A point-of-care blood gas analyser, Edan i15 Vet (EDAN), was compared with a benchtop blood gas analyser, GEM Premier 3000 (GEM). GEM and EDAN were used to analyse whole blood from 123 lactating Holsteins within one month of calving for blood gases, electrolytes, hematocrit and hemoglobin. EDAN and GEM showed significant linear correlations for blood gases, electrolytes, Hct and Hb. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) of intercept in Passing-Bablok regressions included zero in pCO2, bicarbonate, TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, hematocrit, and pH, but not for Na+, K+, pO2 and sO2. The CI of the slope included 1.0 for Na+, K+, pCO2, bicarbonate, TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, hematocrit, and pH, but not for pO2, sO2, and hemoglobin. The Bland-Altman plots between EDAN and GEM showed a bias of 1.4% for Na+, 2.4% for K+, –1.6% for pCO2, 3.0% for pO2, –5.3% for bicarbonate, 2.8% for SO2, –7.3% for TCO2, 10.4% for Hct, 21.2% for Hb, –25.1% for BE B and –38.5% for BE ecf. The biases in the analysis of certain estimated parameters were much higher (> 5%) than for measured parameters except for Hct. Parity did not correlate with blood gas parameters but blood pH correlated negatively with K+, pCO2 and positively with pO2, TCO2, sO2, bicarbonate, BE ecf and BE B. The postpartum time correlated positively with pCO2, TCO2, BE and bicarbonate and negatively with Hct and Hb values. Reference values (2.5-97.5% quartiles) were determined for each parameter. Conclusively, EDAN can be used interchangeably with GEM for the analysis of blood pH, K+, pCO2 and HCO3 – as they show acceptable moderate agreement. However, they did not agree for other parameters such as TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, Hb, Hct, sO2, Na+, and pO2, therefore, reference values for each parameter were set for GEM and EDAN.
将现场血气分析仪Edan i15 Vet (Edan)与台式血气分析仪GEM Premier 3000 (GEM)进行比较。采用GEM和EDAN对123头泌乳期荷斯坦奶牛1个月内的全血进行血气、电解质、红细胞压积和血红蛋白分析。EDAN和GEM与血气、电解质、Hct和Hb呈显著的线性相关。passin - bablok回归的95%置信区间(CI)包括pCO2、碳酸氢盐、TCO2、BE ecf、BE B、红细胞压积和pH为零，但Na+、K+、pO2和sO2不为零。Na+、K+、pCO2、碳酸氢盐、TCO2、BE ecf、BE B、红细胞压积和pH的斜率CI为1.0，但pO2、sO2和血红蛋白的斜率CI不为1.0。EDAN和GEM之间的Bland-Altman图显示Na+的偏差为1.4%，K+的偏差为2.4%，pCO2的偏差为-1.6%，pO2的偏差为3.0%，碳酸氢盐的偏差为-5.3%，SO2的偏差为2.8%，TCO2的偏差为-7.3%，Hct的偏差为10.4%，Hb的偏差为21.2%，BE B的偏差为-25.1%，BE ecf的偏差为-38.5%。除Hct外，某些估计参数的分析偏差比测量参数高得多(约5%)。胎次与血气参数无相关性，而血pH值与K+、pCO2呈负相关，与pO2、TCO2、sO2、碳酸氢盐、BE、ecf、BE b呈正相关。产后时间与pCO2、TCO2、BE、碳酸氢盐呈正相关，与Hct、Hb值呈负相关。为每个参数确定参考值(2.5-97.5%四分位数)。最后，EDAN可以与GEM互换用于血液pH、K+、pCO2和HCO3 -的分析，因为它们显示出可接受的适度一致性。但对于TCO2、BE ecf、BE B、Hb、Hct、sO2、Na+、pO2等参数，双方意见不一致，因此对GEM和EDAN设置了各参数的参考值。
{"title":"Comparison of the blood gas analyser Edan i15 Vet with the blood gas analyser Gem Premier 3000 for the analysis of blood gases, electrolytes, hemoglobin and hematocrit in lactating Holstein","authors":"M. Metin, K. Aksoy, Aytaç Pekmezci, A. Deniz","doi":"10.21521/mw.6728","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6728","url":null,"abstract":"A point-of-care blood gas analyser, Edan i15 Vet (EDAN), was compared with a benchtop blood gas analyser, GEM Premier 3000 (GEM). GEM and EDAN were used to analyse whole blood from 123 lactating Holsteins within one month of calving for blood gases, electrolytes, hematocrit and hemoglobin. EDAN and GEM showed significant linear correlations for blood gases, electrolytes, Hct and Hb. The 95% confidence intervals (CI) of intercept in Passing-Bablok regressions included zero in pCO2, bicarbonate, TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, hematocrit, and pH, but not for Na+, K+, pO2 and sO2. The CI of the slope included 1.0 for Na+, K+, pCO2, bicarbonate, TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, hematocrit, and pH, but not for pO2, sO2, and hemoglobin. The Bland-Altman plots between EDAN and GEM showed a bias of 1.4% for Na+, 2.4% for K+, –1.6% for pCO2, 3.0% for pO2, –5.3% for bicarbonate, 2.8% for SO2, –7.3% for TCO2, 10.4% for Hct, 21.2% for Hb, –25.1% for BE B and –38.5% for BE ecf. The biases in the analysis of certain estimated parameters were much higher (> 5%) than for measured parameters except for Hct. Parity did not correlate with blood gas parameters but blood pH correlated negatively with K+, pCO2 and positively with pO2, TCO2, sO2, bicarbonate, BE ecf and BE B. The postpartum time correlated positively with pCO2, TCO2, BE and bicarbonate and negatively with Hct and Hb values. Reference values (2.5-97.5% quartiles) were determined for each parameter. Conclusively, EDAN can be used interchangeably with GEM for the analysis of blood pH, K+, pCO2 and HCO3 – as they show acceptable moderate agreement. However, they did not agree for other parameters such as TCO2, BE ecf, BE B, Hb, Hct, sO2, Na+, and pO2, therefore, reference values for each parameter were set for GEM and EDAN.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68101979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Szatkowska, Martyna Otręba, J. Korbecki, E. Czerniawska-Piątkowska, J. Wójcik, W. Grzesiak, D. Zaborski
Coat colour in dogs is influenced by many genes and their polymorphic forms. The main coat colour pattern depends on pigment type, i.e. eumelanin or pheomelanin, whose synthesis is regulated by tyrosinase encoded by the TYRP1 gene. However, other genes also contribute to the ultimate phenotype. One of them is PMEL responsible for the merle coat colour. This review focuses on the role of melanocytes in the phenotypic expression of coat colour, the merle phenotype and genotype, phenotypic diversity of the M allele carriers, health consequences for the carriers of the allele responsible for the merle coat colour and problems with the identification of the M allele carriers based on phenotype and dog breeds with the merle coat colour accepted by the FCI.
{"title":"Molecular background of the merle coat color in dogs and its health consequences","authors":"I. Szatkowska, Martyna Otręba, J. Korbecki, E. Czerniawska-Piątkowska, J. Wójcik, W. Grzesiak, D. Zaborski","doi":"10.21521/mw.6769","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6769","url":null,"abstract":"Coat colour in dogs is influenced by many genes and their polymorphic forms. The main coat colour pattern depends on pigment type, i.e. eumelanin or pheomelanin, whose synthesis is regulated by tyrosinase encoded by the TYRP1 gene. However, other genes also contribute to the ultimate phenotype. One of them is PMEL responsible for the merle coat colour. This review focuses on the role of melanocytes in the phenotypic expression of coat colour, the merle phenotype and genotype, phenotypic diversity of the M allele carriers, health consequences for the carriers of the allele responsible for the merle coat colour and problems with the identification of the M allele carriers based on phenotype and dog breeds with the merle coat colour accepted by the FCI.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68106286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
E. Jastrzębska, A. Wiśniewska, I. Wilk, T. Próchniak, I. Janczarek
This study analysed the effect of the sex of the horses as well as the type of their maintenance and use at the centre on the behavioural and physiological expression of short-term social isolation, which was assessed on the basis of heart and respiratory rates. A total of 27 clinically healthy horses were examined. The horses had social contact of various durations, were used with different regularity and were not equally accustomed to isolation. An isolation test was conducted. The heart and respiratory rates were measured at rest and after isolation, and the differences between the values were calculated. Moreover, points were assigned for the effect of isolation. The behaviour in subsequent stages of isolation was also observed. It was found that the sex of the horses, the period spent daily in the paddock in the herd, the regularity of use and habituation to staying in isolation can all be classified as factors that have no effect on the heart rate, respiratory rate or behaviour during short-term isolation. It was suggested that the resting respiratory rate and the effect of isolation could be classified as features that are potentially useful in assessing horses’ adaptability to short-term social isolation.
{"title":"Effect of Selected Factors on Features of Short-Term Social Isolation of Horses: A Pilot Study","authors":"E. Jastrzębska, A. Wiśniewska, I. Wilk, T. Próchniak, I. Janczarek","doi":"10.21521/mw.6744","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6744","url":null,"abstract":"This study analysed the effect of the sex of the horses as well as the type of their maintenance and use at the centre on the behavioural and physiological expression of short-term social isolation, which was assessed on the basis of heart and respiratory rates. A total of 27 clinically healthy horses were examined. The horses had social contact of various durations, were used with different regularity and were not equally accustomed to isolation. An isolation test was conducted. The heart and respiratory rates were measured at rest and after isolation, and the differences between the values were calculated. Moreover, points were assigned for the effect of isolation. The behaviour in subsequent stages of isolation was also observed. It was found that the sex of the horses, the period spent daily in the paddock in the herd, the regularity of use and habituation to staying in isolation can all be classified as factors that have no effect on the heart rate, respiratory rate or behaviour during short-term isolation. It was suggested that the resting respiratory rate and the effect of isolation could be classified as features that are potentially useful in assessing horses’ adaptability to short-term social isolation.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68104086","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious and economically important viral disease of both domestic (goats and sheep) and wild small ruminants. Due to the devastating effect of this disease on livestock and livelihoods, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) endorsed the Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR (PPR GCES) and launched the PPR Global Eradication Programme (PPR GEP) to eradicate PPRV by 2030. In order to achieve this goal, a potent, safe and efficacious live-attenuated PPR vaccine with long-lasting immunity is available for immunoprophylaxis. However, the live-attenuated PPR vaccines are thermolabile and require maintenance of an effective cold chain to deliver to the field. In addition, infected animals cannot be differentiated from vaccinated ones (DIVA). To overcome these limitations, some new generation PPR vaccines have been developed: poxvirus vaccine, positive and negative marker vaccine through reverse genetic approach, chimeric vaccine, anti-idiotypic vaccine, subunit vaccine, virus-like particles vaccine, edible vaccine and combined vaccines. Novel recombinant PPR DIVA vaccines were evaluated in goats for safety and efficacy, and all vaccinated animals were clinically protected against an intranasal PPRV challenge. Furthermore, newly developed ELISAs were capable of differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals. Therefore, these DIVA vaccines and the associated tests can facilitate the serological monitoring process and speed up global PPR eradication through vaccination.
{"title":"Progress in vaccines against peste des petits ruminants virus","authors":"W. Niedbalski","doi":"10.21521/mw.6747","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6747","url":null,"abstract":"Peste des petits ruminants (PPR) is a highly contagious and economically important viral disease of both domestic (goats and sheep) and wild small ruminants. Due to the devastating effect of this disease on livestock and livelihoods, the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations (FAO) and the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH) endorsed the Global Strategy for the Control and Eradication of PPR (PPR GCES) and launched the PPR Global Eradication Programme (PPR GEP) to eradicate PPRV by 2030. In order to achieve this goal, a potent, safe and efficacious live-attenuated PPR vaccine with long-lasting immunity is available for immunoprophylaxis. However, the live-attenuated PPR vaccines are thermolabile and require maintenance of an effective cold chain to deliver to the field. In addition, infected animals cannot be differentiated from vaccinated ones (DIVA). To overcome these limitations, some new generation PPR vaccines have been developed: poxvirus vaccine, positive and negative marker vaccine through reverse genetic approach, chimeric vaccine, anti-idiotypic vaccine, subunit vaccine, virus-like particles vaccine, edible vaccine and combined vaccines. Novel recombinant PPR DIVA vaccines were evaluated in goats for safety and efficacy, and all vaccinated animals were clinically protected against an intranasal PPRV challenge. Furthermore, newly developed ELISAs were capable of differentiating between infected and vaccinated animals. Therefore, these DIVA vaccines and the associated tests can facilitate the serological monitoring process and speed up global PPR eradication through vaccination.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68104132","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Dzierzęcka, S. Paśko, I. Wadowska, T. Kowaluk, I. Łuszczewska-Sierakowska, A. Charuta
The German Shepherd is among the breeds most prone to pathologies of the lumbosacral spine. The aim of the study was to examine how the presence of spine pathology affects the shape of the lumbar spine and dimensions of individual vertebrae. Mathematical analysis consisted of three measurements for each lumbar vertebra. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that there was a correlation between the height of the first five vertebrae and the occurrence of the lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV). It was also shown that spondylosis manifested most often with a change in the distance between individual lumbar vertebrae. There was no correlation between the incidence of spondylosis and the height of the vertebral canal. In conclusion, the presence of a LTV significantly changes the dimensions of other vertebrae in the lumbar spine, which can lead to other pathological changes in the vertebral column.
{"title":"Relation between defects in the lumbar spine and the position and dimensions of individual vertebrae in German Shepherds","authors":"M. Dzierzęcka, S. Paśko, I. Wadowska, T. Kowaluk, I. Łuszczewska-Sierakowska, A. Charuta","doi":"10.21521/mw.6792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6792","url":null,"abstract":"The German Shepherd is among the breeds most prone to pathologies of the lumbosacral spine. The aim of the study was to examine how the presence of spine pathology affects the shape of the lumbar spine and dimensions of individual vertebrae. Mathematical analysis consisted of three measurements for each lumbar vertebra. Based on the analysis, it was concluded that there was a correlation between the height of the first five vertebrae and the occurrence of the lumbosacral transitional vertebra (LTV). It was also shown that spondylosis manifested most often with a change in the distance between individual lumbar vertebrae. There was no correlation between the incidence of spondylosis and the height of the vertebral canal. In conclusion, the presence of a LTV significantly changes the dimensions of other vertebrae in the lumbar spine, which can lead to other pathological changes in the vertebral column.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68107561","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Welz, Renata Kondrat, Przemysław Łoś, Janusz Bogdan, K. Anusz
The regaining of independence by Poland in 1918 brought freedom, but it also posed many challenges for the state administration, including the reconstruction of a uniform veterinary service. It was not an easy task, considering that already in early 1920 an epizootic of rinderpest crossed the Caucasus and spread in the European part of Soviet Russia, reaching eastern Poland in September of that year. A modern legal framework for combating contagious animal diseases was successfully established within merely ten years. A breakthrough in the field of law regarding the eradication of infectious animal diseases was the Regulation of the President of the Republic of Poland of August 22, 1927 on combating contagious animal diseases. It was the first legal act of this type in the country and one of the most modern regulations of its kind in Europe at that time. The list of infectious diseases covered by the obligation to report and control included rinderpest, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, foot-and-mouth disease, anthrax, blackleg disease, game and cattle plague, tuberculosis of cattle in the open form (lungs, udder, uterus and intestines), glanders of solipeds, sheep pox, dourine, coital exanthema of equines and cattle, scabies of solipeds and sheep, rabies, swine fever and plague, swine erysipelas, poultry cholera (pasterellosis) and chicken plague. The article presents the rules of combating infectious animal diseases in the example of rinderpest and foot-and-mouth disease, which were characteristic of the period of the Second Polish Republic.
{"title":"Combating animal infectious diseases in Poland in the years 1918-1939 on the example of rinderpest and foot and mouth disease. Legal and administrative aspect","authors":"M. Welz, Renata Kondrat, Przemysław Łoś, Janusz Bogdan, K. Anusz","doi":"10.21521/mw.6794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6794","url":null,"abstract":"The regaining of independence by Poland in 1918 brought freedom, but it also posed many challenges for the state administration, including the reconstruction of a uniform veterinary service. It was not an easy task, considering that already in early 1920 an epizootic of rinderpest crossed the Caucasus and spread in the European part of Soviet Russia, reaching eastern Poland in September of that year. A modern legal framework for combating contagious animal diseases was successfully established within merely ten years. A breakthrough in the field of law regarding the eradication of infectious animal diseases was the Regulation of the President of the Republic of Poland of August 22, 1927 on combating contagious animal diseases. It was the first legal act of this type in the country and one of the most modern regulations of its kind in Europe at that time. The list of infectious diseases covered by the obligation to report and control included rinderpest, contagious bovine pleuropneumonia, foot-and-mouth disease, anthrax, blackleg disease, game and cattle plague, tuberculosis of cattle in the open form (lungs, udder, uterus and intestines), glanders of solipeds, sheep pox, dourine, coital exanthema of equines and cattle, scabies of solipeds and sheep, rabies, swine fever and plague, swine erysipelas, poultry cholera (pasterellosis) and chicken plague. The article presents the rules of combating infectious animal diseases in the example of rinderpest and foot-and-mouth disease, which were characteristic of the period of the Second Polish Republic.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68107894","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Normative regulations concerning the use of animals in experiments and education raise numerous controversies and much social discussion. One of the aspects of implementing this form of social activity is the use of constitutional, subjective right of access to public information. Competent public administration authorities, and administrative courts encounter numerous difficulties related to requests for information. Attempts to assess, evaluate, and verify whether the applicants’ goals and intentions are consistent with the axiological premises of the statutory norms occur. The study reveals veterinary, legal, and moral aspects of requests for access to public information related to the use of animals in testing and teaching procedures. The controversial concept of abuse/misuse of the subjective right to access information is presented in a critical, multifaceted way. Obligations of professional ethics of veterinary surgeons concerning laboratory animals and public information related to them are discussed. The effectiveness and consistency of normative regulations are assessed. Interpretational postulates are indicated.
{"title":"Access to public information regarding laboratory animals: law and ethics","authors":"A. Dzikowski","doi":"10.21521/mw.6798","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6798","url":null,"abstract":"Normative regulations concerning the use of animals in experiments and education raise numerous controversies and much social discussion. One of the aspects of implementing this form of social activity is the use of constitutional, subjective right of access to public information. Competent public administration authorities, and administrative courts encounter numerous difficulties related to requests for information. Attempts to assess, evaluate, and verify whether the applicants’ goals and intentions are consistent with the axiological premises of the statutory norms occur. The study reveals veterinary, legal, and moral aspects of requests for access to public information related to the use of animals in testing and teaching procedures. The controversial concept of abuse/misuse of the subjective right to access information is presented in a critical, multifaceted way. Obligations of professional ethics of veterinary surgeons concerning laboratory animals and public information related to them are discussed. The effectiveness and consistency of normative regulations are assessed. Interpretational postulates are indicated.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68108691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Regulation (EU) 2016/429 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on transmissible animal diseases and amending and repealing certain acts in the field of animal health, ‘Animal Health Law’, changed the rules for combating infectious diseases of animals, in particular of non-domesticated species. An in-depth legal research by the authors revealed certain features of combat against transmissible diseases in wild animals. New normative regulations are presented, confronted, and evaluated. The authors conclude that the European law has changed the content of national statutes, although their literal wording has remained unchanged. Different definitions and designations of veterinary surgeons in the Animal Health Law are discussed. An algorithm of conduct aimed at the uniformity of the work of public veterinary administration is presented. New duties and the need for high legal competences of the District Veterinary Officer are discussed. The effectiveness and consistency of the regulations are assessed. Interpretational and legislative postulates are indicated.
{"title":"Key role of the local veterinary administration in combating infectious diseases of wild animals: New duties vs. old habits in the context of the Animal Health Law","authors":"A. Dzikowski, K. Anusz, Janusz Bogdan","doi":"10.21521/mw.6807","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6807","url":null,"abstract":"Regulation (EU) 2016/429 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 9 March 2016 on transmissible animal diseases and amending and repealing certain acts in the field of animal health, ‘Animal Health Law’, changed the rules for combating infectious diseases of animals, in particular of non-domesticated species. An in-depth legal research by the authors revealed certain features of combat against transmissible diseases in wild animals. New normative regulations are presented, confronted, and evaluated. The authors conclude that the European law has changed the content of national statutes, although their literal wording has remained unchanged. Different definitions and designations of veterinary surgeons in the Animal Health Law are discussed. An algorithm of conduct aimed at the uniformity of the work of public veterinary administration is presented. New duties and the need for high legal competences of the District Veterinary Officer are discussed. The effectiveness and consistency of the regulations are assessed. Interpretational and legislative postulates are indicated.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68109964","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
PIOTR TRĘBACZ, JAN FRYMUS, MICHAŁ CZOPOWICZ, IZABELLA JOŃSKA, RAFAŁ LENGLING, MAREK GALANTY
The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and efficiency of performing modified ventral femoral head and neck ostectomy (mFHNO) after measuring the ideal femoral head and neck ostectomy angle (iFHNOA) on preoperative radiographs of the hip joints. Our modification of the FHNO consisted of removal of the femoral head and neck in stages. The study included cadavers of 10 adult large breed dogs (5 mongrel dogs, 4 German shepherds and 1 Gordon setter), 5 males and 5 females, weighing between 25 and 45 kg (36.2 ± 6.8 kg). There were 18 femoral head and neck ostectomies: 8 left and 10 right. The mean difference (d) between the achieved postoperative ostectomy angle and iFHNOA (± standard deviation) was 1.9° ± 7.8° (95% confidence interval: –4.6°; 8.4°) in the left limb and 0° ± 6.8° (95% confidence interval: –4.9°; 4.9°) in the right limb. Both mean d value were not statistically significantly different from 0° (p = 0.518 in the left limb and p = 0.999 in the right limb), which means that the ostectomy angles obtained by the modified method were performed nearly ideally in each case.
{"title":"Modified Ventral Femoral Head and Neck Ostectomy: A Canine Cadaver Study","authors":"PIOTR TRĘBACZ, JAN FRYMUS, MICHAŁ CZOPOWICZ, IZABELLA JOŃSKA, RAFAŁ LENGLING, MAREK GALANTY","doi":"10.21521/mw.6832","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6832","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to assess the accuracy and efficiency of performing modified ventral femoral head and neck ostectomy (mFHNO) after measuring the ideal femoral head and neck ostectomy angle (iFHNOA) on preoperative radiographs of the hip joints. Our modification of the FHNO consisted of removal of the femoral head and neck in stages. The study included cadavers of 10 adult large breed dogs (5 mongrel dogs, 4 German shepherds and 1 Gordon setter), 5 males and 5 females, weighing between 25 and 45 kg (36.2 ± 6.8 kg). There were 18 femoral head and neck ostectomies: 8 left and 10 right. The mean difference (d) between the achieved postoperative ostectomy angle and iFHNOA (± standard deviation) was 1.9° ± 7.8° (95% confidence interval: –4.6°; 8.4°) in the left limb and 0° ± 6.8° (95% confidence interval: –4.9°; 4.9°) in the right limb. Both mean d value were not statistically significantly different from 0° (p = 0.518 in the left limb and p = 0.999 in the right limb), which means that the ostectomy angles obtained by the modified method were performed nearly ideally in each case.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136305759","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between existing metabolic biomarkers (asprosin, FABP1, PPARα and FGF21) and clinical parameters and to determine their role in the early diagnosis of sheep pregnancy toxemia. In the study, 70 Akkaraman sheep aged three to five years in the last three weeks of pregnancy were divided into three groups: healthy group (n = 20), subclinical group (n = 30), and clinical group (n = 20). Clinical examination (body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate), blood serum biochemistry, and ELISA analyses were performed. In sheep with clinical and subclinical pregnancy toxemia, serum PPARα, β-HBA, NEFA, HbA1c, HDL, triglyceride, creatinine, and phosphorus levels were statistically higher, whereas serum glucose and LDL levels were lower than in healthy sheep. However, serum FGF21, AST, ALT, and VLDL values were not statistically different between the three groups. In addition, serum asprosin and FABP1 levels were higher in the subclinical group than in the clinical group. Thus it was concluded that serum asprosin, FABP1, and PPARα findings could be useful in evaluating lipid and energy metabolism in subclinical and clinical forms of pregnancy toxemia. Since this study was based on blood samples from individually reared sheep herds, many environmental factors (e.g., housing, nutrition, and population density) could not be considered. For this reason, it is thought that there is a need for experimental studies in which environmental variables can be controlled.
{"title":"Current Energy and Lipid Metabolism Biomarkers in Sheep with Subclinical And Clinical Pregnancy Toxemia","authors":"Merve Öztürk, N. Mamak","doi":"10.21521/mw.6733","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21521/mw.6733","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between existing metabolic biomarkers (asprosin, FABP1, PPARα and FGF21) and clinical parameters and to determine their role in the early diagnosis of sheep pregnancy toxemia. In the study, 70 Akkaraman sheep aged three to five years in the last three weeks of pregnancy were divided into three groups: healthy group (n = 20), subclinical group (n = 30), and clinical group (n = 20). Clinical examination (body temperature, respiratory rate, and heart rate), blood serum biochemistry, and ELISA analyses were performed. In sheep with clinical and subclinical pregnancy toxemia, serum PPARα, β-HBA, NEFA, HbA1c, HDL, triglyceride, creatinine, and phosphorus levels were statistically higher, whereas serum glucose and LDL levels were lower than in healthy sheep. However, serum FGF21, AST, ALT, and VLDL values were not statistically different between the three groups. In addition, serum asprosin and FABP1 levels were higher in the subclinical group than in the clinical group. Thus it was concluded that serum asprosin, FABP1, and PPARα findings could be useful in evaluating lipid and energy metabolism in subclinical and clinical forms of pregnancy toxemia. Since this study was based on blood samples from individually reared sheep herds, many environmental factors (e.g., housing, nutrition, and population density) could not be considered. For this reason, it is thought that there is a need for experimental studies in which environmental variables can be controlled.","PeriodicalId":49017,"journal":{"name":"Medycyna Weterynaryjna-Veterinary Medicine-Science and Practice","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2023-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68103178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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