Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families最新文献

Purpose: Because autistic children may face difficulties living independently, considering their caregivers' quality of life (QoL) is crucial. However, few studies have examined the pathways through which the severity of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affects caregivers. Based on the stress process model, this study examined a hypothesized model of how ASD severity affects caregivers' QoL, both directly and indirectly, through coping strategies, family functioning, and perceived social support.

Design and methods: This cross-sectional study included 392 caregivers of autistic children in Saudi Arabia. Structured interviews were conducted between April and July 2023. The data were collected from caregivers who visited the developmental and behavioral disorders clinic, daycare centers, and schools. Descriptive and correlational analyses were conducted to describe the study variables and their association with caregivers' QoL. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothesized model.

Results: The results showed that the hypothesized model fit the data. Maladaptive coping strategies (β = -0.039, P < 0.05), family functioning (β = -0.110, P < 0.05), and perceived social support (β = -0.182, P < 0.05) partially mediated the association between ASD severity and caregivers' QoL.

Conclusion and implications: Our findings underscore the importance of tailoring interventions that focus on QoL for caregivers of autistic children, encouraging adaptive coping strategies, improving family functioning, and enhancing perceptions of social support.

Objective: This study aims to reveal the general, social, and intellectual structure of breastfeeding studies published in the field of nursing between 2014 and 2023 by using the bibliometric method.

Methods: A total of 2304 articles published in the last ten years were reached by searching the Web of Science database using the keywords "breastfeeding" and "breast feeding." Study data were analyzed on the open source R Studio software and the "biblioshiny for bibliometrix" package, an R software tool. Descriptive, cluster, and network analyses were performed.

Results: Of the articles, 10.46 % were single-author studies, the mean collaboration index was three, and the author footprint index was 0.22. The most cited article in the intellectual field had been published by Henshaw et al. in 2014. The word tree mapping yielded four basic concepts as a result of the evaluation of the word frequencies. The theme analysis indicated that advanced hotspots and the main topics discussed by the authors mainly included breastfeeding, lactation, breastfeeding support, and exclusive breastfeeding. The United States was the country with the highest number of publications and was effective in collaboration.

Conclusions: Breastfeeding studies in the field of nursing conducted in the last decade maintain their importance in the field.

Practical implications: Breastfeeding continues to be important in the field of nursing as well as maternal and infant health. The results of the study are expected to guide researchers, policy makers and program managers interested in the subject.

Background: Adolescence is the period of human development between childhood and adulthood. Parent-child interaction differs qualitatively in different developmental periods, the development of separate scales sensitive to different age periods regarding parental attitudes is one of the most important issues in this field.

Aim: This study aimed to adapt the Parenting Scale for Adolescents to Turkish culture and to evaluate the psychometric properties of the scale.

Design and method: This study was designed as a methodological, descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study was conducted in a province in the western region of Türkiye with 104 parents whose healthy children were not receiving any psychiatric treatment. A Sociodemographic Data Form and the Parenting Scale for Adolescents were used to obtain the data.

Results: The fit index of the scale was above 0.80 in terms of both I-CVI (Item Content Validity) and S-CVI (Scale Content Validity). The results of the content validity analysis showed that the scale provided both content and language validity for the Turkish sample, as well as measuring the subject matter as adequately as its original version.

Conclusion: According to the results of this study, the Parenting Scale for Adolescents is a valid and reliable tool in Turkish culture.

Practice implications: The Parenting Scale for Adolescents is an effective measurement tool for predicting and preventing adolescent problems, determining parental behaviors when problems occur, and evaluating treatment outcomes.

Purpose: This study aimed to examine the effect of caregiving burden on the mental well-being of parents of children with cleft lip/palate, with life satisfaction as a mediator.

Design and methods: This descriptive, cross-sectional study was conducted with a sample of 347 parents of children with cleft lip/palate. Data were collected through face-to-face interviews with the parents between March 18 and September 4, 2023. The data collection tools included a sociodemographic data form, the Zarit Burden Interview, the Warwick-Edinburgh Mental Well-Being Scale, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale.

Results: It was found that parents with a higher caregiving burden had lower levels of life satisfaction. Additionally, parents with higher life satisfaction reported better mental well-being. The findings indicated that as the caregiving burden increased, the mental well-being of the parents decreased. The results suggest that life satisfaction mitigates the negative impact of caregiving burden on mental well-being.

Conclusion: These findings suggest that life satisfaction plays a significant mediating role in maintaining and supporting parents' mental health. Parents with higher life satisfaction appear to cope better with the challenges posed by caregiving burden, which in turn helps them maintain better mental well-being.

Practice implications: The findings show that as the caregiving burden increases, both life satisfaction and mental well-being decrease. Therefore, it is crucial to develop practical interventions to support these parents.

Purpose: Vaccination is an invasive procedure that causes pain. Uncontrolled pain negatively affects all aspects of life, including health. This study aimed to determine the effects of the Helfer skin tap technique and Buzzy® application on the levels of pain and fear experienced by 4-year-old children during measles-mumps-rubella (MMR) vaccination.

Methods: This study adopted a randomized controlled experimental design. The study sample consisted of 96 children (Helfer skin tap technique group: n = 32, Buzzy® group: n = 32, control group: n = 32) who received MMR vaccination. Children in the Buzzy® and Helfer skin tap technique groups received their respective interventions before and after vaccine injection, while children in the control group received routine vaccine injection.

Results: Based on the parents' and nurse's observations, the pain and fear scores after vaccine injection were lowest in the Buzzy® group and highest in the control group. Based on the children's assessments, the pain scores after vaccine injection were lower in the Buzzy® group than in the Helfer skin tap technique group.

Conclusion: Buzzy® application and the Helfer skin tap technique have beneficial effects on children's pain and fear during MMR vaccination. Buzzy® application is more effective in reducing pain and fear during vaccine injection in children than the Helfer skin tap technique.

Practice implications: Nurses can increase the comfort of children by reducing pain during vaccination using Buzzy®.

Purpose: This study aimed to evaluate the effect of Stop Pediatric Pressure Injury (SPPI) Short Intervention training sessions given to pediatric intensive care nurses on their level of knowledge and on pediatric pressure injuries.

Method: The study, conducted with a randomized controlled trial design, included 55 pediatric intensive care nurses (experimental group = 27, control group = 28). The nurses in the experimental group received the SPPI Short Intervention training. Data were collected using the Nurse Data Collection Form, the SPPI Short Intervention Evaluation Form, and the Pediatric Pressure Injury Assessment Form. The data obtained were evaluated using chi-squared test, the dependent and independent samples t-test, the Mann-Whitney U test, and the two-way repeated measures ANOVA.

Results: The SPPI Short Intervention training led to a significant increase in the pediatric pressure injury knowledge levels of the experimental group (p < .01). In patients cared for by the experimental group, the prevalence of injuries decreased by 50 %, and the number of severe injury stages also decreased. The Braden Q and PUSH scores of the patients cared for by both the experimental and control groups decreased significantly (p < .05).

Conclusion: The SPPI Short Intervention training was found to be effective in increasing the level of pediatric intensive care unit nurses' knowledge of pediatric pressure injury. Providing pediatric nurses with training that includes the stop pediatric pressure injury training is recommended as an effective approach to prevent and manage pediatric pressure injury.

Practical implications: Pediatric intensive care unit nurses should be trained to become competent in dealing with pediatric pressure injury.

Problem: In healthcare facilities, restraint may be used on children to perform treatments or procedures. Restraint can be harmful, and little is known about how to prevent the use of restraint during medical procedures. A scoping review was conducted to find and map knowledge about (1) the use and prevention of restraint and (2) approaches, such as interventions and guidelines, available to prevent the use of restraint.

Eligibility criteria: This review was conducted following Arksey and O'Malley's framework, the JBI framework for scoping reviews, and the PRISMA-ScR (Protocol registration number GN5R3). Medline, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Epistemonikos, CINAHL, Cochrane Library were searched sept 2023. The search encompassed texts about children 1-18 years of age undergoing procedures conducted in non-psychiatric health care facilities.

Sample: The sample size was 2943 texts, and 288 texts met the inclusion criteria, of which 188 were considered research.

Results: Non-research texts consisted of reviews, demonstrations, opinions, and guidelines. The research lacked definitions of restraint though they described observations and attitudes toward restraint. Eight studies reported children's experiences. No evidence of how to prevent restraint was found, only reduction. Eleven guidelines were identified.

Conclusions: Few approaches have addressed how to reduce and prevent the use of restraints. Lack of a clear and united understanding and definition of restraint hinders the development of effective trials and guidelines.

Implications: Going forward, it is important to develop and explore approaches that build upon existing knowledge concerning restraint and positive procedural practice, including healthcare personnels competence, attitudes, and resources.

Background: Parents of technology-dependent children constitute a different population in society and face diverse problems during caregiving.

Methods: This study aimed to identify and visualize studies conducted from 1990 to 2024 on technology-dependent children, home care, and parental discharge education and determine global trends. A descriptive and bibliometric study design was employed. Data were obtained from the Web of Science Core Collection database, and bibliometric analyses were performed with performance analysis, visualization, and mapping using the Biblioshiny interface in the R software. Screening yielded a total of 157 publications. A total of 138 publications were included.

Findings: The keywords frequently used by the authors included "home care," "technology-dependent children," "palliative care," "home mechanical ventilation," "child," "family," and "pediatric." Co-author keywords with moderate centrality and density are "home mechanical ventilation" (Betw = 106.47), "technology-dependent" (Betw = 106.47), "home mechanical ventilation" (Betw = 106.47). Each article had 4.41 co-authorships, with an international co-authorship rate of 6.52 %.

Conclusions: This study provided important data on studies focusing on technology-dependent children, home care, and parental discharge education.

Application to practice: Since the number of studies in the field is small, the findings of this study are essential in guiding researchers about gaps in the literature.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore nurse perceptions of barriers and facilitators to weaning humidified high flow nasal cannula (HHFNC) in Australian paediatric settings.

Design and methods: A qualitative descriptive two phased study was conducted across Australia. Purposeful sampling and snowballing technique were used to recruit nurses with the study advertised widely on social media nursing groups. Phase One data collection was via a survey with open and closed ended questions, and Phase Two via semi-structured interviews. Data were analysed using descriptive statistics (Phase One) and thematic analysis (Phase One and Two) to identify themes and patterns in the narrative.

Results: Phase one: 36(56.25 %) participants identified their workplace had clear guidelines, 57(89.06 %) received education on HHFNC and 34(57.63 %) experienced barriers when weaning. Three themes and nine subthemes were identified i) variable clinical process for weaning HHFNC, ii) knowledge and skills and iii) clinical observation and assessment of the child. Phase two: four themes and nine subthemes were identified, i) 'There doesn't seem to be any pattern': no evidence to guide practice, ii) Nursing and medical led weaning, iii) Knowledge and skills and iv) Family centred approaches to weaning.

Conclusions: Current research on HHFNC does not consider best practice for weaning. This study identified barriers as inconsistency in weaning practice and availability of guidelines and facilitators were a robust education program and confidence in weaning. Multidisciplinary team need to collaborate to determine standardised weaning practice.

Practice implications: Further research is essential to determine best practice weaning methods and inform national/international guidelines.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the health literacy levels of university students and to examine their views and perceptions on this concept.

Method: The research was conducted as a mixed methods research between December 2022 and May 2024. Data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Turkey Health Literacy Scale-32 and Semi-Structured Interview Form. Quantitative data collection phase of the study was conducted with 315 students and qualitative data collection phase was conducted with 9 students with inadequate and excellent health literacy levels.

Results: The average age of the participating university students was 20.37 ± 2.996. Their health literacy levels were: inadequate 7.3 %, problematic/limited 29.8 %, adequate 39.7 %, and excellent 23.2 %. Students with excellent health literacy are hindered by 'information pollution' but benefit from 'desire to research,' 'easy access to resources,' 'role models,' and 'curiosity.' Those with inadequate health literacy are adversely affected by 'information pollution,' 'inadequate awareness,' 'rising costs,' and 'high criticism skills,' while 'desire to research,' 'role models,' and 'consciousness' positively impact their literacy. Students believe improving health literacy involves 'scientific activities,' 'preventing information pollution,' 'creating awareness,' 'being researchers,' and 'fostering curiosity'.

Conclusion: There are many factors that positively and negatively affect the level of health literacy in university students. It is recommended to make institutional and policy-level arrangements to increase the level of knowledge, awareness and motivation regarding health literacy.

Practice implications: The health literacy levels of university students, who will constitute the future generations of the country, need to be improved. To improve health literacy, nurses can recommend that university students increase their awareness.