Mothers of chronically ill children encounter distinct challenges throughout their child's illness journey.
Purpose
To identify predictive behaviors of anticipatory grief based on participants' perceptions within the cultural context of Iranian society.
Design & method
This qualitative study, part of a larger sequential exploratory project, used a directed content analysis based on Family Vigilance Theory (FVT) to conduct semi-structured interviews with 19 mothers of children with life-threatening illnesses in Shiraz and Tehran, Iran from August to September 2021. Data collection continued until saturation was reached. Data analysis, conducted using MAXQDA, followed the process outlined by Elo and Kyngas: preparation, organizing, and reporting.
Results
The thematic analysis revealed five main categories related to the pre-determined components: emotional upheaval, commitment to care, resilience, dynamic nexus, and transition.
Conclusion
The Family Vigilance Theory explores the meaning, patterns, and daily rhythms of parental caring behaviors for sick children. It provides a valuable framework for understanding the complexities of caregiving. Given the multifaceted nature of anticipatory grief—shaped by cultural habits and beliefs—the Family Vigilance Theory serves as a comprehensive lens for understanding, explaining, interpreting, and potentially predicting this phenomenon.
{"title":"Explaining the concepts of family vigilance theory in the context of anticipatory grief in mothers of children with life-threatening illnesse: A directed qualitative content analysis","authors":"Kazem Najafi , Azam Shirinabadi Farahani , Maryam Rassouli , Hamid Alavi Majd , Motahareh Faramarzpour , Massoumeh Ghasemi","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.049","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.049","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Mothers of chronically ill children encounter distinct challenges throughout their child's illness journey.</div></div><div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>To identify predictive behaviors of anticipatory grief based on participants' perceptions within the cultural context of Iranian society.</div></div><div><h3>Design & method</h3><div>This qualitative study, part of a larger sequential exploratory project, used a directed content analysis based on Family Vigilance Theory (FVT) to conduct semi-structured interviews with 19 mothers of children with life-threatening illnesses in Shiraz and Tehran, Iran from August to September 2021. Data collection continued until saturation was reached. Data analysis, conducted using MAXQDA, followed the process outlined by Elo and Kyngas: preparation, organizing, and reporting.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The thematic analysis revealed five main categories related to the pre-determined components: emotional upheaval, commitment to care, resilience, dynamic nexus, and transition.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Family Vigilance Theory explores the meaning, patterns, and daily rhythms of parental caring behaviors for sick children. It provides a valuable framework for understanding the complexities of caregiving. Given the multifaceted nature of anticipatory grief—shaped by cultural habits and beliefs—the Family Vigilance Theory serves as a comprehensive lens for understanding, explaining, interpreting, and potentially predicting this phenomenon.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 654-663"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145821746","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-03DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.037
H. Wilkinson , M. Hotton , K. Damazer , C. Inness , K. Lakhoo , J. Cordwell
Introduction
Parents experience significant stress when their baby receives a prenatal diagnosis that will require surgical treatment. This study aimed to explore parents' experiences of a neonatal surgical pathway and develop recommendations for support.
Methods
Twenty-four parents completed surveys and nine parents were subsequently interviewed regarding their experiences of the neonatal surgical pathway. Themes were identified using reflexive thematic analysis.
Results
Parents highlighted the importance of preparation, empathetic communication and involvement in their baby's care. Different levels of support that parents would find useful ranged from parent-to-parent mentoring, a space to discuss feelings in medical consultations, ensuring physical health needs were met, and access to embedded psychological support.
Conclusion
The findings show that beyond the immediate stress of having an unwell child, the way in which the wider medical system holds parents in their distress has a major impact on parents' wellbeing.
Implications to practice
Recommendations to improve support are provided at universal, targeted and specialist levels. For example, it is advised that all parents receive preparation throughout different stages of the treatment journey through antenatal counselling, ward tours, and the opportunity to speak to former patients. Efforts should be made to solicit parents' feelings and concerns to enable them to feel heard and cared for. A number of parents may experience heightened levels of distress, for whom access to specialist psychological support may be indicated.
{"title":"Not just the baby: Holding parents in the neonatal surgical journey","authors":"H. Wilkinson , M. Hotton , K. Damazer , C. Inness , K. Lakhoo , J. Cordwell","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.037","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.037","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Parents experience significant stress when their baby receives a prenatal diagnosis that will require surgical treatment. This study aimed to explore parents' experiences of a neonatal surgical pathway and develop recommendations for support.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Twenty-four parents completed surveys and nine parents were subsequently interviewed regarding their experiences of the neonatal surgical pathway. Themes were identified using reflexive thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Parents highlighted the importance of preparation, empathetic communication and involvement in their baby's care. Different levels of support that parents would find useful ranged from parent-to-parent mentoring, a space to discuss feelings in medical consultations, ensuring physical health needs were met, and access to embedded psychological support.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The findings show that beyond the immediate stress of having an unwell child, the way in which the wider medical system holds parents in their distress has a major impact on parents' wellbeing.</div></div><div><h3>Implications to practice</h3><div>Recommendations to improve support are provided at universal, targeted and specialist levels. For example, it is advised that all parents receive preparation throughout different stages of the treatment journey through antenatal counselling, ward tours, and the opportunity to speak to former patients. Efforts should be made to solicit parents' feelings and concerns to enable them to feel heard and cared for. A number of parents may experience heightened levels of distress, for whom access to specialist psychological support may be indicated.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 468-476"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145678996","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-25DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.030
Shujing Wang , Haoran Sun , Ruijie Shan , Fangfang Cheng , Jian Ge , Hong Zhang , Yu Zhang , Yinghong Zhu , Naixue Cui
Background
Screen use has become an integral part of children's daily lives, yet little is known about its patterns and associated factors among pediatric cancer patients undergoing active treatment.
Methods
A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 225 pediatric cancer patients and their parents from three tertiary hospitals in Jinan City between March and June 2023. Parents completed questionnaires on their children's screen use over the six months preceding the survey, covering both home and hospital settings, as well as parental mediation, parental psychological distress, sociodemographic and condition-related information. Children's screen use was described and factors associated with screen time were analyzed using binary logistic regression.
Results
The median daily screen time was 2.57 h (range: 0.14–14.71), with 56.9 % of children exceeding the two-hour guideline. Watching short-form videos was the most common activity. Longer screen time was significantly associated with higher parental psychological distress, children's history of critical conditions, and a lack of parental limits on screen use (P < 0.05).
Conclusions
Screen use is widespread among pediatric cancer patients, with more than half exceeding the two-hour guideline. Parental mediation, parental psychological distress, and children's critical conditions were key factors influencing longer screen use.
Implications for practice
The findings highlight the need for healthcare practitioners to provide educational and psychosocial support to help parents set appropriate screen time boundaries and encourage healthy digital engagement among pediatric cancer patients
{"title":"Screen use in pediatric cancer patients: A hospital-based study","authors":"Shujing Wang , Haoran Sun , Ruijie Shan , Fangfang Cheng , Jian Ge , Hong Zhang , Yu Zhang , Yinghong Zhu , Naixue Cui","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.030","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.030","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Screen use has become an integral part of children's daily lives, yet little is known about its patterns and associated factors among pediatric cancer patients undergoing active treatment.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A cross-sectional survey was conducted among 225 pediatric cancer patients and their parents from three tertiary hospitals in Jinan City between March and June 2023. Parents completed questionnaires on their children's screen use over the six months preceding the survey, covering both home and hospital settings, as well as parental mediation, parental psychological distress, sociodemographic and condition-related information. Children's screen use was described and factors associated with screen time were analyzed using binary logistic regression.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The median daily screen time was 2.57 h (range: 0.14–14.71), with 56.9 % of children exceeding the two-hour guideline. Watching short-form videos was the most common activity. Longer screen time was significantly associated with higher parental psychological distress, children's history of critical conditions, and a lack of parental limits on screen use (<em>P</em> < 0.05).</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Screen use is widespread among pediatric cancer patients, with more than half exceeding the two-hour guideline. Parental mediation, parental psychological distress, and children's critical conditions were key factors influencing longer screen use.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for practice</h3><div>The findings highlight the need for healthcare practitioners to provide educational and psychosocial support to help parents set appropriate screen time boundaries and encourage healthy digital engagement among pediatric cancer patients</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 342-347"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to explore parents' experiences and psychosocial problems related to their preterm infants with congenital heart disease hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit.
Methods
Thirty parents were selected via a convenience sampling method, and in-depth individual interviews were carried out. The data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis.
Results
Five main themes emerged: psychological symptoms, coping strategies, family relationships and social impacts, support and needs, and satisfaction with treatment and care.
Conclusion
Participants experienced not only grief but also traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. They used a range of coping strategies, including problem-focused, emotional, physical, religious, avoidance, and resilience-based approaches. Many reported that their parental identity was shaken, pressured, inadequate, and distanced from their maternal role. These challenges affect marital relationships, sometimes strengthening emotional bonds but also reducing sexual intimacy and disrupting family routines and communication. Parents expressed the need for better bad news delivery, improved nurse communication, access to informational materials, more contact with their baby (photos/videos), extended visitation, and psychosocial and economic support. Despite these difficulties, they reported overall satisfaction with the treatment and care they received.
Implications for practice
The healthcare team should be trained in bad news delivery and communication to better support parents of preterm infants with congenital heart disease. Hospitals should offer informational resources, increase parental involvement, and provide access to photos or videos. Additionally, structured psychosocial and economic support is essential. Despite these challenges, parents reported their satisfaction, highlighting the need for family-centered care integration.
{"title":"Parents' experiences and psychosocial problems related to their preterm infants with congenital heart disease hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit: A descriptive phenomenological study","authors":"Nagihan Sabaz , Emre Ciydem , Sukran Tosun , Semra Gundogdu Unlu , Ayhan Tastekin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.033","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.033","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to explore parents' experiences and psychosocial problems related to their preterm infants with congenital heart disease hospitalized in the neonatal intensive care unit.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Thirty parents were selected via a convenience sampling method, and in-depth individual interviews were carried out. The data were analyzed inductively using thematic analysis.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Five main themes emerged: psychological symptoms, coping strategies, family relationships and social impacts, support and needs, and satisfaction with treatment and care.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>Participants experienced not only grief but also traumatic stress, depression, anxiety, and somatic symptoms. They used a range of coping strategies, including problem-focused, emotional, physical, religious, avoidance, and resilience-based approaches. Many reported that their parental identity was shaken, pressured, inadequate, and distanced from their maternal role. These challenges affect marital relationships, sometimes strengthening emotional bonds but also reducing sexual intimacy and disrupting family routines and communication. Parents expressed the need for better bad news delivery, improved nurse communication, access to informational materials, more contact with their baby (photos/videos), extended visitation, and psychosocial and economic support. Despite these difficulties, they reported overall satisfaction with the treatment and care they received.</div></div><div><h3>Implications for practice</h3><div>The healthcare team should be trained in bad news delivery and communication to better support parents of preterm infants with congenital heart disease. Hospitals should offer informational resources, increase parental involvement, and provide access to photos or videos. Additionally, structured psychosocial and economic support is essential. Despite these challenges, parents reported their satisfaction, highlighting the need for family-centered care integration.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 383-395"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145615141","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-05DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.044
Gülçin Aşut PhD, RN , Eda Gülbetekin
Aim
This study aims to examine the correlation between cyberchondria, problematic internet use, and health anxiety among adolescents
Method
This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 400 students between January 2025 and march 2025. Data were collected using a “Socio-Demographic Data Form”, the “Cyberchondria Severity Scale-Short Form (CSS-12),” the “Problematic Internet Use Scale (PIUS)”, and the “Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI)”
Results
Findings of the study revealed no significant difference between the CSS-12 mean scores and the variables (p > .05). Significant differences were observed between the total and subscale scores of the PIUS and the HAI in terms of daily internet use duration, age, and chronic disease status (p < .05). A weak positive significant correlation was found between the CSS-12 and PIUS (p < .05). Similarly, there was a weak positive significant correlation between the CSS-12 and the HAI, and between the PIUS and the HAI (p < .05)
Conclusion
It was determined that higher levels of cyberchondria among students were associated with increased problematic internet use and health anxiety. Furthermore, higher levels of problematic internet use increased health anxiety. Developing awareness programs for students and implementing measures to filter health-related information on websites may have positive effects
Practice implications
This study provides important implications for paediatric nursing practice. Paediatric nurses can play a key role in educating adolescents and their parents about cyberchondria, problematic internet use, and health anxiety. They can participate in and implement interventions aimed at preventing these behaviours.
{"title":"Examination of the correlation between Cyberchondria, problematic internet use and health anxiety among adolescents","authors":"Gülçin Aşut PhD, RN , Eda Gülbetekin","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.044","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.044","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Aim</h3><div>This study aims to examine the correlation between cyberchondria, problematic internet use, and health anxiety among adolescents</div></div><div><h3>Method</h3><div>This descriptive and correlational study was conducted with 400 students between January 2025 and march 2025. Data were collected using a “Socio-Demographic Data Form”, the “Cyberchondria Severity Scale-Short Form (CSS-12),” the “Problematic Internet Use Scale (PIUS)”, and the “Health Anxiety Inventory (HAI)”</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Findings of the study revealed no significant difference between the CSS-12 mean scores and the variables (<em>p</em> > .05). Significant differences were observed between the total and subscale scores of the PIUS and the HAI in terms of daily internet use duration, age, and chronic disease status (<em>p</em> < .05). A weak positive significant correlation was found between the CSS-12 and PIUS (<em>p</em> < .05). Similarly, there was a weak positive significant correlation between the CSS-12 and the HAI, and between the PIUS and the HAI (p < .05)</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>It was determined that higher levels of cyberchondria among students were associated with increased problematic internet use and health anxiety. Furthermore, higher levels of problematic internet use increased health anxiety. Developing awareness programs for students and implementing measures to filter health-related information on websites may have positive effects</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>This study provides important implications for paediatric nursing practice. Paediatric nurses can play a key role in educating adolescents and their parents about cyberchondria, problematic internet use, and health anxiety. They can participate in and implement interventions aimed at preventing these behaviours.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 510-517"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145684405","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-08DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.047
Şerife Koç PhD , Seçil Duran Yılmaz PhD
Objective
The aim of this study was to adapt the Fear of Earthquake Scale into Turkish and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a Turkish sample of children and adolescents.
Methods
This study was conducted with a methodological and cross-sectional design in a province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey with 500 children and adolescents. Data were obtained using the Descriptive Characteristics Form and the Fear of Earthquake Scale. The Content Validity Index, explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the validity, while Cronbach's alpha coefficients, split-half, item-total score correlation, and test-retest methods were used to assess the reliability of the scale.
Results
The Turkish version of the Fear of Earthquake Scale, comprising a one-factor, seven-item model, demonstrated a good fit similar to the original structure. The factor loadings were above 0.40 and explained 37 % of the total variance. The scale showed good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of 0.80 and a test-retest Intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.88.
Conclusion
The Turkish version of the Fear of Earthquake Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish children and adolescents.
Practice implications
The Fear of Earthquake Scale can be easily used by nurses or other specialists to identify at-risk populations, develop psychosocial intervention programs, and evaluate post-disaster mental health services.
{"title":"Psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Fear of Earthquake Scale for children and adolescents","authors":"Şerife Koç PhD , Seçil Duran Yılmaz PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.047","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.047","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objective</h3><div>The aim of this study was to adapt the Fear of Earthquake Scale into Turkish and to evaluate its psychometric properties in a Turkish sample of children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was conducted with a methodological and cross-sectional design in a province in the Central Anatolia region of Turkey with 500 children and adolescents. Data were obtained using the Descriptive Characteristics Form and the Fear of Earthquake Scale. The Content Validity Index, explanatory and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the validity, while Cronbach's alpha coefficients, split-half, item-total score correlation, and test-retest methods were used to assess the reliability of the scale.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>The Turkish version of the Fear of Earthquake Scale, comprising a one-factor, seven-item model, demonstrated a good fit similar to the original structure. The factor loadings were above 0.40 and explained 37 % of the total variance. The scale showed good internal consistency, with a Cronbach's Alpha Coefficient of 0.80 and a test-retest Intraclass correlation coefficient of 0.88.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Turkish version of the Fear of Earthquake Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Turkish children and adolescents.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>The Fear of Earthquake Scale can be easily used by nurses or other specialists to identify at-risk populations, develop psychosocial intervention programs, and evaluate post-disaster mental health services.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 518-525"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145716304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-12-16DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.050
Fiona Hurley, Samantha Balanuta, Paula Flanagan
Introduction
Nurses care for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions across a variety of settings, often managing complex needs and unpredictable illness trajectories. As key providers of physical and emotional support to the child and family, they face significant emotional challenges. Therefore, it is essential to explore how nurses cope with these demands. The review aimed to synthesise and critically appraise the evidence on coping strategies used by nurses caring for these children.
Methods
Studies exploring coping strategies used by nurses caring for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions (2015–2025) were included. A systematic search was conducted across CINAHL Ultimate, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE Elsevier, PsycINFO EBSCO, and Scopus, as well as review repositories including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Database of Abstracts of Review of Effects (DARE).
Results
Twenty-two studies were included, with four themes emerging. The evolving sense of duty highlighted how paediatric nurses develop emotional resilience through repeated exposure to death and distress; Boundaries for survival reflected the strategies used to protect their emotional well-being; Strength in connection emphasised the importance of teamwork and support, and Faith as a foundation of care highlighted how spiritual beliefs help nurses in their roles.
Conclusions
Nurses in the early stages of their careers are especially vulnerable to the emotional demands of caring for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions. These findings highlight the need for ongoing education and support to sustain nurses' well-being and their capacity to provide compassionate, high-quality care.
{"title":"Coping strategies of nurses caring for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions: An integrative review","authors":"Fiona Hurley, Samantha Balanuta, Paula Flanagan","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.050","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.050","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Introduction</h3><div>Nurses care for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions across a variety of settings, often managing complex needs and unpredictable illness trajectories. As key providers of physical and emotional support to the child and family, they face significant emotional challenges. Therefore, it is essential to explore how nurses cope with these demands. The review aimed to synthesise and critically appraise the evidence on coping strategies used by nurses caring for these children.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Studies exploring coping strategies used by nurses caring for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions (2015–2025) were included. A systematic search was conducted across CINAHL Ultimate, Ovid MEDLINE, EMBASE Elsevier, PsycINFO EBSCO, and Scopus, as well as review repositories including the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews and the Database of Abstracts of Review of Effects (DARE).</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Twenty-two studies were included, with four themes emerging. <em>The evolving sense of duty</em> highlighted how paediatric nurses develop emotional resilience through repeated exposure to death and distress; <em>Boundaries for survival</em> reflected the strategies used to protect their emotional well-being; <em>Strength in connection</em> emphasised the importance of teamwork and support, and <em>Faith as a foundation of care</em> highlighted how spiritual beliefs help nurses in their roles.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>Nurses in the early stages of their careers are especially vulnerable to the emotional demands of caring for children with life-limiting and life-threatening conditions. These findings highlight the need for ongoing education and support to sustain nurses' well-being and their capacity to provide compassionate, high-quality care.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 549-558"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145776230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aimed to translate the Perceived Stress Scale for Kids (PeSSKi) into Turkish, adapt it culturally, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version.
Methods
This study was carried out methodological. This study was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024 with the participation of 466 children aged 7–11 years. The data were collected using Information Form and PeSSKi. The study were used to analyze the data “Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, intraclass correlation coefficient, cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability”.
Results
PeSSKi was found to consist of 10 items and one sub-dimension, and the scale showed an acceptable level of Cronbach's alpha = 0.87; McDonald's Omega coefficient = 0.86. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, the scale explained 41.078 % of the total variance. Spearman-Brown coefficient of the scale was 0.80, Hotelling's T2 value was 135.877, p < 0.001. As a result of the test-retest result of the Turkish version PeSSKi intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.77.
Conclusion
The Turkish version PeSSKi survey was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool that assesses stress perceived by children aged 7–11 years.
Practice implications
The short, and self-report structure of the Turkish version PeSSKi form can be used in the assessment of stress experiences and the early identification of children with high stress levels.
{"title":"Investigation of the psychometric properties of the Turkish version of the Perceived Stress Scale for Kids (PeSSKi): A study of validity and reliability","authors":"Elif Bulut , Bahar Aksoy , Ilknur Kahriman , Murat Bektaş","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.12.011","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.12.011","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Purpose</h3><div>This study aimed to translate the Perceived Stress Scale for Kids (PeSSKi) into Turkish, adapt it culturally, and evaluate the psychometric properties of the Turkish version.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>This study was carried out methodological. This study was conducted between October 2023 and March 2024 with the participation of 466 children aged 7–11 years. The data were collected using Information Form and PeSSKi. The study were used to analyze the data “Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, intraclass correlation coefficient, cronbach's alpha and test-retest reliability”.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>PeSSKi was found to consist of 10 items and one sub-dimension, and the scale showed an acceptable level of Cronbach's alpha = 0.87; McDonald's Omega coefficient = 0.86. As a result of the exploratory factor analysis, the scale explained 41.078 % of the total variance. Spearman-Brown coefficient of the scale was 0.80, Hotelling's T<sup>2</sup> value was 135.877, <em>p</em> < 0.001. As a result of the test-retest result of the Turkish version PeSSKi intraclass correlation coefficient was 0.77.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusion</h3><div>The Turkish version PeSSKi survey was found to be a valid and reliable measurement tool that assesses stress perceived by children aged 7–11 years.</div></div><div><h3>Practice implications</h3><div>The short, and self-report structure of the Turkish version PeSSKi form can be used in the assessment of stress experiences and the early identification of children with high stress levels.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 603-613"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145790003","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-07DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.10.029
Thanvita Tutika , Mahati Chittem , Shraddha Namjoshi , Veerendra C. Patil , Lauren Kelada , Claire E. Wakefield
Background
Caring for a child with cancer is a profoundly challenging experience and caregivers often face unmet support needs, which may vary based on demographic factors. This study assessed: 1) the unmet needs of caregivers of children with cancer in India, and 2) how caregivers' unmet needs were related to demographic factors.
Methods
Using a cross-sectional design and purposive sampling (for the patient's condition and duration of care), family caregivers of paediatric cancer patients (n = 135) in Hyderabad, India were surveyed using the Cancer Needs Questionnaire-Parents and Carers (CNQ-PC) to assess unmet needs. We examined the data using descriptive statistics (frequency reporting ‘high’ or ‘very high’ needs), t-tests and Chi-squares.
Results
Six of the top ten unmet needs related to caregivers' ‘feelings’: including coping with seeing the young person in pain (89 %), and feeling guilty for neglecting others (73 %), sad/depressed (56 %), anxious/nervous (55 %), scared (53 %), and confused (44 %). Families who lived further away from (versus closer to) the treating hospital were more likely to report unmet needs, including managing to pay for the young person's nonmedical items (t(133) = −2.77, p = .006) and knowing how to support the young person (t(133) = −2.96, p = .004). Parent income and parent education were also related to unmet needs.
Discussion
Caregivers of children with cancer in India face significant unmet psychosocial needs, especially those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and those travelling long distances for treatment. Enhancing supportive care services, particularly for emotionally distressed caregivers and families facing geographic and financial barriers, is crucial.
照顾患有癌症的儿童是一项极具挑战性的经历，照顾者经常面临未满足的支持需求，这可能因人口因素而异。本研究评估：1)印度癌症儿童照护者未被满足的需求；2)照护者未被满足的需求与人口因素的关系。方法采用横断面设计和目的抽样（针对患者的病情和护理时间），对印度海德拉巴的儿童癌症患者的家庭照顾者（n = 135）进行调查，使用癌症需求问卷-父母和照顾者（CNQ-PC）来评估未满足的需求。我们使用描述性统计（报告“高”或“非常高”需求的频率）、t检验和卡方检验数据。结果十大未满足需求中有六个与照顾者的“感受”有关：包括应对看到年轻人痛苦（89%）、因忽视他人而感到内疚（73%）、悲伤/抑郁（56%）、焦虑/紧张（55%）、害怕（53%）和困惑（44%）。离治疗医院较远（相对于离治疗医院较近）的家庭更有可能报告未满足的需求，包括设法支付年轻人的非医疗物品（t(133) = - 2.77, p = .006）和知道如何支持年轻人（t(133) = - 2.96, p = .004）。父母的收入和教育程度也与未满足的需求有关。在印度，癌症儿童的护理人员面临着大量未满足的心理社会需求，特别是那些来自较低社会经济背景和长途跋涉治疗的儿童。加强支持性护理服务至关重要，特别是对情绪低落的护理人员和面临地理和经济障碍的家庭。
{"title":"Unmet supportive care needs of family caregivers of children with cancer in India","authors":"Thanvita Tutika , Mahati Chittem , Shraddha Namjoshi , Veerendra C. Patil , Lauren Kelada , Claire E. Wakefield","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.10.029","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.10.029","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background</h3><div>Caring for a child with cancer is a profoundly challenging experience and caregivers often face unmet support needs, which may vary based on demographic factors. This study assessed: 1) the unmet needs of caregivers of children with cancer in India, and 2) how caregivers' unmet needs were related to demographic factors.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>Using a cross-sectional design and purposive sampling (for the patient's condition and duration of care), family caregivers of paediatric cancer patients (<em>n</em> = 135) in Hyderabad, India were surveyed using the Cancer Needs Questionnaire-Parents and Carers (CNQ-PC) to assess unmet needs. We examined the data using descriptive statistics (frequency reporting ‘high’ or ‘very high’ needs), <em>t</em>-tests and Chi-squares.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Six of the top ten unmet needs related to caregivers' ‘feelings’: including coping with seeing the young person in pain (89 %), and feeling guilty for neglecting others (73 %), sad/depressed (56 %), anxious/nervous (55 %), scared (53 %), and confused (44 %). Families who lived further away from (versus closer to) the treating hospital were more likely to report unmet needs, including managing to pay for the young person's nonmedical items (<em>t</em>(133) = −2.77, <em>p</em> = .006) and knowing how to support the young person (<em>t</em>(133) = −2.96, <em>p</em> = .004). Parent income and parent education were also related to unmet needs.</div></div><div><h3>Discussion</h3><div>Caregivers of children with cancer in India face significant unmet psychosocial needs, especially those from lower socioeconomic backgrounds and those travelling long distances for treatment. Enhancing supportive care services, particularly for emotionally distressed caregivers and families facing geographic and financial barriers, is crucial.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 44-50"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145468393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2026-01-01Epub Date: 2025-11-13DOI: 10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.010
Danielle Altares Sarik PhD, APRN, CPNP-PC, FAAN , Holly Birkinshaw MSN, CPN, Peds CNS-BC , Karina A. Gattamorta PhD , Jacqueline L. Gonzalez DNP, APRN, MBA, NEA-BC, FAAN , Tracy K. Ono PhD, RN, CCRN , Nancy Russell MS, RN, CPN, CPPS , Deborah Hill-Rodriguez DNP, MBA, MSN, APRN, NE-BC
Background & objective
The Humpty Dumpty Falls Prevention Scale (HDFS) was developed with the goal of preventing injury and reducing falls in children (Gonzalez et al., 2020; Hill-Rodriguez et al., 2009). The aim of this study was to compare sensitivity, specificity, and predictive validity of the original HDFS (Hill-Rodriguez et al., 2009) to the changes proposed to the scale by Sarik et al. (2022), utilizing data from four geographically diverse children's hospitals within the United States of America.
Methods
A secondary analysis of aggregate fall data from four US-based hospitals was conducted. All inpatient admissions with accompanying HDFS fall scores from a one-year period were included. Both the original scoring and parameters of the HDFS and the updated scoring and parameters proposed by Sarik et al. (2022) were calculated. Distributions of scores, sensitivity, specificity, and the predictive validity of the two scoring methods were compared.
Results
Of 55,711 individual patient encounters analyzed, 151 falls were reported across all institutions (0.3 % of encounters). The average HDFS score on the updated tool was 12.92 (SD = 1.93), with 77 % of patients classified as “at risk”. Sensitivity for the new tool was found to be 85 % while specificity was found to be 23 %. When examining the predictive validity of the cases identified as “at risk”, 24 % of cases were classified correctly.
Conclusions
After analysis, the updated HDFS demonstrated superior performance in identifying patients at risk of fall. All institutions currently using the HDFS are encouraged to utilize the updated scale.
背景和目的Humpty Dumpty Falls Prevention Scale （HDFS）的目的是预防儿童受伤和减少跌倒（Gonzalez et al., 2020; Hill-Rodriguez et al., 2009）。本研究的目的是比较原始HDFS （Hill-Rodriguez et al., 2009）与Sarik et al.（2022）提出的量表变更的敏感性、特异性和预测有效性，利用来自美国四家地理位置不同的儿童医院的数据。方法对美国四家医院的总体跌倒数据进行二次分析。所有住院患者在一年内伴有HDFS下降评分。计算HDFS的原始评分和参数以及Sarik et al.（2022）提出的更新后的评分和参数。比较两种评分方法的评分分布、敏感性、特异性和预测效度。结果在分析的55,711例个体患者中，所有机构报告了151例跌倒（0.3%）。HDFS在更新工具上的平均得分为12.92 (SD = 1.93)， 77%的患者被归类为“有风险”。新工具的敏感性为85%，特异性为23%。当检查确定为“有风险”的病例的预测有效性时，24%的病例被正确分类。经过分析，更新后的HDFS在识别有跌倒风险的患者方面表现出更好的性能。鼓励所有目前使用HDFS的机构使用更新后的规模。
{"title":"Improving Pediatric fall prevention: Multicenter validation of the Humpty Dumpty Fall Scale 2.0","authors":"Danielle Altares Sarik PhD, APRN, CPNP-PC, FAAN , Holly Birkinshaw MSN, CPN, Peds CNS-BC , Karina A. Gattamorta PhD , Jacqueline L. Gonzalez DNP, APRN, MBA, NEA-BC, FAAN , Tracy K. Ono PhD, RN, CCRN , Nancy Russell MS, RN, CPN, CPPS , Deborah Hill-Rodriguez DNP, MBA, MSN, APRN, NE-BC","doi":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.010","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.pedn.2025.11.010","url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Background & objective</h3><div>The Humpty Dumpty Falls Prevention Scale (HDFS) was developed with the goal of preventing injury and reducing falls in children (Gonzalez et al., 2020; Hill-Rodriguez et al., 2009). The aim of this study was to compare sensitivity, specificity, and predictive validity of the original HDFS (Hill-Rodriguez et al., 2009) to the changes proposed to the scale by Sarik et al. (2022), utilizing data from four geographically diverse children's hospitals within the United States of America.</div></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><div>A secondary analysis of aggregate fall data from four US-based hospitals was conducted. All inpatient admissions with accompanying HDFS fall scores from a one-year period were included. Both the original scoring and parameters of the HDFS and the updated scoring and parameters proposed by Sarik et al. (2022) were calculated. Distributions of scores, sensitivity, specificity, and the predictive validity of the two scoring methods were compared.</div></div><div><h3>Results</h3><div>Of 55,711 individual patient encounters analyzed, 151 falls were reported across all institutions (0.3 % of encounters). The average HDFS score on the updated tool was 12.92 (<em>SD</em> = 1.93), with 77 % of patients classified as “at risk”. Sensitivity for the new tool was found to be 85 % while specificity was found to be 23 %. When examining the predictive validity of the cases identified as “at risk”, 24 % of cases were classified correctly.</div></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><div>After analysis, the updated HDFS demonstrated superior performance in identifying patients at risk of fall. All institutions currently using the HDFS are encouraged to utilize the updated scale.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":48899,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Pediatric Nursing-Nursing Care of Children & Families","volume":"86 ","pages":"Pages 148-153"},"PeriodicalIF":2.3,"publicationDate":"2026-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145520721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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