Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000260
D. Novotny, E. Matthews, Sara M. Powell
The study of disordered eating in dietetics students is vital for health outcomes and ethical consequences for students and their future clients. The eating attitudes and behaviors of 317 undergraduate health students were examined using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Findings indicated 5.1% of dietetics students had scores symptomatic of eating disorders. In addition, dietetics students who completed more nutrition courses had lower EAT-26 scores than students who completed fewer nutrition courses. Given the personal and professional consequences of disordered eating, resources for preventing, identifying, and treating disordered eating are needed in dietetics education programs.
{"title":"Disordered Eating Attitudes and Behaviors of Dietetics Students","authors":"D. Novotny, E. Matthews, Sara M. Powell","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000260","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000260","url":null,"abstract":"The study of disordered eating in dietetics students is vital for health outcomes and ethical consequences for students and their future clients. The eating attitudes and behaviors of 317 undergraduate health students were examined using the Eating Attitudes Test (EAT-26). Findings indicated 5.1% of dietetics students had scores symptomatic of eating disorders. In addition, dietetics students who completed more nutrition courses had lower EAT-26 scores than students who completed fewer nutrition courses. Given the personal and professional consequences of disordered eating, resources for preventing, identifying, and treating disordered eating are needed in dietetics education programs.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"299 - 310"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43361955","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000258
H. Adams, S. Hewlings
Omega-3 fatty acids are known to reduce platelet aggregation and decrease risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease. Currently, there are no published systematic reviews that address the effect of omega-3 supplementation after a cerebral injury. This review addresses the benefit of omega-3 supplementation after intracranial injury, including traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage. Five studies met all of the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Two trials reported improved clinical outcomes, measured as incidence of postoperative bleeding and symptomatic or cerebral vasospasm, while 3 saw no impact from omega-3 supplementation. In conclusion, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may be beneficial in patients who have experienced intracranial injury.
{"title":"The Efficacy of Omega-3 Fatty Acid Supplementation for Improving Health Outcomes in Patients With Neurological Injuries and Traumas","authors":"H. Adams, S. Hewlings","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000258","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000258","url":null,"abstract":"Omega-3 fatty acids are known to reduce platelet aggregation and decrease risk of cardiovascular or cerebrovascular disease. Currently, there are no published systematic reviews that address the effect of omega-3 supplementation after a cerebral injury. This review addresses the benefit of omega-3 supplementation after intracranial injury, including traumatic brain injury and intracranial hemorrhage. Five studies met all of the inclusion criteria and were included in the review. Two trials reported improved clinical outcomes, measured as incidence of postoperative bleeding and symptomatic or cerebral vasospasm, while 3 saw no impact from omega-3 supplementation. In conclusion, omega-3 fatty acid supplementation may be beneficial in patients who have experienced intracranial injury.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"346 - 353"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49438915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000256
Michaelann Hahn, H. Samavat, A. Parker, R. Zelig
The purpose of this literature review is to explore the associations between vitamin D status and cognitive and functional outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury who present in the outpatient or rehabilitation setting. The findings from 3 observational studies showed that while vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in this population, the associations between vitamin D status and cognitive and functional outcomes are not consistent. Limited evidence suggests that patients with traumatic brain injury in the outpatient or rehabilitation setting have increased incidence of vitamin D deficiency and, as such, may benefit from monitoring of laboratory assays and supplementation as needed.
{"title":"Vitamin D Status and Cognitive and Functional Outcomes in Patients With Traumatic Brain Injury","authors":"Michaelann Hahn, H. Samavat, A. Parker, R. Zelig","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000256","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000256","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this literature review is to explore the associations between vitamin D status and cognitive and functional outcomes in patients with traumatic brain injury who present in the outpatient or rehabilitation setting. The findings from 3 observational studies showed that while vitamin D deficiency is prevalent in this population, the associations between vitamin D status and cognitive and functional outcomes are not consistent. Limited evidence suggests that patients with traumatic brain injury in the outpatient or rehabilitation setting have increased incidence of vitamin D deficiency and, as such, may benefit from monitoring of laboratory assays and supplementation as needed.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"331 - 345"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49287736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000261
Mingqian Zhang, Zong-bi Yi, Liyan Ma, Shaoshuo Li, Long Han, Qi Cao
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum zinc levels (SZL) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk via a meta-analysis. Human studies that have reported SZL in patients with IBD and healthy controls were retrieved from different databases. Of the 123 identified articles, only 16 met our criteria and were examined for data extraction and analysis. Our analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between SZL and Crohn's disease. There was no significant relationship between SZL and ulcerative colitis. In conclusion, the results of the meta-analysis indicate a significant association between low SZL and the risk of Crohn's disease, but not ulcerative colitis.
{"title":"Zinc Level in Pathogenesis of Inflammatory Bowel Disease","authors":"Mingqian Zhang, Zong-bi Yi, Liyan Ma, Shaoshuo Li, Long Han, Qi Cao","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000261","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000261","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to investigate the relationship between serum zinc levels (SZL) and inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) risk via a meta-analysis. Human studies that have reported SZL in patients with IBD and healthy controls were retrieved from different databases. Of the 123 identified articles, only 16 met our criteria and were examined for data extraction and analysis. Our analysis demonstrated a significant relationship between SZL and Crohn's disease. There was no significant relationship between SZL and ulcerative colitis. In conclusion, the results of the meta-analysis indicate a significant association between low SZL and the risk of Crohn's disease, but not ulcerative colitis.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"319 - 330"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-10-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45577010","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000254
P. B. Moore, K. T. Jackson, L. Mcanulty
Research examining the relationship between personality characteristics and job satisfaction for the profession of nutrition and dietetics, specifically the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN), is minimal. This study examined these relationships among RDNs in North Carolina. Recruitment of active and currently practicing RDNs occurred between November and December 2018 from the North Carolina Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. A 3-part online survey (Demographics, Big Five Inventory, and Spector Job Satisfaction Survey) was provided to qualifying RDNs (N = 380). The study included practitioners from clinical, community, food and nutrition management, consultation and business, and education and research practice areas. Agreeableness (P < .001) and neuroticism (P < .001) were found to be significant predictors of overall job satisfaction. Future research should explore other relationships that may impact job satisfaction in the field of nutrition and dietetics.
{"title":"Personality Characteristics Influence Job Satisfaction in a Sample of Registered Dietitian Nutritionists","authors":"P. B. Moore, K. T. Jackson, L. Mcanulty","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000254","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000254","url":null,"abstract":"Research examining the relationship between personality characteristics and job satisfaction for the profession of nutrition and dietetics, specifically the Registered Dietitian Nutritionist (RDN), is minimal. This study examined these relationships among RDNs in North Carolina. Recruitment of active and currently practicing RDNs occurred between November and December 2018 from the North Carolina Academy of Nutrition and Dietetics. A 3-part online survey (Demographics, Big Five Inventory, and Spector Job Satisfaction Survey) was provided to qualifying RDNs (N = 380). The study included practitioners from clinical, community, food and nutrition management, consultation and business, and education and research practice areas. Agreeableness (P < .001) and neuroticism (P < .001) were found to be significant predictors of overall job satisfaction. Future research should explore other relationships that may impact job satisfaction in the field of nutrition and dietetics.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"224 - 230"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45495272","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000248
R. E. Sezer Ceren, M. Talas, D. Goksuluk
The aim of this study was to establish validity and reliability of “the Home Enteral Nutrition Caregiver Task Checklist” for the Turkish population. The study sample consisted of 70 caregivers of patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes discharged from a hospital. The language and content validity and reliability stages were completed, respectively. The content validity index was 0.98, Cronbach's α 0.75, and Pearson correlation test r = 0.86 for the checklist. This checklist is a reliable and valid tool for caregivers of patients with a PEG. Using this checklist in the care of patients with a PEG can help identify caregivers' training needs, the challenges they may have once home, and allow for more thorough and precise education to be provided prior to discharge.
{"title":"Validity and Reliability of the Home Enteral Nutrition Caregiver Task Checklist","authors":"R. E. Sezer Ceren, M. Talas, D. Goksuluk","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000248","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000248","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to establish validity and reliability of “the Home Enteral Nutrition Caregiver Task Checklist” for the Turkish population. The study sample consisted of 70 caregivers of patients with percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes discharged from a hospital. The language and content validity and reliability stages were completed, respectively. The content validity index was 0.98, Cronbach's α 0.75, and Pearson correlation test r = 0.86 for the checklist. This checklist is a reliable and valid tool for caregivers of patients with a PEG. Using this checklist in the care of patients with a PEG can help identify caregivers' training needs, the challenges they may have once home, and allow for more thorough and precise education to be provided prior to discharge.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"242 - 251"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44785694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000251
Farah Tadros, Teresa H. Benoit, Susannah C. Folsom, C. Lim, Marty Tanner, Timothy Arbeau, Rebecca J. Solch, B. Langkamp-Henken
Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Personal attributes, including dress, are contributors to perceived professionalism of a dietitian; however, few studies examine this relationship. This study determined whether perceived professionalism of a dietitian was influenced by attire. Participants (n = 474) completed an online questionnaire during which they were randomized to watch 1 of 4 identically scripted videos, of a dietitian, wearing 1 of 4 combinations of attire (business professional with a white coat, business professional without a white coat, scrubs with a white coat, and scrubs without a white coat) giving a diet instruction. Participants rated professionalism by scoring 8 subcharacteristics, averaged to represent a mean total professionalism score. Attire and white coat did not influence perceived professionalism of a dietitian.
{"title":"Perceived Professionalism of a Dietitian Is Not Influenced by Attire or White Coat","authors":"Farah Tadros, Teresa H. Benoit, Susannah C. Folsom, C. Lim, Marty Tanner, Timothy Arbeau, Rebecca J. Solch, B. Langkamp-Henken","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000251","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000251","url":null,"abstract":"Supplemental Digital Content is Available in the Text. Personal attributes, including dress, are contributors to perceived professionalism of a dietitian; however, few studies examine this relationship. This study determined whether perceived professionalism of a dietitian was influenced by attire. Participants (n = 474) completed an online questionnaire during which they were randomized to watch 1 of 4 identically scripted videos, of a dietitian, wearing 1 of 4 combinations of attire (business professional with a white coat, business professional without a white coat, scrubs with a white coat, and scrubs without a white coat) giving a diet instruction. Participants rated professionalism by scoring 8 subcharacteristics, averaged to represent a mean total professionalism score. Attire and white coat did not influence perceived professionalism of a dietitian.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"231 - 241"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44376914","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000255
Rachele Pojednic, D. Gale, M. McFarland, K. Prelack
Physicians' perceptions of registered dietitians (RDs), specifically regarding order writing privileges (OWPs), are relatively unknown. A survey containing questions about demographics, RD competency, roles, and importance of nutrition care was administered to 109 physicians from a large hospital network caring for pediatric patients. Results were determined by t tests and analysis of variance. Physicians believed RDs are most responsible for nutrition education/counseling and least for food service. Those who strongly agreed with the importance of providing nutrition care were more likely to perceive RDs as responsible for that care. Physicians who perceived RDs should initiate diet orders reported higher perceptions regarding systemic effects of granting OWPs.
{"title":"Physicians' Perceptions of the Registered Dietitian Are Evolving","authors":"Rachele Pojednic, D. Gale, M. McFarland, K. Prelack","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000255","url":null,"abstract":"Physicians' perceptions of registered dietitians (RDs), specifically regarding order writing privileges (OWPs), are relatively unknown. A survey containing questions about demographics, RD competency, roles, and importance of nutrition care was administered to 109 physicians from a large hospital network caring for pediatric patients. Results were determined by t tests and analysis of variance. Physicians believed RDs are most responsible for nutrition education/counseling and least for food service. Those who strongly agreed with the importance of providing nutrition care were more likely to perceive RDs as responsible for that care. Physicians who perceived RDs should initiate diet orders reported higher perceptions regarding systemic effects of granting OWPs.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"213 - 223"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49601212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000249
Jing Tang, Qinghua Lu, Yuhong Li, Lei Huang
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D concentrations and the risk of pneumonia in children. Human studies reporting serum vitamin D levels in children with pneumonia and healthy controls were collected from different databases. The standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval were calculated to evaluate the relationship between risk incidence of pneumonia and serum vitamin D levels. The results of analysis showed that serum vitamin D levels in children with pneumonia were significantly lower than those in healthy control children.
{"title":"Serum Vitamin D Levels and the Risk of Pneumonia in Children","authors":"Jing Tang, Qinghua Lu, Yuhong Li, Lei Huang","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000249","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000249","url":null,"abstract":"This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the association between serum vitamin D concentrations and the risk of pneumonia in children. Human studies reporting serum vitamin D levels in children with pneumonia and healthy controls were collected from different databases. The standardized mean difference and 95% confidence interval were calculated to evaluate the relationship between risk incidence of pneumonia and serum vitamin D levels. The results of analysis showed that serum vitamin D levels in children with pneumonia were significantly lower than those in healthy control children.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"252 - 260"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45280389","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-01DOI: 10.1097/TIN.0000000000000252
E. Patten, K. Sauer, Sharee Leany Osborne, K. Rose
Clinical leadership has been addressed in many health care professions; yet, there is little research in dietetics. This qualitative study explored registered dietitian nutritionists' (RDNs'; n = 561) perspectives on what clinical leadership is in dietetics practice and what barriers exist to practicing it. Two thematic analyses were explored. RDNs described dietetics clinical leadership as including strong technical skills, interpersonal interactions, and specific personal attributes. RDNs described barriers to practicing clinical leadership that included the work environment, limited resources, and individual circumstances/attributes. Managers may consider these perspectives as they work with clinical RDNs, and educators can incorporate these findings into the dietetics curriculum.
{"title":"Clinical Leadership in Dietetics","authors":"E. Patten, K. Sauer, Sharee Leany Osborne, K. Rose","doi":"10.1097/TIN.0000000000000252","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1097/TIN.0000000000000252","url":null,"abstract":"Clinical leadership has been addressed in many health care professions; yet, there is little research in dietetics. This qualitative study explored registered dietitian nutritionists' (RDNs'; n = 561) perspectives on what clinical leadership is in dietetics practice and what barriers exist to practicing it. Two thematic analyses were explored. RDNs described dietetics clinical leadership as including strong technical skills, interpersonal interactions, and specific personal attributes. RDNs described barriers to practicing clinical leadership that included the work environment, limited resources, and individual circumstances/attributes. Managers may consider these perspectives as they work with clinical RDNs, and educators can incorporate these findings into the dietetics curriculum.","PeriodicalId":48681,"journal":{"name":"Topics in Clinical Nutrition","volume":"36 1","pages":"202 - 212"},"PeriodicalIF":0.5,"publicationDate":"2021-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43108634","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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