Pub Date : 2026-01-20DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.015
Mükerrem Kabataş Yıldız PhD , Oya Sevcan Orak PhD
Purpose
This study examines the perceptions of children aged 9 to 12 regarding older adults and the aging process through drawing analysis.
Materials and method
This qualitative study employed an art-based narrative approach for data collection, integrating drawings and interviews. Data were analyzed projectively. The study was conducted with 25 children aged 9 to 12 living in a northern province of Türkiye, each of whom had at least one older adult in the family and who volunteered to participate. Data were collected using the “Child Descriptive Information Form,” the “Draw a Picture of an Elderly Person” activity, and a “Semi-Structured Interview Form.”
Results
Projective analysis of children's drawings and interviews revealed four main themes: “Traces of Time on the Body: Visual Representations of Aging,” “The Need for Psychosocial Support: Family-Centered Social Transformation,” “After Their Departure: A Period of Confronting the Reality of Death,” and “The Warm Face of Compassion.”
Conclusion
While children's perceptions of older adults were generally positive, their views on the aging period were predominantly negative. Children described older individuals as compassionate, wise, and lovable, but also associated aging with loneliness, illness, disability, experiences and fears of death, suffering, and fear of loss.
{"title":"“My image of the elderly …”: an analysis of elderly representations in children's drawings","authors":"Mükerrem Kabataş Yıldız PhD , Oya Sevcan Orak PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.015","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.015","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study examines the perceptions of children aged 9 to 12 regarding older adults and the aging process through drawing analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Materials and method</h3><div>This qualitative study employed an art-based narrative approach for data collection, integrating drawings and interviews. Data were analyzed projectively. The study was conducted with 25 children aged 9 to 12 living in a northern province of Türkiye, each of whom had at least one older adult in the family and who volunteered to participate. Data were collected using the “Child Descriptive Information Form,” the “Draw a Picture of an Elderly Person” activity, and a “Semi-Structured Interview Form.”</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Projective analysis of children's drawings and interviews revealed four main themes: “Traces of Time on the Body: Visual Representations of Aging,” “The Need for Psychosocial Support: Family-Centered Social Transformation,” “After Their Departure: A Period of Confronting the Reality of Death,” and “The Warm Face of Compassion.”</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>While children's perceptions of older adults were generally positive, their views on the aging period were predominantly negative. Children described older individuals as compassionate, wise, and lovable, but also associated aging with loneliness, illness, disability, experiences and fears of death, suffering, and fear of loss.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 209-218"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146019046","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-19DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.006
Haiying Xing , Tong Zheng , Yan Ma , Qian Zhang , Yafei Liu , Xiangyu Wang , Mengran Li , Conghui Guo , Shiyu Wang , Xiaoye He , Tingting Li , Xiaoxue Zhang , Xuyang Fan
Purpose
This study aimed to examine the effects of preoperative therapeutic play on alleviating preoperative anxiety in preschool children with congenital heart disease.
Design and methods
This cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted between October 2022 and April 2023. A total of 82 preschool children aged 3–5 years with congenital heart disease were recruited from two pediatric cardiac wards in China. Children in the intervention group (n = 40) received a preoperative therapeutic play intervention, while those in the control group (n = 40) received routine preoperative care. Anxiety was evaluated using the mYPAS-SF before and after the intervention at five assessment points (baseline, T1, T2, T3, and T4). Cooperation during anesthesia induction was assessed at T4 using the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC). Data were analyzed using independent-samples t, chi-squared, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis H tests. A p-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.
Results
The anxiety levels of the children in the intervention and control groups were similar at baseline (p > 0.05). After the intervention, the incidence of anxiety did not differ significantly between the two groups at any of the four assessment points (T1–T4) (p > 0.05). However, the mYPAS-SF scores were significantly higher in the control group than in the intervention group at T4 (p < 0.05). A significant difference was also observed in the ICC scores: the median (P25, P75) was 1 (1,3) in the control group and 0 (0,2) in the intervention group (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
Preoperative therapeutic play reduced anxiety levels in preschool children with congenital heart disease during anesthesia induction and improved their compliance with the procedure.
Practice implications
Bedside nurse-led therapeutic play reduced preoperative anxiety and improved anesthesia compliance in children with CHD. The use of wearable devices offers a practical method for monitoring preoperative heart rate in preschool children.
Registration
chictr.org.cn (ChiCTR2200062267). Registration date: July 31, 2022.
{"title":"The effects of therapeutic play on alleviating preoperative anxiety in preschool children with congenital heart disease: A cluster-randomized controlled trial","authors":"Haiying Xing , Tong Zheng , Yan Ma , Qian Zhang , Yafei Liu , Xiangyu Wang , Mengran Li , Conghui Guo , Shiyu Wang , Xiaoye He , Tingting Li , Xiaoxue Zhang , Xuyang Fan","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.006","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.006","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to examine the effects of preoperative therapeutic play on alleviating preoperative anxiety in preschool children with congenital heart disease.</div></div><div><h3>Design and methods</h3><div>This cluster-randomized controlled trial was conducted between October 2022 and April 2023. A total of 82 preschool children aged 3–5 years with congenital heart disease were recruited from two pediatric cardiac wards in China. Children in the intervention group (<em>n</em> = 40) received a preoperative therapeutic play intervention, while those in the control group (<em>n</em> = 40) received routine preoperative care. Anxiety was evaluated using the mYPAS-SF before and after the intervention at five assessment points (baseline, T1, T2, T3, and T4). Cooperation during anesthesia induction was assessed at T4 using the Induction Compliance Checklist (ICC). Data were analyzed using independent-samples t, chi-squared, Mann–Whitney U, and Kruskal–Wallis H tests. A <em>p</em>-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The anxiety levels of the children in the intervention and control groups were similar at baseline (<em>p</em> > 0.05). After the intervention, the incidence of anxiety did not differ significantly between the two groups at any of the four assessment points (T1–T4) (<em>p</em> > 0.05). However, the mYPAS-SF scores were significantly higher in the control group than in the intervention group at T4 (<em>p</em> < 0.05). A significant difference was also observed in the ICC scores: the median (P<sub>25</sub>, P<sub>75</sub>) was 1 (1,3) in the control group and 0 (0,2) in the intervention group (<em>p</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Preoperative therapeutic play reduced anxiety levels in preschool children with congenital heart disease during anesthesia induction and improved their compliance with the procedure.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>Bedside nurse-led therapeutic play reduced preoperative anxiety and improved anesthesia compliance in children with CHD. The use of wearable devices offers a practical method for monitoring preoperative heart rate in preschool children.</div></div><div><h3>Registration</h3><div><span><span>chictr.org.cn</span><svg><path></path></svg></span> (ChiCTR2200062267). Registration date: July 31, 2022.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 201-208"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"146013014","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.012
Nebahat Bora Güneş , Melike Taşdelen Baş , Semra Çetinkaya , Nurdan Yıldırım
Background and aim
Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a common chronic condition in childhood and requires appropriate education and self-management skills. Structured education is key to improving glycemic stability and empowering adolescents. The Personalized System of Instruction (PSI), though effective in other fields, is underused in diabetes education. This study evaluated the impact of PSI-based structured ongoing education program among adolescents living with T1DM and with glycemic instability.
Methods
A randomized controlled trial with a pre-test/post-test comparison group design was conducted. Participants were adolescents aged 12–18 years with glycemic instability (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥7%) and at least one weekly hypo‐hyperglycemic episode. Stratified randomization ensured group balance. The study included 60 adolescents with T1DM, evenly split between intervention and control groups. Validated instruments were used to assess cognitive knowledge, self-efficacy, glycemic episode frequency, and HbA1c levels. The intervention group received structured education based on the PSI model, while the comparison group received standard diabetes education.
Results
The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements than the comparison group in all outcomes. From the 3rd month, cognitive knowledge and self-efficacy increased, while HbA1c levels and glycemic episode frequency declined. Group-time interaction was significant, with sustained improvement in the PSI group up to 6 months. η2 values indicated moderate to large effect sizes.
Conclusion
The PSI model is an effective strategy to enhance diabetes self-management and glycemic stability in adolescents with T1DM. Its structured, learner-centered design offers a promising alternative to traditional education methods in this population.
Implications to practice
The findings suggest that the PSI framework can be effectively integrated into pediatric nursing practice to support individualized, learner-centered diabetes self-management education for adolescents with T1DM, enhance skill acquisition and self-efficacy, and facilitate ongoing educational support within both in-person and digital care settings.
{"title":"Management of Type 1 diabetes in adolescents: Effectiveness of the remote personalized system of instruction model","authors":"Nebahat Bora Güneş , Melike Taşdelen Baş , Semra Çetinkaya , Nurdan Yıldırım","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.012","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.012","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background and aim</h3><div>Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus (T1DM) is a common chronic condition in childhood and requires appropriate education and self-management skills. Structured education is key to improving glycemic stability and empowering adolescents. The Personalized System of Instruction (PSI), though effective in other fields, is underused in diabetes education. This study evaluated the impact of PSI-based structured ongoing education program among adolescents living with T1DM and with glycemic instability.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A randomized controlled trial with a pre-test/post-test comparison group design was conducted. Participants were adolescents aged 12–18 years with glycemic instability (glycated hemoglobin [HbA1c] ≥7%) and at least one weekly hypo‐hyperglycemic episode. Stratified randomization ensured group balance. The study included 60 adolescents with T1DM, evenly split between intervention and control groups. Validated instruments were used to assess cognitive knowledge, self-efficacy, glycemic episode frequency, and HbA1c levels. The intervention group received structured education based on the PSI model, while the comparison group received standard diabetes education.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intervention group showed significantly greater improvements than the comparison group in all outcomes. From the 3rd month, cognitive knowledge and self-efficacy increased, while HbA1c levels and glycemic episode frequency declined. Group-time interaction was significant, with sustained improvement in the PSI group up to 6 months. η<sup>2</sup> values indicated moderate to large effect sizes.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The PSI model is an effective strategy to enhance diabetes self-management and glycemic stability in adolescents with T1DM. Its structured, learner-centered design offers a promising alternative to traditional education methods in this population.</div></div><div><h3>Implications to practice</h3><div>The findings suggest that the PSI framework can be effectively integrated into pediatric nursing practice to support individualized, learner-centered diabetes self-management education for adolescents with T1DM, enhance skill acquisition and self-efficacy, and facilitate ongoing educational support within both in-person and digital care settings.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 181-189"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979323","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.011
Çiğdem Gök , Pelin Karataş
Background
Distraction cards, colorful pictures, and puzzles are age-appropriate visual and cognitive content that can be used to divert a child's attention away from painful stimuli.
Objective
This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction cards in managing pain and anxiety during invasive medical procedures in children aged 3 to 18 years.
Methods
Fifteen randomized controlled trials published between 2010 and 2025 were included. Articles were identified using specific keywords in the CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Eric, EBSCO, and OVID databases. The study followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Data were synthesized using a random-effects model to calculate Standardized Mean Differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals, assessing heterogeneity via the I2 statistic.
Results
Pooled results demonstrated that distraction cards significantly reduced pain levels across all reporters, with large effect sizes observed in children's self-reports (SMD) = −0.90), parent reports (SMD = −1.29), and observer reports (SMD = −1.28). Regarding anxiety, while parents (SMD = −0.97) and observers (SMD = −1.15) reported significant reductions, children's self-reported anxiety reduction did not reach statistical significance (p = 0.14). High heterogeneity (I2 > 90%) was observed across the analyses.
Conclusion
Findings support the integration of distraction cards into pediatric nursing practice to improve children's experiences during painful procedures, reduce negative emotional responses, and involve parents in care. Distraction cards are a low-cost and easily implementable non-pharmacological method. Their use by pediatric nurses to reduce procedure-related pain is recommended.
{"title":"The Eeffectiveness of distraction cards in reducing pain in children: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials","authors":"Çiğdem Gök , Pelin Karataş","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Distraction cards, colorful pictures, and puzzles are age-appropriate visual and cognitive content that can be used to divert a child's attention away from painful stimuli.</div></div><div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of distraction cards in managing pain and anxiety during invasive medical procedures in children aged 3 to 18 years.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Fifteen randomized controlled trials published between 2010 and 2025 were included. Articles were identified using specific keywords in the CINAHL, Cochrane Central, Web of Science, PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Eric, EBSCO, and OVID databases. The study followed PRISMA 2020 guidelines, and risk of bias was assessed using the Cochrane Collaboration tool. Data were synthesized using a random-effects model to calculate Standardized Mean Differences (SMDs) with 95% confidence intervals, assessing heterogeneity via the I<sup>2</sup> statistic.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Pooled results demonstrated that distraction cards significantly reduced pain levels across all reporters, with large effect sizes observed in children's self-reports (SMD) = −0.90), parent reports (SMD = −1.29), and observer reports (SMD = −1.28). Regarding anxiety, while parents (SMD = −0.97) and observers (SMD = −1.15) reported significant reductions, children's self-reported anxiety reduction did not reach statistical significance (<em>p</em> = 0.14). High heterogeneity (I<sup>2</sup> > 90%) was observed across the analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Findings support the integration of distraction cards into pediatric nursing practice to improve children's experiences during painful procedures, reduce negative emotional responses, and involve parents in care. Distraction cards are a low-cost and easily implementable non-pharmacological method. Their use by pediatric nurses to reduce procedure-related pain is recommended.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 190-200"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145978711","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-16DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.010
Mustafa Belli , Zübeyde Ezgi Erçelik
Aim
To examine the relationship between pediatric nurses' moral resilience and quiet quitting tendencies, and to identify demographic and professional predictors of this behavior.
Background
Quiet quitting—defined as completing only required duties while disengaging from additional responsibilities—has gained attention in nursing due to its potential impact on patient care and workforce sustainability. Pediatric nurses encounter unique ethical and emotional challenges, which can potentially increase their vulnerability to disengagement. Moral resilience, the ability to uphold ethical integrity under stress, is considered a protective factor; however, its role in pediatric nursing remains underexplored.
Methods
A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted between January and May 2025 in Türkiye, following Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Data were collected from 400 pediatric nurses using convenience and snowball sampling, via a Demographic Information Form, the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale, and the Quiet Quitting Scale. Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression were applied.
Results
Moral resilience was moderately and negatively correlated with quiet quitting (r = −0.39, p < 0.001). Demographic factors explained 5.5% of the variance in quiet quitting, while adding moral resilience increased the explained variance to 19.3% (ΔR2 = 0.138, p < 0.001). Moral resilience was the strongest predictor (β = −0.376, p < 0.001).
Conclusions
Higher moral resilience significantly reduces the tendency toward quiet quitting among pediatric nurses. Interventions that strengthen moral resilience through targeted training, ethical climate improvement, and organizational support could enhance nurse engagement and workforce sustainability.
目的探讨儿科护士的道德弹性与安静戒烟倾向之间的关系，并确定这种行为的人口统计学和专业预测因素。安静辞职——被定义为只完成必要的职责，而不承担额外的责任——由于其对患者护理和劳动力可持续性的潜在影响，已经引起了护理界的关注。儿科护士面临着独特的道德和情感挑战，这可能会增加他们脱离工作的脆弱性。道德弹性，即在压力下保持道德操守的能力，被认为是一种保护因素；然而，它在儿科护理中的作用仍未得到充分探讨。方法遵循加强流行病学观察性研究报告（STROBE）指南，于2025年1月至5月在日本进行了一项横断面、描述性、相关性研究。数据通过人口统计信息表、拉什顿道德弹性量表和安静戒烟量表从400名儿科护士中收集。应用Pearson相关和层次线性回归。结果道德恢复力与安静戒烟呈中度负相关（r = - 0.39, p < 0.001）。人口因素解释了安静戒烟的5.5%的方差，而加入道德韧性使解释方差增加到19.3% （ΔR2 = 0.138, p < 0.001）。道德弹性是最强的预测因子（β = - 0.376, p < 0.001）。结论较高的道德弹性显著降低了儿科护士安静戒烟的倾向。通过有针对性的培训、改善道德氛围和组织支持来加强道德韧性的干预措施可以提高护士的参与度和劳动力的可持续性。
{"title":"Moral resilience and quiet quitting tendencies among pediatric nurses: A multiple linear regression study","authors":"Mustafa Belli , Zübeyde Ezgi Erçelik","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>To examine the relationship between pediatric nurses' moral resilience and quiet quitting tendencies, and to identify demographic and professional predictors of this behavior.</div></div><div><h3>Background</h3><div>Quiet quitting—defined as completing only required duties while disengaging from additional responsibilities—has gained attention in nursing due to its potential impact on patient care and workforce sustainability. Pediatric nurses encounter unique ethical and emotional challenges, which can potentially increase their vulnerability to disengagement. Moral resilience, the ability to uphold ethical integrity under stress, is considered a protective factor; however, its role in pediatric nursing remains underexplored.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, descriptive, correlational study was conducted between January and May 2025 in Türkiye, following Strengthening the Reporting of Observational Studies in Epidemiology (STROBE) guidelines. Data were collected from 400 pediatric nurses using convenience and snowball sampling, via a Demographic Information Form, the Rushton Moral Resilience Scale, and the Quiet Quitting Scale. Pearson correlation and hierarchical linear regression were applied.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Moral resilience was moderately and negatively correlated with quiet quitting (<em>r</em> = −0.39, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Demographic factors explained 5.5% of the variance in quiet quitting, while adding moral resilience increased the explained variance to 19.3% (ΔR<sup>2</sup> = 0.138, <em>p</em> < 0.001). Moral resilience was the strongest predictor (β = −0.376, <em>p</em> < 0.001).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Higher moral resilience significantly reduces the tendency toward quiet quitting among pediatric nurses. Interventions that strengthen moral resilience through targeted training, ethical climate improvement, and organizational support could enhance nurse engagement and workforce sustainability.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 154-159"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.002
Eric Peprah Osei , Ernest Owusu Antwi , Emmanuel Ekpor , Gideon Yaw Osei , Amos Asante , Gordon Etornam Dzotrah , Michelle Danny Stampley Boakye
Background
Type 2 diabetes mellitus has emerged as a major public health concern among adolescents; however, existing research has largely emphasized biomedical outcomes, with comparatively limited attention to adolescents' lived experiences, emotional well-being, and coping strategies. This scoping review aimed to synthesize qualitative evidence on adolescents' experiences of living with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Methods
Six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from inception to May 19, 2025, for peer-reviewed qualitative or mixed-methods studies involving adolescents aged 10–19 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Fifteen studies conducted across six countries met the inclusion criteria. The review was guided by the Social Ecological Model and adhered to PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. An inductive thematic analysis of the quotations and narrative descriptions reported within the included studies was conducted following Braun and Clarke's framework to identify patterns related to adolescents' lived experiences.
Findings
Five key themes were identified: (1) initial diagnosis, awareness, and understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) challenges in treatment, self-management, and lifestyle modification; (3) complications and health outcomes; (4) psychosocial and emotional impact; and (5) coping strategies and resilience.
Discussion
These findings underscore the multifaceted challenges adolescents face in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus and the need for supportive, developmentally appropriate approaches to improve their well-being.
背景：2型糖尿病已成为青少年中一个主要的公共卫生问题；然而，现有的研究主要强调生物医学结果，对青少年的生活经历、情绪健康和应对策略的关注相对有限。本综述旨在综合青少年2型糖尿病生活经历的定性证据。方法检索6个电子数据库（PubMed， CINAHL， EMBASE, PsycINFO， Scopus和Web of Science），从成立到2025年5月19日，检索涉及10-19岁青少年2型糖尿病的同行评议定性或混合方法研究。在6个国家进行的15项研究符合纳入标准。该评价以社会生态模型为指导，并遵循PRISMA-ScR（系统评价和荟萃分析扩展范围评价的首选报告项目）指南。根据Braun和Clarke的框架，对纳入研究中的引文和叙事描述进行归纳主题分析，以确定与青少年生活经历相关的模式。研究结果确定了5个关键主题：(1)对2型糖尿病的初步诊断、认识和理解；(2)治疗、自我管理和生活方式改变方面的挑战；(3)并发症和健康结局；(4)社会心理和情感影响；(5)应对策略与弹性。这些发现强调了青少年在管理2型糖尿病方面面临的多方面挑战，以及需要支持性的、适合发展的方法来改善他们的健康。
{"title":"Adolescents' experiences of living with type 2 diabetes mellitus: A scoping review","authors":"Eric Peprah Osei , Ernest Owusu Antwi , Emmanuel Ekpor , Gideon Yaw Osei , Amos Asante , Gordon Etornam Dzotrah , Michelle Danny Stampley Boakye","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.002","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.002","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Type 2 diabetes mellitus has emerged as a major public health concern among adolescents; however, existing research has largely emphasized biomedical outcomes, with comparatively limited attention to adolescents' lived experiences, emotional well-being, and coping strategies. This scoping review aimed to synthesize qualitative evidence on adolescents' experiences of living with type 2 diabetes mellitus.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, Scopus, and Web of Science) were searched from inception to May 19, 2025, for peer-reviewed qualitative or mixed-methods studies involving adolescents aged 10–19 years with type 2 diabetes mellitus. Fifteen studies conducted across six countries met the inclusion criteria. The review was guided by the Social Ecological Model and adhered to PRISMA-ScR (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses extension for Scoping Reviews) guidelines. An inductive thematic analysis of the quotations and narrative descriptions reported within the included studies was conducted following Braun and Clarke's framework to identify patterns related to adolescents' lived experiences.</div></div><div><h3>Findings</h3><div>Five key themes were identified: (1) initial diagnosis, awareness, and understanding of type 2 diabetes mellitus; (2) challenges in treatment, self-management, and lifestyle modification; (3) complications and health outcomes; (4) psychosocial and emotional impact; and (5) coping strategies and resilience.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>These findings underscore the multifaceted challenges adolescents face in managing type 2 diabetes mellitus and the need for supportive, developmentally appropriate approaches to improve their well-being.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 160-172"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979321","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-14DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.013
Gamzegül Altay, Mehtap Metin Karaaslan, İsa Çelik
Aim
This study aimed to determine the effect of WhatsApp-based education on mothers' knowledge, attitude and practices regarding fever management at home.
Method
The study was conducted using a randomized controlled experimental design. It included 64 mothers (32 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group) who met the inclusion criteria. The intervention group received online fever management education via WhatsApp messages. Data were collected using the “Mother and Child Information Form”, “Parent Fever Management Scale”, “Fever Management Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire” and “E-Health Literacy Scale.” Two-way mixed-design ANOVA was used to examine group, time, and group × time interactions.
Results
The intervention group demonstrated significantly higher scores compared to the control group, with the intervention having a large effect on fever management (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.320), fever knowledge, attitude and practice level (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.585), and e-health literacy level (p < 0.001, η2 = 0.215).
Conclusion
Online fever management education delivered via WhatsApp messages is effective in reducing mothers' fever-related care burdens, increasing fever knowledge, attitude and practice levels, and improving e-health literacy levels.
Practice implications
Educational content shared via WhatsApp, a widely used application, is easily accessible. These resources can be used by pediatric nurses in clinics as short and effective educational materials for mothers.
The clinical trial registration number is NCT07061327.
{"title":"The effectiveness of a WhatsApp-based educational intervention aimed at improving mothers' fever management: A randomized controlled trial","authors":"Gamzegül Altay, Mehtap Metin Karaaslan, İsa Çelik","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.013","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.013","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aimed to determine the effect of WhatsApp-based education on mothers' knowledge, attitude and practices regarding fever management at home.</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>The study was conducted using a randomized controlled experimental design. It included 64 mothers (32 in the intervention group and 32 in the control group) who met the inclusion criteria. The intervention group received online fever management education via WhatsApp messages. Data were collected using the “Mother and Child Information Form”, “Parent Fever Management Scale”, “Fever Management Knowledge, Attitude and Practice Questionnaire” and “E-Health Literacy Scale.” Two-way mixed-design ANOVA was used to examine group, time, and group × time interactions.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The intervention group demonstrated significantly higher scores compared to the control group, with the intervention having a large effect on fever management (<em>p</em> < 0.001, η<sup>2</sup> = 0.320), fever knowledge, attitude and practice level (p < 0.001, η<sup>2</sup> = 0.585), and e-health literacy level (p < 0.001, η<sup>2</sup> = 0.215).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Online fever management education delivered via WhatsApp messages is effective in reducing mothers' fever-related care burdens, increasing fever knowledge, attitude and practice levels, and improving e-health literacy levels.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>Educational content shared via WhatsApp, a widely used application, is easily accessible. These resources can be used by pediatric nurses in clinics as short and effective educational materials for mothers.</div><div>The clinical trial registration number is <span><span>NCT07061327</span><svg><path></path></svg></span>.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 146-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979322","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study was conducted to determine the predictive levels of care burden and spiritual well-being of parents of children with special needs in relation to their quality of life.
Methods
This descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study included 210 parents in Türkiye, and data were collected using the Burden Interview, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Short Form. The relationships between scores on the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Burden Interview, and the quality of life sub-dimensions were evaluated using Pearson correlation analyses, and the predictive impact of these scores on the quality of life sub-dimensions was assessed using multiple linear regression analyses.
Results
There was a low-level, significant negative correlation between the Burden Interview and the Quality of Life Scale sub-dimensions. Specifically, the caregiving burden and spiritual well-being levels of parents significantly predicted their quality of life (p < 0.05).
Conclusion
As parents' perceived care burden increased and their spiritual well-being decreased, their quality of life also declined.
Implications for Practices
Interventions aimed at reducing caregivers' perceived burden and enhancing their spiritual well-being may improve the overall quality of life of parents of children with special needs.
{"title":"Effects of perceived care burden and spiritual well-being on the quality of life of parents of children with special needs in Türkiye","authors":"Sinem Basdemir RN, MSc, PhD, Res. Asst., Ilknur Bektas RN, MSc, PhD, Assoc. Prof., Seyda Binay Yaz RN, MSc, PhD, Assoc. Prof.","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.005","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.005","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study was conducted to determine the predictive levels of care burden and spiritual well-being of parents of children with special needs in relation to their quality of life.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This descriptive, correlational, and cross-sectional study included 210 parents in Türkiye, and data were collected using the Burden Interview, the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, and the World Health Organization Quality of Life Short Form. The relationships between scores on the Spiritual Well-Being Scale, the Burden Interview, and the quality of life sub-dimensions were evaluated using Pearson correlation analyses, and the predictive impact of these scores on the quality of life sub-dimensions was assessed using multiple linear regression analyses.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>There was a low-level, significant negative correlation between the Burden Interview and the Quality of Life Scale sub-dimensions. Specifically, the caregiving burden and spiritual well-being levels of parents significantly predicted their quality of life (<em>p</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>As parents' perceived care burden increased and their spiritual well-being decreased, their quality of life also declined.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for Practices</h3><div>Interventions aimed at reducing caregivers' perceived burden and enhancing their spiritual well-being may improve the overall quality of life of parents of children with special needs.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 173-180"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145979324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.12.027
Hatice Dönmez , Tuba Arpaci , Şükrü Nail Güner
Background
The study aimed to examine the predictive effect of having a child with primary immunodeficiency (PID) on the psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being of parents.
Methods
A cross-sectional, correlational, and comparative study was conducted with parents of children with PID (N = 88) and healthy controls (n = 168) in Türkiye from June 2024 to February 2025. Study data were collected through the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale Short Form, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Spiritual Well-being Scale.
Results
The mean general self-efficacy of parents of children with PID was significantly lower than that of parents of healthy controls (p< 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the groups in psychological resilience or spiritual well-being (p> 0.05). There were significant positive relationships among psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being among parents of children with PID (p< 0.05). The disease has no statistically significant effect on spiritual well-being in parents (p > 0.05).
Conclusions
The mean general self-efficacy of parents of children with PID was lower than that of parents of healthy controls. Although no difference in psychological resilience was detected between the groups in the descriptive comparison, the multivariate analysis indicated that having a child with PID is a negative factor affecting parents' resilience. Having a child with PID also had a statistically significant effect on the general self-efficacy of parents.
Practice implications
The findings will guide the planning of family-centred nursing interventions to enhance the psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being of parents of children with PID.
{"title":"Predictive effect of having a child with primary immunodeficiency on resilience, self-efficacy and spiritual well-being of Turkish parents","authors":"Hatice Dönmez , Tuba Arpaci , Şükrü Nail Güner","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.12.027","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.12.027","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>The study aimed to examine the predictive effect of having a child with primary immunodeficiency (PID) on the psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being of parents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional, correlational, and comparative study was conducted with parents of children with PID (<em>N</em> = 88) and healthy controls (<em>n</em> = 168) in Türkiye from June 2024 to February 2025. Study data were collected through the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale Short Form, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, and the Spiritual Well-being Scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The mean general self-efficacy of parents of children with PID was significantly lower than that of parents of healthy controls (<em>p</em> <em><</em> 0.05). However, no significant difference was found between the groups in psychological resilience or spiritual well-being <em>(p</em> <em>></em> 0.05). There were significant positive relationships among psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being among parents of children with PID (<em>p</em> <em><</em> 0.05). The disease has no statistically significant effect on spiritual well-being in parents (<em>p</em> > 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>The mean general self-efficacy of parents of children with PID was lower than that of parents of healthy controls. Although no difference in psychological resilience was detected between the groups in the descriptive comparison, the multivariate analysis indicated that having a child with PID is a negative factor affecting parents' resilience. Having a child with PID also had a statistically significant effect on the general self-efficacy of parents.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>The findings will guide the planning of family-centred nursing interventions to enhance the psychological resilience, general self-efficacy, and spiritual well-being of parents of children with PID.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 112-117"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953439","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-11DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.009
Münevver Erkul , Zeynep Öztürk
Objective
This study explored the lived experiences and coping processes of adolescents diagnosed with Thalassemia Major (TM) to inform the development of patient-centered and individualized care strategies.
Methods
A qualitative phenomenological design was employed. Between April and June 2024, purposive sampling was used to recruit ten adolescents (12–18 years) from the Thalassemia Unit of a public hospital in Antalya, Türkiye. Semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation was achieved. Ethical approval was obtained (TBAEK-199). Sociodemographic data were summarized using SPSS 22.0 as frequencies and percentages. Interview transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. Trustworthiness was ensured through independent double-coding, audit trail maintenance, and member checking.
Results
Six main themes emerged: (1) Acceptance and normalization (integrating illness into daily life; reframing TM as manageable); (2) Impact on schooling (absences due to transfusions or surgeries; academic and emotional strain; facilitative role of teacher support); (3) Peer and societal responses (misinformation, stigma, strategic disclosure, and peer support); (4) Family support and sibling dynamics (parental support enhancing adherence; protective bonds and ambivalence); (5) Treatment adherence and transplant pathway (burden of chronic transfusion and chelation; hope and hesitation regarding hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; donor availability and risk perception); and (6) Psychological processes and coping (anxiety, fear of death, body-image concerns, and active coping strategies such as social support, humor, positive reappraisal, and medication adherence).
Conclusion
Adolescents with TM experience multidimensional challenges affecting their educational, social, psychological, and treatment-related lives. A holistic and developmentally sensitive approach is essential to support long-term adaptation and well-being.
Implications for practice
Healthcare professionals should integrate routine psychosocial screening and counseling into standard care, strengthen family-centered practices to support treatment adherence, and collaborate with schools to promote flexible attendance policies. Awareness initiatives targeting peers and educators may reduce stigma, while structured, age-appropriate counseling can support informed decision-making regarding long-term treatment and transplantation options.
{"title":"Lived experiences of adolescents with thalassemia major: A phenomenological study/ lived experiences in tm adolescents","authors":"Münevver Erkul , Zeynep Öztürk","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.009","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2026.01.009","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>This study explored the lived experiences and coping processes of adolescents diagnosed with Thalassemia Major (TM) to inform the development of patient-centered and individualized care strategies.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A qualitative phenomenological design was employed. Between April and June 2024, purposive sampling was used to recruit ten adolescents (12–18 years) from the Thalassemia Unit of a public hospital in Antalya, Türkiye. Semi-structured interviews were conducted until data saturation was achieved. Ethical approval was obtained (TBAEK-199). Sociodemographic data were summarized using SPSS 22.0 as frequencies and percentages. Interview transcripts were analyzed using Colaizzi's seven-step method. Trustworthiness was ensured through independent double-coding, audit trail maintenance, and member checking.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six main themes emerged: (1) Acceptance and normalization (integrating illness into daily life; reframing TM as manageable); (2) Impact on schooling (absences due to transfusions or surgeries; academic and emotional strain; facilitative role of teacher support); (3) Peer and societal responses (misinformation, stigma, strategic disclosure, and peer support); (4) Family support and sibling dynamics (parental support enhancing adherence; protective bonds and ambivalence); (5) Treatment adherence and transplant pathway (burden of chronic transfusion and chelation; hope and hesitation regarding hematopoietic stem cell transplantation; donor availability and risk perception); and (6) Psychological processes and coping (anxiety, fear of death, body-image concerns, and active coping strategies such as social support, humor, positive reappraisal, and medication adherence).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Adolescents with TM experience multidimensional challenges affecting their educational, social, psychological, and treatment-related lives. A holistic and developmentally sensitive approach is essential to support long-term adaptation and well-being.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for practice</h3><div>Healthcare professionals should integrate routine psychosocial screening and counseling into standard care, strengthen family-centered practices to support treatment adherence, and collaborate with schools to promote flexible attendance policies. Awareness initiatives targeting peers and educators may reduce stigma, while structured, age-appropriate counseling can support informed decision-making regarding long-term treatment and transplantation options.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"87 ","pages":"Pages 118-125"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145953245","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号