposing is an integral part of the closed-loop system.
{"title":"Repurpose or recycle? Simulating end-of-life scenarios for electric vehicle batteries under the EU battery regulation","authors":"Juliane Seika , Merla Kubli","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.023","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.023","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>A high number of electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to reach end-of-(first)-life during the mobility transition, leaving large volumes of scarce materials behind. At the same time, shortages are expected in the supply chain for battery materials, emphasising the urgency to develop a circular economy for EV batteries. In this study, we investigated the market formation of repurposing and recycling by simulating long-term market dynamics. We quantitatively assessed the reinforcing and counteracting impact of the newly introduced EU battery regulation (2023/1542). We built a system dynamics model to capture the decision factors for repurposing or recycling end-of-life EV batteries. Our findings reveal that the EU battery regulation is effective when it comes to building the required recycling capacities. Our simulations highlight that the current recycling capacities are insufficient to meet the growing demand, thereby highlighting the need for investors to expand the current facilities. On the other hand, the EU battery regulation, which promotes recycling with mandatory recycling shares, leads to a considerable dropping of shares in the emerging repurposing market. Our study concludes that, to achieve a circular economy for EV batteries, balanced support for recycling and repurposing is needed. We call for a complementary policy framework that ensures that repurposing is an integral part of the closed-loop system.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 644-656"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531084","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.020
Sonia Sandez , Valeria Ibáñez-Forés , Pablo Juan , María D. Bovea
This study evaluates the environmental impacts of extending the lifetime of electric kettles through repair strategies by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. A total of 2640 scenarios were analysed, each considering six variables: material composition, usage intensity, year of failure, failure management, lifetime extension, and end-of-life (EoL) management. The results demonstrate that extending kettle lifetimes through repair can reduce the total environmental impact by up to 35 %, particularly in scenarios where low-energy use is combined with maximum lifetime extension. The use phase contributed the most to the environmental impact, accounting for 48–64 % of the total in most scenarios, driven primarily by energy consumption during kettle operation. In contrast, material composition and EoL management had a smaller effect, representing only 5–10 % of the impact. Repairs focused on lime descaling were the most effective, reducing the environmental burden by up to 20 %, while repairs involving component replacement were less impactful in this regard. These findings underscore the potential of repair strategies to significantly reduce the environmental footprint of household appliances. Policymakers should prioritise repairability in product design and promote consumer awareness to extend product lifetimes and achieve lower environmental impacts.
{"title":"The effect of repair and lifetime extension on the environmental performance of energy-using products. Application to electric water kettles","authors":"Sonia Sandez , Valeria Ibáñez-Forés , Pablo Juan , María D. Bovea","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.020","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.020","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This study evaluates the environmental impacts of extending the lifetime of electric kettles through repair strategies by means of the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) methodology. A total of 2640 scenarios were analysed, each considering six variables: material composition, usage intensity, year of failure, failure management, lifetime extension, and end-of-life (EoL) management. The results demonstrate that extending kettle lifetimes through repair can reduce the total environmental impact by up to 35 %, particularly in scenarios where low-energy use is combined with maximum lifetime extension. The use phase contributed the most to the environmental impact, accounting for 48–64 % of the total in most scenarios, driven primarily by energy consumption during kettle operation. In contrast, material composition and EoL management had a smaller effect, representing only 5–10 % of the impact. Repairs focused on lime descaling were the most effective, reducing the environmental burden by up to 20 %, while repairs involving component replacement were less impactful in this regard. These findings underscore the potential of repair strategies to significantly reduce the environmental footprint of household appliances. Policymakers should prioritise repairability in product design and promote consumer awareness to extend product lifetimes and achieve lower environmental impacts.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 445-456"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424944","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.018
Grazia Leonzio , Niki Triantafyllou , Nilay Shah
The power-to-liquid process is a key emerging technology for fossil-free raw materials and energy systems. In this work, techno-economic, and environmental analyses are carried out for a Fischer-Tropsch process producing diesel and characterized by the recovery of carbon dioxide through direct air capture, as well as the recovery of water and heat. The main aim of this study is to verify with respective analyses the circularity of carbon dioxide, water and heat and to conduct a global sensitivity analysis to identify significant system process parameters for some key performance indicators, when changed simultaneously. Despite the proven circularity based on material and energy balances ensuring a power-to-liquid efficiency of about 44 %, results show that the water closed loop is not ensured from an environmental point of view. The water consumption impact category is, in fact, a positive value (0.58–0.74 m3depriv/kgdiesel), while the climate change impact category is a negative value (−1.22 to −0.28 kgCO2eq/kgdiesel). A heat closed loop is attained according to the pinch analysis. The diesel production cost is competitive with the market price (1.76 and 2.07 $/literdiesel respectively when solar and wind energy are used). Regarding the sensitivity analysis, it is found that only costs and efficiency depend on the geographic location of the plant, in contrast to other key performance indicators. Overall, an additional optimization of the process is hence required to ensure a closed water loop from an environmental point of view and reduce further the production cost.
{"title":"A sustainability analysis for a circular power-to-liquid process for diesel production","authors":"Grazia Leonzio , Niki Triantafyllou , Nilay Shah","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The power-to-liquid process is a key emerging technology for fossil-free raw materials and energy systems. In this work, techno-economic, and environmental analyses are carried out for a Fischer-Tropsch process producing diesel and characterized by the recovery of carbon dioxide through direct air capture, as well as the recovery of water and heat. The main aim of this study is to verify with respective analyses the circularity of carbon dioxide, water and heat and to conduct a global sensitivity analysis to identify significant system process parameters for some key performance indicators, when changed simultaneously. Despite the proven circularity based on material and energy balances ensuring a power-to-liquid efficiency of about 44 %, results show that the water closed loop is not ensured from an environmental point of view. The water consumption impact category is, in fact, a positive value (0.58–0.74 m<sup>3</sup>depriv/kg<sub>diesel</sub>), while the climate change impact category is a negative value (−1.22 to −0.28 kgCO<sub>2eq</sub>/kg<sub>diesel</sub>). A heat closed loop is attained according to the pinch analysis. The diesel production cost is competitive with the market price (1.76 and 2.07 $/liter<sub>diesel</sub> respectively when solar and wind energy are used). Regarding the sensitivity analysis, it is found that only costs and efficiency depend on the geographic location of the plant, in contrast to other key performance indicators. Overall, an additional optimization of the process is hence required to ensure a closed water loop from an environmental point of view and reduce further the production cost.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 657-669"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142531153","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-28DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.021
Daniela Lovarelli , Marco Bovo , Claudia Giannone , Enrica Santolini , Patrizia Tassinari , Marcella Guarino
In recent decades, the livestock sector has significantly improved its efficiency, productivity, and environmental sustainability. Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) represents a driver in this direction, since it enables to monitor individual animals and herds, and supports the farmer in making better decisions. Although the benefits are clear on a livestock perspective, it is difficult to quantify the environmental benefit of having technology on farm, mostly due to the complexity of collecting data on the same farm before and after a certain solution.
In this context, this paper focuses on the assessment of the environmental sustainability of a case-study Italian dairy cattle farm where different technologies were installed one by one: first a mechanical ventilation system (MV) and second an automatic milking system (AMS), without introducing other significant changes to the farm management and practices in the meantime. The environmental impact of milk production on the farm was quantified through the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, and the initial farm configuration was compared with the two scenarios in which each technology was incorporated. Fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM) was used as Functional Unit, and a cradle to farm gate system boundary and biophysical allocation method were selected. This enabled to provide valuable insights for stakeholders about the effect on the environmental sustainability of the use of the two technologies. The results show that for all the evaluated impact categories there is an environmental benefit of the improved scenarios. The biggest benefit can be observed with the installation of mechanical ventilation, to which correspond benefits in terms of animal health, welfare and productivity. Then, also AMS entails sustainability improvements, mainly linked with increased efficiency and productivity. In conclusion, the use of technology on dairy farms improves not only the farm efficiency and the animal management, but also the environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the rapid technological advancements may further enhance this positive trend in reducing the contribution of livestock farming to the environmental impacts provided that farmers adopt them.
{"title":"Reducing life cycle environmental impacts of milk production through precision livestock farming","authors":"Daniela Lovarelli , Marco Bovo , Claudia Giannone , Enrica Santolini , Patrizia Tassinari , Marcella Guarino","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.021","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.021","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>In recent decades, the livestock sector has significantly improved its efficiency, productivity, and environmental sustainability. Precision Livestock Farming (PLF) represents a driver in this direction, since it enables to monitor individual animals and herds, and supports the farmer in making better decisions. Although the benefits are clear on a livestock perspective, it is difficult to quantify the environmental benefit of having technology on farm, mostly due to the complexity of collecting data on the same farm before and after a certain solution.</div><div>In this context, this paper focuses on the assessment of the environmental sustainability of a case-study Italian dairy cattle farm where different technologies were installed one by one: first a mechanical ventilation system (MV) and second an automatic milking system (AMS), without introducing other significant changes to the farm management and practices in the meantime. The environmental impact of milk production on the farm was quantified through the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) method, and the initial farm configuration was compared with the two scenarios in which each technology was incorporated. Fat and protein corrected milk (FPCM) was used as Functional Unit, and a cradle to farm gate system boundary and biophysical allocation method were selected. This enabled to provide valuable insights for stakeholders about the effect on the environmental sustainability of the use of the two technologies. The results show that for all the evaluated impact categories there is an environmental benefit of the improved scenarios. The biggest benefit can be observed with the installation of mechanical ventilation, to which correspond benefits in terms of animal health, welfare and productivity. Then, also AMS entails sustainability improvements, mainly linked with increased efficiency and productivity. In conclusion, the use of technology on dairy farms improves not only the farm efficiency and the animal management, but also the environmental sustainability. Furthermore, the rapid technological advancements may further enhance this positive trend in reducing the contribution of livestock farming to the environmental impacts provided that farmers adopt them.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 303-314"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424505","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-27DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.015
Dilshan Sandaruwan Premathilake , Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye , Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior , Ana Teresa Macas Lima , Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa , Mentore Vaccari
The growing demand for electric vehicles has led to a growing concern for battery recycling, particularly for critical raw materials. However, there is insufficient investigation into the environmental and economic impacts of hydrometallurgical recycling methods. In this study we explored emerging hydrometallurgical technologies in economic and environmental perspective to establish conceptual routes to recover Co, Ni and Mn oxides from waste LiNi0.33Mn0.33Co0.33O2 cathode materials from spent Li-ion batteries. After, life cycle assessment and costing techniques were utilized to compare the environmental and economical performances of each conceptual route. Recovery efficiency of metal oxides through each route was also considered as a key factor. Results suggested that deep eutectic solvent-based leaching produces the highest impact under many impact categories while electrolysis-based leaching showed the least. Under purification technologies assessed, ion-exchange based purification showed significantly lower impact under many categories except stratospheric ozone depletion. Solvent based purification has been identified as the worst technology for purification. Hydroxide based calcination has been identified as the most environmentally sustainable calcination method compared to oxalate calcination. The route consists with inorganic leaching, ion-exchange based purification and hydroxide calcination showed the lowest environmental impact (emission effect at 33.8 kg CO2 eq), with lower economic impact ($ 119) and the highest recovery efficiency (78 %) per 1 kg of cathode active materials. However, using electrolysis-based leaching can slightly increase the impacts with lower recovery efficiency (75 %) and better economic performance ($104/kg of cathode active materials). Terrestrial ecotoxicity was identified to be the most affected impact category for the recovery processes. It is recommended that technologies like deep eutectic solvent-based leaching, solvent extraction and environmentally sustainable technologies like supercritical fluid extraction need further studies prior to industrial applications.
{"title":"Comparative environmental and economic assessment of emerging hydrometallurgical recycling technologies for Li-ion battery cathodes","authors":"Dilshan Sandaruwan Premathilake , Teklit Gebregiorgis Ambaye , Amilton Barbosa Botelho Junior , Ana Teresa Macas Lima , Denise Crocce Romano Espinosa , Mentore Vaccari","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The growing demand for electric vehicles has led to a growing concern for battery recycling, particularly for critical raw materials. However, there is insufficient investigation into the environmental and economic impacts of hydrometallurgical recycling methods. In this study we explored emerging hydrometallurgical technologies in economic and environmental perspective to establish conceptual routes to recover Co, Ni and Mn oxides from waste LiNi<sub>0.33</sub>Mn<sub>0.33</sub>Co<sub>0.33</sub>O<sub>2</sub> cathode materials from spent Li-ion batteries. After, life cycle assessment and costing techniques were utilized to compare the environmental and economical performances of each conceptual route. Recovery efficiency of metal oxides through each route was also considered as a key factor. Results suggested that deep eutectic solvent-based leaching produces the highest impact under many impact categories while electrolysis-based leaching showed the least. Under purification technologies assessed, ion-exchange based purification showed significantly lower impact under many categories except stratospheric ozone depletion. Solvent based purification has been identified as the worst technology for purification. Hydroxide based calcination has been identified as the most environmentally sustainable calcination method compared to oxalate calcination. The route consists with inorganic leaching, ion-exchange based purification and hydroxide calcination showed the lowest environmental impact (emission effect at 33.8 kg CO<sub>2</sub> eq), with lower economic impact ($ 119) and the highest recovery efficiency (78 %) per 1 kg of cathode active materials. However, using electrolysis-based leaching can slightly increase the impacts with lower recovery efficiency (75 %) and better economic performance ($104/kg of cathode active materials). Terrestrial ecotoxicity was identified to be the most affected impact category for the recovery processes. It is recommended that technologies like deep eutectic solvent-based leaching, solvent extraction and environmentally sustainable technologies like supercritical fluid extraction need further studies prior to industrial applications.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 327-344"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424507","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-26DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.010
Pamela Madududu , Damien Jourdain , Duc Tran , Margo Degieter , Selma Karuaihe , Herbert Ntuli , Hans De Steur
The dairy sector is transforming following growing concerns over sustainability, propelling innovations such as plant-based milk alternatives (PBMAs). Researchers have shown increasing interest in conducting studies on consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for dairy and PBMAs. This scoping review expounds on consumers' WTP for dairy and PBMAs, focusing on attributes to understand the variation across regions, value elicitation methods, driving factors, and impact on sustainable dairy. Researchers searched the literature using Web of Science, Scopus, and AgEcon databases and used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to synthesize the findings of a scoping review of 123 worldwide studies. The reviewed studies applied stated preference (SP) and revealed preference (RP) methods, but SP methods were dominant, especially discrete choice experiments (DCEs) (42 %) and contingent valuation methods (CVM) (25 %). Consumers were willing to pay an average premium of 44 % for all attributes. Most studies were on cow milk (90 %), whereas very few investigated PBMAs and other milk types. The average WTP for the attribute categories were organic (55 %), animal welfare (53 %), origin (45 %), milk quality and safety (45 %), brand (40 %), environmental (34 %), health-related (25 %), and sensory attributes (22 %). Consumers' WTP for dairy and PBMAs attributes impact the sustainability of the dairy sector across regions. Moreover, income, awareness, and information consciousness influenced consumers' WTP for organic, safety, health, and environmental milk attributes. This study highlights the complexity and diversity of consumers' WTP for dairy and PBMAs across regions. Our findings emphasize the need to employ multilevel strategies ranging from farm-level dairy production to processing and consumption to achieve socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable dairy. Future research should focus on consumers' WTP for PBMAs and gather more evidence on how consumers in Africa and South America value sustainable dairy and PBMAs.
随着人们对可持续发展的关注与日俱增，乳制品行业正在发生转变，植物基牛奶替代品（PBMAs）等创新产品应运而生。研究人员对研究消费者对乳制品和植物基牛奶替代品的支付意愿（WTP）表现出越来越大的兴趣。本范围综述阐述了消费者对乳制品和植物基牛奶替代品的支付意愿，重点关注了解不同地区消费者支付意愿的属性差异、价值激发方法、驱动因素以及对可持续乳制品的影响。研究人员使用 Web of Science、Scopus 和 AgEcon 数据库对文献进行了检索，并使用描述性统计和主题分析对全球 123 项研究的范围综述结果进行了归纳。综述研究采用了陈述偏好（SP）和揭示偏好（RP）方法，但陈述偏好方法占主导地位，尤其是离散选择实验（DCE）（42%）和或有估值方法（CVM）（25%）。消费者愿意为所有属性平均支付 44% 的溢价。大多数研究是针对牛奶的（90%），而很少有研究调查了 PBMA 和其他类型的牛奶。各类属性的平均 WTP 分别为有机属性（55%）、动物福利属性（53%）、原产地属性（45%）、牛奶质量和安全属性（45%）、品牌属性（40%）、环境属性（34%）、健康相关属性（25%）和感官属性（22%）。消费者对乳制品和PBMAs属性的WTP影响着各地区乳制品行业的可持续性。此外，收入、认知度和信息意识也影响着消费者对有机、安全、健康和环保牛奶属性的WTP。本研究强调了不同地区消费者对乳制品和 PBMA 的 WTP 的复杂性和多样性。我们的研究结果强调，需要采用从牧场层面的乳品生产到加工和消费的多层次策略，以实现乳品在社会、经济和环境方面的可持续发展。未来的研究应关注消费者对PBMAs的WTP，并收集更多关于非洲和南美洲消费者如何重视可持续乳制品和PBMAs的证据。
{"title":"Consumers' willingness-to-pay for dairy and plant-based milk alternatives towards sustainable dairy: A scoping review","authors":"Pamela Madududu , Damien Jourdain , Duc Tran , Margo Degieter , Selma Karuaihe , Herbert Ntuli , Hans De Steur","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>The dairy sector is transforming following growing concerns over sustainability, propelling innovations such as plant-based milk alternatives (PBMAs). Researchers have shown increasing interest in conducting studies on consumers' willingness to pay (WTP) for dairy and PBMAs. This scoping review expounds on consumers' WTP for dairy and PBMAs, focusing on attributes to understand the variation across regions, value elicitation methods, driving factors, and impact on sustainable dairy. Researchers searched the literature using Web of Science, Scopus, and AgEcon databases and used descriptive statistics and thematic analysis to synthesize the findings of a scoping review of 123 worldwide studies. The reviewed studies applied stated preference (SP) and revealed preference (RP) methods, but SP methods were dominant, especially discrete choice experiments (DCEs) (42 %) and contingent valuation methods (CVM) (25 %). Consumers were willing to pay an average premium of 44 % for all attributes. Most studies were on cow milk (90 %), whereas very few investigated PBMAs and other milk types. The average WTP for the attribute categories were organic (55 %), animal welfare (53 %), origin (45 %), milk quality and safety (45 %), brand (40 %), environmental (34 %), health-related (25 %), and sensory attributes (22 %). Consumers' WTP for dairy and PBMAs attributes impact the sustainability of the dairy sector across regions. Moreover, income, awareness, and information consciousness influenced consumers' WTP for organic, safety, health, and environmental milk attributes. This study highlights the complexity and diversity of consumers' WTP for dairy and PBMAs across regions. Our findings emphasize the need to employ multilevel strategies ranging from farm-level dairy production to processing and consumption to achieve socially, economically, and environmentally sustainable dairy. Future research should focus on consumers' WTP for PBMAs and gather more evidence on how consumers in Africa and South America value sustainable dairy and PBMAs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 261-277"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357234","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-25DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.012
Daphne Ribbers , Erica van Herpen , Mario Pandelaere , Maggie Geuens
{"title":"Morals over money: The relationship between moral motivations and Consumers' food waste","authors":"Daphne Ribbers , Erica van Herpen , Mario Pandelaere , Maggie Geuens","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 359-370"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142424509","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-23DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.014
Lars Gunnar Furelid Tellnes , Asbjørn Olav Pedersen , Ramón Pamies , Bjørn Gitle Hauge , Anna-Lena Kjøniksen
The policy for a low emission society requires that companies measure their impact from a life cycle perspective for both products and corporate reporting. This work presents new climate performance indicators to evaluate business models (BM) based on life cycle assessment (LCA) and benchmarked with statistics for Sustainable Development Goal indicator 9.4.1. The research was conducted by action case studies involving 20 small and medium sized enterprises (SMEs) from various sectors. The SMEs did not have previous experience with LCA. Therefore, a work process called “LCA á la carte” was designed to gradually increase details and effort. The results of simplified indicators on the manufacturing SMEs showed that the direct emissions to value added are lower than industry average. However, when upstream emissions and value added were included, the emission intensities are about industry average. The full life cycle climate indicators are presented for a boat production company that experiment with new BMs. Use phase electrification was found to be the most effective measure (60 % lower emission intensity), while material recycling and boat rental each reduced the emission intensity with about 30 %. However, a combination of these new BMs gives best results and could be needed to reach future benchmarks. This study suggests LCA for BM as a combination of a work process, actors' perspectives, and performance indicators. The results highlight that the scope of activities included in the performance indicators is crucial. New reporting standards such as the European Sustainable Development Standard (ESRS) should review the emission intensity indicators to ensure consistency between the scopes of activities included.
低排放社会政策要求企业从产品和企业报告的生命周期角度衡量其影响。这项工作提出了新的气候绩效指标，用于评估基于生命周期评估（LCA）的商业模式（BM），并以可持续发展目标指标 9.4.1 的统计数据为基准。研究通过行动案例研究进行，涉及 20 家不同行业的中小型企业 (SME)。这些中小型企业以前并没有生命周期评估的经验。因此，设计了一个名为 "LCA á la carte "的工作流程，以逐步增加细节和工作量。制造业中小型企业的简化指标结果表明，直接排放量与增加值之比低于行业平均水平。然而，如果将上游排放和附加值计算在内，排放强度则与行业平均水平相当。对一家尝试使用新型生物量管理的船只生产公司，提出了全生命周期气候指标。使用阶段电气化被认为是最有效的措施（排放强度降低了 60%），而材料回收和船只租赁各降低了约 30% 的排放强度。然而，将这些新的基本措施结合在一起可获得最佳效果，并可达到未来的基准。本研究建议将工作流程、参与者的观点和绩效指标结合起来，对 BM 进行生命周期评估。研究结果突出表明，绩效指标所包含的活动范围至关重要。新的报告标准（如欧洲可持续发展标准 (ESRS)）应审查排放强度指标，以确保所含活动范围的一致性。
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Dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) explicitly takes into account the dynamics of carbon storage and release in the impact assessment of biomass use on climate change, although such approach requires more data and increases the complexity of the calculation. The aim of this work is therefore to assess how the application of dynamic LCA can be facilitated based on: the modelling tool Temporalis, the time dimension of the functional unit, and the contribution of the time dimension to the accuracy of results. Firstly, Temporalis was tested and improved, proving to be an efficient tool for performing dynamic LCA. Secondly, two functional units were compared: ‘total number of units produced over the whole lifespan of the plant’ (FU1) and ‘1 unit produced at ’ (FU2); the results are equivalent when the lifespan of the plant is short compared to the studied time horizon. FU1 should be used for assessing the potential impact of the entire system on climate change relative to climate goals on a calendar-based timeline. Conversely, FU2 should be used for comparing systems that do not share the same temporal distribution of production and for generating inventory data that can be reused as background inventory data in other life cycles. Thirdly, the variation in results induced by the dynamic characterisation of the impact was compared with the variations induced by the uncertainties in the inventory data, which are not always significant. The mathematical properties of the absolute global warming potential were investigated for a time horizon that tends towards infinity, thus generalising previous observations and predicting some of these results derived from simplified temporal information. Further investigation would allow for the development of a method for selecting flows to be distributed over a timescale prior to a full dynamic LCA, using only simplified temporal information.
{"title":"Facilitating dynamic life cycle assessment for climate change mitigation","authors":"Sibylle Duval-Dachary , Daphné Lorne , Guillaume Batôt , Arnaud Hélias","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.017","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.017","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) explicitly takes into account the dynamics of carbon storage and release in the impact assessment of biomass use on climate change, although such approach requires more data and increases the complexity of the calculation. The aim of this work is therefore to assess how the application of dynamic LCA can be facilitated based on: the modelling tool Temporalis, the time dimension of the functional unit, and the contribution of the time dimension to the accuracy of results. Firstly, Temporalis was tested and improved, proving to be an efficient tool for performing dynamic LCA. Secondly, two functional units were compared: ‘total number of units produced over the whole lifespan of the plant’ (FU1) and ‘1 unit produced at <span><math><msub><mi>t</mi><mn>0</mn></msub></math></span>’ (FU2); the results are equivalent when the lifespan of the plant is short compared to the studied time horizon. FU1 should be used for assessing the potential impact of the entire system on climate change relative to climate goals on a calendar-based timeline. Conversely, FU2 should be used for comparing systems that do not share the same temporal distribution of production and for generating inventory data that can be reused as background inventory data in other life cycles. Thirdly, the variation in results induced by the dynamic characterisation of the impact was compared with the variations induced by the uncertainties in the inventory data, which are not always significant. The mathematical properties of the absolute global warming potential were investigated for a time horizon that tends towards infinity, thus generalising previous observations and predicting some of these results derived from simplified temporal information. Further investigation would allow for the development of a method for selecting flows to be distributed over a timescale prior to a full dynamic LCA, using only simplified temporal information.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 159-168"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142319716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-22DOI: 10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.009
Thomas Elliot , Hamed Kouchaki-Penchah , Victor Brial , Annie Levasseur , Sarah J. McLaren
This research introduces a dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) based carbonation impact calculator designed to enhance the environmental evaluation of cement-based construction products. The research emphasizes the limitations of static LCAs which fail to capture the time-dependent nature of carbon sequestration by carbonation.
We provide an easy-to-use spreadsheet-based LCA carbonation model. The model is available in the supplementary information, and includes a suite of changeable parameters for exploring the effect of alternative environmental conditions and concrete block composition on carbonation. The tool enables use of both a static and dynamic LCA method to calculate the production emissions and carbonation sequestration of a concrete block over a 1000-year time horizon.
Carbonation can partially mitigate initial production emissions and adjust radiative forcing over long periods. Using a static attributional LCA approach, carbonation sequesters 6 % of the CO2 generated from its production emissions. We describe the ratio of carbonation to production emissions as the partial “carbonation payback”, and with dynamic LCA show the variation of this ratio over time. Considering time by applying the dynamic LCA approach, we find this partial “carbonation payback” is split between uptake during the 60-year service life (0.13 kg CO2) and the 940-year end of life period (0.12 kg CO2) in our baseline case. Further scenario analyses illustrate the significant variability in carbonation payback, driven by environmental factors, cement composition, and the use of supplementary cementitious materials.
The results highlight the critical role of modelling choices in estimating the carbonation payback. The carbonation calculator developed in this study offers a sophisticated yet user-friendly tool, providing both researchers and practitioners with the ability to dynamically model the sequestration potential of concrete, thereby promoting more sustainable construction practices.
{"title":"Dynamic environmental payback of concrete due to carbonation over centuries","authors":"Thomas Elliot , Hamed Kouchaki-Penchah , Victor Brial , Annie Levasseur , Sarah J. McLaren","doi":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.spc.2024.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>This research introduces a dynamic life cycle assessment (LCA) based carbonation impact calculator designed to enhance the environmental evaluation of cement-based construction products. The research emphasizes the limitations of static LCAs which fail to capture the time-dependent nature of carbon sequestration by carbonation.</div><div>We provide an easy-to-use spreadsheet-based LCA carbonation model. The model is available in the supplementary information, and includes a suite of changeable parameters for exploring the effect of alternative environmental conditions and concrete block composition on carbonation. The tool enables use of both a static and dynamic LCA method to calculate the production emissions and carbonation sequestration of a concrete block over a 1000-year time horizon.</div><div>Carbonation can partially mitigate initial production emissions and adjust radiative forcing over long periods. Using a static attributional LCA approach, carbonation sequesters 6 % of the CO<sub>2</sub> generated from its production emissions. We describe the ratio of carbonation to production emissions as the partial “carbonation payback”, and with dynamic LCA show the variation of this ratio over time. Considering time by applying the dynamic LCA approach, we find this partial “carbonation payback” is split between uptake during the 60-year service life (0.13 kg CO<sub>2</sub>) and the 940-year end of life period (0.12 kg CO<sub>2</sub>) in our baseline case. Further scenario analyses illustrate the significant variability in carbonation payback, driven by environmental factors, cement composition, and the use of supplementary cementitious materials.</div><div>The results highlight the critical role of modelling choices in estimating the carbonation payback. The carbonation calculator developed in this study offers a sophisticated yet user-friendly tool, providing both researchers and practitioners with the ability to dynamically model the sequestration potential of concrete, thereby promoting more sustainable construction practices.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48619,"journal":{"name":"Sustainable Production and Consumption","volume":"51 ","pages":"Pages 236-247"},"PeriodicalIF":10.9,"publicationDate":"2024-09-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142357235","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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