International Journal of Mining Science and Technology最新文献

{"title":"Potential failure mechanism of low–angle submarine landslides in shelf–slope break of Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea","authors":"Zhenghui Li ,&nbsp;Cong Hu ,&nbsp;Geetanjali Kishan Lohar ,&nbsp;Xiujuan Wang ,&nbsp;Duanxin Chen ,&nbsp;Hanlu Liu ,&nbsp;Devendra Narain Singh ,&nbsp;Chaoqi Zhu ,&nbsp;Yonggang Jia","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Low–angle submarine landslides pose a greater threat to offshore infrastructure compared to those with steep sliding angles. Understanding the preparation and triggering mechanism of these low–angle submarine landslides remains a significant challenge. This study focuses on a deformed low–angle submarine landslide in the shelf–slope break of the Pearl River Mouth Basin, South China Sea, integrating sedimentology, geophysics, and geotechnology to investigate potential failure mechanisms. The architecture and deformation characteristics of the submarine landslide were elucidated by analyzing multibeam and seismic data. Within the context of the regional geological history and tectonic framework, this study focuses on the factors (e.g., rapid sedimentation, fluid activity, and earthquakes) that potentially contributed to the submarine slope failure. Furthermore, a series of stability evaluations considering the effects of rapid sedimentation and earthquakes was conducted. Our findings indicate that the most probable triggering mechanism involves the combined effects of sedimentation controlled by sea–level fluctuations, high–pressure gas activity, and seismic events. The high–pressure gas, which acts as a long–term preconditioning factor by elevating pore pressures and reducing shear resistance within the sediment, accumulated beneath the upper and middle sections of the low–permeability stratum that was formed during sea–level rise and ultimately evolved into the sliding mass. The overpressure generated by gas accumulation predisposed the submarine slope to instability, and a frequent or moderate earthquake ultimately initiated local failure. This study enhances the mechanistic understanding of low–angle slope failures in the shelf–slope break zone and provides critical insights for assessing marine hazard risks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 2031-2053"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441363","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Sparse pipeline wall information-based data-driven reconstruction for solid–liquid two-phase flow in flexible vibrating pipelines","authors":"Shengpeng Xiao ,&nbsp;Chuyi Wan ,&nbsp;Hongbo Zhu ,&nbsp;Dai Zhou ,&nbsp;Juxi Hu ,&nbsp;Mengmeng Zhang ,&nbsp;Yuankun Sun ,&nbsp;Yan Bao ,&nbsp;Ke Zhao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.07.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep-sea mineral resource transportation predominantly utilizes hydraulic pipeline methodology. Environmental factors induce vibrations in flexible pipelines, thereby affecting the internal flow characteristics. Therefore, real-time monitoring of solid–liquid two-phase flow in pipelines is crucial for system maintenance. This study develops an autoencoder-based deep learning framework to reconstruct three-dimensional solid–liquid two-phase flow within flexible vibrating pipelines utilizing sparse wall information from sensors. Within this framework, separate X-model and F-model with distinct hidden-layer structures are established to reconstruct the coordinates and flow field information on the computational domain grid of the pipeline under traveling wave vibration. Following hyperparameter optimization, the models achieved high reconstruction accuracy, demonstrating <em>R</em>² values of 0.990 and 0.945, respectively. The models’ robustness is evaluated across three aspects: vibration parameters, physical fields, and vibration modes, demonstrating good reconstruction performance. Results concerning sensors show that 20 sensors (0.06% of total grids) achieve a balance between accuracy and cost, with superior accuracy obtained when arranged along the full length of the pipe compared to a dense arrangement at the front end. The models exhibited a signal-to-noise ratio tolerance of approximately 27 dB, with reconstruction accuracy being more affected by sensor failures at both ends of the pipeline.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 1885-1903"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145705409","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Prediction of lost circulation risk in fractured formations based on 3D geomechanical modeling","authors":"Jinfa Zhang ,&nbsp;Yongcun Feng ,&nbsp;Sijia Ma ,&nbsp;Zhijuan Hao ,&nbsp;Bing He ,&nbsp;Jingyi Wei ,&nbsp;Jingen Deng","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.08.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.08.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Due to complex geological structures and a narrow safe mud density window, offshore fractured formations frequently encounter severe lost circulation (LC) during drilling, significantly hindering oil and gas exploration and development. Predicting LC risks enables the targeted implementation of mitigation strategies, thereby reducing the frequency of such incidents. To address the limitations of existing 3D geomechanical modeling in predicting LC, such as arbitrary factor selection, subjective weight assignment, and the inability to achieve pre-drilling prediction along the entire well section, an improved prediction method is proposed. This method integrates multi-source data and incorporates three LC-related sensitivity factors: fracture characteristics, rock brittleness, and in-situ stress conditions. A quantitative risk assessment model for LC is developed by combining the subjective analytic hierarchy process with the objective entropy weight method (EWM) to assign weights. Subsequently, 3D geomechanical modeling is applied to identify regional risk zones, enabling digital visualization for pre-drilling risk prediction. The developed 3D LC risk prediction model was validated using actual LC incidents from drilled wells. Results were generally consistent with field-identified LC zones, with an average relative error of 19.08%, confirming its reliability. This method provides practical guidance for mitigating potential LC risks and optimizing drilling program designs in fractured formations.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 1955-1973"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145705262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Slurry infiltration characteristics of coral reef limestone based on infiltration column tests and CT scanning","authors":"Jiahe Bai ,&nbsp;Xin Huang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Reef limestone is buried in the continental shelf and marine environment. Understanding the mechanisms governing filter cake formation in coral reef limestone strata is essential for various engineering activities in coastal areas, including slurry pressure balanced (SPB) shield tunneling, which are currently not well understood. This study systematically investigates the slurry infiltration characteristics of different coral reef limestone types with inherent anisotropy, identified by growth line orientations, through a series of micro-infiltration column tests. Multiple slurry concentrations and pressures were used to analyze their effects on slurry infiltration dynamics and filter cake formation. Pre- and post-infiltration CT scanning was conducted to examine skeletal morphology and reconstruct the pore network structure of coral reef limestone samples. The results show that while increased slurry concentrations and pressures generally improve filter cake formation, excessive pressure can compromise filter cake integrity. By employing Dijkstra’s algorithm in a pore network model, the study identified primary seepage pathways, highlighting the significant role of near-vertical throat clusters in the infiltration process. A comprehensive analysis of pore structure and connectivity indices before and after infiltration revealed that the orientation of growth lines in coral reef limestone is the primary factor influencing macroscopic slurry infiltration behavior. These findings offer valuable insights for the design and execution of tunneling projects through coral reef limestone formations, especially in coastal regions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 1989-2010"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441362","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Multiscale track-seabed dynamic interaction during deep-sea seabed mining across operational modes","authors":"Bin Zhu ,&nbsp;Xianhao Xiu ,&nbsp;Ying Lai ,&nbsp;Yunmin Chen ,&nbsp;Viroon Kamchoom ,&nbsp;Anthony Gunawan ,&nbsp;Ruishi Zhang ,&nbsp;Shusen Xiong","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.10.007","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.10.007","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Deep-sea mining has emerged as a critical solution to address global resource shortages; however, the mechanical interaction between tracked mining vehicles (TMVs) and soft seabed sediments presents fundamental engineering challenges. This study establishes a multiscale modelling framework coupling the discrete element method (DEM) with multi-body dynamics (MBD) to investigate track-seabed dynamic interactions across three operational modes: flat terrain, slope climbing, and ditch surmounting. The simulation framework, validated against laboratory experiments, systematically evaluates the influence of grouser geometry (involute, triangular, and pin-type) and traveling speed (0.2–1.0 m/s) on traction performance, slip rate, and ground pressure distribution. Results reveal rate-dependent traction mechanisms governed by soil microstructural responses: higher speeds enhance peak traction but exacerbate slip instability on complex terrain. Critical operational thresholds are established—0.7 m/s for flat terrain, ≤0.5 m/s for slopes and ditches—with distinct grouser optimization strategies: involute grousers achieve 35%–40% slip reduction on slopes through progressive soil engagement, while triangular grousers provide optimal impact resistance during ditch crossing with 30%–35% performance improvement. These findings provide quantitative design criteria and operational guidelines for optimizing TMV structural parameters and control strategies, offering a robust theoretical foundation for enhancing the performance, safety, and reliability of deep-sea mining equipment in complex submarine environments.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 11","pages":"Pages 2055-2071"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145509556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Failure characteristics and mechanisms of uniaxial compressed red sandstone in non-uniform water distribution environment: Effects of immersion height and duration","authors":"Jiancheng Huang ,&nbsp;Yong Luo ,&nbsp;Xuefeng Si ,&nbsp;Feng Lin ,&nbsp;Kun Wang ,&nbsp;Jiadong Qiu ,&nbsp;Fan Feng ,&nbsp;Qing Du","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.008","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.008","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>To investigate the influence of non-uniform water distribution on the mechanical properties and failure behavior of red sandstone, we designed five immersion heights and durations to achieve varying non-uniform water distribution states. Uniaxial compression tests were conducted on red sandstone under these conditions. The effects of non-uniform water distribution on deformation, failure, strength, and energy characteristics of red sandstone were analyzed. The impact of non-uniform water distribution on the intensity of rock failure was discussed, and the failure mechanism under non-uniform water distribution was revealed. The hazards of low immersion heights on underground rock structures were analyzed. The results demonstrate that peak strength and elastic modulus of red sandstone exhibit high sensitivity to immersion height, with reductions of 38% and 23% respectively even at <em>L</em>=1/50<em>H</em>. Water immersion reduces both energy storage capacity and energy dissipation capability of red sandstone. The immersion height and duration influence the failure mode of red sandstone by controlling the migration and separation of dry-wet interfaces. Low immersion height poses significant risks to underground rock structures (e.g., a 38% strength reduction when <em>L</em>=1/50<em>H</em>), and the concentration degree of water non-uniform distribution is the key factor in assessing the weakening effect of water on rocks.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 10","pages":"Pages 1809-1826"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145441374","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Experimental investigation on failure mode and fracture characteristic of rock samples induced by laser irradiation","authors":"Dongxu Yu ,&nbsp;Yijiang Wang ,&nbsp;Shuchen Li ,&nbsp;Zongheng Jiang ,&nbsp;Jianzhou Wang","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.10.001","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.10.001","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>For hard rock cracking induced by laser irradiation, the failure modes and fracture characteristics among rocks of different types and sizes are still unclear. Therefore, the experiments on laser-induced fracturing of limestone, sandstone, and various-sized granite specimens were conducted. Real-time acoustic emission monitoring and laser scanning were employed to capture acoustic emission signals inside rocks during laser irradiation and to reconstruct the fracture surfaces after laser irradiation. Results indicate that abundant melts in sandstone and granite dissipated laser energy, leading to lower acoustic emission peak energy compared to limestone. Larger-sized specimen delayed the occurrence of peak energy. Crystal thermal expansion and changes in pore pressure induced tensile-shear composite failure in limestone, whereas thermal expansion of minerals in sandstone and granite promoted tensile failure. Fracture surface morphology was influenced by sampling interval, anisotropy, and size effects. The joint roughness coefficient and fractal dimension of sandstone exceed granite and limestone. Asperity heights and slope angles ranged from 1–14 mm and 0–40°, respectively, with the average aspect angles exceeding 110°. Granite exhibited the highest proportion of macropores after laser irradiation, approximately 4.8%. These findings provide valuable insights for the application of laser-assisted fracturing in hard rock excavation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 10","pages":"Pages 1827-1843"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145382934","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Study on mechanical properties and mesoscopic damage mechanism of composite jointed rock masses","authors":"Yao Bai ,&nbsp;Zhibo Xu ,&nbsp;Haoyu Dou ,&nbsp;Nianzeng Liu ,&nbsp;Ziyue Zhao ,&nbsp;Sihao Qiu ,&nbsp;Renliang Shan","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.08.018","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.08.018","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Joints are widely distributed structural defects in rock masses, and their geometric characteristics play a decisive role in the overall stability of rocks under complex stress conditions. To clarify the influence of joint geometry on the mechanical behavior of jointed rock under such conditions, this study investigated the mechanical properties and failure mechanisms of composite jointed rock specimens with varying joint roughness and joint dip angles. Three typical failure modes under triaxial loading were identified, and a mechanical analysis model incorporating joint roughness and dip angle was established. The failure mechanism was revealed, and a discrete element model was developed to analyze the micro-damage evolution process of the specimens. The results show that the mechanical parameters of the specimens exhibit pronounced anisotropy. Both the elastic modulus and peak strength reach their minimum values at a joint dip angle of 60°. Increasing joint roughness significantly reduces the degree of anisotropy and enhances the energy storage capacity of the specimens. A strong linear relationship is observed between the elastic strain energy and the peak deviatoric stress, confirming the applicability of the linear energy storage law in composite jointed rocks. Discrete element simulations revealed the evolution path and dominant types of microcracks between the joint and matrix. The joint dip angle governs the transition of dominant crack types from tensile to shear and then back to tensile. Increased joint roughness significantly suppresses damage localization along the joint and results in an approximately 20% increase in the proportion of shear microcracks within the matrix. These findings clarify the regulatory role of joint geometrical parameters in the damage evolution process.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 10","pages":"Pages 1731-1751"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145383847","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Electric ignition of sandstone fracturing in methane/air premixed gas in coal mines: Novel insights from ignition sources in a goaf","authors":"Wei Zhang ,&nbsp;Deming Wang ,&nbsp;Xuyao Qi ,&nbsp;Chenguang Wang ,&nbsp;Zhenlu Shao ,&nbsp;Haihui Xin ,&nbsp;Tengfei Chen ,&nbsp;Zhenhai Hou","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.003","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.09.003","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Gas explosions in coal mine goafs are associated with the roof rock fracturing. An experimental system was established to investigate the potential for electrical ignition induced by sandstone fracturing. The electrical responses, luminescent emissions, and ignition characteristics during tensile and compressive failure of sandstones were analyzed in methane/air premixed gas environments. Results indicate that the application of mechanical loading induces the emergence of electrical signals on rock surfaces and in the surrounding atmosphere. This phenomenon is attributed to the generation, accumulation, and subsequent release of free charges during the deformation and fracture within the sandstone. Compressive failure proved to be more conducive to free charge generation than tensile failure, owing to more crack connections. Furthermore, a precipitous increase in surface and external voltages was observed during complete fracturing, a consequence of electron emission from crack tips within the rock structure. Moreover, the ionization induces luminous emissions owing to the collision of energetic electrons released from gas molecules in methane/air mixtures. A strong positive correlation (<em>R</em>²=0.9429) was identified between luminescence intensity and the magnitude of electrical discharge resulting from rock fracture. Notably, such discharge by rock fracturing can be capable of igniting the premixed gas, particularly when the quartz content exceeds 61%. Piezoelectric effects and crack propagation are crucial mechanisms in the causal chain of the charge generation, discharge, and ionization triggered by rock fractures. Based on the above laboratory results, electric ignition of the transient roof fracturing caused by stress mutations can serve as a new potential ignition source for gas explosions in the goaf. These results offer new insights into the prevention and control of gas explosions.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 10","pages":"Pages 1677-1693"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145383865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Anisotropy of laser-induced electro-response in shale: Modelling and experimental validation","authors":"Xuecong Liu,&nbsp;Zhengchun Hong,&nbsp;Yuqi Jiao,&nbsp;Kun Zhao,&nbsp;Xinyang Miao","doi":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.08.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.ijmst.2025.08.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Laser-induced electro-response (LIER), as a new method that complements conventional rock physics testing techniques, is expected to address issues such as of unclear mechanisms, model deficiency, inconsistent evaluation parameters, and difficulty in separating multiple coupling factors in shale anisotropy evaluation, and establish a more complete and reliable shale physical property evaluation system. A testing strategy for out of plane anisotropy (OPA) was proposed for characterising anisotropy by LIER, where the near infrared (NIR) continuous laser (CL) and nanosecond pulsed laser (PL) were used to irradiate the surface of oblique cut shale, and the transverse LIER of the surface was measured. A LIER detection model is constructed from the laser-thermal effect, residual transverse polarization electric field and thermionic emission transport mechanism, which is strongly relying on laser power, bias voltage, and inclination angle of the measurement direction relative to the bedding plane of shale. For OPA test on the slice of oblique cut shale under CL irradiation, the relationship between the product of LIER simulation parameters and the tilting angle can be described by a cubic function and an impulse function with a maximum value at the threshold angle. In addition, the thermal accumulation and transient thermal effects are induced in the shale under a high-energy short laser pulse irradiation, and the simulation results indicate that there is an exponential relationship between the product of parameters in the LIER model and the tilt angle. Thus, for OPA test under CL and PL irradiations, it is recommended to use the product of parameters as an evaluation index for shale anisotropy. Furthermore, to solve the problem of multiple influencing factors entangled in the exponential term of the LIER model, the tangential LIER measurement was performed on the side of cylindrical shale core, where the provided LIER model effectively presented the anisotropy of tight shale plug, especially the effects of bias voltage and laser power on LIER were relatively separated as independent variables. Finally, the LIER at the end of laser drilling is presented well using the optimized model under a focused ns NIR PL irradiation, indicating that LIER is expected to be a real-time means for characterizing shale anisotropy during laser drilling processes. These results show that the present work is fundamental for the precise evaluation and effective development of anisotropic shale reservoirs, and will drive the advances of LIER in the exploration for shale oil and gas.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48625,"journal":{"name":"International Journal of Mining Science and Technology","volume":"35 10","pages":"Pages 1663-1676"},"PeriodicalIF":13.7,"publicationDate":"2025-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145404935","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":1,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}