Pub Date : 2024-05-16DOI: 10.1007/s12155-024-10772-1
Jéssyca Ketterine Carvalho, Ricardo Antonio Zanella, P. A. Piana, Adriana Fiorini Rosado, Mairim Dahm da Silva, Rosemeire Aparecida da Silva de Lucca, M. R. Fagundes‐Klen, Edson Antônio da Silva, Karine Zanella, Cleide Viviane Buzanello, Álvaro Barcellos Onofrio, Maria Luiza Fernandes Rodrigues
{"title":"Production of Fermented Solid Containing Lipases from Penicillium polonicum and Its Direct Use as Biocatalyst in the Synthesis of Ethyl Oleate","authors":"Jéssyca Ketterine Carvalho, Ricardo Antonio Zanella, P. A. Piana, Adriana Fiorini Rosado, Mairim Dahm da Silva, Rosemeire Aparecida da Silva de Lucca, M. R. Fagundes‐Klen, Edson Antônio da Silva, Karine Zanella, Cleide Viviane Buzanello, Álvaro Barcellos Onofrio, Maria Luiza Fernandes Rodrigues","doi":"10.1007/s12155-024-10772-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-024-10772-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140968723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-15DOI: 10.1007/s12155-024-10769-w
D. L. Canettieri, D. C. Pimentel, L. F. Almeida, R. F. Gomes, Y. S. Clevelares, V. M. Guimarães, G. P. Maitan-Alfenas
{"title":"Application of the β-Glucosidase from the Fungus Kretzschmaria zonata on Sugarcane Bagasse Hydrolysis","authors":"D. L. Canettieri, D. C. Pimentel, L. F. Almeida, R. F. Gomes, Y. S. Clevelares, V. M. Guimarães, G. P. Maitan-Alfenas","doi":"10.1007/s12155-024-10769-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-024-10769-w","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140972700","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1007/s12155-024-10770-3
Letícia Persilva Fernandes, Rafaela Zandonade Ventorim, Micael Garcia de Oliveira, Lucas Filipe Almeida, Valéria Monteze Guimarães, Gabriela Piccolo Maitan-Alfenas
Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are potential prebiotic ingredients for food industries, mainly obtained after xylan hydrolysis by endoxylanases. Enzyme immobilization offers opportunities for recovery and reuse, while also enhancing its physical and chemical characteristics, such as stability and catalytic efficiency. This work aimed to immobilize the SM2 xylanase derived from the xynA gene from Orpinomyces sp. PC-2 and to evaluate its potential for XOS production. For this, SM2 xylanase was immobilized using the cross-linking methodology. The free and immobilized enzymes were characterized regarding the effect of pH, temperature, and thermostability. The cross-linked enzyme aggregate was evaluated for reuse and storage conditions and used for xylooligosaccharide production. Both free and immobilized SM2 xylanase showed maximal activity at 60 °C. The immobilized enzyme was more active at acidic and neutral conditions, and the free enzyme showed greater activity at basic conditions. The half-life of the free and immobilized xylanase was 30 and 216 h, respectively. In reuse tests, enzymatic activity increased with each cycle, and there was no statistical difference in the activity of SM2 xylanase aggregate stored at 4 and 25 °C. After saccharification, xylobiose (0.895 g/L), xylotriose (0.489 g/L), and xylohexose (0.809 g/L) were detected. As a result, immobilization enhanced thermostability, shifted the pH of maximum activity to 5, facilitated reuse, and eliminated the need for refrigerated packaging. Finally, the xylooligosaccharides produced by the SM2 xylanase are known for their prebiotic role, providing potential application of the immobilized enzyme in the food industry.
{"title":"Xylooligosaccharides from Pretreated Rice Bran Produced by Immobilized Xylanase","authors":"Letícia Persilva Fernandes, Rafaela Zandonade Ventorim, Micael Garcia de Oliveira, Lucas Filipe Almeida, Valéria Monteze Guimarães, Gabriela Piccolo Maitan-Alfenas","doi":"10.1007/s12155-024-10770-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-024-10770-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) are potential prebiotic ingredients for food industries, mainly obtained after xylan hydrolysis by endoxylanases. Enzyme immobilization offers opportunities for recovery and reuse, while also enhancing its physical and chemical characteristics, such as stability and catalytic efficiency. This work aimed to immobilize the SM2 xylanase derived from the <i>xynA</i> gene from <i>Orpinomyces</i> sp. PC-2 and to evaluate its potential for XOS production. For this, SM2 xylanase was immobilized using the cross-linking methodology. The free and immobilized enzymes were characterized regarding the effect of pH, temperature, and thermostability. The cross-linked enzyme aggregate was evaluated for reuse and storage conditions and used for xylooligosaccharide production. Both free and immobilized SM2 xylanase showed maximal activity at 60 °C. The immobilized enzyme was more active at acidic and neutral conditions, and the free enzyme showed greater activity at basic conditions. The half-life of the free and immobilized xylanase was 30 and 216 h, respectively. In reuse tests, enzymatic activity increased with each cycle, and there was no statistical difference in the activity of SM2 xylanase aggregate stored at 4 and 25 °C. After saccharification, xylobiose (0.895 g/L), xylotriose (0.489 g/L), and xylohexose (0.809 g/L) were detected. As a result, immobilization enhanced thermostability, shifted the pH of maximum activity to 5, facilitated reuse, and eliminated the need for refrigerated packaging. Finally, the xylooligosaccharides produced by the SM2 xylanase are known for their prebiotic role, providing potential application of the immobilized enzyme in the food industry.</p>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140931432","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The rapid proliferation of giant Salvinia (GS; Salvinia molesta) in various hydrostatic environments, such as ponds and paddy fields, poses a threat to water quality due to light obstruction. Thus, this study aimed to transform GS biomass into hydrochar or solid biofuel via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). Several parameters were examined, including residence time, reaction temperature, and liquid-to-solid mass ratio (L/S). The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was also employed to set the experimental conditions at three levels and factors. The examinations of reaction temperature (200–220 °C), residence time (2–6 h), and L/S ratio (12–20) were conducted. The physical and chemical characteristics of hydrochar were further analyzed to encompass higher heating value (HHV), proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, functional group, and morphology. The percent energy recovery (ER, %) was remarked for the experimental design response. The kinetic analysis and a comprehensive combustibility index, calculated from TGA/DTG curves, were employed to elucidate the combustion behavior of hydrochar. The optimal condition for hydrochar production, resulting in maximal ER, was identified at 220 °C, 6 h, with an L/S ratio of 16. The corresponding fixed carbon (FC), HHV, and mass yield were approximately 17.2%, 23.5 MJ/kg, and 51.4%, respectively. The H/C and O/C mole ratios in the sub-bituminous coal region. This study affirms the feasibility of converting GS biomass into a renewable fuel resembling low-rank coal.
{"title":"Bio-coal Synthesis via Hydrothermal Carbonization of Giant Salvinia for a High-Quality Solid Biofuel","authors":"Piyanut Phuthongkhao, Rattabal Khunphonoi, Pongtanawat Khemthong, Totsaporn Suwannaruang, Kitirote Wantala","doi":"10.1007/s12155-024-10766-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-024-10766-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p>The rapid proliferation of giant Salvinia (GS; <i>Salvinia molesta</i>) in various hydrostatic environments, such as ponds and paddy fields, poses a threat to water quality due to light obstruction. Thus, this study aimed to transform GS biomass into hydrochar or solid biofuel via hydrothermal carbonization (HTC). Several parameters were examined, including residence time, reaction temperature, and liquid-to-solid mass ratio (<i>L</i>/<i>S</i>). The Box-Behnken Design (BBD) was also employed to set the experimental conditions at three levels and factors. The examinations of reaction temperature (200–220 °C), residence time (2–6 h), and <i>L</i>/<i>S</i> ratio (12–20) were conducted. The physical and chemical characteristics of hydrochar were further analyzed to encompass higher heating value (HHV), proximate analysis, ultimate analysis, functional group, and morphology. The percent energy recovery (ER, %) was remarked for the experimental design response. The kinetic analysis and a comprehensive combustibility index, calculated from TGA/DTG curves, were employed to elucidate the combustion behavior of hydrochar. The optimal condition for hydrochar production, resulting in maximal ER, was identified at 220 °C, 6 h, with an <i>L</i>/<i>S</i> ratio of 16. The corresponding fixed carbon (FC), HHV, and mass yield were approximately 17.2%, 23.5 MJ/kg, and 51.4%, respectively. The <i>H</i>/<i>C</i> and <i>O</i>/<i>C</i> mole ratios in the sub-bituminous coal region. This study affirms the feasibility of converting GS biomass into a renewable fuel resembling low-rank coal.</p>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140931555","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-13DOI: 10.1007/s12155-024-10768-x
Charitha Basnayaka, Maheshi Somasiri, Ahmed Ahsan, Zumaira Nazeer, Nirath Thilini, Sampath Bandara, Eustace Y. Fernando
Marine photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (mpMFCs) can utilize marine photosynthetic microorganisms to drive electrical energy-generating electrochemical reactions. Due to improved ionic mobility and superior electrical conductivity of seawater, it is a suitable electrolyte for operating bio-electrochemical devices at operating elevated salinities. This study examined the use of seawater as a conducting medium in two-chambered MFCs to enhance power production in conjunction with a marine photosynthetic biocathode as an alternative to the abiotic chemical cathode. Using a modified BG11 seawater medium as catholyte, marine cyanobacteria were grown and maintained in the MFC cathode compartment. After a significant quantity of biomass had formed, it was harvested for use as the substrate for anode microorganisms. Isolated marine cyanobacteria from photosynthetic biocathode were identified using 16 s rRNA and Sanger DNA sequencing. In electrochemical characterization, mMFC, maximum power density (Pmax) was 147.84 mWm−2 and maximum current density (Jmax) reached 1311.82 mAm−2. In mpMFC, Pmax was 104.48 mWm−2 and Jmax was 1107.27 mAm−2. Pmax was 53.14 mWm−2 and Jmax was 501.81 mAm−2 in comparable freshwater MFC employing platinum catalyst, which proves that mMFC and mpMFC worked better. Dapis pleousa and Synechococcus moorigangaii were identified as dominant marine cyanobacteria. It was demonstrated that mpMFC, operated using seawater and employing a cyanobacteria biocathode, is suitable for circularized renewable energy production. The outcomes of this study imply that mpMFCs are good candidates for circular renewable energy production.
{"title":"Marine Photosynthetic Microbial Fuel Cell for Circular Renewable Power Production","authors":"Charitha Basnayaka, Maheshi Somasiri, Ahmed Ahsan, Zumaira Nazeer, Nirath Thilini, Sampath Bandara, Eustace Y. Fernando","doi":"10.1007/s12155-024-10768-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-024-10768-x","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Marine photosynthetic microbial fuel cells (mpMFCs) can utilize marine photosynthetic microorganisms to drive electrical energy-generating electrochemical reactions. Due to improved ionic mobility and superior electrical conductivity of seawater, it is a suitable electrolyte for operating bio-electrochemical devices at operating elevated salinities. This study examined the use of seawater as a conducting medium in two-chambered MFCs to enhance power production in conjunction with a marine photosynthetic biocathode as an alternative to the abiotic chemical cathode. Using a modified BG11 seawater medium as catholyte, marine cyanobacteria were grown and maintained in the MFC cathode compartment. After a significant quantity of biomass had formed, it was harvested for use as the substrate for anode microorganisms. Isolated marine cyanobacteria from photosynthetic biocathode were identified using 16 s rRNA and Sanger DNA sequencing. In electrochemical characterization, mMFC, maximum power density (<i>P</i><sub>max</sub>) was 147.84 mWm<sup>−2</sup> and maximum current density (<i>J</i><sub>max</sub>) reached 1311.82 mAm<sup>−2</sup>. In mpMFC, <i>P</i><sub>max</sub> was 104.48 mWm<sup>−2</sup> and <i>J</i><sub>max</sub> was 1107.27 mAm<sup>−2</sup>. <i>P</i><sub>max</sub> was 53.14 mWm<sup>−2</sup> and <i>J</i><sub>max</sub> was 501.81 mAm<sup>−2</sup> in comparable freshwater MFC employing platinum catalyst, which proves that mMFC and mpMFC worked better. <i>Dapis pleousa</i> and <i>Synechococcus moorigangaii</i> were identified as dominant marine cyanobacteria. It was demonstrated that mpMFC, operated using seawater and employing a cyanobacteria biocathode, is suitable for circularized renewable energy production. The outcomes of this study imply that mpMFCs are good candidates for circular renewable energy production.</p>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140941703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.1007/s12155-024-10767-y
Irene Mas Martin, Alvina Aui, Pallavi Dubey, Lisa A. Schulte, Mark Mba Wright
Global energy consumption is increasing, and there is a growing demand for renewable energy systems that replace fossil fuels with clean alternatives. Low-cost organic material, including organic wastes, can produce clean energy while reducing environmental soil, water, and air emissions. Anaerobic digesters (AD) can convert multiple streams of organic materials to renewable natural gas (RNG) and electricity, but they require optimal operation to minimize costs. This study employs a dynamic mixed-integer linear programming model (MILP) to optimize the collection, allocation, conversion, and dispatch of energy resources. The model optimizes the location of AD facilities producing RNG and power from combined streams that include agricultural biomass, manure, and municipal solid waste. It also optimizes the hourly dispatch of RNG and electricity based on urban residential, industrial, and commercial energy demand. The analysis shows that AD systems could generate RNG with a levelized cost of $0.011/kWh, electricity at a levelized cost of $0.025 to $0.039/kWh, and fertilizer at a cost ranging from $0.035 to $0.055/kWh. Scenario analysis indicates that RNG production is a viable alternative to renewable electricity. These cost estimates vary by location. Larger municipalities could lower costs by leveraging economies-of-scale to reduce capital costs and infrastructure optimizations to minimize waste. Furthermore, optimized AD systems could provide dispatchable heat and power to alleviate energy demand spikes in constrained municipalities. Future studies could evaluate the feasibility of these use cases.
{"title":"Optimal Production and Dispatch of Renewable Natural Gas, Electricity, and Fertilizer in Municipal-Scale Anaerobic Digestion Supply Chains","authors":"Irene Mas Martin, Alvina Aui, Pallavi Dubey, Lisa A. Schulte, Mark Mba Wright","doi":"10.1007/s12155-024-10767-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-024-10767-y","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Global energy consumption is increasing, and there is a growing demand for renewable energy systems that replace fossil fuels with clean alternatives. Low-cost organic material, including organic wastes, can produce clean energy while reducing environmental soil, water, and air emissions. Anaerobic digesters (AD) can convert multiple streams of organic materials to renewable natural gas (RNG) and electricity, but they require optimal operation to minimize costs. This study employs a dynamic mixed-integer linear programming model (MILP) to optimize the collection, allocation, conversion, and dispatch of energy resources. The model optimizes the location of AD facilities producing RNG and power from combined streams that include agricultural biomass, manure, and municipal solid waste. It also optimizes the hourly dispatch of RNG and electricity based on urban residential, industrial, and commercial energy demand. The analysis shows that AD systems could generate RNG with a levelized cost of $0.011/kWh, electricity at a levelized cost of $0.025 to $0.039/kWh, and fertilizer at a cost ranging from $0.035 to $0.055/kWh. Scenario analysis indicates that RNG production is a viable alternative to renewable electricity. These cost estimates vary by location. Larger municipalities could lower costs by leveraging economies-of-scale to reduce capital costs and infrastructure optimizations to minimize waste. Furthermore, optimized AD systems could provide dispatchable heat and power to alleviate energy demand spikes in constrained municipalities. Future studies could evaluate the feasibility of these use cases.</p>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140931334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-09DOI: 10.1007/s12155-024-10763-2
Patrícia Joana Piedade, Veshal Venkat, Khaled W. A. Al-Shwafy, Mearg A. Aregawi, Gabriela Dudek, Mateusz Zygadło, Rafal Marcin Lukasik
Pretreatment is one of the bottlenecks in the cost and energy-efficient biomass valorization. Deep eutectic solvents are potential candidates for being used to address these challenges. In this work, the deep eutectic solvent composed of choline chloride, and acetic acid was studied for its use in wheat straw fractionation. The pretreated biomass was assessed concerning the lignin and glucan content. Under optimized time and temperature conditions, defined using Doehlert matrix chemometric tool, of 3 h 47 min and 139.6 °C, the processed wheat straw contained as much as 42.5 ± 0.42 wt.% and 38.59 ± 1.26 wt.% of glucan and lignin contents, respectively. The need for biomass washing after the pretreatment with deep eutectic solvents and before the enzymatic hydrolysis step was also evaluated. The obtained enzymatic hydrolysis results, i.e., glucan to glucose yield of 27.13 ± 0.25 vs. 25.73 ± 0.08 for washed or unwashed biomass correspondingly, are equally good substrates. Fractal kinetic analysis of the data showed similar values of k and h for both glucose and xylose reactions between washed and unwashed biomass. This confirmed that biomass washing is an unnecessary step, which in turn opens room for biomass processing intensification.
预处理是成本和能效生物质资源化的瓶颈之一。深共晶溶剂是应对这些挑战的潜在候选物质。在这项工作中,研究了氯化胆碱和乙酸组成的深共晶溶剂在小麦秸秆分馏中的应用。对预处理后的生物质进行了木质素和葡聚糖含量评估。在使用 Doehlert 矩阵化学计量学工具确定的 3 小时 47 分钟和 139.6 °C 的优化时间和温度条件下,处理后的小麦秸秆的葡聚糖和木质素含量分别为 42.5 ± 0.42 重量百分比和 38.59 ± 1.26 重量百分比。此外,还评估了在使用深共晶溶剂进行预处理之后和酶水解步骤之前对生物质进行清洗的必要性。所获得的酶水解结果,即清洗或未清洗生物质的葡聚糖转化为葡萄糖的产率分别为 27.13 ± 0.25 和 25.73 ± 0.08,都是同样好的底物。数据的分形动力学分析表明,洗过和未洗过的生物质在葡萄糖和木糖反应中的 k 值和 h 值相似。这证实了生物质清洗是一个不必要的步骤,从而为生物质加工强化开辟了空间。
{"title":"Comprehensive Wheat Straw Processing with Deep Eutectic Solvent to Deliver Reducing Sugar","authors":"Patrícia Joana Piedade, Veshal Venkat, Khaled W. A. Al-Shwafy, Mearg A. Aregawi, Gabriela Dudek, Mateusz Zygadło, Rafal Marcin Lukasik","doi":"10.1007/s12155-024-10763-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s12155-024-10763-2","url":null,"abstract":"<p>Pretreatment is one of the bottlenecks in the cost and energy-efficient biomass valorization. Deep eutectic solvents are potential candidates for being used to address these challenges. In this work, the deep eutectic solvent composed of choline chloride, and acetic acid was studied for its use in wheat straw fractionation. The pretreated biomass was assessed concerning the lignin and glucan content. Under optimized time and temperature conditions, defined using Doehlert matrix chemometric tool, of 3 h 47 min and 139.6 °C, the processed wheat straw contained as much as 42.5 ± 0.42 wt.% and 38.59 ± 1.26 wt.% of glucan and lignin contents, respectively. The need for biomass washing after the pretreatment with deep eutectic solvents and before the enzymatic hydrolysis step was also evaluated. The obtained enzymatic hydrolysis results, i.e., glucan to glucose yield of 27.13 ± 0.25 vs. 25.73 ± 0.08 for washed or unwashed biomass correspondingly, are equally good substrates. Fractal kinetic analysis of the data showed similar values of <i>k</i> and <i>h</i> for both glucose and xylose reactions between washed and unwashed biomass. This confirmed that biomass washing is an unnecessary step, which in turn opens room for biomass processing intensification.</p>","PeriodicalId":487,"journal":{"name":"BioEnergy Research","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-05-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140931628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study investigates the correlation between both the chemical compositions and physicochemical properties of pretreated oil palm empty fruit bunch (OPEFB) fibre and their enzymatic saccharification/total glucose yield (TGY). Twenty OPEFB samples, pretreated with various aqueous pretreatments, with diverse cellulose (25.63–44.23%), hemicellulose (0.01–42.49%), and lignin (3.7–47.1%) levels, were examined for their correlation with TGY (8.5–40%). The quadratic regression model was verified significant (p-value = 0.0006, R2 = 0.8006). It was found that the pre-refined OPEFB experienced greater cellulose loss (35%) compared to unrefined ones (9%), adversely affecting TGY. Among physicochemical properties analysed using SEM, FTIR, XRD, Py-GCMS, and XPS, only crystallinity index (CrI) was significantly correlated with TGY based on theoretical glucose concentration (TGC) (R2 = 0.77, 0.91). Other characteristics (morphology, functional groups, crystallite size, S/G ratio, and O/C ratio) exhibited no significant correlation to saccharification efficiency, exhibiting random trends (R2 < 0.5). OPEFB fibres with CrI of 30–40 could achieve 100% TGY based on TGC. In conclusion, regardless of pretreatments, chemical compositions predominantly affected TGY in the enzymatic saccharification of biomass. Among commonly used physicochemical analytical methods, CrI is most significant in this evaluation and OPEFB should be unrefined before treatment to avoid cellulose loss.